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Tram-train: future prospects

Progress on WP1A23

SINTROPHER workshop, Kassel, September 7, 2012

Dr. Charlotte Halpern, CEE Sciences Po & UCL

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Action WP1A23 - ObjectivesAction WP1A23 - Objectives

•What is the added value of transnational knowledge and transfer for the diffusion of cost-effective transport solutions in peripheral NWE regions ?

1. Assess the scope for collective learning among SINTROPHER Partners

2. Identify (legal, administrative, technical) challenges to technology transfer

3. Explore the scope for technical transfer from SINTROPHER to others in and outside NWE

2

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The mobility agenda

•Renewed attention to mobility issues

•Evolving patterns of mobility: time and length of journey, professional/leisure activities

•Old and new challenges: climate change, peak oil, demography, urbanization patterns

•Numerous initiatives throughout Europe, across various levels of government, public/private sector with two main differentiated strategies

•innovative technologies => alternative solutions, infrastructures and vehicles.

•Adapt existing transport infrastructures and networks by encouraging better connectivity and integration. => Tram-train as a promising public transport solution? => Tram-train as a promising public transport solution?

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Tram-train as a possible option•K

arlsruhe, Kassel : adapt vehicles to existing networks.

•Large variety of situations across north-western Europe.

•Use existing rail tracks for passengers transport

•A missing link between existing networks

•Develop public transport in peri-urban & rural areas

•Service a place of interest, e.g. airport.

•Cross-boarder connections

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Lessons from SINTROPHER ? Not automatically, many barriers

(WP1: NVV study, ProRail (Maastricht), DfT, etc.

•Technical

•Business cases

•Provision of vehicles

•Policy

City-region Opening / start

Aarhus 2016

Chemnitz 2014

UK trial 2015

Lyon 2010, 2013

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Major institutional changes• Liberalization packages in rail transport

• New entrants, competitive tendering, concession / franchising etc.• Privatization • Devolution processes, with transfer of competences towards

local authorities

=> To what extent do changes in resources & constraints benefit to local authorities ?

=> To what extent do changes in resources & constraints benefit to local authorities ?

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Lessons from SINTROPHER ?

It depends ! •Conflicting views

•Veto-players

•Fiscal / financial autonomy

•Lack of political leadership

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Project does not necessarily come from local authorities

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Accessibility as a challenging approach

•More about connectivity and integration than about transport per se (Banister, Kaufman, etc.)

•it encloses a specific relationship to space (vs. networks)

•it multiplies opportunities for passengers to develop highly differentiated and individualized transport solutions

=> Transversal approach to transport vs. vertical

=> What is the purpose of public transport ? => What is the purpose of public transport ?

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Conclusions• Explain the introduction of public transport solutions

• Types of leadership: Political / Transport-led / Planning• Types of strategies: muddling through or radical change• Types of long-term constraining effects: profitability, adaptability,

connectivity

• To what extent did local communities increase their ability to design and implement innovative transport solutions? • Rescaling of public intervention => increased competition among levels

of government in accessing funding (private/public), need for additional coordination mechanisms.

• Restructuring forms of public intervention => increasing & systematic use of market-based regulation tools with major political effects on State/local relationships in the organization of attractiveness.

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Recommendations ?

1. The EU model of local public transport is a myth

=> Different models.

2. Territorial scale

3. Financial resources

4. Regulatory framework

5. Political debate