Slide 1 of 21 Presentation of Bluetooth Activities of Aalborg University at BLIP Systems.
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Transcript of Slide 1 of 21 Presentation of Bluetooth Activities of Aalborg University at BLIP Systems.
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Slide 1 of 21
Presentation of Bluetooth Activities of Aalborg University at BLIP Systems
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Slide 2 of 21
BLIP Meeting - Agenda
• Agenda:– Preliminary Results of TCP Performance over
Bluetooth (Dennis Dungs, ca. 30 min)
– Location Information in Bluetooth (Joao Figueiras, ca. 30 min)
– Scatternet Formation (Istvan Kovacs, ca. 30 min)
– Set-up of experimental Bluetooth network at Aalborg University(who??, 10 min)
– Bluetooth simulation tools (who??, 10 min)
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Slide 3 of 21
Implementation and Evaluation of a Performance Enhancing Proxy for Wireless
TCP
Master Thesis Project (Sep 03 – April 04)
Dennis DungsTechnical University Munich, Germany
Aalborg University, Denmark
March 2004
Supervised byHans-Peter Schwefel
Aalborg University, Denmark
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Slide 4 of 21
Agenda
• Goal and steps of this project
• Considered Scenarios in the project
• Short Reminder: TCP
• Evaluation of Bluetooth Performance– UDP in Single MN AP Scenario– TCP in Single MN AP Scenario
• Conclusions
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Slide 5 of 21
Goal of this project
• Goal:– Identify TCP performance lacks in wireless scenarios– Evaluate performance capabilites of a TCP Proxy
• Steps– Getting familiar with concepts of TCP– Research about common TCP implementations– Describing wireless scenarios– Analyzing TCP performance and Identifying TCP
performance lacks in wireless scenarios– Designing and Implementing a TCP Proxy– Evaluation of Scenarios using the TCP Proxy
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Slide 6 of 21
Considered Scenarios
• Definition:„A Scenario consists of a description of the network infrastructure, mobility model and traffic model.“
Proxy
Server
Wired Network
MobileHost
Wirelesssupporting Network
• Network Infrastructure:– Access Technology– Proxy Location– Sender / Receiver Location– Network configuration
• Mobility Model– Fixed position– Handover to same/different subnet– Handover to new access technology
• Traffic Model– Size of transmitted data– Used bandwith– Single-/Multi-User– Cross-traffic– Constant / Burst Traffic
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Slide 7 of 21
Short Reminder - TCP• Goals of TCP:
– Connection oriented, full duplex protocol– Multiplexing of IP-datagram service (Ports)– In-order data transfer (Sequence Numbers)– Reliable data transfer (Acknowledgements)– Prevent Receiver from flooding (Receiver Advertised Window)– Prevent intermediate systems from flooding (Congestion Control
Algorithm)
• Congestion Control– Congestion Window: Number of bytes, that can be send in one
RTT without congestion– Dynamically adjusted until congestion indicated via DUPACKs or
timeouts– Exponential increase per RTT to reach maximum throughput
(slow-start)– Continuous probing of maximum available bandwith via linear
increase/ multiplicative decrease per RTT
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Slide 8 of 21
Evaluation
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Slide 9 of 21
Evaluation – Measurement Procedure
• IPerf – Setup a UDP/TCP connection from sender to receiver– Send data from sender to receiver at maximum bandwidth (TCP)
or given bandwidth (UDP)
• Ethereal – Trace Ethernet packets at sender and receiver in real-time into a
file– Traces arrival times of packets t(n) and contents of Ethernet
packets
• TCPTrace– Generate TCP Statistics offline
• Matlab– Generating UDP Statistics offline– Calculating statistical parameters
• GNUPlot– Visualizing TCP Statistics (RTT Graphs, Throughput Graphs)
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Slide 10 of 21
Evaluation - Metrics
• Instantaneous Throughput
• Instantaneous Averaged Throughput
• Transmission Throughput
• Round-Trip-Times (RTT)
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Slide 11 of 21
Single Connection over Bluetooth - Scenario
10.10.1.X
Tokyo DelftAalborg
China
Mobile Node
Toronto
Server
10.10.3.254
8 MBit/s 8 MBit/s
100 MBit/s
100 MBit/s100 MBit/s
Shanghai
100 MBit/s
Fixed Host Mobile HostRouter Switch BT AP
Legend:
Network Setup: • Scenario Parameters:– MN: 2.6 GHz-P4 512MB
RAM, WinXP, Belkin Class2 BT USB Adapter
– AP: BlipNet BlipNode L1– Supposed Master: AP– Supposed Slave: Mobile Node– Application Profile: PAN– Distance AP->MN: 1m– Server: PPro 166Mhz, 32MB
RAM, running Redhat 7.3– Sending duration: 30sec– UDP payloadsize: 1470 bytes– UDP Bandwith: 700kBit/s
(Application Layer Bandwith)– TCP receiver buffer: 8 kBytes
Downstream
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Slide 12 of 21
Single UDP Connection over Bluetooth
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Slide 13 of 21
Single UDP Connection over Bluetooth
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Slide 14 of 21
Single TCP Connection over Bluetooth
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Slide 15 of 21
Single TCP Connection over Bluetooth
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Single TCP Connection over Bluetooth
• Possible Reasons for throughput jumps– Traffic in low-bandwidth direction (Routers)
• Packet Scheduler has to send more data• Adjusting to „more symmetric“ bandwidth• Flow Control on Baseband
– Interference• Channel quality driven data rate change (CQDDR)
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Additional Results
• Upstream (Slave->Master) gains always higher throughput than downstream
• Adhoc – Scenario:– Same throughput jumps (UDP & TCP) as in
AP-scenario, but less likely– Higher average throughput
• No significant differences between WinXP (WidComm-Stack) and Linux (BlueZ-Stack)
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Slide 18 of 21
Conclusions - Questions
• Conclusion:– Many factors could cause the throughput-
dropdown– Difficult to analyze TCP performance lacks, if
underlying behaviour unclear– To get deeper understandings, packet trace
tool for Baseband is needed
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References
• Project WebSite: http://kom.aau.dk/~dennis/
• IPLab WebSite: http://kom.aau.dk/iplab/
• RFCs : RFC791 (IP), RFC793 (TCP), a.o.http://www.ietf.org/
• Bluetooth Specificationhttp://www.bluetooth.org/
• eMail: [email protected]
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Slide 20 of 21
Thanks for listening!
Any Questions?
Yes, i have some...
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Slide 21 of 21
Questions
• How to figure out, which Bluetooth device is master, which is slave (role switching)?
• How to figure out, which packet types are used (DM, DF, AUX) ?
• How to figure out, if master/slave uses „Channel quality driven data rate change” and when it affects the channel
• How to figure out, how “Flow Control” on baseband level is influencing the throughput?
=> Is it possible to trace packets at Baseband level?
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Slide 22 of 21
Backup
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Adhoc UDP Connection over Bluetooth
• Scenario Parameters– MN 1: 2.6 GHz-P4 512MB
RAM, WinXP, Belkin Class2 BT USB Adapter
– MN 2: 266MHz-P 64MB RAM, WinXP, Belkin Class2 BT USB Adapter
– Supposed Master: MN 1– Supposed Slave: MN 2– Application Profile: PAN– Distance MN1->MN2: 1m– Sending duration: 10sec– UDP payload-size: 1470 bytes– UDP Bandwith: 700kBit/s
(Application Layer Bandwith)
Mobile Node 1(supposed Master)
Mobile Node 2(supposed Slave)
UDP Downstream
UDP Upstream
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Adhoc UDP Connection over Bluetooth - Downstream
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Adhoc UDP Connection over Bluetooth - Upstream
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Adhoc UDP Connection over Bluetooth - Comparison
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Adhoc TCP Connection over Bluetooth
• Scenario Parameters– MN 1: 2.6 GHz-P4 512MB
RAM, WinXP, Belkin Class2 BT USB Adapter
– MN 2: 266MHz-P 64MB RAM, WinXP, Belkin Class2 BT USB Adapter
– Supposed Master: MN 1– Supposed Slave: MN 2– Application Profile: PAN– Distance MN1->MN2: 1m– Sending duration: 10sec– Standard WinXP TCP
Implementation– TCP Window Size: 8kByte
Mobile Node 1(supposed Master)
Mobile Node 2(supposed Slave)
TCP Downstream
TCP Upstream
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Adhoc TCP Connection over Bluetooth – Comparison US/DS
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Slide 29 of 21
Adhoc TCP Connection over Bluetooth
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Slide 30 of 21
Current IPLab network architectureIP LAB: Current Architecture
Delft
Internet
Toronto
Frankfurt
Shanghai
Sydney Dhaka
Tokyo
San Francisco 130.225.51.6
10.10.1.210.10.2.2
10.10.2.1 10.10.1.1
Aalborg
10.10.2.254
Istanbul10.10.4.2
10.10.1.254
Shanghai
10.10.3.254
10.10.254.254
Toronto10.10.3.1
GPRS Network
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Single TCP Connection over Bluetooth - Scenario
10.10.1.X
Tokyo DelftAalborg
China
Mobile Node
Toronto
Server
10.10.3.254
8 MBit/s 8 MBit/s
100 MBit/s
100 MBit/s100 MBit/s
Shanghai
100 MBit/s
Fixed Host Mobile HostRouter Switch BT AP
Legend:
Network Setup: • Scenario Parameters:– MN: 2.6 GHz-P4 512MB
RAM, SuSE Linux 9.0 (Kernel 2.4.21-166), BlueZ Stack (Lib 2.5, SDP 1.5, PAN 1.1)
– AP: BlipNet BlipNode L1– Master: AP– Slave: Mobile Node– Application Profile: PAN– Distance AP->MN: 1m– Server: PPro 166Mhz, 32MB
RAM, running Redhat 7.3– Sending duration: 30sec– Standard TCP
Implementations– TCP Window Size: 8kByte
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Single TCP Connection over Bluetooth (Linux)