SLEEPING

DISORDERS(SOMN

IPATHY)

D R . ED W I N

A. M

E N G U I TO , F

P PA

SLEEPING DISORDERS(SOMNIPATHY)- Is a medical disorder of the sleep

patterns of a person or animal. Some sleep disoders are serious enough to interfere with normal physical, mental and emotional functioning.

- Circadian Rhythm is a roughly 24-hour cycle in the biochemical, physiological or behavioral processes of living entities.

COMMON CAUSES OF SLEEP DISORDERS:AnxietyPainEnvironmental noiseVarious drugs- many drugs can affect the

ratio of the various stages of sleep, thus affecting the overall quality of sleep

Drug withdrawal can lead to loss of ability to get to sleep and can last for several days to weeks

COMMON SLEEP DISORDERS:1. Snoring and Sleep Apnea: snoring is not a disorder in and of itself, but it can be a symptom of deeper problems. Snoring may seem benign, but it may represent a difficulty in keeping the throat open while one sleeps. It has a more serious companion, sleep apnea.

Sleep apnea is a chronic medical condition where the affected person repeatedly stops breathing during sleep. These episodes last 10 seconds or more and cause oxygen levels in the blood to drop. It can be caused by obstruction of the upper airway, resulting in obstructive sleep apnea, or by a failure of the brain to initiate a breath, called central sleep apnea. It can cause and worsen other medical condition, including hypertension, heart failure, and diabetes.

2. InsomniaAn inability to obtain a

sufficient amount of sleep to feel rested and can be characterized either by difficulty falling or staying asleep. It is the most common sleep disorder, with many potential causes

3. Bruxisminvoluntarily grinding or

clenching of the teeth while sleeping

4. Hypopnea syndromeAbnormally shallow breathing or

slow respiratory rate while sleeping

5. Night terror, Pavor nocturnus/sleep terror disorder

abrupt awakening from sleep with behavior consistent with terror

6. Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD)

Sudden involuntary movement of arms and/or legs during sleep, for example kicking the legs. Also known as nocturnal myoclonus.

7. Sleepwalking or somnambulismEngaging in activities that are

normally associated with wakefulness (such as eating or dressing), which may include walking, without the conscious knowledge of the subject.

8. NocturiaA frequent need to get up and

go to the bathroom to urinate at night. It differs from Enuresis, or bed-wetting, in which the person does not arouse from sleep, but the bladder nevertheless empties.

9. Sleep paralysisCharacterized by a temporary

inability to move while transitioning from sleep to wakefulness, such as when falling asleep or waking up. It may be frightening as one may seem to be awake, but unable to move.

10. Jet lagA temporary condition

caused by rapid travel across time zones – as may occur with jet trips – and may leave an individual experiencing fatigue, insomnia, nausea, or other symptoms as a result of the internal circadian rhythm, or body clock, being misaligned with local time.