SlaverySlavery By the end of Huck Finn, By the end of Huck Finn,

Huck sees Jim as a human Huck sees Jim as a human being: a whole person, not a being: a whole person, not a piece of property.piece of property.

This is monumental due to This is monumental due to the culture in which Huck the culture in which Huck grew up. grew up.

Let’s return to the Let’s return to the Declaration of Independence:Declaration of Independence:

“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.”

Yet, the Constitutional Convention contradicted that premise.

SlaverySlavery In Artiicle 1, Section 2, In Artiicle 1, Section 2,

paragraph 3, the “three-paragraph 3, the “three-fifths compromise” fifths compromise” between Southern and between Southern and Northern states dictated Northern states dictated that only three-fifths of the that only three-fifths of the slave population was slave population was counted for taxation counted for taxation purposes and purposes and representation in Congress.representation in Congress.

Counting slaves as part of Counting slaves as part of the population rather than the population rather than as property would give the as property would give the Southern states more Southern states more political clout.political clout.

SlaverySlavery This doesn’t necessarily This doesn’t necessarily

mean that a slave was only mean that a slave was only seen as three-fifths of a seen as three-fifths of a person.person.

But it surely turns the ideal But it surely turns the ideal that “all men are created that “all men are created equal” into a gray area at equal” into a gray area at best.best.

The three-fifths compromise The three-fifths compromise was rendered moot by the was rendered moot by the 1414thth Amendment, Section 2, Amendment, Section 2, adopted July 9, 1868.adopted July 9, 1868.

This was three years after This was three years after the end of the bloodiest war the end of the bloodiest war in American history.in American history.

““Why We’re Still Fighting Why We’re Still Fighting the Civil War”: the Civil War”: By David Von DrehleBy David Von Drehle

MythsMyths States’ rights were the States’ rights were the

motivating force for the war, motivating force for the war, not slavery.not slavery.

Only the South profited from Only the South profited from slavery.slavery.

““Lost Cause”: the Lost Cause”: the Antebellum South was one Antebellum South was one of noble cavaliers, brilliant of noble cavaliers, brilliant generals, and happy slaves, generals, and happy slaves, all faithful to a glorious lost all faithful to a glorious lost cause.cause.

The goal for millions of The goal for millions of Union soldiers was to free Union soldiers was to free the slaves.the slaves.

““Why We’re Still Fighting Why We’re Still Fighting the Civil War”the Civil War”

TruthsTruths ““It was slavery that It was slavery that

had broken one had broken one nation in two and nation in two and fated its people to fated its people to fight over whether it fight over whether it could be put back could be put back together again.”together again.”

Founding Fathers Founding Fathers saw the whole thing saw the whole thing coming.coming.

““Why We’re Still Fighting Why We’re Still Fighting the Civil War”the Civil War”

RealitiesRealities War still being waged in War still being waged in

some ways.some ways. Confederate History Month Confederate History Month

proclamation in Virginia proclamation in Virginia did not even mention did not even mention slavery.slavery.

Frequent fights to get Frequent fights to get Confederate flags removed Confederate flags removed from Southern state from Southern state capitols.capitols.

““The Civil War gave us, to The Civil War gave us, to an unmatched degree, the an unmatched degree, the nation we became.”nation we became.”

““Why We’re Still Fighting Why We’re Still Fighting the Civil War”the Civil War”

Quick reviewQuick review Allusion: a brief Allusion: a brief

reference to a person, reference to a person, event, place, or phrase event, place, or phrase outside of a story that outside of a story that the writer assumes the the writer assumes the reader will recognize. reader will recognize.

An allusive reference An allusive reference can be real or fictional.can be real or fictional.

A literary allusion A literary allusion refers to another refers to another written work, art piece, written work, art piece, book, etc.book, etc.

““Why We’re Still Fighting Why We’re Still Fighting the Civil War”the Civil War”

AllusionsAllusions John BrownJohn Brown Jefferson DavisJefferson Davis Ulysses S. GrantUlysses S. Grant Ku Klux KlanKu Klux Klan ““A boy from A boy from

Mississippi goes to Mississippi goes to California to make a California to make a movie called “Blue movie called “Blue Hawaii”Hawaii”

Gone With The WindGone With The Wind: An Epic : An Epic NovelNovel

Margaret Mitchell wrote the book Margaret Mitchell wrote the book in a one-room apartment on in a one-room apartment on Peachtree Street in Atlanta; now Peachtree Street in Atlanta; now houses the Margaret Mitchell houses the Margaret Mitchell House and Museum.House and Museum.

Published in June, 1936; awarded Published in June, 1936; awarded Pulitzer Prize in 1937. Pulitzer Prize in 1937.

Best-selling novel in history.Best-selling novel in history. From writer Pat Conroy:From writer Pat Conroy: ““Margaret Mitchell was a partisan Margaret Mitchell was a partisan

of the first rank, and there has of the first rank, and there has never been a defense of the never been a defense of the plantation South so implacable in plantation South so implacable in its cold righteousness or its its cold righteousness or its resolute belief that the wrong side resolute belief that the wrong side had surrendered at Appomattox had surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse.”Courthouse.”

Mitchell writes of the Confederacy Mitchell writes of the Confederacy “as Paradise, as the ruined “as Paradise, as the ruined garden looked back upon by a garden looked back upon by a stricken and exiled Eve, stricken and exiled Eve, disconsolate with loss.” disconsolate with loss.”

Gone With The Wind: A War Gone With The Wind: A War NovelNovel

From Conroy: “It is the From Conroy: “It is the South as an occupied nation South as an occupied nation that forms the heart of this that forms the heart of this not impartial novel.not impartial novel.

It is the song of the fallen, It is the song of the fallen, sung in lower key by the sung in lower key by the women who had to pick up women who had to pick up the pieces of a fractured the pieces of a fractured society when their sons and society when their sons and husbands returned with husbands returned with their causes in their throats, their causes in their throats, when the final battle cry when the final battle cry was sounded.was sounded.

To Southerners, ‘Gone With To Southerners, ‘Gone With The Wind’ was not just a The Wind’ was not just a book; it was an answer, a book; it was an answer, a clenched fist raised to the clenched fist raised to the North, an anthem of North, an anthem of defiance.”defiance.”

Gone With The Wind: A Gone With The Wind: A Woman’s TaleWoman’s Tale

Mitchell leaves the battlefields Mitchell leaves the battlefields of Gettysburg and Vicksburg, of Gettysburg and Vicksburg, Bull Run and Antietam, to the Bull Run and Antietam, to the others, and places the Civil others, and places the Civil War in the middle of Scarlett War in the middle of Scarlett O’Hara’s living room.O’Hara’s living room.

It is Scarlett O’Hara herself It is Scarlett O’Hara herself who represents the who represents the unimaginable changes that unimaginable changes that war has wrought on all war has wrought on all Southerners.Southerners.

““Gone With The Wind” tells Gone With The Wind” tells the whole story of a lost the whole story of a lost society through the eyes of a society through the eyes of a single woman, and that single woman, and that woman proves match enough woman proves match enough for a world at war, an army of for a world at war, an army of occupation, and every man occupation, and every man who enters those sugared who enters those sugared realms of her attraction.realms of her attraction.

Gone With The Wind: Fast Film Gone With The Wind: Fast Film FactsFacts

Date of releaseDate of release Dec. 15, 1939 Dec. 15, 1939   ProducerProducer David O. SelznickDavid O. Selznick

DirectorDirector Victor FlemingVictor Fleming  Setting:Setting: (Time)  The Civil War and first part of the (Time)  The Civil War and first part of the

Reconstruction EraReconstruction Era (Place) Atlanta, Georgia and the surrounding (Place) Atlanta, Georgia and the surrounding

countryside; one scene in New Orleans and countryside; one scene in New Orleans and one in London.one in London.

  Protagonist: Protagonist: Southern belle Scarlett O’Hara Southern belle Scarlett O’Hara 

Major conflictMajor conflict: : Scarlett struggles to survive and prosper Scarlett struggles to survive and prosper

during the Civil War and Reconstruction Era.during the Civil War and Reconstruction Era.

Gone With The WindGone With The Wind

From this viewing, you will be From this viewing, you will be expected to:expected to:

Identify the main characters; their Identify the main characters; their traits, actions, importance to the story.traits, actions, importance to the story.– How are they related to each other? How are they related to each other? – What is their family situation?What is their family situation?– What are their professions?What are their professions?– How do they influence the behavior of How do they influence the behavior of

others?others?

Gone With The WindGone With The Wind

Track how the characters change: Are Track how the characters change: Are they static or dynamic?they static or dynamic?

Demonstrate the importance of key Demonstrate the importance of key scenes and their importance in the plot.scenes and their importance in the plot.

Understand context of the story and its Understand context of the story and its modern relevance.modern relevance.– Know basics of debate surrounding the Civil Know basics of debate surrounding the Civil

War, then and now.War, then and now.– Understand the film’s place in historyUnderstand the film’s place in history

Gone With The WindGone With The Wind

Identify key concepts in the Identify key concepts in the supplemental readings.supplemental readings.

Fill out viewing guides during the Fill out viewing guides during the viewing and be prepared to discuss viewing and be prepared to discuss them.them.

View the film through different View the film through different lenses, including racial and feminist.lenses, including racial and feminist.