Sizes and weight - Paneles contralaminados CLT y CLT MIX ... · 8 egoin timber construction Sizes...

8 egointimber construction

Sizes and weight

Sizes

Maximum length: 14,000mm.

Maximum width: 3,800mm.

Typical thicknesses: EGO_CLT™ - 60mm to 225mm.

EGO_CLT MIX™ - 190 to 330mm.

(Note: Special sizes are available on request)

Weight

The density of the timber used in the panels ranges from 400 to 500 Kg/m3. The weight of each panel will

depend on density and size. A typical cross laminated panel of 10,000x250x120mm has an approximate weight

of 1,500Kg; however they can range from 100Kg the lightest panel and 7,000 Kg the heaviest.

Our choice of wood species

- Picea abies, or Spruce. It has a light white colour, and a density of 400Kg/m3.

- Pseudotzuga menziessi, commonly known as Douglas Fir. Density of 520Kg/m3, reddish coloured heartwoo

and matt white sapwood.

- Insignis Pine or Radiata Pine. Matt white colour and 500kg/m3 density.- Larix europeusor or European Larch. Wheat coloured, sometimes with a reddish background; and a density of 550 Kg/m3.

Other wood species are available on request.

technical data

Wide range of qualities available

Insignis pine Red spruce Douglas fir European larch

9egointimber construction

Mechanical properties and visual classification

Mechanical properties

Timber boards used to manufacture the panels correspond to a stress grade C24 according to EN 338 and S10

to DIN 4070. This means the panels have a bending strength of 24N/mm2 and a Modulus of elasticity of

11,000 N/mm2.

Intermediate layers fabricated with C16 and C18 graded boards can be used in panels that require dimensional

strength in only one direction.

The layers subjected to bending, tension or compression stresses are fabricated employing the highest graded

boards.

The internal transverse layers work under shear stress; they are only under bending stress in two-way spanning

cases such as transverse cantilevers.

Visual Quality

EGO_ CLT™ and EGO_CLT MIX™ timber panels can be finished in two qualities: industrial and visible.

- Industrial quality for unexposed panels that will be covered with other lining materials, e.g. plasterboard.

· The layers of non-visible quality are manufactured with C24 lamellas according to EN 338. According to

ETA-09/0036, a maximum content of 10% of C16 stress graded lamellas in the panels is allowed.

· Differences in colour, branch knots, bark growth and resin stains are permitted.

· Traces of dirt and glue can remain in the panels after the fabrication process.

- Visual quality: To be used in exposed floor slabs, walls and/or roofs.

· Smooth and clean polished surfaces.

· Selected lamellas from high quality branches with fine resin.

The lamellas are classified visually to the required grade.

Wood is a natural product. Despite our efforts in selecting the highest quality wood, some minor defects can

appear after the gluing process.

technical data


Finishes

Egoin has a wide range of varnished finishes and paints available to apply to visible quality panels.

We can customize the panel’s outer layer with specially profiled boards, for aesthetical purposes or to comply

with special specifications, e.g. acoustics.

Glued lamellas

The lamellas used for the panels adjust their size to the thickness of the panels:

- 20mm thick x 40,170 and 200mm wide.

- 27mm thick x140, 170 and 200mm wide.

- 33mm thick x140, 170 and 200mm wide.

Moisture content

Timber moisture content during manufacturing must range between 10% and 14%.

technical data

Egoin manufacturing unit


Gluing surfaces

Timber lamellas and boards will have their surfaces planed to constant sections with tolerances of less than

0,5mm in thickness and ± 2mm in width, before gluing.

Surfaces must be brushed and free of dust or any material that could affect the glue performance.

Used glues

technical data

Gluing of lamellas

The glue used to finger join lamellas is

a polyurethane adhesive, solvent and

formaldehyde free (Purbond HB S049).

Characteristics:

- Base solution: Isocyanate Prepolymer

- Colour: Beige

- Colourless joint

- Solid contents: 100% free of fibres and

abrasives

- Density: 1,16kg/litre

- Fire resistant

Gluing of layers

The glue is a monocomponent polyurethane

adhesive, solvent and formaldehyde

free. (PURBOND HB S709).

Characteristics:

- Base: Isocyanate Prepolymer

- Colour: Beige

- Colourless joint

- Solid contents: 100% free of fibres and

abrasives

- Density: 1,16kg/litre

- Combustion risk: Flame resistant

Environmental conditions in the manufacturing unit

The environmental conditions required for an optimal

bonding are as follows:

- Temperature: 15 ºC to 28ºC.

- Humidity: 55% to 70% relative humidity.

Panel pressing

The press is 14m long, 3,8m wide and can press

panels with a maximum thickness of 360mm.

The pressure applied to the panels is 9TN/m2.

Egoin manufacturing unit


Panel fixings

Panels are fixed using 8, 10 and 12mm diameter screws, up to 500mm long.

Bolts and screws

We use large screws to connect panels together as well as to other timber structures. Among the great number

of screws with specific characteristics, these are the ones we generally employ:

Hexagonal headed screws For fixing steel brackets to panels. The hexagonal head and

thicker neck are for the contact with the steel element.

Usually 8 or 10mm in diameter, 60mm to 240mm in length.

Convex washerhead screwsUsed to connect panels with external battens attached.

This flat 24mm diameter screw ensures full embedment without

cracking the timber. They are used mainly used for roof slabs

with preinstalled battens which are then used for fixing through.

Standard sizes: 8 and 10mm diameter, 80 to 400mm long.

Flat washerhead screws This 22mm diameter washer headed screw is used for

panel-panel joints. They have a high resistance to embedment and

their flat head makes a flat connection surface for a better rendering.

Sizes: 8, 10 and 12mm diameter; 120mm to 500mm long.

Countersunk screwsThey “disappear” inside the timber panel and are used when

the fixings are to be hidden. Their head can be fully concealed

either by plastering the recess created or with timber plugs.

technical data

Fixing calculations

A table showing the pull-out and shear resistance of screws is available upon request. The thicknesses of the

timbers panel will determine the diameter and length of screws.

Vertical walls fixings use 10mm diameter screws. Fixings of floor slabs and roofs use 8mm diameter screws.

The minimum screw penetration into the panel is 60mm (which is usually the thread length) although it should

never be more than the thickness of the panel it is connected to. As a rule of thumb, the depth of the threaded

part must be between 60 and 100mm (typically 80mm). Therefore, the total length of the screw will be the

thickness of the panel to be connected plus an 80mm penetration into the second panel.

screws every 250mm


Angle brackets and steel fixings

Whenever it is not possible to fix the panels

with screws, the alternative is to use steel

angle brackets, certified to that specific use.

These L-shaped brackets are 40 to 50mm long

on one side and 100 to 140mm on the other

side. They are fixed to slabs with hexagonal

headed screws and to walls with ring shank

nails, usually 4mm diameter and 45mm.

Number of fasteners

Two cases must be differentiated:

panels for onsite assembly and

assembly of prefabricated modules.

The number of connectors

necessary for panels for on-site assembly is calculated as follows:

- Vertical joints: 4 screws per 2,5m to 3,2m high panel.

- Horizontal joints: 3 connectors every 2,50m of panel,

approximately one connector every 1200-1250mm.

The number of connections per unit of panel length required in modular construction is higher due to

the heavy weight of the modules; between 3000 and 12000kg each (depending on sizes and fittings).

- For bottom or floor panel: 4 x diameter 10mm screws per linear m.

- For top or cover panel: 2 x diameter 10mm screws per linear m.

- For vertical joints: 2 x diameter 10mm screws per linear m.

Treatment of metallic elements

- Double chrome electrolytic plating: with its characteristic yellow colour, it is applied to prevent corrosion of

metallic components used indoors.

- Zinc coating: electrolytic treatment known as electro galvanized. It has a characteristic shiny silver colour. With

a fine coat, it is adequate to use indoors in non corrosive environments.

- Hot galvanising: treatment by immersion, it gives a zinc coating with resistant enough withstand years in the

most extreme weather, even saline.

- Stainless steel: it is not a treatment but a material per se. Suited for small screws, mainly used for the outer

layers. Not suitable for structures due to its poor mechanical properties.

technical data


Building uses of the EGO_CLT™ and EGO_CLT MIX™ panels

Cross laminated timber panels can be used in almost all parts of a building: Walls, floor slabs, roofs, staircases

and even shafts for new construction or rehabilitation.

EGO_CLT™ and EGO_CLT MIX™ solid timber panels can be perfectly combined with other construction

materials.

Their high strength allows not only building dream single family houses but also building semi-detached

dwellings and multi storey residential flats, commercial and industrial buildings, education and administration

buildings, sport centres, industrial units etc.

Timber has excellent mechanical, acoustic and thermal properties. It also has a great ecological value: it’s the

only construction material to be truly renewable. With a low energy consumption during its manufacture, timber

keeps sequestrated the CO2 that the tree absorbed during the lifespan of the building, acting as a carbon sink.

Because of this, timber buildings have a low environmental impact.

technical data

Nursery in Segura (Gipuzkoa)


External walls

Usually 3 or 5 layer EGO_CLT™ panels are recommended, depending on loads.

For up to 3 storey buildings, 3-layer panels are sufficient. Panel thicknesses for these cases range between

60 and 120mm. The panels are usually placed with their outer layers’ boards vertically oriented in order to

support the vertical loads.

For higher buildings (up to 8 storeys) panels with 5 and 7 layers are recommended, with a thickness of up to

200mm.

EGO_ CLT™ wall panels can have a maximum length of 14m and a maximum height of 8m.

Window and door openings and service conducts are cut with our CNC machinery.

When the height of each storey is more than 3,8m the panels are then placed vertically. Installing the panels

vertically allows building 14m high walls, 3,8m wide. This is especially useful to build lift shafts which can be

preassembled and transported on site in one piece. For higher shafts, more panels can be added on top, up to

the required height.

Internal walls

Panels for internal walls (load bearing and party walls) are manufactured in thicknesses from 60mm to 165mm.

They can be manufactured to industrial quality and get plastered on site or to visible quality and be left exposed.

Party walls

Walls between different dwellings are built using two EGO_ CLT™ panels. Sound insulation is added between

the panels for sound proofing.

Floor slabs and mezzanines

Both EGO_ CLT™ and EGO_CLT MIX™ panels can be used as floor slabs; the latter already has built-in

insulation for better acoustic and thermal performances.

The floor slab thickness must be calculated according to the project´s spans and design loads. Panels of 3, 5

or 7 layers are usually placed with their outer layer’s boards running parallel to the span direction.

Panels of 5 layers or more have a high transverse structural strength; this is very useful for building staircases

and cantilevers.

Floor panels can be manufactured with the bottom outer layer finished to industrial quality if it is not to be left

exposed. For exposed uses such as ceilings a “visible quality” finish is recommended.

All sorts of flooring systems and materials can be placed directly onto the timber panel, including under floor

heating. Fixings can also be installed from above for a collaborating concrete floor.

technical data


technical data

Roof slabsCross laminated timber panels are perfectly suitable for building flat, gabled, single-pitched and hip roofs.

Special roof shapes are also feasible.

Our roof panels can be manufactured with the bottom outer layer finished to industrial quality if it is not to be

left exposed. For exposed uses such as ceilings a “visible quality” finish is recommended.

A slopping roof panel will have the insulation installed on its top; then it will be covered with a waterproofing

membrane and finally roof finishes. All sorts of materials can be used for cladding: slates, tiles, timber shakes,

zinc or copper sheets, corrugated steel, etc.

Flat roofs are protected from water with an EPDM waterproofing membrane or similar on top of which the

roof finishes are placed: gravel, green roof etc.

Modular construction

The EGO_CLT™ and EGO_CLT MIX™ panels are the ideal choice for modular construction. We offer a wide ran-

ge of use and design possibilities for our in-house manufactured modules. As isolated, self-contained functio-

nal units they are used as camping bungalows, kiosks, mobile offices, garden studios, washroom facilities,

garden studios, etc. They are also employed in large volumetric construction projects for schools, hospitals,

libraries, etc.

The modules are designed, manufactured and finished in our premises; then they are transported ready to be

assembled onsite.

Eco-friendly ensuite unit


technical data

EGO_CLT™ and EGO_CLT MIX™ prefabricated timber paneled construction sequence:

Storage and handling of the solid timber panels:

EGO_CLT™ and EGO_CLT MIX™ cross laminated timber panels are big in size and weight; therefore their

handling must be carried out under controlled conditions.

In the fabrication process, the panels are pressed horizontally and kept in the same position for the CNC

cutting and finishing stages.

They are then stored in the warehouse, classified in two groups:

1. Wall panels

2. Floor and roof panels

1.- Walls

When the panels are ready, they are put on a platform; then this is loaded into the lorry by two overhead

cranes. The platforms and panels are then secured for on-site transportation.

Transport is carried out by means of 2 hook-up points for panels with a maximum weight of 2,500 Kg. and

The process of transforming wood into a building is summarized below:

• Selection and cutting of lamellas.

• Panel fabrication: gluing and pressing.

• CNC panel cutting and panel finishing.

• Panel on site transportation (road freight).

• On site assembly of the panels.


Once on site, the panels are unloaded by a crane. Each panel counts with at least two lifting points (four lifting

points for panels heavier than 2,500Kg).

Lifting points and anchorage:

The system is composed of the following elements:

- A diameter 70mm, 30mm long hole in the panel.

- An 11x250mm fully threaded self-tapping screw.

- A ring that connects the screw head to the clamp.

The lifting points’ layout is carefully designed and adjusted at the top of the panel, so it remains horizontal when

lifted.

technical data

Panel with two lifting points:

Each point has a capacity of holding

1300Kg; panels under 2500Kg need

two anchors.

ANCHORAGES FOR VERTICAL PANEL LIFTING

Description: The elements are made of zinc-plated steel. Clamps are used to secure the screw head in the panel. This system can be used with axial and transverse loads. Recommended screws: VGS 0 11 x min. 250mm.

Hoisting: It must be done in the panel bearing direction

Unlocking: : Release the anchorage rotating the weight-bearing point in the opposite direction.

Important note: Anchors used in the handling of wall panels must be inspected by the health and safety manager.

Panel with four lifting points:

Each point has a capacity of holding

1300Kg; panels over 2500Kg need

four anchors.


technical data

cross laminated timber wall panel


technical data

2. Floor and roof panels

In the panel manufacturing unit panels are transported using an overhead crane and laid on timber beam

supports located every 2,5m. Then, 100mm wide boards are laid every 2,5m in between the panels to keep them

separated from each other, stocking panels up to a total weight of 8 Tones. When this limit is reached, a new set

of support beams is laid on top of the last panel before the next set of panels is loaded. The sets of 120x120mm

beams’ function is to leave space for introducing the metallic crossbeams necessary for the fork lift to handle

each set of panels when loading the truck.

It is very important that panels are piled in the right order, in such a way that the last panel loaded into the lorry

will be the first to be installed on-site, and vice-versa.

The number of screws required per panel will

depend on the panel’s weight:

- up to 500 kg: 4 lifting points with one

8x80mm screw per fixing.

- up to 1000 kg: 4 lifting points with two

8x80mm screws per fixing.

- up to 2000 kg: 4 lifting points with

three 8x80mm screws per fixing.

- up to 3000 kg: 4 lifting points with four

8x80mm screws per fixing.

The lifting points must be positioned around the panel’s centre of gravity so that it horizontal during the lifting

operation.

Lifting points layout recommendations:

- panels of up to 8,00 x 2,50m; distance between the lifting points:

2,00m lengthwise and 1,00 m widthwise.


2,50m lengthwise and 1,35 m widthwise.


3,00m lengthwise and 1,75m widthwise.

Note: The center of the square delimited by the lifting points must coincide with the centre of the panel.

The recommended angle between the pulling chains and the panel is 60º. This angle must always exceed 45º.

System 1 Lifting points

N.B.: the total traction capacity of an 8 x 80 screw is 750 kg/unit: Note: the tension limit for a 8 x 80mm screw is 750 kg. After security coefficient of 3 is applied, the final capacity is 259 kg.


This system employs four “C-clamps” with a

screw on each. These are mostly used to load

panels onto the lorry.

There are different configurations depending

on the panel thickness using the same c-clamp

model.

This system is suitable for lifting heavy panels of

up to 8,000Kg in weight.

- panel thickness < 120 mm: The screw fixes the panel to the clamp.

- panel thickness = 120 mm: The clamp is attached straight to the panel.

- panel thickness > 120 mm: A 40x150x60mm slot is CNC cut on the panel edge

in order to attach the C-clamp.

Panels are lifted and transported horizontally

across the factory with a vacuum lifter.

This is a quick and clean system for lifting

and transporting up to 850 kg panels during

fabrication and machining stages. The sucking

devise is placed in the centre of the panel, close

to its centre of gravity.

For conventional horizontal road freight transport

of panels, the maximum panel length is 13,60m

and the maximum width is 2,50m. If panels are to

be transported vertically, the height of the lorry’s

trailer must be known. The typical lorry trailer

platform height is 1.45m from the ground; this

similarly limits the panel maximum width to 2.50m.

If bigger panel sizes are to be transported, Egoin counts with special vehicles that can transport 18x3,5m

panels.

Egoin recommends that all panels are designed with lengths under 13,6m and widths under 3,0m, designing

widths of 3,8m only in exceptional cases.

technical data

System 2 C clamps on panel edges

System 3 Vacuum lifter


Handling and assembly of EGO_CLT™ and EGO_CLT MIX™ panels

Once on-site, the panels are lifted and put in place directly from the lorry. Using a crane, wall panels are lifted

vertically using chain slings that pull from the panel lifting points.

Floor and roof panels are lifted horizontally using a four-chain sling and four clamps.

There are different options for lifting panels on-site:

- Use a lorry crane.

- Use a mobile crane for large, heavy panels or when distances or heights are significant.

Also, multi-storey buildings or major construction sites.

- Use a site crane.

Once in place, the panels are fixed together with metal brackets and screws. Vertical panels are plumbed

using turnbuckle bracings screwed to floor and wall.

technical data


Basic instructions

Panel sizing and definition

The type and size of Egoin cross laminated timber panels is subjected to the project’s structural and acoustic

requirements.

Despite EGO_CLT™ and EGO_CLT MIX™ panels being suitable to build walls and floors, for best timber

optimisation Egoin recommends the use of EGO_CLT™ in walls and EGO_CLT MIX™ in floors and roof slabs.

Timber panel finishes (e.g. a fire retardant treatment, acoustic/thermal insulation, ducting holes) are specified

in the design stage prior to panel fabrication. This avoids costly last minute design changes and mistakes, and

on site works is simplified.

Panel linings and renderings like plaster boards, timber battens and wall coatings can also be applied in our

factory.

Moisture protection

Direct contact between timber panels and water must be avoided at all times. Critical points must be properly

designed and finished in order to avoid any possible deterioration of the wood.

Wall on concrete foundation: a 10-20mm high upstand or concrete mortar bed is required as panel support.

An asphalt-aluminium membrane must be installed where both materials meet to avoid moisture passing from

the concrete foundation to the timber panel.

External finishes: Moisture must not penetrate through to the timber panel.

If the façade is rendered i.e. the façade elements are directly fixed onto the panel (a non-ventilated façade),

the outer layer must be totally waterproof and be able to breathe (vapour permeable). There are numerous

products specific for these systems; those not certified should be avoided.

When building a ventilated façade e.g. cladded in timber, laminated boards, tiles, slates etc. a waterproof

breathable membrane must be installed, vapour permeable. In humid interiors such as kitchens, bathrooms

and toilets a waterproof breathable membrane sheet should be installed between the timber panel and the

floor and wall lining.

Fire resistance

Fire effects on cross laminated timber panels are considered at the design stage. A charring ratio of

s0.7mm/min is applied and the panel is calculated considering the resulting reduced section. The time required

to extinguish a fire in a building depends on the building type.

EGO_CLT™ and EGO_CLT MIX™ solid timber panels have a high tested resistance to fire. In cases where the

panel fire resistance does not comply with the fire safety requirements, additional protection can be provided

by covering the panels with plaster boards or other approved materials.

technical data


Acoustics

All the EGO_CLT™ and EGO_CLT MIX™ cross laminated timber panels comply with the latest regulations on

acoustic insulation, such as the new CTE DB-HR (Technical Building Code) or French regulation NRA-1992.

Despite the panel’s low density the airborne and impact noise insulation achieved is very high. This is mainly

thanks to an intelligent structural design that mechanically isolates the outer layers and prevents direct and

flanking sound transmission across the structure.

The materials used in the wall cavities (wood fibre, rock wool, etc.) provide the structure with a combination

of high acoustic absorption and low dynamic rigidity. This increases sound insulation and impact sound

absorption across the building.

One of the key advantages of our integrated construction system is that panels leave our factory ready for

assembly and no further treatment of installation is required. This way a high degree of consistency in the

quality of sound insulation is achieved in the building certification tests.

technical data


technical data

School in Tolosa (Gipuzkoa)

Sizes and weight - Paneles contralaminados CLT y CLT MIX ... · 8 egoin timber construction Sizes...

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