Situation of Children with Intellectual Disability in Ethiopia.
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Transcript of Situation of Children with Intellectual Disability in Ethiopia.
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Situation of Children with Intellectual
Disability in Ethiopia
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Presentation Layout
I. Understanding Children with Intellectual Disability
II. Prevalence and etiological issues
III. Developmental effects of intellectual disability
IV. Educational situation of (CwIDs)
V. Early identification & intervention practices
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1. Understanding CwIDs
1.2 CwIDs:AAMR/Definition
1. Intellectual limitations
2. Limitation in adaptive skills
3. Manifests under age 18
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1.2 AAMR/Definition
1.Intellectual limitations
Mild IQ : 50 to 70Moderate IQ :35 to 49Severe IQ :20 to 34Profound IQ : < 20
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1.2 AAMR/Definition
2.Limitation in adaptive skills in two or more of the following:
• Communication & Self-care
• Health & safety
• Functional academics
• Leisure and work
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1.2 AAMR/Definition
3.Manifests before age 18 Manifested during childhood period
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2. Educational understanding CwIDs
Learning characteristics
Educable Trainable Supportable Life support/Self-care training
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3. Causes of intellectual disability
2.1 Organic/Physiological Factors Hereditary (genetic) & hormonal & Metabolic
disorders such as :
Cretinism(Hypothyroidism) Down’s syndrome Hydrocephaly Microcephaly
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3. Causes of intellectual disability
2.2 Cultural-Familiar FactorsEnvironmental influences such as :Child ManagementMalnutrition Psychosocial deprivationLabor complication at delivery Accident(falling down) Severe punishment etc
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4. Onset of intellectual disability in Ethiopia
First 6 years of life
At birth 4 months – 2
years
3 – 6 years Unidentified
23 % 27 % 12 % 58%
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5. Causes of ID in Ethiopia
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6.Developmental profiles of CwIDs
6.1 Cognitive and Language
• Learning Characteristic
• Limitations on attention span, pace of learning, memory, transfer of learning, comparing, imitation, speech and language development etc.
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6. Developmental Profile of CwIDs
6.2 Physical/Motor Characteristics Body awareness in space Basic physical abilities(flexibility, agility,
balance & endurance) Sequential patterns of movement Eye-hand coordination Eye-foot coordination
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.
6.Developmental profiles
of
CwIDs
6.3. Social-emotional Inter-individual variation No particular emotional behavior Poor judgment Agressive Inappropriate behavior
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6.Developmental profiles of CwIDs
6.4 Adaptive behaviors in schoolsLack of school coping behaviors related to attention to learning tasks, Poor social & language skillsPoor self-care skills in personal hygiene and dress, poor maintenance personal belongings, and poor mobility in and about the school.
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7. Educational Situation of CwIDs
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8. Early Intervention Programs
Focus on: Home-based support School-based support
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QUESTIONS TO PONDER
How do people in your community perceive persons with ID? (Anthropology)
How do you understand mental illness and intellectual disability ? What are their specific features? (Psychology)
Discuss the social and interpersonal relations of children with intellectual disability (ID). (Social work and international relations)
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QUESTIONS TO PONDER
1. Discuss the cognitive and academic characteristics of children with intellectual disability . (Education & Pedagogy)
2. Discuss about the adaptive behavior and language development of children with intellectual disability. (Language)
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QUESTIONS TO PONDER
How does motor dysfunction affect the social and interpersonal relationship of children?
What do you understand by barrier free environment? Consider the school and home environment?
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Thank You !!