SITA UK Little Packington LFG · 2020. 12. 26. · Table 5.2 BS8233:1999 Assessment 23 Table C.1...

SITA UK

Little Packington LFG

Noise Assessment

September 2011

AMEC Environment & Infrastructure UK Limited

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Document Revisions

No. Details Date

1 Final Report 11401i2 September 2011

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© AMEC Environment & Infrastructure UK Limited September 2011 Doc Reg No. 30356 1 Final Report 11401i2

Contents

1. Introduction 1

1.1 Background 1

1.2 Proposals 1

1.3 Scope of the Assessment 2

2. Noise Terminology 5

3. Assessment Methodology 7

3.1 Background Noise Monitoring 7

3.2 Building Acoustics Measurements 8

3.3 Existing Turbine Plant 8

3.4 Noise Modelling 9

3.4.1 Noise Modelling Data and Assumptions 9

3.5 Assessment Criteria 11

3.5.1 Existing Planning Condition (Woodbine Cottage) 11

3.5.2 British Standard BS4142:1997 12

3.5.3 British Standard BS8233:1999 12

4. Results 15

4.1 Background Noise Monitoring 15

4.1.1 Location 1: Woodbine Cottage 15

4.1.2 Location 2: The Old Rectory 16

4.1.3 Background Noise Level for Assessment 17

4.2 Existing Turbine Plant 18

4.3 Building Acoustics Measurements 18

4.4 Noise Modelling 19

5. Assessment 21

5.1 Existing Planning Condition 21

5.2 BS4142:1997 21

5.3 BS8233:1999 23

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6. Conclusion 25

Table 2.1 Typical Noise Levels 5 Table 4.1 Summary of Noise Monitoring at Woodbine Cottage 15 Table 4.2 Summary of Noise Monitoring at The Old Rectory 17 Table 4.3 Background Noise Level for Assessment 18 Table 4.4 Summary of Existing Turbine Plant Measurements 18 Table 4.5 Summary of Building Acoustics Measurements 19 Table 4.6 Noise Modelling Results 19 Table 5.1 BS4142:1997 Assessment 22 Table 5.2 BS8233:1999 Assessment 23 Table C.1 Building Acoustics Measurements (averages) 9 Table C.2 Existing Plant Noise Measurements 10

Figure 3.3 3-dimensional View of Noise Model 10 Figure D.1 Received Noise Level at Woodbine Cottage 1 Figure D.2 Received Noise Level at The Old Rectory 2

Figure 3.1 Noise Monitoring Locations After Page 26 Figure 3.2 Existing Plant Noise Measurement Locations After Page 26 Figures Appendix A Future Plan Appendix B Calibration Certificates Appendix C Noise Monitoring and Measurements Appendix D Noise Modelling Results

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1. Introduction

AMEC Environment and Infrastructure UK Limited (AMEC) was commissioned by SITA UK

to undertake a noise assessment for a proposed landfill gas plant at the site of the existing

Packington Power Plant located in Little Packington, Warwickshire. The proposals include the

decommissioning of existing gas and steam turbine plant at the site which will be replaced with

reciprocating spark ignited landfill gas engines.

1.1 Background

The Packington Power Plant is located in Little Packington, Warwickshire approximately 7km

north-east of Solihull. The A446 and M42 are located approximately 1km and 1.6km,

respectively, to the west of the site with the M6 located approximately 2km to the north.

Birmingham International Airport is approximately 4km to the south west of the site.

The site is situated in a mainly rural location with the existing power plant located within the

cutting of a disused railway line. The closest sensitive receptor to the existing plant is Woodbine

Cottage which is located off Packington Lane approximately 200m north of the plant.

Additional noise sensitive receptors, including Brook Farm, are located further north. To the

south, noise sensitive receptors include Rectory Cottage and Church Farm, located

approximately 350m from the site.

The existing plant currently comprises of gas and steam turbines and a compressor housed

within separate buildings. The existing gas turbine plant received planning permission in June

1986 and was installed on site later that year. Condition 5 of the planning consent states that:

“When measured at a distance of 3.6 metres and a height of 1.5 metres from the

nearest rear main wall of Woodbine Cottage… the increase in noise levels from

the generator house, when measured as 60 minute LAeq shall not exceed 5 dB(A)

above existing background noise levels”

In 1992, a steam turbine was added to the plant complement on site. Based upon a noise survey

and assessment undertaken prior to the installation of the steam turbine, it is understood that

noise levels at Woodbine Cottage should not exceed a limit of 40 dB LAeq, 1hr.

As part of the installation of the steam turbine, an acoustic enclosure was designed to ensure

that noise levels from the operation of both turbines would not exceed the 40 dB(A) limit. Since

the installation of the steam turbine, there have been no significant changes to the plant layout.

1.2 Proposals

SITA UK is proposing to replace the existing turbine plant at the Packington site with several

reciprocating spark ignited landfill gas engines. In preparing their proposals, SITA UK has

considered several engine options and various configurations with regard to the location and

configuration of the engines at the site.

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The assessment presented in this report relates to the proposed turbine replacement (presented in

Appendix A) which comprises of the following proposals:

• Decommissioning of the existing gas and steam turbine plant, and associated

ancillary plant (such as cooling fans and compressors);

• Installation of up to 4 No. reciprocating spark ignited landfill gas engines located to

the south of the boiler house in place of the existing condensing fans. The gas

engines will comprise entirely of Jenbacher 320 units housed in acoustic

containers;

• Installation of up to 4 No. Jenbacher 320 reciprocating spark ignited landfill gas

engines located within the existing boiler house building. These engines will be

housed in acoustic compartments and will vent their exhaust gasses through the

existing boiler house stack; and

• Heat dump cooling fans for the internal engines can not be located within the boiler

house and so in order to reduce noise, SITA are proposing them on the current gas

turbine house.

No major structural alterations to the existing buildings are proposed however some ventilation

louvers may be inserted into the facades of the building to assist cooling. All louvers are

presented in Appendix A.

It should be noted that SITA UK also propose to install a gas treatment system which will

involve passing the LFG through activated carbon or through custom designed filter media. The

gas cleaning system will be installed partly within the existing compressor house and partly in

the position currently occupied by the compressor gas coolers.

1.3 Scope of the Assessment

The assessment presented in this report has been undertaken to the following scope of works:

• Background noise measurements at the nearest sensitive receptors in the vicinity of

the existing power plant, including Woodbine Cottage;

• Noise measurements of the existing turbine plant at selected locations outside

existing boiler house, compressor room and gas turbine house;

• Building acoustic measurements to establish the noise insulation of the existing

boiler house;

• Noise modelling of the proposals described in Section 1.2 using computational

noise modelling software;

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• Assessment of the proposals in accordance with:

- Existing planning conditions;

- British Standard 4142:1997 ‘Method for rating industrial noise affecting mixed

residential and industrial areas’; and

- British Standard 8233:1999 ‘Sound insulation and noise reduction for

buildings’.

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2. Noise Terminology

The ratio between the quietest audible sound and the loudest tolerable sound is a million to one

in terms of the change in sound pressure. Due to this wide range, a logarithmic scale is used in

noise level measurement. This is the decibel (dB) scale, which extends from 0 to 140 dB,

corresponding to the intensity of the sound pressure level. The ear has the ability to recognise a

particular sound depending on the pitch or frequencies found at the source. Microphones cannot

differentiate noise in the same way as the ear and, to counter this weakness, the noise

measurement instrument applies a correction to correspond more closely to the frequency

response of the ear. The correction factor is called “A weighting” and the resulting

measurements are written as dB(A). “A Weighting” refers to the noise level that represents the

human ear’s response to a sound. The dB(A) is internationally accepted and has been found to

correspond well with people’s subjective reaction to noise.

Typical dB(A) noise levels for familiar noises are given in Table 2.1.

Table 2.1 Typical Noise Levels

Approximate Noise Level dB(A) Example

0 Limit of hearing

20-30 Rural area at night, no wind or adverse weather conditions

40 Library

50 Quiet office without noisy machinery, such as typewriters

60 Normal conversation

70 In car noise without radio

80 Household vacuum cleaner

100 Pneumatic drill

140 Threshold of pain

Source: AMEC

Noise levels vary over time depending on noise generating activities. The following indices are

used to take account of these variations:

• SPL is the instantaneous Sound Pressure Level; it is a measurement of the noise

level at a particular point in space. The SPL of a noise source will vary with

distance from the noise source;

• SWL is the instantaneous Sound Power Level (note this is abbreviated to SWL to

avoid confusion with SPL); a measurement of the sound energy produced by a

noise source;

• LAeq is the equivalent continuous sound level and is the sound level of a steady

sound having the same energy as a fluctuating sound over the same period. It is

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possible to consider this level as the ambient noise encompassing all noise at a

given time. LAeq is considered the best general-purpose index for environmental

noise;

• LA90 index represents the noise level exceeded for 90% of the measurement period

and is used to indicate quieter times during the measurement period. It is usually

referred to as the background noise level;

• LA50 and LA10 refer to the level exceeded for 50% and 10% of the measurement

period respectively. LA10 is widely used as a descriptor of traffic noise; and

• LAmax is the maximum recorded noise level during the measurement period.

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3. Assessment Methodology

The receptors considered in this assessment are outlined below and presented in Figure 3.1:

• Location 1: Woodbine Cottage; and

• Location 2: Rectory Cottage.

The proposed gas engines will operate continuously 24 hours per day. As ambient and

background noise levels are likely to be at their lowest during the night, it is at this time that

there is greatest potential for noise from the proposed LFG plant to cause nuisance. If it can be

demonstrated that noise from the installation does not give rise to disturbance at night then it

can be concluded that noise in the daytime will not cause disturbance, as the ambient and

background noise levels would be higher due to, for example, increased road traffic noise.

3.1 Background Noise Monitoring

Noise monitoring was undertaken at both locations identified above. Ambient noise levels were

measured continuously in 5-minute periods between the afternoons of Thursday 4 August and

Tuesday 9 August 2011.

During the monitoring, SITA UK shut down the existing plant at the site. Based on maintenance

logs obtained from SITA UK, the existing steam turbine plant was shutdown on Sunday 7

August at 0915hrs with the following shutdown of the gas turbine plant at 0950hrs. Auxiliary

plant such as pumps and cooling fans ran for a further 24 hours before being fully shutdown.

The noise monitoring therefore includes periods with and without the influence of the existing

plant.

The noise monitoring at both locations was undertaken using Rion NL31 Class 1 integrating

Sound Level Meters housed in environmental protection kits with the microphone positioned at

a height of 1.2m above ground level. Noise levels were measured in terms of broadband A-

weighted values. The calibration level of the meters was checked at the start and end of the

monitoring, with no significant drift in calibration recorded. Battery levels were also checked

before and after the monitoring to ensure that they remained within acceptable operating

parameters. The calibration certificate for the instrumentation can be found in Appendix B.

At Woodbine Cottage, the sound level meter was located in the garden of the property away

from any reflecting surfaces. At Rectory Cottage, the sound level meter was located in the north

facing garden at the boundary of the landfill site. At both locations, the sound level meters were

located in a free-field location more than 3.5m from the nearest reflecting façade.

Notes and observations regarding the ambient noise climate were taken at each location during

the early hours of Friday 5 August and Monday 8 August 2011. During these observations,

additional noise measurements and audio recordings were undertaken using a Bruel and Kjaer

2250 Class 1 Integrating hand-held analyser mounted on a tripod at a height of 1.2-1.5m above

ground level.

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All measurements as detailed above were carried out, where possible, in accordance with BS

7445-1 ‘Description and measurement of environmental noise. Guide to quantities and

procedures.’ (2003).

The weather during the monitoring has been obtained from a weather station located at

Birmingham International Airport, located approximately 4km from the site. The results of the

noise monitoring have been reviewed against the weather data.

Section 4.1 presents the results of the noise monitoring.

3.2 Building Acoustics Measurements

The proposals include the installation of 4 No. Jenbacher 320 engines within the existing boiler

house. Although these engines will be located within acoustic compartments, there remains a

risk that noise could breakout from the boiler house. It has therefore been necessary to

undertake measurements of the building envelope and assess the acoustic performance of the

various materials it comprises.

An amplified white noise sample was reproduced within the boiler house using a loudspeaker.

The loudspeaker was adjusted to achieve as best as possible flat frequency response and that

internal noise levels in each one-third octave frequency band between 50 Hz and 16 KHz were

approximately 100-115 dB(A). Measurements were taken using a Rion NA28 Class 1

integrating Sound Level Meter in terms of linear and A-weighted values between 12.5 Hz and

20 KHz. The calibration level of the meter was checked at the start and end of the

measurements, with no significant drift in calibration recorded. For measurements taken within

the boiler house, the meter was configured for diffuse field conditions.

Measurements were made at locations at the internal façade and at corresponding points on the

external facade. Measurements were made of the following elements:

• Lower wall structure comprising of concrete block and brick;

• Upper wall structure comprising of concrete block and external cladding; and

• Two of the existing ventilation louvers which will remain in situ as part of the

proposals.

The calculation of the acoustic performance of the various elements has been undertaken as

follows:

6int +−= ernalexternal LLSRI

The results of the measurements are summarised in Section 4.3 and presented in full in

Appendix C.

3.3 Existing Turbine Plant

Noise measurements of the existing turbine plant were undertaken on Thursday 4 August 2011.

The measurements were taken at several positions outside of the existing buildings. The

measurements were undertaken for reference purposes and to facilitate any assumptions

regarding existing and future noise emissions from the plant.

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The measurements were taken using a Bruel and Kjaer 2250 Class 1 Integrating hand-held

analyser at a height of 1.2-1.5m above ground level at various distances from the plant rooms.

Figure 3.2 presents the location of the various measurements. The measurements were

configured to record noise levels in terms of LAeq, LA90, LA10 and LAmax at one-third octave band

centre frequencies between 12.5 Hz and 20 KHz. The measurements were taken over a period

until all parameters had stabilised.

3.4 Noise Modelling

Noise modelling of the proposals has been carried out using LimA, an industry-standard

computational noise modelling suite used widely in noise modelling and noise mapping projects

throughout the UK and Europe. LimA, developed by Stapelfeldt Ingenieuresellschaft mbH

implements a number of methodologies for the calculation of noise levels, including ISO9613-2

‘Acoustics - Attenuation of Sound During Propagation Outdoors’ which has been used in this

assessment.

ISO9613-2 is a noise calculation methodology widely used for the calculation of industrial noise

emissions. The methodology is one of the most sophisticated noise calculation standards in

practical use and considers a series of acoustic features such as barrier attenuation; side

diffraction; reflections; meteorological conditions; and ground effects. The methodology is also

capable of performing calculations which take into account the spectral content of noise

allowing attenuations and levels to be calculated at individual third-octave band frequencies.

This is particularly useful for identifying any discrete tones or annoying characteristics at

receptors.

3.4.1 Noise Modelling Data and Assumptions

The noise model has utilised data from a number of sources. Where information has not been

available, it has been necessary to adopt a number of assumptions. Data sources and

assumptions are outlined in this section.

Topographic Data

The 3-dimensional noise model has been constructed from a number of different data sources.

Information regarding the location of the site and it surroundings has been taken from Ordnance

Survey (OS) digital Vector Mapping data. Information regarding the elevation and profile of the

terrain surrounding the site has been taken from the OS NextMap Digital Terrain Model (DTM).

The topography of the site, notably the depth and profile of the former railway cutting, has been

obtained from detailed Light Detection and Ranging (LiDaR) data. The LiDaR data captures

terrain profiles at a vertical accuracy of 0.1m at 1m posting in an equidistantly spaced grid. This

data has been interpreted to derive the profile of the cutting.

Information regarding the dimensions and elevations of the boiler house and the composition of

its various facades (including the location of louvers and access doors) has been taken from

drawings provided by SITA UK (as presented in Appendix A).

Figure 3.3 presents a 3-dimensional view of the noise model for the proposals.

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Figure 3.3 3-dimensional View of Noise Model

Outdoor Gas Engines – Jenbacher 320

SITA UK proposes to install 4 No. gas engines outside and in the area immediately south of the

boiler house. These engines would comprise of Jenbacher 320 engines. The engines will be

housed within customised ISO shipping containers which contain noise attenuation features to

reduce emissions.

It should be noted that gas engines produce a steady level of continuous noise therefore the

maximum noise levels from these sources are only slightly higher than their normal operational

levels. To provide a worse case, maximum measured noise levels from each façade and each

component of the engine, such as the coolers and exhaust, have been considered within the

noise modelling and assessment.

Noise emissions from a Jenbacher 320 gas engine was measured at the SITA UK landfill site in

Seghill, Northumberland. The noise emissions were determined from measurements taken on all

sides of the engines ISO containers during normal operating conditions and at locations around

the roof mounted plant such as the engine coolers and exhaust units. The noise model has been

calibrated to calculate levels taken at each side of the container and for each item of roof

mounted plant in one-third octave band frequencies. It should be noted that most of the noise

from the gas engine exhaust unit is emitted from its base and not the top of the stack. This has

been considered within the noise model.

It should be noted that noise level from the gas engines can vary depending upon the orientation

of the measurement location to the gas engine and at which side of the engine the measurement

is taken. On assessing the noise measurements, it has been identified that a single Jenbacher 320

gas engine will typically produce a noise level of 65 dB(A) at 10m. When considering each item

of plant and the gas engine’s dimensions, this equates to an approximate sound power level of

93 dB(A).

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Indoor Gas Engines – Jenbacher 320

SITA UK proposes to install 4 No. Jenbacher 320 gas engines inside the existing boiler room.

For the purposes of the assessment, it has been assumed that internal noise levels within the

boiler house due to the operation of the Jenbacher 320 engines will be 85 dB(A) at any point

within the building and would have spectral profile similar to the Jenbacher 320 engines

operating outdoors. This is considered a reasonable assumption as this level of noise

corresponds with the upper exposure action values outlined by the Noise at Work Regulations

2005. This level of noise would require SITA UK to implement a planned programme of noise

control to prevent hearing damage to its employees. This is already the case for any work

undertaken on the existing steam turbine plant currently located within the boiler room.

Noise breakout from the boiler house has been calculated using the results of the building

acoustics measurements discussed in Section 3.2 and presented in Section 4.3.

Outdoor Cooler Units for Indoor Jenbacher 320 engines

SITA UK proposes to erect a structure to facilitate the installation of gas engine cooler units at a

location to the north of the existing boiler house, adjacent to the existing gas turbine house.

It has been assumed that each cooler unit (comprising of 8 No. fan units) have a sound power

level of 88 dB(A). SITA UK proposes to install 4 No. cooler units. These have been modelled

individually with an aggregate sound power level 94 dB(A).

Compressor Room

As discussed in Section 1.2, SITA UK is currently investigating whether a gas cleaning plant

will be required. It is understood that this would be located within the existing compressor room

and that all existing compressor plant within this room will be decommissioned. If a gas

cleaning plant is not required, the existing compressor plant will be decommissioned and there

would be no noise generating plant located within this room.

Based on SITA UK’s experience of gas cleaning plant, it is understood that this plant is quieter

than the existing compressor plant currently located within the compressor room. As a worst-

case scenario, it has been assumed that noise emissions from the compressor room would not

increase above their existing levels.

Noise emissions from the compressor room have been taken from measurements of the existing

turbine plant as described in Section 3.3 and presented in Section 4.2.

3.5 Assessment Criteria

The assessment has made reference to the following assessment criteria.

3.5.1 Existing Planning Condition (Woodbine Cottage)

For the assessment at Woodbine Cottage, consideration has been given to the existing planning

condition pertaining to noise from existing plant at the site. This condition (as outlined in

Section 1.1) seeks to ensure that noise due to the turbine plant should not exceed 40 dB LAeq, 1 hr

at a distance of 3.6 metres (i.e. free-field conditions) and a height of 1.5 metres from the nearest

rear main wall of Woodbine Cottage.

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The assessment has therefore considered noise levels calculated using the noise model for the

proposed LFG plant against the planning condition criterion at Woodbine Cottage.

3.5.2 British Standard BS4142:1997

British Standard 4142:1997 ‘Method for rating industrial noise affecting mixed residential and

industrial areas’ provides a methodology for determining whether a noise source is likely to

cause noise complaints by comparing the operational noise level with the background noise

level (LA90). If the industrial noise contains any annoying characteristics such as hums, clanks or

bangs, it is also subject to a 5dB rating penalty. According to the methodology, predicted

industrial noise levels of 10dB or more above the background level indicate that complaints are

likely, whereas an increase of 5dB is considered of marginal significance. For increases of less

than 5dB, the likelihood of complaints is reduced. If industrial noise levels are greater than

10dB below the background level complaints are unlikely.

The results of the background monitoring at Woodbine Cottage and Rectory Cottage have been

analysed against the operation of plant at the site and weather conditions to determine a

background noise level upon which the assessment may be undertaken. Calculated noise levels

from the noise model due to the LFG plant have been used to calculate the BS4142 outcome.

It should be noted that the existing planning condition at Woodbine Cottage requires that noise

from existing turbine plant shall not exceed 5 dB(A) above existing background noise levels.

For the purposes of this assessment, it has been considered that this criterion still applies to any

new plant at the site.

3.5.3 British Standard BS8233:1999

BS4142:1997 concerns external noise levels, however consideration can also be given to

internal noise levels at sensitive receptors.

BS8233:1999 gives recommended design criteria for internal noise levels for different types of

rooms including residential use. The criteria for bedrooms and living rooms, which have been

set to avoid sleep disturbance and ensure suitable living/ resting conditions are:

Bedrooms Good LAeq,T 30dB

Reasonable LAeq,T 35 dB

Living Rooms Good LAeq,T 30dB

Reasonable LAeq,T 40dB

The design criteria in BS8233:1999 are based on guidance contained within the World Health

Organisation (WHO) document, Guidelines for Community Noise (1999). In addition to the

above, this document recommends that maximum noise levels should not normally exceed 45dB

LAmax in bedrooms at night. Whilst BS8233:1999 does not provide guidance on exactly how

this may be interpreted, based upon WHO guidelines, a number of events between 10-15 times

per night-time period has been adopted. This is not considered relevant to the assessment as

noise levels from the proposed plant are steady.

The façades of the sensitive receptors will provide some degree of attenuation of outdoor noise

levels, which will affect the internal noise levels experienced by occupants. The attenuation is at

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a minimum when windows are open in the façade of the occupied room. The WHO document

stipulates that a façade with an open window will provide approximately 12 dB(A) attenuation.

The assessment has therefore considered compliance with the criteria within BS8233:1999

during and day and night-time periods. The assessment has been based on calculated façade

noise levels taken from the noise model at each sensitive receptor.

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4. Results

This section presents the results of the background noise monitoring, building acoustics

measurements and the noise modelling.

4.1 Background Noise Monitoring

4.1.1 Location 1: Woodbine Cottage

Table 4.1 presents a summary of measured noise levels at Woodbine Cottage during the

background noise monitoring. The table also outlines the operational condition of existing plant

at the site. Appendix C presents corresponding time-level traces during the monitoring along

with corresponding weather information, including average wind-speeds, gusts and

precipitation.

Upon deployment and collection of the monitoring equipment, ambient noise sources at

Woodbine Cottage during daytime periods included distant road traffic noise from the local

motorway network, occasional car passages on Packington Lane and dog kennels located in the

garden of the Cottage. Some activity was audible from the site however this was intermittent.

Noise from the existing turbine plant could not be differentiated from distant road traffic noise.

Observations made during the night showed that, when operating, noise from the compressor

house was only just audible. Some distant road traffic noise was also audible as well as low

level tree movement in the light breeze.

Table 4.1 Summary of Noise Monitoring at Woodbine Cottage

Day Period (T) LAeq, T LA90, T LA90 (min)

LAmax Notes

Day (1520-2300hrs) 48.0 45.0 40.2 75.1 All existing plant operational Thursday 04/08/2011

Night (2300-0700hrs) 43.1 40.7 37.6 63.2

Day (0700-2300hrs) 44.1 41.7 37.8 73.1 Friday 05/08/2011

Night (2300-0700hrs) 45.0 43.0 37.7 66.1

Day (0700-2300hrs) 46.7 43.3 33.2 79.7 Saturday 06/08/2011

Night (2300-0700hrs) 44.5 41.1 37.4 66.4

Day (0700-2300hrs) 53.3 46.6 39.3 71.8 Turbines shut down at 0950hrs Sunday 07/08/2011

Night (2300-0700hrs) 48.0 44.6 37.4 67.1

Day (0700-2300hrs) 52.2 49.6 43.4 71.5 All other ancillary plant shutdown Monday 08/08/2011

Night (2300-0700hrs) 46.2 44.3 41.4 58.2

Tuesday 09/08/2011

Day (0700-1410hrs) 48.7 46.5 44.2 72.9

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The results show that background noise levels at Woodbine Cottage were higher following the

shutdown of the existing turbine plant. When reviewing measured noise against weather

conditions (as presented in Appendix C) this shows that wind speeds were higher following the

shutdown of the turbine plant. In general, background noise levels at Woodbine Cottage tend to

correlate with average wind speeds. This is primarily due to the amount of vegetation and trees

which surround the property. The data shows a maximum noise event during the afternoon of 7

August 2011. This was found to be due to a thunder clap. There was no rainfall during the

monitoring.

The results also show that during the maintenance and shutdown during daytime periods of

Sunday 7 and Monday 8 August 2011, LAeq noise levels were higher than during other daytime

periods of the monitoring.

The lowest measured background noise level at the location was 33.2 dB LA90 which occurred

for a five minute period during the daytime of Saturday 6 August. The lowest measured

background noise level at night was 37.4 dB LA90. It should be noted that the lowest measured

night-time background noise levels between Thursday 4 and Sunday 7 August were very similar

between 37.4 and 37.7 dB LA90. It should be noted that the turbines were not operating during

the night-time period of Sunday/Monday morning suggesting a residual background noise level

due to other noise sources in the areas, such as motorway traffic.

4.1.2 Location 2: The Old Rectory

Table 4.2 presents a summary of measured noise levels at The Old Rectory during the

background noise monitoring. The table also outlines the operational condition of existing plant

at the site. Appendix C presents corresponding time-level traces during the monitoring along

with corresponding weather information, including average wind-speeds, gusts and

precipitation.

Upon deployment and collection of the monitoring equipment, ambient noise sources at The Old

Rectory during daytime periods included distant road traffic noise from the local motorway

network, occasional car passages on Packington Lane and activity within the blacksmiths

workshop at the property. Occasional aircraft movements from Birmingham International

Airport were also audible. There was no audible noise from the existing site.

During night-time periods, audible noise sources included distant road traffic noise and aircraft.

There was no audible noise from the existing plant during the night-time.

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Table 4.2 Summary of Noise Monitoring at The Old Rectory

Date Period (T) LAeq, T LA90, T LA90 (min)

LAmax Notes

Day (1500-2300hrs) 47.7 44.7 40.9 78.5 All existing plant operational Thursday 04/08/2011

Night (2300-0700hrs) 46.1 43.1 38.6 69.7

Day (0700-2300hrs) 55.1 41.8 37.2 89.5 Friday 05/08/2011

Night (2300-0700hrs) 47.0 44.9 40.2 66.8

Day (0700-2300hrs) 53.5 42.3 34.5 89.8 Saturday 06/08/2011

Night (2300-0700hrs) 45.9 41.5 37.6 80

Day (0700-2300hrs) 61.4 45.4 40.5 106.7 Turbines shut down at 0950hrs Sunday 07/08/2011

Night (2300-0700hrs) 48.5 45.3 38.3 69.8

Day (0700-2300hrs) 53.0 48.8 43.8 82.7 All other ancillary plant shutdown Monday 08/08/2011

Night (2300-0700hrs) 47.9 45.5 42.8 73.2

Tuesday 09/08/2011

Day (0700-1355hrs) 56.2 47.6 45.9 100.6

The results show that like Woodbine Cottage, background noise levels at The Old Rectory were

also higher following the shutdown of the existing turbine plant. When reviewing measured

noise against weather conditions (as presented in Appendix C) this shows that wind speeds were

higher following the shutdown of the turbine plant. In general, background noise levels at The

Old Rectory tend to correlate with average wind speeds. This is primarily due to the amount of

vegetation and trees which surround the property.

The data shows a maximum noise events in excess of 100 dB(A) on Sunday 7 and Tuesday 9

August. These are considered to be due to activities at the property rather than any activities

within the landfill.

The lowest measured background noise level at the location was 34.5 dB LA90 which occurred

for a five minute period during the daytime of Saturday 6 August. This corresponds with the

time of the lowest measured 5-minute period at Woodbine Cottage. It is speculated that given

the occurrence within the daytime period and influence of the local motorway network upon

background noise levels, that there may have been an incident on the local road network at this

time.

The lowest measured background noise level at night was 37.6 dB LA90. Average night-time

background noise levels were above 40 dB LA90.

4.1.3 Background Noise Level for Assessment

For the purposes of the assessment, and as a conservative approach, the lowest measured night-

time background noise levels at Woodbine Cottage and The Old Rectory have been adopted as

summarised in Table 4.3.

18


Table 4.3 Background Noise Level for Assessment

Location Background Noise Level for Assessment (LA90)

Location 1: Woodbine Cottage 37.4 dB(A)

Location 2: The Old Rectory 37.6 dB(A)

4.2 Existing Turbine Plant

Table 4.4 presents a summary of the results of the existing turbine plant measurements. A

detailed set of results in one-third octave bands is presented in Appendix C.

Table 4.4 Summary of Existing Turbine Plant Measurements

Measurement Location

Description LAeq, T dB LAmax dB

1 1m from Western Façade of Compressor Room, 2m from Gas Pipe 81.4 82.2

2 5m from Compressor Room Louvers on North Façade 56.2 57.1

3 5m from Eastern Compressor Room Door 61.5 62.2

4 5m from Eastern Compressor Room Vent 60.8 62.7

5 5m to the East of Cooling Fans 61.3 63.4

6 2m from Boiler House Louver on Eastern Façade 62.8 64.1

7 4m from Corner of Cooling Fans 76.3 77.3



10 5m from Cooling Fans 77.8 79.1

11 2m from Centre of Cooling Fans 87.2 88.1

4.3 Building Acoustics Measurements

Table 4.5 presents a summary of the building acoustics measurements. A detailed set of results

in one-third octave bands is presented in Appendix C.

19


Table 4.5 Summary of Building Acoustics Measurements

Element SRI dB(A)

Boiler House Block and Brick Base Façade 47

Boiler House Block and Cladding Façade 36

Boiler House Ventilation Louver (Western Façade) 35

Boiler House Ventilation Louver (Northern Façade) 18

The results show that the ventilation louvers within the boiler house provide a significantly

lower attenuation. This is due to the louvers being of a different construction. The ventilation

louver mounted in the western façade is approximately 30cm thick and has no obvious gaps or

perforations. The louver located in the northern façade however comprises of angled slats

covered by metal sheeting. This louver has several perforations and gaps within its structure.

4.4 Noise Modelling

Table 4.6 presents the results of the noise modelling at Woodbine Cottage and The Old Rectory.

The noise levels presented are free-field noise levels representative of positions of 3.6m from

the nearest habitable facades of both properties at a height of 1.5m above ground level.

Table 4.6 Noise Modelling Results

Location Calculated LAeq, dB (free-field)

Location 1: Woodbine Cottage 39.0 dB(A)

Location 2: The Old Rectory 33.7 dB(A)

Appendix D presents calculated one-third octave band noise levels at each receptor from the

proposed LFG plant. At Woodbine Cottage, the dominant noise source is the proposed cooling

engine cooler units for the proposed Jecbacher 320 gas engines located on the roof of the boiler

house. At The Old Rectory, all noise sources contribute less than 30 dB(A) to the overall noise

level.

20


21


5. Assessment

5.1 Existing Planning Condition

The planning condition pertaining to noise from the existing gas and steam turbine plant

requires:

“When measured at a distance of 3.6 metres and a height of 1.5 metres from the

nearest rear main wall of Woodbine Cottage… the increase in noise levels from

the generator house, when measured as 60 minute LAeq shall not exceed 5 dB(A)

above existing background noise levels”

As discussed in Section 1.1, in 1992, when the steam turbine was added to the plant, a noise

survey and assessment was undertaken prior to the installation. From this assessment and based

upon the planning condition outlined above, it is understood that noise levels at Woodbine

Cottage should not exceed a limit of 40 dB LAeq, 1hr.

Table 4.6 presents calculated noise levels from the proposed LFG plant. This shows that noise

levels are not predicted to exceed 39.0 dB LAeq at a free-field position at Woodbine Cottage. It is

therefore considered that in terms of conditions pertaining to noise from the site, the proposed

LFG plant would also comply with this condition.

5.2 BS4142:1997

Since the engines operate continuously 24 hours per day and as ambient noise levels are

generally considered to be at their lowest during the night, it is at this time that there is greatest

potential for noise from the installation to cause nuisance. If it can be demonstrated that noise

from the gas engines during the night does not give rise to disturbance then it can be concluded

that noise in the daytime will not cause disturbance, as the ambient noise levels would be higher

due to - for example - increased road traffic noise.

As discussed in Section 3.5.2, BS4142 is used to assess the likelihood of complaints at noise

sensitive receptors from new or existing industrial developments. The approach advocated in the

methodology requires specific noise level due to the LFG plant (in terms of LAeq, T) to be

compared with background noise levels (in terms of LA90, T) over a representative time period.

Specific Noise Level

The specific noise level can be considered as the noise relating to the LFG plant at the receptors.

In this case, the specific noise level has been calculated using the noise modelling process

described in Section 3.4 and presented in Section 4.4 A detailed full one-third octave band

output from these calculations is presented in Appendix D.

Rating Level

The rating level is the specific noise level adjusted for any penalty the noise might incur under

the description provided in BS4142, for example in relation to any tonal content or impulsivity.

The detailed results presented in Appendix D have identified no tonal components within the

22


frequency analysis for any of the receptors considered due to the operation of the proposed LFG

plant.

Background Noise Levels

Background noise levels have been measured from a noise monitoring exercise described in

Section 3.1. The results of the background noise monitoring exercise are presented in Section

4.1. For the purposes of the assessment, and to provide a robust and conservative approach, the

lowest measured 5-minute night-time background noise level (LA90) at Woodbine Cottage and

The Old Rectory have been adopted

It should be noted that, average night-time background noise levels at both locations are

approximately 4-5 dB(A) higher. However to discount for the influence of the existing gas and

steam plant and prevailing weather conditions, the lowest measured 5-minute background noise

level has been selected for this assessment.

Assessment

Table 5.1 presents the BS4142 assessment for Woodbine Cottage and The Old Rectory.

The assessment shows that for Woodbine Cottage there is a less than marginal likelihood of

complaints due to the proposed LFG plant as the noise rating level is 1.6 dB(A) above the

background noise level. The results of the assessment for Woodbine Cottage should be

referenced against the planning condition for the existing gas and turbine site which states that

‘noise levels… shall not exceed 5 dB(A) above existing background noise levels’. With reference

to Table 5.1, the assessment shows that noise from the LFG plant is well within this criterion.

For The Old Rectory, the BS4142 assessment shows that noise from the LFG plant would be

below background noise levels and as such it may be considered that noise complaints would be

of a reduced likelihood.

Table 5.1 BS4142:1997 Assessment

Loc 1: Woodbine Cottage Loc 2: The Old Rectory

Lowest measured night-time 5-minute background level LA90 dB(A)

37.4 dB(A) 37.6 dB(A)

Predicted specific noise level LAeq dB(A) 39.0 dB(A) 33.7 dB(A)

BS4142 penalty 01 0

1

Rating level LAeq dB(A) 39.0 dB(A) 33.7 dB(A)

Night-time BS4142 difference dB(A) +1.6 -3.9

Night-time BS4142 likelihood of complaints Reduced Reduced

1 Appendix D shows no tonality in the received noise level at each receptor. The LFG plant is continuous and therefore

not impulsive. A BS4142 penalty is therefore not required.

23


5.3 BS8233:1999

BS8233:1999 Sound insulation and noise reduction for buildings - Code of practice differs from

BS4142 in that it considers internal noise levels within a dwelling, and not external noise levels.

It presents recommended design criteria for internal noise levels for different types of rooms.

The criteria for bedrooms and living rooms have been set to avoid sleep disturbance and ensure

suitable resting conditions, and are described as ‘reasonable’ or ‘good’, the latter being the more

stringent. For bedrooms and living rooms, the ‘good’ design criterion is for internal noise levels

of LAeq,T 30dB.

To determine the internal noise levels at the properties, the predicted free-field noise levels at

Woodbine Cottage and the Old Rectory are increased by 3dB to account for any reflections

from the façade. The values are then reduced by 15dB to account for attenuation through a

partially open window.

The adjustments and predicted internal noise levels are presented in Table 5.2, which shows that

internal levels at both receptors would fall well below the 30dB criteria for good resting

conditions in bedrooms.

Table 5.2 BS8233:1999 Assessment

Loc 1: Woodbine Cottage Loc 2: The Old Rectory

External free-field LFG plant noise level (LAeq, T)

39.0 dB(A) 33.7 dB(A)

External façade LFG plant noise level (LAeq, T)

42.0 dB(A) 36.7 dB(A)

Internal LFG plant noise level (LAeq, T)

27.0 dB(A) 21.7 dB(A)

Compliance with BS8233:1999 Criteria Good Good

Noise Levels in dB(A)

24


25


6. Conclusion

SITA UK commissioned AMEC to undertake a noise assessment for proposed LFG plant at the

current site of the Packington Power Plant, Little Packington. The assessment relates to the

turbine replacement, proposed site layout and configuration as discussed in Section 1.2.

A background noise monitoring survey was undertaken at Woodbine Cottage and The Old

Rectory over a period of five days between Thursday 4 August and Tuesday 9 August 2011.

The ambient noise climate at both locations comprised mainly of distant road traffic noise from

the local motorway network. The measurements coincided with the shutdown of the existing gas

and steam turbine plant at the site. Measurements of the existing gas and steam turbine plant

were undertaken along with measurements of the building envelope of the boiler house.

Calculations of noise emissions from the proposed LFG plant were made using a computational

noise model. The noise model utilised 3-dimensional topographic information and site layout

designs provided by SITA UK. Noise emissions and information relating to the building

envelope were either measured at the site or taken from other SITA UK landfill sites.

Noise levels from the LFG plant were calculated as less than 40 dB(A) at both receptors with no

tonal components identified. At Woodbine Cottage, the assessment found that the proposed

LFG plant would comply with existing planning conditions relating to noise from the existing

gas and steam turbine plant. A BS4142:1999 assessment was undertaken which demonstrated

that at both receptors, noise complaints due to the proposed plant were of less than marginal

likelihood. An assessment of internal noise levels at both receptors was also undertaken in

accordance with BS8233:1999. This assessment concluded that predicted internal noise levels

due to the LFG plant would be below the ‘good’ criteria for in bedrooms and living rooms, even

with an open window.

The noise assessment therefore indicates that there should be no significant adverse impacts at

the nearest receptors due to the installation on the LFG plant at the Little Packington site.

26



Figures


Appendix A Future Plan 1 Page

2373mm

4427mm

VIEW ON ARROW 'X'ENGINES OMITTED

FOR CLARITY

4 OFF NEW LOUVRES1.4 WIDE x 4.2 HIGH

PARKING BAYS

05

1015

2025

3035

4045

50

WS

EN

PROPOSEDLOCATION FORFUTURE GAS

TREATMENT SYSTEM

WASTE & FRESHOIL TANKSBUNDED

UP TO 4 x 1.065MWGAS ENGINES

IN ENGINEROOM

NEW GAS MAIN EXISTING GAS MAIN

ENGINE ROOM

COMPRESSOR HOUSE

EXHAUST DUCTSFROM INTERNAL

ENGINES

EXISTING SITE BOUNDARY

CONCRETEPAD FOR NEW

ENGINES

DUMP RADIATORSFOR GAS ENGINES

ON TOP OF OFFICE ROOF

CONTROL ROOMAND

OFFICES

EAST ELEVATION

VENT

BANK

XBANK

DATUM 80.00m A.O.D.

2 OFF NEW LOUVRES11.5 WIDE x 4.5 HIGH

UP TO 4 x 1.065MWGAS ENGINES

EXISTINGLOUVRE SIDE PANEL/NOISE BAFFLE

ON EDGEOF OFFICE ROOF

DUMP RADIATORSFOR GAS ENGINES

ON TOP OF OFFICE ROOF415/11kv STEP UPTRANSFORMERSWITH PLATFORM

CONTROL ROOMAND

OFFICES

EXISTINGSTACK

PROPOSEDLOCATION FORFUTURE GAS

TREATMENT SYSTEM

ENGINE ROOM

COMPRESSOR HOUSE

WEST ELEVATION

4 OFF NEW LO

VIEW FROM PACKINGTON LANEACROSS FIELD

Project

Revision

PACKINGTON LFG UPGRADE

PLAN 2DRAWN BY: DH

Drawing Number

1:400 @ A3Scale

219/09/11Date

LAYOUT OF PROPOSEDFACILITY

Drawing Title

PACKINGTON LFGSite

DateByRevision Chk'd By Comments

ELEVATION ON ACCESSROAD GATES


Appendix B Calibration Certificates 4 Pages

Instrumentation Used:

B&K 2250 02 (Entec)

Sound Level Meter Bruel & Kjaer Type 2250 Hand Held Analyser Serial Number 2661311

Calibration Date: January 2011

Microphone: Bruel & Kjaer Type 4189 Microphone Serial Number: 2656117 Calibration Date: January 2011

Calibrator: Bruel & Kjaer Type 4231 Microphone Calibrator Serial Number 2665092

Calibration Date: January 2011

Software: Bruel & Kjaer Type 7820 Evaluator

l:\projects\project sub files\30356\report\appendices\appendix b\appendix b calibration certificates.doc

© Entec

Noise Monitoring Equipment Used:

Kit 11 (Entec)

Sound Level Meter Rion NL 31 Level Meter Serial Number 00583298

Calibration Date 22.12.10 Pre-amplifier: Rion NH-21 Serial Number 27528 Calibration Date 22.12.10 Microphone: Rion UC-53A

Serial Number: 314461 Calibration Date 22.12.10

Calibrator: Rion NC-74 Serial Number: 34251556 Calibration Date: 21.07.10

© Entec


Kit 12 (Entec)

Sound Level Meter Rion NL 31 Level Meter Serial Number 00583299

Calibration Date 21.02.11 Pre-amplifier: Rion NH-21 Serial Number 27529 Calibration Date 21.02.11 Microphone: Rion UC-53A



© Entec


NA-28 (Entec)

Sound Level Meter Rion NA-28 Level Meter Serial Number 01291242

Calibration Date 29.06.11 Pre-amplifier: Rion NH-23 Serial Number 81274 Calibration Date 29.06.11 Microphone: Rion UC-59




Appendix C Noise Monitoring and Measurements 5 Pages

Location 1 - Woodbine Cottage

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

04/0

8/2

011 0

7:0

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011 1

5:0

0

Date / Time

dB

(A)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

ms-1

LAeq

LA90

LAmax

Precipitation

Gust Speed (ms-1)

Wind Speed (ms-1)

Night Night Night Night Night

Location 2 - The Old Rectory

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

04/0

8/2

011 0

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3:0

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09/0

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011 0

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09/0

8/2

011 1

5:0

0

Date / Time

dB

(A)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

ms-1

LAeq

LA90

LAmax

Precipitation

Gust Speed (ms-1)

Wind Speed (ms-1)

Night Night Night Night Night


Table C.1 Building Acoustics Measurements (averages)

One-Third Frequency (Hz) LZeq Element Internal/ External

50 63 80 100 125 160 200 250 315 400 500 630 800 1 k

1.25 k

1.6 k

2 k

2.5 k

3.15 k

4k 5k 6.3k 8k 10K

A

Block and Brick Internal 87 93 99 99 101 99 97 96 98 96 100 98 96 98 96 97 98 101 105 100 98 92 90 83 111

Block and Brick

External 57 53 61 66 68 66 58 59 59 53 54 49 49 49 47 43 38 40 41 35 33 30 30 33 61

Block and Brick

SRI 33 43 40 36 36 36 43 40 42 46 48 53 50 52 52 58 63 64 67 68 69 65 62 54 47

Block and Clad

Internal 79 85 91 97 96 92 88 86 90 86 90 90 91 90 89 87 89 91 95 89 85 79 75 68 101

Block and Clad

External 55 58 64 69 68 65 58 58 59 56 57 50 50 51 47 43 43 43 46 40 38 34 34 36 62

Block and Clad

SRI 27 30 31 31 30 30 32 31 34 33 36 43 44 42 44 46 49 51 53 52 50 48 44 34 36

Louver W Internal 78 88 89 96 91 87 83 90 96 96 93 88 85 87 91 88 93 95 94 89 87 79 77 68 103

Louver W External 71 81 80 83 74 68 65 72 71 62 54 49 51 49 46 44 47 51 53 51 52 49 50 42 70

Louver W SRI 10 9 12 16 20 22 21 21 29 37 43 42 37 41 47 47 49 47 43 41 38 33 30 29 35

Louver N Internal 75 86 93 93 92 90 84 83 90 88 87 84 90 91 93 92 92 99 99 94 95 86 81 74 106

Louver N External 71 74 85 87 83 79 79 79 79 80 78 72 77 76 81 80 78 82 81 77 76 67 64 57 90

Louver N SRI 7 15 11 9 12 14 8 8 14 11 12 15 16 18 15 15 17 20 20 20 21 21 20 20 18


Table C.2 Existing Plant Noise Measurements

One-Third Frequency (Hz) LZeq Measurement Location

Description

50 63 80 100 125 160 200 250 315 400 500 630 800 1 k

1.25 k

1.6 k

2 k

2.5 k

3.15 k

4k 5k 6.3k 8k 10K

A

1 1m from Western Façade of Compressor Room, 2m from Gas Pipe

62 58 65 75 65 66 74 67 65 64 67 62 62 63 62 71 70 74 72 72 69 69 67 64 81

2 5m from Compressor Room Louvers on North Façade

56 51 54 56 54 56 56 49 52 48 49 48 45 44 43 44 41 42 42 42 39 40 38 35 56

3 5m from Eastern Compressor Room Door

60 58 61 58 63 64 63 60 55 54 53 50 47 48 52 51 50 46 42 41 38 36 34 28 62

4 5m from Eastern Compressor Room Vent

65 59 60 58 60 54 58 56 53 54 54 51 51 51 50 49 49 46 46 44 41 40 37 34 61

5 5m to the East of Cooling Fans

68 61 59 59 59 56 57 59 55 56 58 54 50 49 49 48 47 45 43 42 39 38 36 33 61


Table C.2 (continued) Existing Plant Noise Measurements

One-Third Frequency (Hz) LZeq Measurement Location

Description

50 63 80 100 125 160 200 250 315 400 500 630 800 1 k

1.25 k

1.6 k

2 k

2.5 k

3.15 k

4k 5k 6.3k 8k 10K

A

6 2m from Boiler House Louver on Eastern Façade

72 66 62 64 57 58 66 58 58 56 56 56 56 50 47 46 44 44 44 40 38 37 34 34 63

7 4m from Corner of Cooling Fans

75 78 75 72 68 68 73 69 68 71 65 67 66 64 64 67 66 63 64 60 59 57 54 54 76


80 81 77 74 68 71 77 71 72 75 69 69 65 65 66 69 68 65 64 61 60 60 55 56 79


81 82 76 73 68 71 71 72 71 72 68 68 68 65 66 68 68 63 62 60 58 59 54 54 77

10 5m from Cooling Fans

81 82 76 73 69 72 70 68 72 75 68 69 70 66 68 66 65 61 60 58 56 54 52 52 78

11 2m from Centre of Cooling Fans

81 82 83 81 79 82 82 82 81 85 78 80 77 76 76 75 77 70 68 66 63 61 58 58 87

Noise Level to the nearest decibel


Appendix D Noise Modelling Results 2 Pages

Figure D.1 Received Noise Level at Woodbine Cottage

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50.0

Hz

63.0

Hz

80.0

Hz

100 H

z

125 H

z

160 H

z

200 H

z

250 H

z

315 H

z

400 H

z

500 H

z

630 H

z

800 H

z

1000 H

z

1250 H

z

1600 H

z

2000 H

z

2500 H

z

3150 H

z

4000 H

z

5000 H

z

6300 H

z

8000 H

z

10E

3 H

z

A

Frequency (Hz)

No

ise L

evel d

B


Figure D.2 Received Noise Level at The Old Rectory

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

50.0

Hz

63.0

Hz

80.0

Hz

100 H

z

125 H

z

160 H

z

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250 H

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315 H

z

400 H

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4000 H

z

5000 H

z

6300 H

z

8000 H

z

10E

3 H

z

A

Frequency (Hz)

No

ise L

evel d

B

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