Sistem Satuan Gas2015
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Transcript of Sistem Satuan Gas2015
Sistem Satuan
Gas Alam
Oleh:
Prof.Dr.Ir. Slamet, MT Departemen Teknik Kimia
Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Indonesia
Depok, September 2015
Standard Reference Conditions
in Current Use (SI)
Temperature Absolute
pressure
Relative
humidity Publishing or establishing entity
°C kPa % RH
0 100.000 IUPAC (post-1997) [1]
0 101.325 IUPAC (pre-1997)
[1], NIST
[2], ISO
10780[3]
15 101.325 0 ISA [4]
, ISO 13443[5]
, EEA [6]
, EGIA [7]
20 101.325 EPA [8]
, NIST [9]
25 101.325 EPA [10]
25 100.000 SATP [11]
20 100.000 0 CAGI [12]
15 100.000 SPE [13]
Standard Reference Conditions
in Current Use (English)
°F psia % RH Publishing or establishing entity
60 14.696 SPE [13]
, OSHA [14]
, SCAQMD [15]
60 14.73 EGIA [7]
, OPEC [16]
, EIA [17]
59 14.503 78 Army Standard Metro [18]
59 14.696 60 ISO 2314, ISO 3977-2[19]
Publishing or establishing entity
• IUPAC: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
• NIST: National Institute of Standards and Technology
• ISA: ICAO's International Standard Atmosphere
• ISO: International Organization for Standardization
• EEA: European Environment Agency
• EGIA: Electricity and Gas Inspection Act (of Canada)
• EPA: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
• SATP: Standard Ambient Pressure and Temperature
• CAGI: Compressed Air and Gas Institute
• SPE: Society of Petroleum Engineers
• OSHA: U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
• SCAQMD: California's South Coast Air Quality Control District
• OPEC: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
• EIA: U.S. Energy Information Administration
• Std. Metro: U.S. Army's Standard Metro (used in ballistics)
Penulisan Kondisi Standar
1 std ft3 (© 60oF dan 14.7 psia) =
0.0286 std m3 (© 15oC dan 100 kPa)
• Satuan Inggris
• M (dari angka Romawi) = 1000
• MM = 1 000 000
• MMscf atau MMSCF atau MMCF = 106 std cu ft
• Satuan SI
• M singkatan dari “mega” = 106
• Untuk menghindari kebingungan: satu juta meter kubik standar
ditulis 106 std m3
Inisial M
Konversi Volumetrik-Massa: GAS
)dm std x(101739m std 10
kmol 740 41.
h 24
d.
d
m std 10kmol/h 36
36
36
(MMscf/d) 110MMscf
lbmol 2636.
hr 24
day.
day
MMscflbmol/hr x
lb/hr = (lb-mol/hr)(MW gas) = 110 x(MMscf/d)x(MW gas)
gg x )./dm std (1050400.m std 10
udara kg 06)1.21(E.
h 24
d.
d
m std 10kg/h 36
36
36
g = ( gas)/( udara) = (M gas)/(M udara)
Tekanan
• Tekanan absolut banyak digunakan di banyak perhitungan
• Di satuan Inggris digunakan penambahan „a‟: „psia‟ atau „psfa‟
• Di SI tidak ditulis, P = 138 kPa menunjukkan tekanan absolut
• Tekanan di meteran: penambahan akhiran „g‟
• Inggris: ditulis „psig‟ atau „psfg‟
• SI: ditulis misalnya P = 37 kPa(g)
• 1 Pascal (Pa) = 1 N/m2
• 1 bar = 14.5 psi = 0.987 atm = 1.02 kg/cm2
= 100 000 N/m2 = 100 kPa
• 1 psi = 6.89 kPa
• 14.696 psia = 1 atm (std) = 101.325 kPa = 1.01 bar = 1.03 kgf/km2
luassatuan
GayaTekanan
Contoh
• Meteran tekanan pada tangki CO2 yang digunakan
untuk mengisi botol-botol air soda menunjukkan
angka 51 psi. Pada saat yang sama barometer
membaca 28.0 in Hg. Berapa tekanan absolut di
dalam tangki (psia)?
Penyelesaian
• Tekanan absolut =
tekanan meteran + tekanan atmosfir (barometer)
• Basis: Tekanan barometer = 28.0 in. Hg
• Tekanan atmosfir =
(28.0 in. Hg) x (14.7 psia/29.92 in. Hg) = 13.76 psia
• Tekanan absolut di tangki = 51.0 + 13.76 = 64.76 psia
Konstanta Gas Ideal
ZRTPV P V T R
kPa m3 K 8.314 (kPa)(m3)/(kmol)(K)
MPa m3 K 0.008314 (MPa)(m3)/(kmol)(K)
bar m3 K 0.08314 (bar)(m3)/(kmol)(K)
psi ft3 oR 10.7316 (psia)(ft3)/(lb-mol)(oR)
lb/ft2 ft3 oR 1 545 (lbf)(ft)/(lb-mol)(oR)
atm m3 K 8.2057459 x 10-5 (atm)(m³)/(mol)(K)
mmHg L K 62.3637 (mmHg)(L)/(K)(mol)
1.987 cal / (K)(mol)
Volume, Gravitasi dan Massa
VOLUME :
• 1 ft3 = 0.0283 m3 = 7.48 US gal. = 6.23 UK gal.
• 1 bbl = 0.159 m3 = 5.61 ft3 = 42 US gal. = 35 UK gal.
GRAVITASI: percepatan jatuh-bebas di dalam medan gravitasi bumi
• g = 9.80665 m/det2
• Faktor proporsional Newton (gc) = 32.174 lb-ft/det2-lbf
Massa:
• 1 grain (gr) = 64.79891 milligrams (mg) – SI
• 1 gram (g) = 15.43236 grain (gr)