Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences
Transcript of Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences
![Page 1: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
.
Single Vehicle – Loss of Control
![Page 2: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
the natural motion is to
continue in the same
direction
![Page 3: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
weight shifts to outside of turn
INERTIA
![Page 4: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
weight shifts to outside of turn
INERTIA
friction
![Page 5: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
a “yaw” occurs when the
tires lose traction
![Page 6: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
WHAT FACTORS AFFECT A
LOSS OF TRACTION ?
speed S
friction f
path curvature R
![Page 7: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
TRACKING OF OUTSIDE TIRES
IN A YAW
![Page 8: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
In a
controlled
turn, front
tire tracks
outside
rear tire.
![Page 9: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
If the yaw is caused by the
inertial motion of the vehicle, and
not by other forces, it is called a
Critical Speed Yaw or CSY.
![Page 10: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Rear tire tracks outside front.
CSI
![Page 12: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Front, outside tire mark is usually darkest.
![Page 13: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Yaw marks
crossover
![Page 14: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Crossover is not visible
![Page 16: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Crossover is not visible
![Page 17: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
“As a matter of clarity, they do NOT
have to see the actual place where
the outtracking begins (crossover),
just that it has begun.”
Personal email conversation with
John Daily, March 29, 2013
![Page 18: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
“striations”
![Page 19: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
“striations”
![Page 20: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
HOW DO WE DETERMINE
R
![Page 22: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Yaw marks
![Page 23: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
VEHICLE YAWS OFF ROAD,
STRIKES A TREE
![Page 24: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
RADIUS
![Page 25: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Geometry 101:
Finding the radius of a circle:
m
C
R = C2/8m + m/2
![Page 26: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
A yaw mark is not a true circle, but
it can be modeled by
breaking it into circular segments.
![Page 27: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
R1
![Page 28: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
R2
![Page 29: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
R3
![Page 30: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
R4
![Page 31: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
As the yaw continues,
the radius decreases
![Page 32: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
SAE # 2005-01-1189
“Validation of the Circular Trajectory
Assumption in Critical Speed”
“The path carved out by a car as
it creates a critical speed tire
scuff was found to be well
modeled by a simple circle.”
![Page 33: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Where is the chord-middle
ordinate measurement made?
![Page 36: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
“First, we must identify the location
where the outside rear tire tracks
outside the corresponding front tire.
This will be the location from which
we measure the first chord.”
Fundamentals of Traffic Crash
Reconstruction, Daily, p. 439
![Page 37: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Where is the chord-middle
ordinate measurement made?
As close as possible to the start
of the yaw.
![Page 38: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
the most sensitive
measurement – defense attack point
![Page 39: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
More about chord/mid ordinate
measurements:
either inside or outside
![Page 41: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Yaw marks
INSIDE
![Page 42: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Yaw marks
OUTSIDE
![Page 43: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
More about chord/mid ordinate
measurements:
either inside or outside
as close to start as possible
![Page 44: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Yaw marks
![Page 45: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
More about chord/mid ordinate
measurements:
either inside or outside
as close to start as possible
two measurements
![Page 46: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Yaw marks
![Page 47: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
“… a CSY mark should be long enough
to measure two chords and middle
ordinates. If the marks are too short to
obtain two chords and middle ordinate
measurements, then the maneuver is not
a critical speed yaw.”
p. 441 Daily, Fundamentals of Traffic
Crash Reconstruction
![Page 48: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
More about chord/mid ordinate
measurements:
either inside or outside
as close to start as possible
two measurements
chords may overlap
![Page 49: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Yaw marks
OVERLAPPING
MEASUREMENTS
![Page 50: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Yaw marks
CHORD LENGTH = 30 ft
MIDDLE ORDINATE = 6 in (.5 ft)
![Page 51: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
R = C2 / 8m + m / 2
Calculate the radius :
C = 30 ft M = .5 ft
R = 30(30) / 8(.5) + .5 / 2 = 225 ft
![Page 52: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
DEFENSE EXPERT
QUESTIONS CSY
MEASUREMENTS
DEFENSE:
![Page 53: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
“Do not be bullied out of your
common sense by the expert.”
Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.
![Page 54: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
VEHICLE YAWS OFF ROAD,
STRIKES A TREE
![Page 55: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
RADIUS
![Page 56: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
DEFENSE EXPERT’S REPORT:
“The evidence used by police
to determine speed included
only 30 ft of the tire mark,
which was assumed to be
part of a circle having a total
circumference of 2100 ft;
![Page 57: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
As such less than 2% of the
evidence was used by police.
![Page 58: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
As such less than 2% of the
evidence was used by police.
![Page 59: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
“An error of as little as 4 inches
in the middle ordinate would
produce a significant error in
the speed estimate.”
![Page 60: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
“An error of as little as 4 inches
in the middle ordinate would
produce a significant error in
the speed estimate.”
![Page 61: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
HOW DO WE DETERMINE
f
![Page 62: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Drag factor must be determined
in the direction of slip.
Direction of motion
Direction of slip
![Page 63: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
direction of slip
![Page 64: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
f R15 S
:equation (CSY) Yaw Speed Critical
![Page 65: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Yaw Speed nomograph:
![Page 66: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
yaw radius = 225 ft
drag factor = .82
What is the speed estimate from the yaw mark ?
![Page 67: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
yaw radius = 225 ft
drag factor = .82
What is the speed estimate from the yaw mark ?
)225)(82(.15 Rf 15 S
![Page 68: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
yaw radius = 225 ft
drag factor = .82
What is the speed estimate from the yaw mark ?
52.6 mph
)225)(82(.15 Rf 15 S
![Page 69: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Yaw marks
S = 52.6 mph
![Page 70: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
CSY FORMULA IS
INVALID(BASED ON PUBLISHED
TESTING)
DEFENSE:
![Page 71: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
SAE #950137 Dickerson, et.al.
“The critical speed formula
calculations were greater than the
measured velocities of the test
vehicle in all test results.”
![Page 72: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
ATTACK: CSY FORMULA
IS INVALID.
SAE #950137 Dickerson, et.al.
Testing included double-step
steer maneuvers that produced
high slip angles. ( NOT CSY
MANEUVERS )
![Page 73: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
ATTACK: CSY FORMULA
IS INVALID.
![Page 74: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
![Page 75: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Defense asserts that the radius
is not the radius of the motion
of the center of mass of the
vehicle.
![Page 76: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
tire mark
Adjustment:
RCM = Rtire mark - TW/2
CM path
![Page 77: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
yaw radius = 225 – 2.5 = 222.5 ft
drag factor = .82
What is the speed estimate using the adjusted radius ?
52.3 mph
)5.222)(82(.15 Rf 15 S
![Page 78: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
A curved tire mark, but
not a CSY.
![Page 79: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
![Page 80: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Bellion SAE 970955“Project Y.A.M. (Yaw Analysis Methodology”)
CSY will often produce an error in speed during a double-steer maneuver and should not be used.
![Page 81: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
This is not a CSY – too short.
![Page 82: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
![Page 83: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
SPIN
![Page 84: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
CAVEATS
ROAD DEFECT (causes yaw)
ROAD DESIGN (sudden weight shift)
MULTIPLE SURFACES
ARTICULATED VEHICLES
YAW CAUSED BY IMPACT
![Page 85: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
CAUSATION
![Page 86: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Was the yaw caused by a
road defect?
![Page 87: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
“Velocity estimates using the
speed from yaw marks equation
should never be used to estimate
after-collision velocities.”
Fricke, p. 72-31
![Page 88: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
![Page 89: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
![Page 90: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
MECHANICAL
FAILURE AS
CAUSATION
![Page 91: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
![Page 92: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
![Page 93: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
“I WAS BEHIND HIM.”
“HE HAD MOVED INTO THE
TURN LANE AND HAD
SLOWED DOWN TO TURN.”
“THE TRUCK SUDDENLY
FLIPPED OVER.”
![Page 94: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
TRUCKS WERE BUILT
WITH INCORRECT REAR
BRAKE ASSEMBLIES.
CONSEQUENCE OF DEFECT:
A TENDENCY FOR REAR BRAKE LOCKUP
EXISTS, PARTICULARLY WITH A LIGHTLY
LOADED TRUCK.
![Page 95: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
CHECK FOR
RECALLSON ALL VEHICLES !
www.nhtsa.gov
![Page 96: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Check to see if
a recall has been repaired
![Page 97: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
CHECK FOR
TSB’s( TECHNICAL SERVICE
BULLETINS )
www.nhtsa.gov
![Page 98: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
CHECK FOR
COMPLAINTS
www.nhtsa.gov
![Page 99: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
VEHICLE SUDDENLY STEERS TO
RIGHT, COLLIDES WITH GUARDRAIL.
![Page 100: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
![Page 101: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
RF WHEEL
TOED IN
![Page 102: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
NHTSA complaint file:
• 845 complaints filed by owners of this
vehicle
• More than 70 include language like:
“when driving, right front wheel
completely turned in”
![Page 103: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
NHTSA complaint file:
• 845 complaints filed by owners of this
vehicle
• More than 70 include language like:
”when driving, right front wheel
completely turned in”
“subframe assembly on right front had
rotted away, control arm assembly had
separated from subframe”
![Page 104: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
NHTSA complaint file:
• 845 complaints filed by owners of this
vehicle
• More than 70 include language like:
”when driving, right front wheel
completely turned in”
“subframe assembly on right front had
rotted away, control arm assembly had
separated from subframe”
“right front tire was sideways, my
mechanic said subframe had corroded”
![Page 105: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
free LE subscription
for law enforcement
![Page 106: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
decodethis.com
enter VIN#
![Page 107: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
A DIFFERENT WAY TO LOOK
AT A SINGLE VEHICLE MOTION
CONSERVATION OF ENERGY.
![Page 108: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
KE = .03376WS2
A VEHICLE IN MOTION HAS
KINETIC ENERGY
![Page 109: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
KE = .03376WS2
CRASH !
![Page 110: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
KE = .03376WS2
KE = 0
![Page 111: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
Conservation of Energy
The kinetic energy of a vehicle
is changed to other forms
during the collision, but the
energy total is conserved.
![Page 112: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
ENERGY ANALYSIS :
• IDENTIFY EACH ENERGY EVENT
• ISOLATE EACH EVENT
• DETERMINE AN ENERGY EQUIVALENT SPEED FOR EACH EVENT (EES)
• ADD THE SPEEDS
![Page 113: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
How did this vehicle lose its kinetic energy?
![Page 114: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
Speed estimate from energy:
event #1
![Page 115: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
Speed estimate from energy:
event #2
![Page 116: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
Speed estimate from energy:
event #3
![Page 117: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
Each event has an equivalent speed:
crush
![Page 118: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
40 mph
35 mph
![Page 119: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
30 mph
35 mph
![Page 120: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
CRUSH ANALYSIS
DAMAGE EQUIV. SPEED
![Page 121: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
![Page 122: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
![Page 123: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
35 mph
damage analysis
yields equivalent speed
![Page 124: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
40 mph 30 mph 35 mph
![Page 125: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
2
3
2
2
2
1 S S S S
Equation Speeds Combined
![Page 126: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
S = 61.0 mph
222 35 30 40 S
Equation Speeds Combined
![Page 127: Single Vehicle Loss of Control - Legal Sciences](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042802/626819d114a3926b2223f663/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
A lesson I learned from a
defense lawyer in Salt Lake City