Simulations of Type Ia Supernova Explosionsresearch.ipmu.jp/seminar/sysimg/seminar/805.pdf ·...
Transcript of Simulations of Type Ia Supernova Explosionsresearch.ipmu.jp/seminar/sysimg/seminar/805.pdf ·...
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Rüdiger PakmorHeidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies
October 25th, 2012
Simulations of Type Ia Supernova Explosions
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In collaboration with
✗ M. Kromer, S. Taubenberger, A. Ruiter, W. Hillebrandt (MPA Garching)
✗ F. Röpke, M. Fink, I. Seitenzahl, S. Hachinger (Würzburg)
✗ S. Sim (ANU Canberra)
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Outline
✗ Observational constraints on SNe Ia
✗ First principle explosion models
✗ Violent mergers in detail
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SN 1994D
Credit:Nasa/Esa Hubble
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Supernova spectra
Fillipenko 1997
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Type Ia Supernovae
✗ No Hydrogen/Helium
✗ Produce C/O/Si/Ni...
✗ About 0.1-1.0 Mʘ 56Ni > (6d) 56Co > (77d) 56Fe
✗ No compact remnant
✗ About a solar mass of ejecta
✗ Also old stellar systems
=> Thermonuclear explosion of CO-WD in binary system
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The Problem
✗ What is the nature of the companion star?
✗ What causes the explosion?
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Progenitor systems
Bad Astronomy / Discover Magazin
Main sequence, red giant or He WD companion
stable accretion of H orHe
CO WD or He WD Companion
Disruptive merger
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Modelling a SN Ia
✗ Progenitor system
✗ 3D Hydrodynamics explosion model including nuclear burning
✗ Detailed nucleosynthesis
✗ Radiative transfer
✗ Comparison with observations
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Explosions I: Chandrasekhar-mass
Roepke et al. 2011
✗ H-rich accretion
✗ WD grows to MCh
✗ Ignition of deflagration
✗ Delayed detonation
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Delayed detonations
Roepke et al. 2012
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Delayed detonations
✗ Good agreement for spectra and lightcurves
✗ Details of ignition unknown
✗ Rates: possibly not enough systems
✗ No pre-explosion detections
✗ No sign (of interaction with) companion star
✗ No first parameter for brightness variations
✗ But: CSM interactions for some SNe Ia
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Explosions II: MCh pure deflagrations
0.75s 1.5s 100s
✗ Pure deflagration
✗ Bound WD remnant
✗ 0.4Mʘ mixed ejecta
Kromer et al. 2012
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Explosions II: MCh pure deflagrations
✗ Good agreement for spectra and lightcurves with subclass of 02cx-like objects
✗ Relative rates of model viable
05hk (black) vs. model (red)
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Explosions III: Double detonations
✗ He accretion on sub-Chandra CO WD
✗ He-shell accumulates and detonates
✗ CO-detonation follows
✗ Natural explanation of brightness range
✗ Problems with ashes of He-shell
Fink et al. 2008, 2010
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Explosions IV: Violent WD mergers
Pakmor et al. 2012
1.1 Mʘ
0.9 Mʘ
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Explosions IV: Violent WD mergers
Pakmor et al. 2012
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Explosions IV: Violent WD mergers
Pakmor et al. 2012
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Explosions IV: Violent WD mergers
Pakmor et al. 2012
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Explosions IV: Violent WD mergers
✗ Good agreement for spectra and lightcurves
✗ Details of ignition unknown
✗ Brightness given by mass of primary WD
✗ Rates?
✗ Ages?
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White Dwarf mergers: Rates
Ruiter et al. 2012
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White Dwarf mergers: Brightnesses
Ruiter et al. 2012
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Summary
✗ We can now simulate SNe Ia in 3D from progenitors to observables!
✗ Probably different explosion scenarios realised in nature
✗ Mergers of two white dwarfs are a good candidate for bulk of normal SNe Ias
✗ Merger scenario still rather unexplored