Research ArticleSimulation of the Working Performance of a Shearer CuttingCoal Rock

Li-juan Zhao and Hong-mei Liu

College of Mechanical Engineering Liaoning Technical University Fuxin 123000 China

Correspondence should be addressed to Hong-mei Liu 56104170qqcom

Received 7 December 2018 Revised 4 February 2019 Accepted 13 February 2019 Published 27 March 2019

Academic Editor Zhiping Qiu

Copyright copy 2019 Li-juan Zhao and Hong-mei Liu 0is is an open access article distributed under the Creative CommonsAttribution License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in anymedium provided the original work isproperly cited

Taking the MG2lowast55250-BWD shearer as the research object and considering the influence of the rock on the working per-formance of the shearer the shearer-coal-rock coupled discrete element model was established and its dynamic working processhas been studied 0e single-factor analysis method was used to study the variation law of the cutting depth traction speed andthe drumrsquos rotational speed on the three-way force acting on the drum the coal loading rate and the trajectory of the coal particles0e simulation showed that the coal loading rate fluctuated during the start-up phase of the shearer and it was then constant as thetime increased0e value of the cutting resistance was the largest the traction resistance was the second largest the axial force wasthe smallest and the fluctuation coefficient of the axial force was the largest of all of them 0e research showed that the coalloading rate of the drum decreased with the increase of the cutting depth increased with the increase of the rotating speed of thedrum and decreased with the increase of the traction speed 0e three-way force of the drum increased with the increase of thetraction speed decreased with the increase of the drumrsquos rotational speed and increased with the increase of the cutting depthAccording to the analysis of the coal cutting force and the coal loading rate the drum could achieve high-efficiency cutting if thecutting depth rotational speed and traction speed of the dynamic were matched

1 Introduction

0e working mechanism of a shearer has two functions coalcutting and coal loading Most of the research on the coalcutting rules of the spiral cutters of coal mining machineshas been based on theoretical formulas or experienceHowever for shearers that cut coal rock the loads havestrong nonlinear and time-varying properties 0e theo-retical parameters of the formula have large fluctuations andthe calculation of the load suffers from inevitable humanerror [1] LS-DYNAwas used in the literature to simulate thedrum cutting coal and the unit was automatically removedafter failure [2] it is difficult to reflect the influence of thereaction on the drum during coal loading and the discreteelement method has certain advantages [3] 0e discreteelement method was used in the literature to simulate thecutting head [4] and the cutting force variation law of thepick was obtained 0e discrete element method was used in

the literature to simulate the performance of the cutting head[5] and the cutting force variation law of the pick wasobtained and the reliability of the simulation was verifiedexperimentally 0e influence of the roof pressure on thecutting performance was considered in the literature [6] andthe discrete element method was used to study the dynamicprocess of the drum cutting coal rock and the coal loadingrate and force were obtained under different drum motionparameters 0e PCF was used in the literature [7] tosimulate the uniform linear cutting process of the pick andthe theoretical results of the simulation result are consistent0e discrete element method was used in the literature [8] tostudy the performance of coal drum loading and the effectsof the spiral drum structure and kinematic parameters onthe motion law of the coal loading were obtained 0e three-dimensional discrete element software was used in the lit-erature [9] to simulate the vertical screw conveyor and theeffects of speed blade clearance and material parameters on

HindawiModelling and Simulation in EngineeringVolume 2019 Article ID 2089304 13 pageshttpsdoiorg10115520192089304

the conveying eect are obtained e discrete elementmethod was used in the literature [10] to analyze the coalloading performance of the shearer and the inuence of thedrum motion parameters on the drum coal loading rate wasobtained e discrete element analysis software PFC3D wasused in the literature [11] to simulate the process of the pickbreaking the coal and the force of the pick and the re-lationship between the force of the pick and the cuttingthickness were obtained e discrete element software wasused in the literature [12] to simulate the process of the drumbreaking the coal and the variation law of the coal wall andthe force of the drum were obtained during the workingprocess of the double drum shearer e discrete elementsoftware was used in the literature [13] to simulate thecharging process of the drum and analyze the factors af-fecting the drum loading EDEM was used in literature [14]to simulate the rock fracture problem and obtain the rockfailure mechanism e discrete element software was usedin the literature [15] to study the dynamic process of the coalrock being cut by the coal miningmachine and the inuenceof dierent cutting angles on the coal loading rate cuttingresistance and the cutting energy consumption of shearerwas studied EDEM software was used in the literature [16]to establish a discrete element simulation model of theshearerrsquos cutting section and the relationship between thedrum speed the traction speed and the coal loading rate wasanalyzed e discrete element method was used in theliterature [17] to study the dynamic process of picks cuttingcoal and the eect of the dierent cutting thickness on thecutting force was obtained

2 Discrete Element Theory Analysis

According to the theory of discrete elements [18 19] thecoal wall model uses the Hertz-Mindlin bonding contactmodel e bonding of particles 1 and 2 is achieved by thebond as shown in Figure 1 a certain bonding force must beexistent between the coal particles by the bond

In Figure 1 r1 and r2 are the radii of particles 1 and 2respectively rn1 and rn2 are the contact radii of particles 1and 2 Un is the normal overlap between particles Cn and Ctare the normal and tangential damping and Sn and St are thenormal contact stiness and tangential contact stinessbetween particles respectively

Sn 2ElowastrlowastUnradic

(1)

St 8GlowastrlowastUnradic

(2)

Cn 2 ln e

Snmlowast

π2 + ln2 e

radic

(3)

Ct 2 ln e

Stmlowast

π2 + ln2 e

radic(4)

where Elowast is the equivalent elastic modulus 1Elowast (1minus μ21)E1 + (1minus μ22)E2 E1 and E2 are the macroscopicelastic moduli of particles 1 and 2 respectively μ1 and μ2 are

the macroscopic Poisson ratios of particles 1 and 2 Glowastis the equivalent elastic modulus 1Glowast (2minus μ21)G1 +(2minus μ22)G2 and G1 and G2 are the macroscopic shearmoduli of particles 1 and 2 rlowast is the equivalent radius ofparticles 1rlowast 1r1 + 1r2 mlowast is the equivalent mass ofparticles 1mlowast 1m1 + 1m2 e is the restitution coecientof particles in Table 1

e mathematical expressions of the bonding force andthe torque between the particles are shown in the followingformula

δFn minusυnSnδt

δFt minusυtStδt

δTn minusωnSnJδt

δTt minusωtStJ

2δt

(5)

where δt is the time step υn is the normal velocity of theparticles υt is the tangential velocity of the particles ωn is thenormal angular velocity of the particles ωt is the tangentangular velocity of the particles Sn is the normal contactstiness of the particles and St is the tangential contactstiness Due to the bonding force the particles can with-stand certain stretching and shearing eects When the forcebetween the particles exceeds the bonding strength the bondis broken [18] and the breaking conditions are shown in thefollowing formula

σmax ltminusFnA

+2Tn

JR

τmax ltminusFt

A+2Tt

JR

(6)

Sn

St Ct

Bonding

r1n

r1

r1

r2

r2

r2n

UnParticle1 Particle2

Cn

Figure 1 Bonding contact model

2 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

where A πR2 J (12)πR4 and R r1r2

radic R is thebonding radius Fn and Ft are the normal and tangentialforces between the particles Tn and Tt are the normal andtangential moments between the particles A is the contactarea and J is the polar moment of inertia

3 Simulation Model of the Drum CuttingCoal Rock

31 Establishment of the Discrete Element Method of the CoalRock Model In order to accurately establish the coal wallmodel the coal seam samples and rock samples were tested[20] including density tensile strength compressivestrength elastic modulus Poissonrsquos ratio cohesion andinternal friction angle 0e test results of the physical andmechanical parameters of the coal rock are shown inTable 2

Both the coal and rock used the Hertz-Mindlin bondingcontact models 0e normal contact stiffness Sn and thetangential contact stiffness St were calculated by usingequations (1) and (2) and the relevant parameters fromTables 1 and 2 0e normal stress σ and tangential stress τcan be calculated by MohrndashCoulomb theory When thestress value exceeds σ or τ the corresponding tensile or shearfailure or shear failure occurs [21] as shown in the followingformula

σ 12

σ1 + σ3( 1113857 +12

σ1 minus σ3( 1113857cos 2α

τ C + σ tan φ

α π4

+φ2

⎧⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎨

⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎩

(7)

where σ is the normal stress on the failure surface (MPa) τ isthe shear stress of the failure surface (MPa) σ1 is themaximum principal stress (MPa) σ3 is the minimumprincipal stress (MPa) α is the shear failure angle (deg) φ is theinternal friction angle (deg) and C is the cohesion of coal rock(MPa) Among them σ1 and σ3 can be calculated byMcClintock and Walshrsquos modified Griffith formula asshown in the following formula

σ1 minus4σt

1minus σ3σ1( 1113857( 11138571 + f2

1113968minusf 1 + σ3σ1( 1113857( 1113857

σ3σc

σ3σc

1 + f2

1113968+ f

1 + f2

1113968minusf

+ 1

⎧⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎨

⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎩

(8)

where σt is the tensile strength of the material (MPa) σc isthe compressive strength of the material (MPa) and f is thecoefficient of friction 0e normal stress σ and tangentialstress τ were calculated by using equations (7) and (8) andthe relevant parameters from Table 2 0e parameters of theparticle contact model [20] are shown in Table 3

0e coal particles were nonuniform and spherical andthe radius of the sphere varied from 6mm to 18mm [18] Toestablish the coal rock model it was necessary to first es-tablish a coal wall particle factory and fill it with the coalparticles When the coal particles had been introduced avirtual rock particle factory was built and the rock particleswere introduced Finally a virtual coal particle factory wasbuilt and the coal particles were introduced 0is completedthe filling process of the coal wall containing a layer of rock0e filled coal rock model was compressed so that thedistance between the particles reached the contact radiusand the particles were bonded according to the parametersof Table 3 and a three-dimensional model of the bondcontact with the rock wall was obtained

32 Establishment of the Drum Model Taking the spiraldrum of the MG2lowast55250-BWD type coal mining machineas the prototype the three-dimensional solid model of thedrum was established in ProE as shown in Figure 2(a) andthe picking arrangement diagram of the drum was estab-lished as shown in Figure 2(b) 0e drum model was im-ported into the discrete element model in the IGES fileformat

33 Simulation Setup and Solution According to the actualworking conditions the rotational speed of the drum was95 rmin and the traction speed was 4mmin In order toensure the stability of the simulation the time step should be

Table 1 Particle parameters of coal rock

Dynamic friction coefficient Static friction coefficient Recovery coefficientCoal and coal 005 08 05Rock and rock 005 07 05Coal and rock 005 075 05Coal and drum 001 05 05Rock and drum 001 06 05

Table 2 Physical and mechanical parameters of coal

Density(kgm3)

Tensile strength(MPa)

Compressive strength(MPa)

Elastic modulus(MPa)

Poissonrsquos ratio(MPa) Cohesion Internal friction

angle (deg)Coal 146692 238 1543 3940 033 45 38Rock 245580 622 3462 20960 016 142 34

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 3

appropriate and the Rayleigh time step [22] is the maximumof the time step of particle set determined by

TR πrρG( )

12(01631μ + 08766)minus1 (9)

where TR is the Rayleigh time step r is the coal particleradius ρ is the particle densityG is the shear modulus and μis the Poisson ratio e time step is usually set from therange of 10 to 40TR In this paper the time step was20TR Rayleigh time step was calculated as 342eminus 06 sesimulation time was 6 s the target storage time interval was001 s and the grid size was 5 times that of the minimumparticle radius and the coal mining machine cutting coalrock process is shown in Figure 3

4 Analysis of the Simulation Results

41 Analysis of the ree-Dimensional Force of the DrumIn the EDEM postprocessing the three-directional forceand the total force of the drum were extracted and exportedas a CVS le and the three-dimensional force curve wasobtained in MATLAB as shown in Figure 4 It can be seenfrom Figure 4(a) that when the drum cut the coal rock thetotal force uctuated irregularly within a certain rangeiswas because the position number and declination of thepicks involved in the cutting were constantly changing withtime and the coal rock was not regular In the three-directional force the Z-direction force was the cuttingresistance the X-direction force was the traction resistanceand the Y-direction force was the axial force Among themthe value of the cutting resistance was the largest thetraction resistance was second and the axial force was thesmallest as shown in Figure 4(b) e Y-direction force ofthe drum uctuated above and below zero but its averagevalue was not zero

42 Force Analysis of Each Intercept Pick It can be seen fromthe pick arrangement diagram of the drum that the barrelhad 7 sections and the end plate had 5 sections In thepostprocessing of EDEM the force of each pick wasextracted and collated by MATLAB Figure 5

43 e Inuence of the Rotational Speed the Traction Speedand the Cutting Depth on the Triaxial Force of the Drum

431 Inuence of the Rotational Speed on the Triaxial Forceof the Drum In order to obtain the relationship between therotational speed and the triaxial force the simulations werecarried out with dierent rotational speeds of 75 rmin 85 rmin 95 rmin and 105 rmin and a traction speed of 4mmin e load uctuation coecient [23 24] can measurethe cutting performance of the drum e load uctuationcoecient is

Table 3 Particle contact model parameters

Normal stiness (Nm) Tangential stiness (Nm) Normal stress (MPa) Tangential stress (MPa)Coal and coal 113times108 901times 107 832 236Rock and rock 198times108 159times108 264 1330Coal and rock 144times108 115times108 1700 740

1 5 2 3 46

7

8

91011 12

13 1415 16

17 18

167

19 2021 22

23 24

0deg 18deg

12deg

12deg

16deg

16deg

A

EC D

B

1234567

(a) (b)

Figure 2 (a) e picking arrangement diagram of the drum (b) ree-dimensional model of the drum

Coal

Rock

Coal

Drum

YX

Z

Figure 3 e model of the drum cutting coal containing a dirtband

4 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

δ 1F

1rsumr

i1Fi minusF( )2

radicradic

F 1rsumr

i1Fi

(10)

where Fi is the instantaneous value of the drum load and F isthe average of the drum load e three-way extraction forceis shown in Table 4 It can be seen from Table 4 that theaverage value of the three-way resultant force decreased withthe increase of the rotational speed when the traction speedand the depth of the cut were constant the rotational speed ofthe drum increased the cutting thickness decreased and thecorresponding cutting resistance decreased

432 Inuence of the Traction Speed on the ree-Way Forceof the Drum In order to obtain the relationship between

the traction speed and the triaxial force the simulationswere carried out with dierent traction speeds of 3mmin4mmin 5mmin and 6mmin and the speed of the drumwas 95 rmin e three directions of the drum wereextracted in postprocessing e force and the three-wayforce were collated by MATLAB as shown in Table 5 It canbe seen from Table 5 that the average value of the resultantthree-way force increased with the increase of the tractionspeed Due to the increase of the traction speed when therotational speed was constant the maximum cuttingthickness of the drum increased and the force received bythe drum cutter per unit time also increased so the re-sultant force increased

433 Inuence of the Cutting Depth on the ree-Way Forceof the Drum In order to obtain the relationship between thecutting depth and the triaxial force simulations were carriedout with dierent cutting depths of 480mm 530mm

0 1 2 3 4 5 6Time (s)

times10476543210

Forc

e (N

)

(a)

Time (s)

Forc

e (N

)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

times1046543210

ndash1ndash2ndash3ndash4

Force in X directionForce in Y directionForce in Z direction

(b)

Figure 4 (a) e total force of the drum (b) ree-directional force of the drum

I

II

(a)

0 21 3 4 5 6Time (s)

0706050403020100

Coa

l-loa

ding

rate

(b)

FIGURE 5 e total force of the teeth e force of the (a) 11th and 12th teeth (b) 13th and 14th teeth (c) 15th and 16th teeth (d) 17th and18th teeth (e) 19th and 20th teeth (f ) 21st and 22nd teeth (g) 23rd and 24th teeth (h) 10th tooth (i) 9th tooth (j) 7th and 8th teeth (k) 5thand 6th teeth (l) 1st 2nd 3rd and 4th teeth

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 5

580mm and 630mm and the traction speed was 4mminand the drumrsquos speed was 95rmin 0e three-way resultantforce of the extraction drum was extracted and sorted byMATLAB 0e results are shown in Table 6 It can be seenfrom Table 6 that the average value of the three-way force ofthe drum increased with the increase of the cutting depthWhen the cutting depth of the cut increased the number ofpicks involved in the cut increased causing the resultantforce of the drum to increase

44 Research on the Performance of Drum LoadingStatistics on the particle mass of the floating coal zone Iand the effective coal loading area II have been shown inFigure 6(a) 0e total amount of coal falling was the sumof the particle mass in the effective coal loading zoneand the floating coal zone [25] 0e coal loading rate η is themass of the effective coal loading area divided by the totalmass of falling coal as shown in the following equation

η me

me + mf (11)

where me is the particle mass of the loading coal zone andmf is the particle mass of the floating coal zone When thedrumrsquos rotational speed was 95 rmin the traction speedwas 4mmin and the cutting depth was 580mm the drumrsquoscoal loading rate curve is shown in Figure 6(b) It can be

seen from Figure 6(b) that the coal loading rate fluctuated acertain amount during the start-up phase of the shearerand the coal loading rate became constant as the timeincreased

441 Influence of Rotational Speed on the Drum LoadingRate In order to study the effect of the rotational speed onthe drum loading rate the rotational speeds used were 75 rmin 85 rmin 95 rmin and 105 rmin the cutting depthwas 630mm the traction speed was 4mmin and thesimulation was then carried out In the EDEM posttreat-ment the coal flow velocity of 445 s in the four workingconditions was obtained [26] as shown in Figure 7 It can beseen from Figure 7 that the rotational speed increased from75 rmin to 105 rmin and the instantaneous maximumvelocity of the coal particles increased from 981ms to156ms mainly because the cut coal rock was driven by thedrumWhen the rotational speed of the drum was large theparticles were thrown outward under the frictional force ofthe drum and the maximum throwing speed of the par-ticles increased

In order to analyze the instantaneous velocity and thethrowing position of the particles the distance vs velocitydiagram of the particles obtained for each working con-dition in the postprocessing is shown in Figure 8 As can beseen from Figure 5 the maximum number of particles ofthe instantaneous velocity of the coal flow in Figure 8 wassmall At most the instantaneous velocity of the particles

Table 4 0e relationship between the rotational speed and the three-directional force of the drum

Rotationalspeed(rmin)

X-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof X-force

Y-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Y-force

Z-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Z-force

Resultantforce

(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficient

75 minus652e3 minus00104 108e2 03406 117e4 00076 20154e4 0036485 minus612e3 minus00111 minus303e2 minus01650 112e4 00077 19351e4 0027595 828e3 minus00093 minus598e2 minus0102 165e4 00062 19180e4 00373105 minus582e3 minus00116 minus152e2 minus03480 106e4 00085 18547e4 00341

Table 5 0e relationship between the traction speed and the three-directional force of the drum

Tractionspeedmmin

X-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof X-force

Y-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Y-force

Z-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Z-force

Resultantforce

(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficient

3 minus614e3 minus00106 minus172e2 minus03065 111e4 00078 13181e4 003484 minus828e3 minus00093 minus598e2 minus01020 165e4 00062 19180e4 003735 minus918e3 minus00085 minus754e2 minus00862 220e4 00053 24518e4 003636 minus129e4 minus00064 minus558e2 minus01124 291e4 00043 32393e4 00368

Table 6 0e relationship between the cutting depth and the three-directional force of the drum

Cuttingdepthmm

X-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof X-force

Y-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Y-force

Z-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Z-force

Resultantforce

(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficient

480 minus684e3 minus00355 minus928e2 minus0293 125e4 00311 14733e4 00312530 minus659e3 minus00361 minus824e2 minus0282 136e4 00314 15902e4 00305580 minus708e3 minus00347 minus635e2 minus0258 148e4 00306 16973e4 00293630 minus828e3 minus00093 minus598e2 minus0102 165e4 00062 19180e4 00373

6 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25Fo

rce (

N)

times104Section 1

11th tooth12th tooth

(a)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25 times104

13th tooth14th tooth

Section 2

Forc

e (N

)

(b)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25

Forc

e (N

)

15th tooth16th tooth

times104Section 3

(c)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

17th tooth18th tooth

times104Section 4

002040608

112141618

2Fo

rce (

N)

(d)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

19th tooth20th tooth

times104Section 5

002040608

112141618

2

Forc

e (N

)

(e)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

21st tooth22nd tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

Section 6

Forc

e (N

)

(f )

Figure 6 Continued

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 7

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

23rd tooth24th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000Fo

rce (

N)

Section 7

(g)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

10th tooth

times104Section E

0

05

1

15

2

25

3

Forc

e (N

)

(h)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

9th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

Forc

e (N

)

Section D

(i)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

7th tooth8th tooth

times104Section C

0

05

1

15

2

25Fo

rce (

N)

(j)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

5th tooth6th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

Forc

e (N

)

Section B

(k)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

Forc

e (N

)

Section A

1st tooth2nd tooth3rd tooth4th tooth

(l)

Figure 6 (a) Statistics zone (b) e coal loading rate curve

8 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

did not exceed 7ms at the same time e drum had adepth of 630mm and the coal wall had a width of 800mmIt can be seen from Figure 5 that the number of eectivecoal loading zones was dierent when the cylinder speedwas dierent

e coal loading rate statistics are shown in Table 7 Ascan be seen from Table 7 as the drumrsquos rotational speed

increased the coal loading rate gradually increased Since thespeed of the drum was low the movement of the particles inthe drumwasmainly sliding and the speed of particle ejectionwas small As the rotational speed of the drum increased themovement of the particles was more aected by the rotationof the drum so that the particles were thrown into the ef-fective coal loading area so the coal loading rate improved

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

785e + 000981e + 000

589e + 000392e + 000196e + 000512e ndash 010

(a)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

843e + 000105e + 001

632e + 000422e + 000211e + 000219e ndash 010

(b)Time 445sVelocity (ms)

924e + 000116e + 001

693e + 000426e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

(c)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

124e + 001156e + 001

933e + 000622e + 000311e + 000198e ndash 010

(d)

Figure 7 Velocity of the coal particles (a) n 75 rmin (b) n 85 rmin (c) n 95 rmin (d) n 105 rmin

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

981204883084784964

51169e ndash 100981204

196241294361392482490602588723686843

8062 44136 80211 11628 15236 18843

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

105388948488843101

21928e ndash 10105388210775

42155526938632325

316163

737713

726 4375 8023 11672 1532 18969

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 20101

577777

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

155564140007124451

198241e ndash 10155564311127

622255777818933382

456691

108895

767 5032 9298 1356 1782 2209

(d)

Figure 8 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) n 75 rmin (b) n 85 rmin (c) n 95 rmin (d) n 105 rmin

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 9

442 Inuence of Traction Speed on the Drum Loading RateIn order to study the inuence of the traction speed of thedrum on the coal loading rate of the drum the drum speedwas set to 95 rmin the cutting depth was 630mm thetraction speeds used were 3mmin 4mmin 5mmin and6mmin and the simulation was then carried out e coalparticle velocity of the drum obtained in the posttreatment isshown in Figure 9 It can be seen from Figure 9 that as thetraction speed increased the number of coal rock particlesfalling into the eective coal loading zone gradually increasedHowever the traction speed was too large so the amount ofcoal falling into the oating coal zone increased so the coalcharging rate was lowered e distance vs speed of the coalow is shown in Figure 10 As can be seen from Figure 10 asthe traction speed increased the velocity of most of theparticles in each working condition gradually increasedMainly due to the higher traction speed the thickness of thedrum cutting layer per unit time increased and the corre-sponding instantaneous throwing particle speed increased

e coal loading rate of the abovementioned workingcondition for the drum is shown in Table 7 It can be seenfrom Table 7 that as the traction speed of the drum increased

the loading rate of the drum decreased As the traction speedincreased the coal ow rate in the drum blades increasedwhich reduced the amount of coal rock that could not bedischarged by the coal wall and the picks due to the lowtraction speed As the traction speed continued to increasethe unit interception coal volume of the shearer exceeded thecoal retention space in the drum blade causing the coal rockow to block the drum and it could not be discharged in timewhich greatly reduced the coal loading rate of the drum

443 Inuence of the Cutting Depth on the Drum LoadingRate In order to study the eect of the cutting depth on thespeed of the coal particles the rotational speed of the drumwas set to 95rmin the traction speed was set to 4mminand the dierent depths used were 480mm 530mm580mm and 630mm e coal particle velocity and coalparticle distance were obtained for the dierent depths espeeds are shown in Figures 11 and 12 It can be seen fromFigures 11 and 12 that as the depth of cut increased theamount of coal particles thrown into the coal charging zonegradually decreased It can be seen from Table 5 that as the

Table 7 e statistics of the coal loading rate

Traction speed (mmin) Rotational speed (mrmin) Cutting depth (mm) Average coal loading rate ()

4

75 416885

630

432395 4559105 4877

3 46684

95 6304559

5 44216 4345

480 5690

4 95530 50061580 4933630 4559

262e + 000281e ndash 009

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

105e + 001131e + 001

787e + 000525e + 000

(a)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

924e + 000116e + 001

693e + 000462e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

(b)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

795e + 000994e + 000

596e + 000395e + 000199e + 000292e ndash 009

(c)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

763e + 000954e + 000

573e + 000382e + 000191e + 000261e ndash 010

(d)

Figure 9 Velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

10 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

cutting depth of the shearer deepened the coal loading rateof the drum was reduced e main reason for this was thatthe mining depth of the shearer drum was too largeresulting in a cumulative increase of the amount of coalfalling in the capacity space of the drum blade causing long-term blockage which was dicult to clear and increased thedrumrsquos resistance

5 Conclusion

(1) e discrete element analysis software was used tostudy the dynamic cutting process of coal miningwith a shearing coal drum and it could dynami-cally observe the rock fragmentation and coal rockvelocity trajectory and it has provided a new

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

131141118027104912

28921e ndash 9131141262281393422524562655703786844917984

1569 5192 8814 12437 16059 1968

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111346666462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

99382894438795056

291622e ndash 9099328198164

39752849591

596292

298146

695674

955 4815 8674 12533 1639 20252

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

954196858776763357

215678e ndash 100954196

190839

381678477098572518

286259

667937

1097 4699 8299 1190 1550 1910

(d)

Figure 10 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

954e + 000119e + 001

715e + 000477e + 000238e + 000412e ndash 009

(a)

868e + 000108e + 001

651e + 000434e + 000217e + 000330e ndash 010

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(b)Time 445 s

Velocity (ms)

751e + 000939e + 000

563e + 000376e + 000188e + 000466e ndash 009

(c)

924e + 000693e + 000465e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

116e + 001

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(d)

Figure 11 Velocity of the coal ow (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 11

method for studying the working performance of ashearer

(2) e research indicated that the coal loading rate of thedrum decreased with the increase of the depth of cutincreased with the increase of the rotating speed of thedrum and decreased with the increase of the pullingspeede three-way force of the drum increased withthe increase of the traction speed decreased with theincrease of the drumrsquos rotational speed and increasedwith the increase of the depth of cut

(3) It can be seen from the analysis of the coal cuttingforce and the coal loading rate of the drum cuttingthat the drum could achieve high-eciency cutting ifthe cutting depth rotational speed and tractionspeed were dynamically matched

Data Availability

e data used to support the ndings of this study areavailable from the corresponding author upon request

Conflicts of Interest

e authors declare that they have no conicts of interest

Acknowledgments

is work was supported by National Natural Science(51674134) and Liaoning Provincial Education Department(LJ2017QL017)

References

[1] L Zhao andM Dong ldquoLoad problems of workingmechanismof the shearer in containing pyrites and tin coal seamrdquo Joumalof China Coal Society vol 34 no 6 pp 840ndash844 2009

[2] J He and Z Wang ldquoNumerical simulation of coal cuttingprocess of thin coal seam shearer spiral drumrdquo Coal Engi-neering vol 6 pp 97ndash99 2013

[3] R Li DEM Simulation Study of Cutting Coal for the CuttingHeader Shenyang Ligong University Shenyang China 2014

[4] Y Ji and X Cao ldquoDEM simulation method study for pickscutting coal of roadheaderrdquo Journal of liaoning engineeringtechnology university (natural science edition) vol 302 no 4pp 488ndash492 2013

[5] K-D Gao Study on Coal-Loading Performance of in CoalSeam Shearer China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou China 2014

[6] J Mao X Liu H Chong et al ldquoSimulation research of shearerdrum cutting performance based on EDEMrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 4 pp 1069ndash1077 2017

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

119234107311953874

411611e ndash 9119234238469357703476937596172715406

83464

199 5453 8916 12379 15842 19305

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

108489976398

86791

330087e ndash 10108489216977

433955542444650932

325466

759421

8628 461 8358 12106 15853 1960

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

939091845182751273

466482e ndash 90999091

187818

375637469546563455

281727

657364

8393 45445 8249 11955 1556 19366

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(d)

Figure 12 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

12 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

[7] O Su andN Ali Akcin ldquoNumerical simulation of rock cuttingusing the discrete element methodrdquo International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences vol 48 no 3 2010

[8] Z Tian L Zhao X Liu et al ldquoLoading performance of spiraldrum based on discrete element methodrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 10 pp 2758ndash2764 2017

[9] W McBride and P W Cleary ldquoAn investigation and opti-mization of the ldquoOLDSrdquo elevator using discrete elementmodelingrdquo Powder Technology vol 193 no 3 pp 216ndash2342009

[10] L Zhao Z Tian W Bao et al ldquoA New Method of EDEM onthin seam shearer loading performance and application basedonrdquo Journal of Mechanical Strength vol 39 no 3 pp 663ndash667 2017

[11] H Wu C Cheng C Ji et al ldquoDiscrete element methodanalysis of pick cutting coal seam based on PFC3Drdquo CoalMine Machinery vol 36 no 10 pp 134ndash136 2015

[12] J Bao Y Wang and Y Zhang ldquoSimulation analysis ofworking process for double drum-type shearer via discreteelement methodrdquo Coal Mine Machinery vol 39 no 7pp 60ndash62 2018

[13] CWang ldquoResearch of shearer drum loading simulation basedon DEMrdquo Coal Technology vol 37 no 1 pp 232ndash234 2018

[14] D A Estay and L E Chiang ldquoDiscrete crack model forsimulating rock comminution processes with the DiscreteElement Methodrdquo International Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Mining Sciences vol 60 pp 125ndash133 2013

[15] J Mao X Liu H Chen et al ldquoDifferent installation angle ofcutting picks affected to cutting performances of coal shearerrdquoCoal Science and Technology vol 45 no 10 pp 144ndash149 2017

[16] X Liu L Zhao F Renjin et al ldquoResearch on kinematicparameter optimum matching of thin coal seam shearerrdquoMechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineeringvol 36 no 11 pp 1701ndash1707 2017

[17] X Zhang Y Wang and Z Yang ldquoSimulation and analysis oncoal cutting process based on EDEMrdquo Coal Technologyvol 34 no 8 pp 243-244 2015

[18] G Wang H Wanjun and J Wang Discrete Element Methodand its Practice on EDEM Northwestern PolytechnicalUniversity Press Xirsquoan China 2010

[19] J Liu C Ma Q Zeng and K Gao ldquoDiscrete element sim-ulation of conical pickrsquos coal cutting process under differentcutting parametersrdquo Shock and Vibration vol 2018 ArticleID 7975141 9 pages 2018

[20] T Qu J Jiang and L Zhao 4e Key Technology of HighEfficiency Fully MechanizedMining in Complex Structure4inCoal Seam China University of Mining and Technology pressXuzhou China 2010

[21] Q Lei Based on Discrete Element Material Crushing Mech-anism Research Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou China 2012

[22] J Quist and C M Evertsson Cone Crusher Modeling andSimulation Department of Product and Production Devel-opment Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSweden 2012

[23] L Xia Study of Vibration Compression Breakage Process baseon Multi-Scale Cohesive Particle Model Jiangxi University ofScience and Technology Jiangxi China 2016

[24] L Zhao Z Fan and W Zhou ldquoStudy on reliability of spiraldrum in the breaking and falling process of coal and rockrdquoJournal of Safety Science and Technology vol 13 no 7pp 100ndash105 2017

[25] C Xu Y Wang Z Yang et al ldquoResearch on the particlemovement behavior in coaling process of drum reversionrdquo

Mining Research and Development vol 37 no 5 pp 104ndash1082017

[26] Z Qu Optimization Design Research for Parameter of theShearer Screw Drum Northeastern University ShenyangChina 2008

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 13

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AerospaceEngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

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Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

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Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

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Submit your manuscripts atwwwhindawicom

where A πR2 J (12)πR4 and R r1r2

radic R is thebonding radius Fn and Ft are the normal and tangentialforces between the particles Tn and Tt are the normal andtangential moments between the particles A is the contactarea and J is the polar moment of inertia

3 Simulation Model of the Drum CuttingCoal Rock

31 Establishment of the Discrete Element Method of the CoalRock Model In order to accurately establish the coal wallmodel the coal seam samples and rock samples were tested[20] including density tensile strength compressivestrength elastic modulus Poissonrsquos ratio cohesion andinternal friction angle 0e test results of the physical andmechanical parameters of the coal rock are shown inTable 2

Both the coal and rock used the Hertz-Mindlin bondingcontact models 0e normal contact stiffness Sn and thetangential contact stiffness St were calculated by usingequations (1) and (2) and the relevant parameters fromTables 1 and 2 0e normal stress σ and tangential stress τcan be calculated by MohrndashCoulomb theory When thestress value exceeds σ or τ the corresponding tensile or shearfailure or shear failure occurs [21] as shown in the followingformula

σ 12

σ1 + σ3( 1113857 +12

σ1 minus σ3( 1113857cos 2α

τ C + σ tan φ

α π4

+φ2

⎧⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎨

⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎩

(7)

where σ is the normal stress on the failure surface (MPa) τ isthe shear stress of the failure surface (MPa) σ1 is themaximum principal stress (MPa) σ3 is the minimumprincipal stress (MPa) α is the shear failure angle (deg) φ is theinternal friction angle (deg) and C is the cohesion of coal rock(MPa) Among them σ1 and σ3 can be calculated byMcClintock and Walshrsquos modified Griffith formula asshown in the following formula

σ1 minus4σt

1minus σ3σ1( 1113857( 11138571 + f2

1113968minusf 1 + σ3σ1( 1113857( 1113857

σ3σc

σ3σc

1 + f2

1113968+ f

1 + f2

1113968minusf

+ 1

⎧⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎨

⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎩

(8)

where σt is the tensile strength of the material (MPa) σc isthe compressive strength of the material (MPa) and f is thecoefficient of friction 0e normal stress σ and tangentialstress τ were calculated by using equations (7) and (8) andthe relevant parameters from Table 2 0e parameters of theparticle contact model [20] are shown in Table 3

0e coal particles were nonuniform and spherical andthe radius of the sphere varied from 6mm to 18mm [18] Toestablish the coal rock model it was necessary to first es-tablish a coal wall particle factory and fill it with the coalparticles When the coal particles had been introduced avirtual rock particle factory was built and the rock particleswere introduced Finally a virtual coal particle factory wasbuilt and the coal particles were introduced 0is completedthe filling process of the coal wall containing a layer of rock0e filled coal rock model was compressed so that thedistance between the particles reached the contact radiusand the particles were bonded according to the parametersof Table 3 and a three-dimensional model of the bondcontact with the rock wall was obtained

32 Establishment of the Drum Model Taking the spiraldrum of the MG2lowast55250-BWD type coal mining machineas the prototype the three-dimensional solid model of thedrum was established in ProE as shown in Figure 2(a) andthe picking arrangement diagram of the drum was estab-lished as shown in Figure 2(b) 0e drum model was im-ported into the discrete element model in the IGES fileformat

33 Simulation Setup and Solution According to the actualworking conditions the rotational speed of the drum was95 rmin and the traction speed was 4mmin In order toensure the stability of the simulation the time step should be

Table 1 Particle parameters of coal rock

Dynamic friction coefficient Static friction coefficient Recovery coefficientCoal and coal 005 08 05Rock and rock 005 07 05Coal and rock 005 075 05Coal and drum 001 05 05Rock and drum 001 06 05

Table 2 Physical and mechanical parameters of coal

Density(kgm3)

Tensile strength(MPa)

Compressive strength(MPa)

Elastic modulus(MPa)

Poissonrsquos ratio(MPa) Cohesion Internal friction

angle (deg)Coal 146692 238 1543 3940 033 45 38Rock 245580 622 3462 20960 016 142 34

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 3

appropriate and the Rayleigh time step [22] is the maximumof the time step of particle set determined by

TR πrρG( )

12(01631μ + 08766)minus1 (9)

where TR is the Rayleigh time step r is the coal particleradius ρ is the particle densityG is the shear modulus and μis the Poisson ratio e time step is usually set from therange of 10 to 40TR In this paper the time step was20TR Rayleigh time step was calculated as 342eminus 06 sesimulation time was 6 s the target storage time interval was001 s and the grid size was 5 times that of the minimumparticle radius and the coal mining machine cutting coalrock process is shown in Figure 3

4 Analysis of the Simulation Results

41 Analysis of the ree-Dimensional Force of the DrumIn the EDEM postprocessing the three-directional forceand the total force of the drum were extracted and exportedas a CVS le and the three-dimensional force curve wasobtained in MATLAB as shown in Figure 4 It can be seenfrom Figure 4(a) that when the drum cut the coal rock thetotal force uctuated irregularly within a certain rangeiswas because the position number and declination of thepicks involved in the cutting were constantly changing withtime and the coal rock was not regular In the three-directional force the Z-direction force was the cuttingresistance the X-direction force was the traction resistanceand the Y-direction force was the axial force Among themthe value of the cutting resistance was the largest thetraction resistance was second and the axial force was thesmallest as shown in Figure 4(b) e Y-direction force ofthe drum uctuated above and below zero but its averagevalue was not zero

42 Force Analysis of Each Intercept Pick It can be seen fromthe pick arrangement diagram of the drum that the barrelhad 7 sections and the end plate had 5 sections In thepostprocessing of EDEM the force of each pick wasextracted and collated by MATLAB Figure 5

43 e Inuence of the Rotational Speed the Traction Speedand the Cutting Depth on the Triaxial Force of the Drum

431 Inuence of the Rotational Speed on the Triaxial Forceof the Drum In order to obtain the relationship between therotational speed and the triaxial force the simulations werecarried out with dierent rotational speeds of 75 rmin 85 rmin 95 rmin and 105 rmin and a traction speed of 4mmin e load uctuation coecient [23 24] can measurethe cutting performance of the drum e load uctuationcoecient is

Table 3 Particle contact model parameters

Normal stiness (Nm) Tangential stiness (Nm) Normal stress (MPa) Tangential stress (MPa)Coal and coal 113times108 901times 107 832 236Rock and rock 198times108 159times108 264 1330Coal and rock 144times108 115times108 1700 740

1 5 2 3 46

7

8

91011 12

13 1415 16

17 18

167

19 2021 22

23 24

0deg 18deg

12deg

12deg

16deg

16deg

A

EC D

B

1234567

(a) (b)

Figure 2 (a) e picking arrangement diagram of the drum (b) ree-dimensional model of the drum

Coal

Rock

Coal

Drum

YX

Z

Figure 3 e model of the drum cutting coal containing a dirtband

4 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

δ 1F

1rsumr

i1Fi minusF( )2

radicradic

F 1rsumr

i1Fi

(10)

where Fi is the instantaneous value of the drum load and F isthe average of the drum load e three-way extraction forceis shown in Table 4 It can be seen from Table 4 that theaverage value of the three-way resultant force decreased withthe increase of the rotational speed when the traction speedand the depth of the cut were constant the rotational speed ofthe drum increased the cutting thickness decreased and thecorresponding cutting resistance decreased

432 Inuence of the Traction Speed on the ree-Way Forceof the Drum In order to obtain the relationship between

the traction speed and the triaxial force the simulationswere carried out with dierent traction speeds of 3mmin4mmin 5mmin and 6mmin and the speed of the drumwas 95 rmin e three directions of the drum wereextracted in postprocessing e force and the three-wayforce were collated by MATLAB as shown in Table 5 It canbe seen from Table 5 that the average value of the resultantthree-way force increased with the increase of the tractionspeed Due to the increase of the traction speed when therotational speed was constant the maximum cuttingthickness of the drum increased and the force received bythe drum cutter per unit time also increased so the re-sultant force increased

433 Inuence of the Cutting Depth on the ree-Way Forceof the Drum In order to obtain the relationship between thecutting depth and the triaxial force simulations were carriedout with dierent cutting depths of 480mm 530mm

0 1 2 3 4 5 6Time (s)

times10476543210

Forc

e (N

)

(a)

Time (s)

Forc

e (N

)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

times1046543210

ndash1ndash2ndash3ndash4

Force in X directionForce in Y directionForce in Z direction

(b)

Figure 4 (a) e total force of the drum (b) ree-directional force of the drum

I

II

(a)

0 21 3 4 5 6Time (s)

0706050403020100

Coa

l-loa

ding

rate

(b)

FIGURE 5 e total force of the teeth e force of the (a) 11th and 12th teeth (b) 13th and 14th teeth (c) 15th and 16th teeth (d) 17th and18th teeth (e) 19th and 20th teeth (f ) 21st and 22nd teeth (g) 23rd and 24th teeth (h) 10th tooth (i) 9th tooth (j) 7th and 8th teeth (k) 5thand 6th teeth (l) 1st 2nd 3rd and 4th teeth

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 5

580mm and 630mm and the traction speed was 4mminand the drumrsquos speed was 95rmin 0e three-way resultantforce of the extraction drum was extracted and sorted byMATLAB 0e results are shown in Table 6 It can be seenfrom Table 6 that the average value of the three-way force ofthe drum increased with the increase of the cutting depthWhen the cutting depth of the cut increased the number ofpicks involved in the cut increased causing the resultantforce of the drum to increase

44 Research on the Performance of Drum LoadingStatistics on the particle mass of the floating coal zone Iand the effective coal loading area II have been shown inFigure 6(a) 0e total amount of coal falling was the sumof the particle mass in the effective coal loading zoneand the floating coal zone [25] 0e coal loading rate η is themass of the effective coal loading area divided by the totalmass of falling coal as shown in the following equation

η me

me + mf (11)

where me is the particle mass of the loading coal zone andmf is the particle mass of the floating coal zone When thedrumrsquos rotational speed was 95 rmin the traction speedwas 4mmin and the cutting depth was 580mm the drumrsquoscoal loading rate curve is shown in Figure 6(b) It can be

seen from Figure 6(b) that the coal loading rate fluctuated acertain amount during the start-up phase of the shearerand the coal loading rate became constant as the timeincreased

441 Influence of Rotational Speed on the Drum LoadingRate In order to study the effect of the rotational speed onthe drum loading rate the rotational speeds used were 75 rmin 85 rmin 95 rmin and 105 rmin the cutting depthwas 630mm the traction speed was 4mmin and thesimulation was then carried out In the EDEM posttreat-ment the coal flow velocity of 445 s in the four workingconditions was obtained [26] as shown in Figure 7 It can beseen from Figure 7 that the rotational speed increased from75 rmin to 105 rmin and the instantaneous maximumvelocity of the coal particles increased from 981ms to156ms mainly because the cut coal rock was driven by thedrumWhen the rotational speed of the drum was large theparticles were thrown outward under the frictional force ofthe drum and the maximum throwing speed of the par-ticles increased

In order to analyze the instantaneous velocity and thethrowing position of the particles the distance vs velocitydiagram of the particles obtained for each working con-dition in the postprocessing is shown in Figure 8 As can beseen from Figure 5 the maximum number of particles ofthe instantaneous velocity of the coal flow in Figure 8 wassmall At most the instantaneous velocity of the particles

Table 4 0e relationship between the rotational speed and the three-directional force of the drum

Rotationalspeed(rmin)

X-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof X-force

Y-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Y-force

Z-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Z-force

Resultantforce

(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficient

75 minus652e3 minus00104 108e2 03406 117e4 00076 20154e4 0036485 minus612e3 minus00111 minus303e2 minus01650 112e4 00077 19351e4 0027595 828e3 minus00093 minus598e2 minus0102 165e4 00062 19180e4 00373105 minus582e3 minus00116 minus152e2 minus03480 106e4 00085 18547e4 00341

Table 5 0e relationship between the traction speed and the three-directional force of the drum

Tractionspeedmmin

X-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof X-force

Y-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Y-force

Z-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Z-force

Resultantforce

(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficient

3 minus614e3 minus00106 minus172e2 minus03065 111e4 00078 13181e4 003484 minus828e3 minus00093 minus598e2 minus01020 165e4 00062 19180e4 003735 minus918e3 minus00085 minus754e2 minus00862 220e4 00053 24518e4 003636 minus129e4 minus00064 minus558e2 minus01124 291e4 00043 32393e4 00368

Table 6 0e relationship between the cutting depth and the three-directional force of the drum

Cuttingdepthmm

X-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof X-force

Y-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Y-force

Z-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Z-force

Resultantforce

(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficient

480 minus684e3 minus00355 minus928e2 minus0293 125e4 00311 14733e4 00312530 minus659e3 minus00361 minus824e2 minus0282 136e4 00314 15902e4 00305580 minus708e3 minus00347 minus635e2 minus0258 148e4 00306 16973e4 00293630 minus828e3 minus00093 minus598e2 minus0102 165e4 00062 19180e4 00373

6 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25Fo

rce (

N)

times104Section 1

11th tooth12th tooth

(a)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25 times104

13th tooth14th tooth

Section 2

Forc

e (N

)

(b)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25

Forc

e (N

)

15th tooth16th tooth

times104Section 3

(c)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

17th tooth18th tooth

times104Section 4

002040608

112141618

2Fo

rce (

N)

(d)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

19th tooth20th tooth

times104Section 5

002040608

112141618

2

Forc

e (N

)

(e)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

21st tooth22nd tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

Section 6

Forc

e (N

)

(f )

Figure 6 Continued

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 7

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

23rd tooth24th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000Fo

rce (

N)

Section 7

(g)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

10th tooth

times104Section E

0

05

1

15

2

25

3

Forc

e (N

)

(h)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

9th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

Forc

e (N

)

Section D

(i)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

7th tooth8th tooth

times104Section C

0

05

1

15

2

25Fo

rce (

N)

(j)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

5th tooth6th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

Forc

e (N

)

Section B

(k)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

Forc

e (N

)

Section A

1st tooth2nd tooth3rd tooth4th tooth

(l)

Figure 6 (a) Statistics zone (b) e coal loading rate curve

8 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

did not exceed 7ms at the same time e drum had adepth of 630mm and the coal wall had a width of 800mmIt can be seen from Figure 5 that the number of eectivecoal loading zones was dierent when the cylinder speedwas dierent

e coal loading rate statistics are shown in Table 7 Ascan be seen from Table 7 as the drumrsquos rotational speed

increased the coal loading rate gradually increased Since thespeed of the drum was low the movement of the particles inthe drumwasmainly sliding and the speed of particle ejectionwas small As the rotational speed of the drum increased themovement of the particles was more aected by the rotationof the drum so that the particles were thrown into the ef-fective coal loading area so the coal loading rate improved

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

785e + 000981e + 000

589e + 000392e + 000196e + 000512e ndash 010

(a)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

843e + 000105e + 001

632e + 000422e + 000211e + 000219e ndash 010

(b)Time 445sVelocity (ms)

924e + 000116e + 001

693e + 000426e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

(c)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

124e + 001156e + 001

933e + 000622e + 000311e + 000198e ndash 010

(d)

Figure 7 Velocity of the coal particles (a) n 75 rmin (b) n 85 rmin (c) n 95 rmin (d) n 105 rmin

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

981204883084784964

51169e ndash 100981204

196241294361392482490602588723686843

8062 44136 80211 11628 15236 18843

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

105388948488843101

21928e ndash 10105388210775

42155526938632325

316163

737713

726 4375 8023 11672 1532 18969

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 20101

577777

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

155564140007124451

198241e ndash 10155564311127

622255777818933382

456691

108895

767 5032 9298 1356 1782 2209

(d)

Figure 8 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) n 75 rmin (b) n 85 rmin (c) n 95 rmin (d) n 105 rmin

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 9

442 Inuence of Traction Speed on the Drum Loading RateIn order to study the inuence of the traction speed of thedrum on the coal loading rate of the drum the drum speedwas set to 95 rmin the cutting depth was 630mm thetraction speeds used were 3mmin 4mmin 5mmin and6mmin and the simulation was then carried out e coalparticle velocity of the drum obtained in the posttreatment isshown in Figure 9 It can be seen from Figure 9 that as thetraction speed increased the number of coal rock particlesfalling into the eective coal loading zone gradually increasedHowever the traction speed was too large so the amount ofcoal falling into the oating coal zone increased so the coalcharging rate was lowered e distance vs speed of the coalow is shown in Figure 10 As can be seen from Figure 10 asthe traction speed increased the velocity of most of theparticles in each working condition gradually increasedMainly due to the higher traction speed the thickness of thedrum cutting layer per unit time increased and the corre-sponding instantaneous throwing particle speed increased

e coal loading rate of the abovementioned workingcondition for the drum is shown in Table 7 It can be seenfrom Table 7 that as the traction speed of the drum increased

the loading rate of the drum decreased As the traction speedincreased the coal ow rate in the drum blades increasedwhich reduced the amount of coal rock that could not bedischarged by the coal wall and the picks due to the lowtraction speed As the traction speed continued to increasethe unit interception coal volume of the shearer exceeded thecoal retention space in the drum blade causing the coal rockow to block the drum and it could not be discharged in timewhich greatly reduced the coal loading rate of the drum

443 Inuence of the Cutting Depth on the Drum LoadingRate In order to study the eect of the cutting depth on thespeed of the coal particles the rotational speed of the drumwas set to 95rmin the traction speed was set to 4mminand the dierent depths used were 480mm 530mm580mm and 630mm e coal particle velocity and coalparticle distance were obtained for the dierent depths espeeds are shown in Figures 11 and 12 It can be seen fromFigures 11 and 12 that as the depth of cut increased theamount of coal particles thrown into the coal charging zonegradually decreased It can be seen from Table 5 that as the

Table 7 e statistics of the coal loading rate

Traction speed (mmin) Rotational speed (mrmin) Cutting depth (mm) Average coal loading rate ()

4

75 416885

630

432395 4559105 4877

3 46684

95 6304559

5 44216 4345

480 5690

4 95530 50061580 4933630 4559

262e + 000281e ndash 009

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

105e + 001131e + 001

787e + 000525e + 000

(a)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

924e + 000116e + 001

693e + 000462e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

(b)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

795e + 000994e + 000

596e + 000395e + 000199e + 000292e ndash 009

(c)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

763e + 000954e + 000

573e + 000382e + 000191e + 000261e ndash 010

(d)

Figure 9 Velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

10 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

cutting depth of the shearer deepened the coal loading rateof the drum was reduced e main reason for this was thatthe mining depth of the shearer drum was too largeresulting in a cumulative increase of the amount of coalfalling in the capacity space of the drum blade causing long-term blockage which was dicult to clear and increased thedrumrsquos resistance

5 Conclusion

(1) e discrete element analysis software was used tostudy the dynamic cutting process of coal miningwith a shearing coal drum and it could dynami-cally observe the rock fragmentation and coal rockvelocity trajectory and it has provided a new

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

131141118027104912

28921e ndash 9131141262281393422524562655703786844917984

1569 5192 8814 12437 16059 1968

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111346666462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

99382894438795056

291622e ndash 9099328198164

39752849591

596292

298146

695674

955 4815 8674 12533 1639 20252

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

954196858776763357

215678e ndash 100954196

190839

381678477098572518

286259

667937

1097 4699 8299 1190 1550 1910

(d)

Figure 10 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

954e + 000119e + 001

715e + 000477e + 000238e + 000412e ndash 009

(a)

868e + 000108e + 001

651e + 000434e + 000217e + 000330e ndash 010

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(b)Time 445 s

Velocity (ms)

751e + 000939e + 000

563e + 000376e + 000188e + 000466e ndash 009

(c)

924e + 000693e + 000465e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

116e + 001

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(d)

Figure 11 Velocity of the coal ow (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 11

method for studying the working performance of ashearer

(2) e research indicated that the coal loading rate of thedrum decreased with the increase of the depth of cutincreased with the increase of the rotating speed of thedrum and decreased with the increase of the pullingspeede three-way force of the drum increased withthe increase of the traction speed decreased with theincrease of the drumrsquos rotational speed and increasedwith the increase of the depth of cut

(3) It can be seen from the analysis of the coal cuttingforce and the coal loading rate of the drum cuttingthat the drum could achieve high-eciency cutting ifthe cutting depth rotational speed and tractionspeed were dynamically matched

Data Availability

e data used to support the ndings of this study areavailable from the corresponding author upon request

Conflicts of Interest

e authors declare that they have no conicts of interest

Acknowledgments

is work was supported by National Natural Science(51674134) and Liaoning Provincial Education Department(LJ2017QL017)

References

[1] L Zhao andM Dong ldquoLoad problems of workingmechanismof the shearer in containing pyrites and tin coal seamrdquo Joumalof China Coal Society vol 34 no 6 pp 840ndash844 2009

[2] J He and Z Wang ldquoNumerical simulation of coal cuttingprocess of thin coal seam shearer spiral drumrdquo Coal Engi-neering vol 6 pp 97ndash99 2013

[3] R Li DEM Simulation Study of Cutting Coal for the CuttingHeader Shenyang Ligong University Shenyang China 2014

[4] Y Ji and X Cao ldquoDEM simulation method study for pickscutting coal of roadheaderrdquo Journal of liaoning engineeringtechnology university (natural science edition) vol 302 no 4pp 488ndash492 2013

[5] K-D Gao Study on Coal-Loading Performance of in CoalSeam Shearer China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou China 2014

[6] J Mao X Liu H Chong et al ldquoSimulation research of shearerdrum cutting performance based on EDEMrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 4 pp 1069ndash1077 2017

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

119234107311953874

411611e ndash 9119234238469357703476937596172715406

83464

199 5453 8916 12379 15842 19305

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

108489976398

86791

330087e ndash 10108489216977

433955542444650932

325466

759421

8628 461 8358 12106 15853 1960

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

939091845182751273

466482e ndash 90999091

187818

375637469546563455

281727

657364

8393 45445 8249 11955 1556 19366

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(d)

Figure 12 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

12 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

[7] O Su andN Ali Akcin ldquoNumerical simulation of rock cuttingusing the discrete element methodrdquo International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences vol 48 no 3 2010

[8] Z Tian L Zhao X Liu et al ldquoLoading performance of spiraldrum based on discrete element methodrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 10 pp 2758ndash2764 2017

[9] W McBride and P W Cleary ldquoAn investigation and opti-mization of the ldquoOLDSrdquo elevator using discrete elementmodelingrdquo Powder Technology vol 193 no 3 pp 216ndash2342009

[10] L Zhao Z Tian W Bao et al ldquoA New Method of EDEM onthin seam shearer loading performance and application basedonrdquo Journal of Mechanical Strength vol 39 no 3 pp 663ndash667 2017

[11] H Wu C Cheng C Ji et al ldquoDiscrete element methodanalysis of pick cutting coal seam based on PFC3Drdquo CoalMine Machinery vol 36 no 10 pp 134ndash136 2015

[12] J Bao Y Wang and Y Zhang ldquoSimulation analysis ofworking process for double drum-type shearer via discreteelement methodrdquo Coal Mine Machinery vol 39 no 7pp 60ndash62 2018

[13] CWang ldquoResearch of shearer drum loading simulation basedon DEMrdquo Coal Technology vol 37 no 1 pp 232ndash234 2018

[14] D A Estay and L E Chiang ldquoDiscrete crack model forsimulating rock comminution processes with the DiscreteElement Methodrdquo International Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Mining Sciences vol 60 pp 125ndash133 2013

[15] J Mao X Liu H Chen et al ldquoDifferent installation angle ofcutting picks affected to cutting performances of coal shearerrdquoCoal Science and Technology vol 45 no 10 pp 144ndash149 2017

[16] X Liu L Zhao F Renjin et al ldquoResearch on kinematicparameter optimum matching of thin coal seam shearerrdquoMechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineeringvol 36 no 11 pp 1701ndash1707 2017

[17] X Zhang Y Wang and Z Yang ldquoSimulation and analysis oncoal cutting process based on EDEMrdquo Coal Technologyvol 34 no 8 pp 243-244 2015

[18] G Wang H Wanjun and J Wang Discrete Element Methodand its Practice on EDEM Northwestern PolytechnicalUniversity Press Xirsquoan China 2010

[19] J Liu C Ma Q Zeng and K Gao ldquoDiscrete element sim-ulation of conical pickrsquos coal cutting process under differentcutting parametersrdquo Shock and Vibration vol 2018 ArticleID 7975141 9 pages 2018

[20] T Qu J Jiang and L Zhao 4e Key Technology of HighEfficiency Fully MechanizedMining in Complex Structure4inCoal Seam China University of Mining and Technology pressXuzhou China 2010

[21] Q Lei Based on Discrete Element Material Crushing Mech-anism Research Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou China 2012

[22] J Quist and C M Evertsson Cone Crusher Modeling andSimulation Department of Product and Production Devel-opment Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSweden 2012

[23] L Xia Study of Vibration Compression Breakage Process baseon Multi-Scale Cohesive Particle Model Jiangxi University ofScience and Technology Jiangxi China 2016

[24] L Zhao Z Fan and W Zhou ldquoStudy on reliability of spiraldrum in the breaking and falling process of coal and rockrdquoJournal of Safety Science and Technology vol 13 no 7pp 100ndash105 2017

[25] C Xu Y Wang Z Yang et al ldquoResearch on the particlemovement behavior in coaling process of drum reversionrdquo

Mining Research and Development vol 37 no 5 pp 104ndash1082017

[26] Z Qu Optimization Design Research for Parameter of theShearer Screw Drum Northeastern University ShenyangChina 2008

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 13

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Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

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Submit your manuscripts atwwwhindawicom

appropriate and the Rayleigh time step [22] is the maximumof the time step of particle set determined by

TR πrρG( )

12(01631μ + 08766)minus1 (9)

where TR is the Rayleigh time step r is the coal particleradius ρ is the particle densityG is the shear modulus and μis the Poisson ratio e time step is usually set from therange of 10 to 40TR In this paper the time step was20TR Rayleigh time step was calculated as 342eminus 06 sesimulation time was 6 s the target storage time interval was001 s and the grid size was 5 times that of the minimumparticle radius and the coal mining machine cutting coalrock process is shown in Figure 3

4 Analysis of the Simulation Results

41 Analysis of the ree-Dimensional Force of the DrumIn the EDEM postprocessing the three-directional forceand the total force of the drum were extracted and exportedas a CVS le and the three-dimensional force curve wasobtained in MATLAB as shown in Figure 4 It can be seenfrom Figure 4(a) that when the drum cut the coal rock thetotal force uctuated irregularly within a certain rangeiswas because the position number and declination of thepicks involved in the cutting were constantly changing withtime and the coal rock was not regular In the three-directional force the Z-direction force was the cuttingresistance the X-direction force was the traction resistanceand the Y-direction force was the axial force Among themthe value of the cutting resistance was the largest thetraction resistance was second and the axial force was thesmallest as shown in Figure 4(b) e Y-direction force ofthe drum uctuated above and below zero but its averagevalue was not zero

42 Force Analysis of Each Intercept Pick It can be seen fromthe pick arrangement diagram of the drum that the barrelhad 7 sections and the end plate had 5 sections In thepostprocessing of EDEM the force of each pick wasextracted and collated by MATLAB Figure 5

43 e Inuence of the Rotational Speed the Traction Speedand the Cutting Depth on the Triaxial Force of the Drum

431 Inuence of the Rotational Speed on the Triaxial Forceof the Drum In order to obtain the relationship between therotational speed and the triaxial force the simulations werecarried out with dierent rotational speeds of 75 rmin 85 rmin 95 rmin and 105 rmin and a traction speed of 4mmin e load uctuation coecient [23 24] can measurethe cutting performance of the drum e load uctuationcoecient is

Table 3 Particle contact model parameters

Normal stiness (Nm) Tangential stiness (Nm) Normal stress (MPa) Tangential stress (MPa)Coal and coal 113times108 901times 107 832 236Rock and rock 198times108 159times108 264 1330Coal and rock 144times108 115times108 1700 740

1 5 2 3 46

7

8

91011 12

13 1415 16

17 18

167

19 2021 22

23 24

0deg 18deg

12deg

12deg

16deg

16deg

A

EC D

B

1234567

(a) (b)

Figure 2 (a) e picking arrangement diagram of the drum (b) ree-dimensional model of the drum

Coal

Rock

Coal

Drum

YX

Z

Figure 3 e model of the drum cutting coal containing a dirtband

4 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

δ 1F

1rsumr

i1Fi minusF( )2

radicradic

F 1rsumr

i1Fi

(10)

where Fi is the instantaneous value of the drum load and F isthe average of the drum load e three-way extraction forceis shown in Table 4 It can be seen from Table 4 that theaverage value of the three-way resultant force decreased withthe increase of the rotational speed when the traction speedand the depth of the cut were constant the rotational speed ofthe drum increased the cutting thickness decreased and thecorresponding cutting resistance decreased

432 Inuence of the Traction Speed on the ree-Way Forceof the Drum In order to obtain the relationship between

the traction speed and the triaxial force the simulationswere carried out with dierent traction speeds of 3mmin4mmin 5mmin and 6mmin and the speed of the drumwas 95 rmin e three directions of the drum wereextracted in postprocessing e force and the three-wayforce were collated by MATLAB as shown in Table 5 It canbe seen from Table 5 that the average value of the resultantthree-way force increased with the increase of the tractionspeed Due to the increase of the traction speed when therotational speed was constant the maximum cuttingthickness of the drum increased and the force received bythe drum cutter per unit time also increased so the re-sultant force increased

433 Inuence of the Cutting Depth on the ree-Way Forceof the Drum In order to obtain the relationship between thecutting depth and the triaxial force simulations were carriedout with dierent cutting depths of 480mm 530mm

0 1 2 3 4 5 6Time (s)

times10476543210

Forc

e (N

)

(a)

Time (s)

Forc

e (N

)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

times1046543210

ndash1ndash2ndash3ndash4

Force in X directionForce in Y directionForce in Z direction

(b)

Figure 4 (a) e total force of the drum (b) ree-directional force of the drum

I

II

(a)

0 21 3 4 5 6Time (s)

0706050403020100

Coa

l-loa

ding

rate

(b)

FIGURE 5 e total force of the teeth e force of the (a) 11th and 12th teeth (b) 13th and 14th teeth (c) 15th and 16th teeth (d) 17th and18th teeth (e) 19th and 20th teeth (f ) 21st and 22nd teeth (g) 23rd and 24th teeth (h) 10th tooth (i) 9th tooth (j) 7th and 8th teeth (k) 5thand 6th teeth (l) 1st 2nd 3rd and 4th teeth

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 5

580mm and 630mm and the traction speed was 4mminand the drumrsquos speed was 95rmin 0e three-way resultantforce of the extraction drum was extracted and sorted byMATLAB 0e results are shown in Table 6 It can be seenfrom Table 6 that the average value of the three-way force ofthe drum increased with the increase of the cutting depthWhen the cutting depth of the cut increased the number ofpicks involved in the cut increased causing the resultantforce of the drum to increase

44 Research on the Performance of Drum LoadingStatistics on the particle mass of the floating coal zone Iand the effective coal loading area II have been shown inFigure 6(a) 0e total amount of coal falling was the sumof the particle mass in the effective coal loading zoneand the floating coal zone [25] 0e coal loading rate η is themass of the effective coal loading area divided by the totalmass of falling coal as shown in the following equation

η me

me + mf (11)

where me is the particle mass of the loading coal zone andmf is the particle mass of the floating coal zone When thedrumrsquos rotational speed was 95 rmin the traction speedwas 4mmin and the cutting depth was 580mm the drumrsquoscoal loading rate curve is shown in Figure 6(b) It can be

seen from Figure 6(b) that the coal loading rate fluctuated acertain amount during the start-up phase of the shearerand the coal loading rate became constant as the timeincreased

441 Influence of Rotational Speed on the Drum LoadingRate In order to study the effect of the rotational speed onthe drum loading rate the rotational speeds used were 75 rmin 85 rmin 95 rmin and 105 rmin the cutting depthwas 630mm the traction speed was 4mmin and thesimulation was then carried out In the EDEM posttreat-ment the coal flow velocity of 445 s in the four workingconditions was obtained [26] as shown in Figure 7 It can beseen from Figure 7 that the rotational speed increased from75 rmin to 105 rmin and the instantaneous maximumvelocity of the coal particles increased from 981ms to156ms mainly because the cut coal rock was driven by thedrumWhen the rotational speed of the drum was large theparticles were thrown outward under the frictional force ofthe drum and the maximum throwing speed of the par-ticles increased

In order to analyze the instantaneous velocity and thethrowing position of the particles the distance vs velocitydiagram of the particles obtained for each working con-dition in the postprocessing is shown in Figure 8 As can beseen from Figure 5 the maximum number of particles ofthe instantaneous velocity of the coal flow in Figure 8 wassmall At most the instantaneous velocity of the particles

Table 4 0e relationship between the rotational speed and the three-directional force of the drum

Rotationalspeed(rmin)

X-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof X-force

Y-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Y-force

Z-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Z-force

Resultantforce

(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficient

75 minus652e3 minus00104 108e2 03406 117e4 00076 20154e4 0036485 minus612e3 minus00111 minus303e2 minus01650 112e4 00077 19351e4 0027595 828e3 minus00093 minus598e2 minus0102 165e4 00062 19180e4 00373105 minus582e3 minus00116 minus152e2 minus03480 106e4 00085 18547e4 00341

Table 5 0e relationship between the traction speed and the three-directional force of the drum

Tractionspeedmmin

X-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof X-force

Y-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Y-force

Z-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Z-force

Resultantforce

(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficient

3 minus614e3 minus00106 minus172e2 minus03065 111e4 00078 13181e4 003484 minus828e3 minus00093 minus598e2 minus01020 165e4 00062 19180e4 003735 minus918e3 minus00085 minus754e2 minus00862 220e4 00053 24518e4 003636 minus129e4 minus00064 minus558e2 minus01124 291e4 00043 32393e4 00368

Table 6 0e relationship between the cutting depth and the three-directional force of the drum

Cuttingdepthmm

X-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof X-force

Y-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Y-force

Z-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Z-force

Resultantforce

(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficient

480 minus684e3 minus00355 minus928e2 minus0293 125e4 00311 14733e4 00312530 minus659e3 minus00361 minus824e2 minus0282 136e4 00314 15902e4 00305580 minus708e3 minus00347 minus635e2 minus0258 148e4 00306 16973e4 00293630 minus828e3 minus00093 minus598e2 minus0102 165e4 00062 19180e4 00373

6 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25Fo

rce (

N)

times104Section 1

11th tooth12th tooth

(a)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25 times104

13th tooth14th tooth

Section 2

Forc

e (N

)

(b)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25

Forc

e (N

)

15th tooth16th tooth

times104Section 3

(c)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

17th tooth18th tooth

times104Section 4

002040608

112141618

2Fo

rce (

N)

(d)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

19th tooth20th tooth

times104Section 5

002040608

112141618

2

Forc

e (N

)

(e)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

21st tooth22nd tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

Section 6

Forc

e (N

)

(f )

Figure 6 Continued

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 7

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

23rd tooth24th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000Fo

rce (

N)

Section 7

(g)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

10th tooth

times104Section E

0

05

1

15

2

25

3

Forc

e (N

)

(h)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

9th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

Forc

e (N

)

Section D

(i)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

7th tooth8th tooth

times104Section C

0

05

1

15

2

25Fo

rce (

N)

(j)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

5th tooth6th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

Forc

e (N

)

Section B

(k)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

Forc

e (N

)

Section A

1st tooth2nd tooth3rd tooth4th tooth

(l)

Figure 6 (a) Statistics zone (b) e coal loading rate curve

8 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

did not exceed 7ms at the same time e drum had adepth of 630mm and the coal wall had a width of 800mmIt can be seen from Figure 5 that the number of eectivecoal loading zones was dierent when the cylinder speedwas dierent

e coal loading rate statistics are shown in Table 7 Ascan be seen from Table 7 as the drumrsquos rotational speed

increased the coal loading rate gradually increased Since thespeed of the drum was low the movement of the particles inthe drumwasmainly sliding and the speed of particle ejectionwas small As the rotational speed of the drum increased themovement of the particles was more aected by the rotationof the drum so that the particles were thrown into the ef-fective coal loading area so the coal loading rate improved

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

785e + 000981e + 000

589e + 000392e + 000196e + 000512e ndash 010

(a)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

843e + 000105e + 001

632e + 000422e + 000211e + 000219e ndash 010

(b)Time 445sVelocity (ms)

924e + 000116e + 001

693e + 000426e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

(c)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

124e + 001156e + 001

933e + 000622e + 000311e + 000198e ndash 010

(d)

Figure 7 Velocity of the coal particles (a) n 75 rmin (b) n 85 rmin (c) n 95 rmin (d) n 105 rmin

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

981204883084784964

51169e ndash 100981204

196241294361392482490602588723686843

8062 44136 80211 11628 15236 18843

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

105388948488843101

21928e ndash 10105388210775

42155526938632325

316163

737713

726 4375 8023 11672 1532 18969

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 20101

577777

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

155564140007124451

198241e ndash 10155564311127

622255777818933382

456691

108895

767 5032 9298 1356 1782 2209

(d)

Figure 8 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) n 75 rmin (b) n 85 rmin (c) n 95 rmin (d) n 105 rmin

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 9

442 Inuence of Traction Speed on the Drum Loading RateIn order to study the inuence of the traction speed of thedrum on the coal loading rate of the drum the drum speedwas set to 95 rmin the cutting depth was 630mm thetraction speeds used were 3mmin 4mmin 5mmin and6mmin and the simulation was then carried out e coalparticle velocity of the drum obtained in the posttreatment isshown in Figure 9 It can be seen from Figure 9 that as thetraction speed increased the number of coal rock particlesfalling into the eective coal loading zone gradually increasedHowever the traction speed was too large so the amount ofcoal falling into the oating coal zone increased so the coalcharging rate was lowered e distance vs speed of the coalow is shown in Figure 10 As can be seen from Figure 10 asthe traction speed increased the velocity of most of theparticles in each working condition gradually increasedMainly due to the higher traction speed the thickness of thedrum cutting layer per unit time increased and the corre-sponding instantaneous throwing particle speed increased

e coal loading rate of the abovementioned workingcondition for the drum is shown in Table 7 It can be seenfrom Table 7 that as the traction speed of the drum increased

the loading rate of the drum decreased As the traction speedincreased the coal ow rate in the drum blades increasedwhich reduced the amount of coal rock that could not bedischarged by the coal wall and the picks due to the lowtraction speed As the traction speed continued to increasethe unit interception coal volume of the shearer exceeded thecoal retention space in the drum blade causing the coal rockow to block the drum and it could not be discharged in timewhich greatly reduced the coal loading rate of the drum

443 Inuence of the Cutting Depth on the Drum LoadingRate In order to study the eect of the cutting depth on thespeed of the coal particles the rotational speed of the drumwas set to 95rmin the traction speed was set to 4mminand the dierent depths used were 480mm 530mm580mm and 630mm e coal particle velocity and coalparticle distance were obtained for the dierent depths espeeds are shown in Figures 11 and 12 It can be seen fromFigures 11 and 12 that as the depth of cut increased theamount of coal particles thrown into the coal charging zonegradually decreased It can be seen from Table 5 that as the

Table 7 e statistics of the coal loading rate

Traction speed (mmin) Rotational speed (mrmin) Cutting depth (mm) Average coal loading rate ()

4

75 416885

630

432395 4559105 4877

3 46684

95 6304559

5 44216 4345

480 5690

4 95530 50061580 4933630 4559

262e + 000281e ndash 009

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

105e + 001131e + 001

787e + 000525e + 000

(a)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

924e + 000116e + 001

693e + 000462e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

(b)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

795e + 000994e + 000

596e + 000395e + 000199e + 000292e ndash 009

(c)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

763e + 000954e + 000

573e + 000382e + 000191e + 000261e ndash 010

(d)

Figure 9 Velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

10 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

cutting depth of the shearer deepened the coal loading rateof the drum was reduced e main reason for this was thatthe mining depth of the shearer drum was too largeresulting in a cumulative increase of the amount of coalfalling in the capacity space of the drum blade causing long-term blockage which was dicult to clear and increased thedrumrsquos resistance

5 Conclusion

(1) e discrete element analysis software was used tostudy the dynamic cutting process of coal miningwith a shearing coal drum and it could dynami-cally observe the rock fragmentation and coal rockvelocity trajectory and it has provided a new

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

131141118027104912

28921e ndash 9131141262281393422524562655703786844917984

1569 5192 8814 12437 16059 1968

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111346666462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

99382894438795056

291622e ndash 9099328198164

39752849591

596292

298146

695674

955 4815 8674 12533 1639 20252

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

954196858776763357

215678e ndash 100954196

190839

381678477098572518

286259

667937

1097 4699 8299 1190 1550 1910

(d)

Figure 10 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

954e + 000119e + 001

715e + 000477e + 000238e + 000412e ndash 009

(a)

868e + 000108e + 001

651e + 000434e + 000217e + 000330e ndash 010

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(b)Time 445 s

Velocity (ms)

751e + 000939e + 000

563e + 000376e + 000188e + 000466e ndash 009

(c)

924e + 000693e + 000465e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

116e + 001

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(d)

Figure 11 Velocity of the coal ow (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 11

method for studying the working performance of ashearer

(2) e research indicated that the coal loading rate of thedrum decreased with the increase of the depth of cutincreased with the increase of the rotating speed of thedrum and decreased with the increase of the pullingspeede three-way force of the drum increased withthe increase of the traction speed decreased with theincrease of the drumrsquos rotational speed and increasedwith the increase of the depth of cut

(3) It can be seen from the analysis of the coal cuttingforce and the coal loading rate of the drum cuttingthat the drum could achieve high-eciency cutting ifthe cutting depth rotational speed and tractionspeed were dynamically matched

Data Availability

e data used to support the ndings of this study areavailable from the corresponding author upon request

Conflicts of Interest

e authors declare that they have no conicts of interest

Acknowledgments

is work was supported by National Natural Science(51674134) and Liaoning Provincial Education Department(LJ2017QL017)

References

[1] L Zhao andM Dong ldquoLoad problems of workingmechanismof the shearer in containing pyrites and tin coal seamrdquo Joumalof China Coal Society vol 34 no 6 pp 840ndash844 2009

[2] J He and Z Wang ldquoNumerical simulation of coal cuttingprocess of thin coal seam shearer spiral drumrdquo Coal Engi-neering vol 6 pp 97ndash99 2013

[3] R Li DEM Simulation Study of Cutting Coal for the CuttingHeader Shenyang Ligong University Shenyang China 2014

[4] Y Ji and X Cao ldquoDEM simulation method study for pickscutting coal of roadheaderrdquo Journal of liaoning engineeringtechnology university (natural science edition) vol 302 no 4pp 488ndash492 2013

[5] K-D Gao Study on Coal-Loading Performance of in CoalSeam Shearer China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou China 2014

[6] J Mao X Liu H Chong et al ldquoSimulation research of shearerdrum cutting performance based on EDEMrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 4 pp 1069ndash1077 2017

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

119234107311953874

411611e ndash 9119234238469357703476937596172715406

83464

199 5453 8916 12379 15842 19305

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

108489976398

86791

330087e ndash 10108489216977

433955542444650932

325466

759421

8628 461 8358 12106 15853 1960

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

939091845182751273

466482e ndash 90999091

187818

375637469546563455

281727

657364

8393 45445 8249 11955 1556 19366

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(d)

Figure 12 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

12 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

[7] O Su andN Ali Akcin ldquoNumerical simulation of rock cuttingusing the discrete element methodrdquo International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences vol 48 no 3 2010

[8] Z Tian L Zhao X Liu et al ldquoLoading performance of spiraldrum based on discrete element methodrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 10 pp 2758ndash2764 2017

[9] W McBride and P W Cleary ldquoAn investigation and opti-mization of the ldquoOLDSrdquo elevator using discrete elementmodelingrdquo Powder Technology vol 193 no 3 pp 216ndash2342009

[10] L Zhao Z Tian W Bao et al ldquoA New Method of EDEM onthin seam shearer loading performance and application basedonrdquo Journal of Mechanical Strength vol 39 no 3 pp 663ndash667 2017

[11] H Wu C Cheng C Ji et al ldquoDiscrete element methodanalysis of pick cutting coal seam based on PFC3Drdquo CoalMine Machinery vol 36 no 10 pp 134ndash136 2015

[12] J Bao Y Wang and Y Zhang ldquoSimulation analysis ofworking process for double drum-type shearer via discreteelement methodrdquo Coal Mine Machinery vol 39 no 7pp 60ndash62 2018

[13] CWang ldquoResearch of shearer drum loading simulation basedon DEMrdquo Coal Technology vol 37 no 1 pp 232ndash234 2018

[14] D A Estay and L E Chiang ldquoDiscrete crack model forsimulating rock comminution processes with the DiscreteElement Methodrdquo International Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Mining Sciences vol 60 pp 125ndash133 2013

[15] J Mao X Liu H Chen et al ldquoDifferent installation angle ofcutting picks affected to cutting performances of coal shearerrdquoCoal Science and Technology vol 45 no 10 pp 144ndash149 2017

[16] X Liu L Zhao F Renjin et al ldquoResearch on kinematicparameter optimum matching of thin coal seam shearerrdquoMechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineeringvol 36 no 11 pp 1701ndash1707 2017

[17] X Zhang Y Wang and Z Yang ldquoSimulation and analysis oncoal cutting process based on EDEMrdquo Coal Technologyvol 34 no 8 pp 243-244 2015

[18] G Wang H Wanjun and J Wang Discrete Element Methodand its Practice on EDEM Northwestern PolytechnicalUniversity Press Xirsquoan China 2010

[19] J Liu C Ma Q Zeng and K Gao ldquoDiscrete element sim-ulation of conical pickrsquos coal cutting process under differentcutting parametersrdquo Shock and Vibration vol 2018 ArticleID 7975141 9 pages 2018

[20] T Qu J Jiang and L Zhao 4e Key Technology of HighEfficiency Fully MechanizedMining in Complex Structure4inCoal Seam China University of Mining and Technology pressXuzhou China 2010

[21] Q Lei Based on Discrete Element Material Crushing Mech-anism Research Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou China 2012

[22] J Quist and C M Evertsson Cone Crusher Modeling andSimulation Department of Product and Production Devel-opment Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSweden 2012

[23] L Xia Study of Vibration Compression Breakage Process baseon Multi-Scale Cohesive Particle Model Jiangxi University ofScience and Technology Jiangxi China 2016

[24] L Zhao Z Fan and W Zhou ldquoStudy on reliability of spiraldrum in the breaking and falling process of coal and rockrdquoJournal of Safety Science and Technology vol 13 no 7pp 100ndash105 2017

[25] C Xu Y Wang Z Yang et al ldquoResearch on the particlemovement behavior in coaling process of drum reversionrdquo

Mining Research and Development vol 37 no 5 pp 104ndash1082017

[26] Z Qu Optimization Design Research for Parameter of theShearer Screw Drum Northeastern University ShenyangChina 2008

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 13

International Journal of

AerospaceEngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

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Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Shock and Vibration

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

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Acoustics and VibrationAdvances in

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

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Hindawi Publishing Corporation httpwwwhindawicom Volume 2013Hindawiwwwhindawicom

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Submit your manuscripts atwwwhindawicom

δ 1F

1rsumr

i1Fi minusF( )2

radicradic

F 1rsumr

i1Fi

(10)

where Fi is the instantaneous value of the drum load and F isthe average of the drum load e three-way extraction forceis shown in Table 4 It can be seen from Table 4 that theaverage value of the three-way resultant force decreased withthe increase of the rotational speed when the traction speedand the depth of the cut were constant the rotational speed ofthe drum increased the cutting thickness decreased and thecorresponding cutting resistance decreased

432 Inuence of the Traction Speed on the ree-Way Forceof the Drum In order to obtain the relationship between

the traction speed and the triaxial force the simulationswere carried out with dierent traction speeds of 3mmin4mmin 5mmin and 6mmin and the speed of the drumwas 95 rmin e three directions of the drum wereextracted in postprocessing e force and the three-wayforce were collated by MATLAB as shown in Table 5 It canbe seen from Table 5 that the average value of the resultantthree-way force increased with the increase of the tractionspeed Due to the increase of the traction speed when therotational speed was constant the maximum cuttingthickness of the drum increased and the force received bythe drum cutter per unit time also increased so the re-sultant force increased

433 Inuence of the Cutting Depth on the ree-Way Forceof the Drum In order to obtain the relationship between thecutting depth and the triaxial force simulations were carriedout with dierent cutting depths of 480mm 530mm

0 1 2 3 4 5 6Time (s)

times10476543210

Forc

e (N

)

(a)

Time (s)

Forc

e (N

)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

times1046543210

ndash1ndash2ndash3ndash4

Force in X directionForce in Y directionForce in Z direction

(b)

Figure 4 (a) e total force of the drum (b) ree-directional force of the drum

I

II

(a)

0 21 3 4 5 6Time (s)

0706050403020100

Coa

l-loa

ding

rate

(b)

FIGURE 5 e total force of the teeth e force of the (a) 11th and 12th teeth (b) 13th and 14th teeth (c) 15th and 16th teeth (d) 17th and18th teeth (e) 19th and 20th teeth (f ) 21st and 22nd teeth (g) 23rd and 24th teeth (h) 10th tooth (i) 9th tooth (j) 7th and 8th teeth (k) 5thand 6th teeth (l) 1st 2nd 3rd and 4th teeth

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 5

580mm and 630mm and the traction speed was 4mminand the drumrsquos speed was 95rmin 0e three-way resultantforce of the extraction drum was extracted and sorted byMATLAB 0e results are shown in Table 6 It can be seenfrom Table 6 that the average value of the three-way force ofthe drum increased with the increase of the cutting depthWhen the cutting depth of the cut increased the number ofpicks involved in the cut increased causing the resultantforce of the drum to increase

44 Research on the Performance of Drum LoadingStatistics on the particle mass of the floating coal zone Iand the effective coal loading area II have been shown inFigure 6(a) 0e total amount of coal falling was the sumof the particle mass in the effective coal loading zoneand the floating coal zone [25] 0e coal loading rate η is themass of the effective coal loading area divided by the totalmass of falling coal as shown in the following equation

η me

me + mf (11)

where me is the particle mass of the loading coal zone andmf is the particle mass of the floating coal zone When thedrumrsquos rotational speed was 95 rmin the traction speedwas 4mmin and the cutting depth was 580mm the drumrsquoscoal loading rate curve is shown in Figure 6(b) It can be

seen from Figure 6(b) that the coal loading rate fluctuated acertain amount during the start-up phase of the shearerand the coal loading rate became constant as the timeincreased

441 Influence of Rotational Speed on the Drum LoadingRate In order to study the effect of the rotational speed onthe drum loading rate the rotational speeds used were 75 rmin 85 rmin 95 rmin and 105 rmin the cutting depthwas 630mm the traction speed was 4mmin and thesimulation was then carried out In the EDEM posttreat-ment the coal flow velocity of 445 s in the four workingconditions was obtained [26] as shown in Figure 7 It can beseen from Figure 7 that the rotational speed increased from75 rmin to 105 rmin and the instantaneous maximumvelocity of the coal particles increased from 981ms to156ms mainly because the cut coal rock was driven by thedrumWhen the rotational speed of the drum was large theparticles were thrown outward under the frictional force ofthe drum and the maximum throwing speed of the par-ticles increased

In order to analyze the instantaneous velocity and thethrowing position of the particles the distance vs velocitydiagram of the particles obtained for each working con-dition in the postprocessing is shown in Figure 8 As can beseen from Figure 5 the maximum number of particles ofthe instantaneous velocity of the coal flow in Figure 8 wassmall At most the instantaneous velocity of the particles

Table 4 0e relationship between the rotational speed and the three-directional force of the drum

Rotationalspeed(rmin)

X-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof X-force

Y-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Y-force

Z-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Z-force

Resultantforce

(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficient

75 minus652e3 minus00104 108e2 03406 117e4 00076 20154e4 0036485 minus612e3 minus00111 minus303e2 minus01650 112e4 00077 19351e4 0027595 828e3 minus00093 minus598e2 minus0102 165e4 00062 19180e4 00373105 minus582e3 minus00116 minus152e2 minus03480 106e4 00085 18547e4 00341

Table 5 0e relationship between the traction speed and the three-directional force of the drum

Tractionspeedmmin

X-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof X-force

Y-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Y-force

Z-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Z-force

Resultantforce

(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficient

3 minus614e3 minus00106 minus172e2 minus03065 111e4 00078 13181e4 003484 minus828e3 minus00093 minus598e2 minus01020 165e4 00062 19180e4 003735 minus918e3 minus00085 minus754e2 minus00862 220e4 00053 24518e4 003636 minus129e4 minus00064 minus558e2 minus01124 291e4 00043 32393e4 00368

Table 6 0e relationship between the cutting depth and the three-directional force of the drum

Cuttingdepthmm

X-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof X-force

Y-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Y-force

Z-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Z-force

Resultantforce

(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficient

480 minus684e3 minus00355 minus928e2 minus0293 125e4 00311 14733e4 00312530 minus659e3 minus00361 minus824e2 minus0282 136e4 00314 15902e4 00305580 minus708e3 minus00347 minus635e2 minus0258 148e4 00306 16973e4 00293630 minus828e3 minus00093 minus598e2 minus0102 165e4 00062 19180e4 00373

6 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25Fo

rce (

N)

times104Section 1

11th tooth12th tooth

(a)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25 times104

13th tooth14th tooth

Section 2

Forc

e (N

)

(b)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25

Forc

e (N

)

15th tooth16th tooth

times104Section 3

(c)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

17th tooth18th tooth

times104Section 4

002040608

112141618

2Fo

rce (

N)

(d)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

19th tooth20th tooth

times104Section 5

002040608

112141618

2

Forc

e (N

)

(e)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

21st tooth22nd tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

Section 6

Forc

e (N

)

(f )

Figure 6 Continued

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 7

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

23rd tooth24th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000Fo

rce (

N)

Section 7

(g)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

10th tooth

times104Section E

0

05

1

15

2

25

3

Forc

e (N

)

(h)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

9th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

Forc

e (N

)

Section D

(i)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

7th tooth8th tooth

times104Section C

0

05

1

15

2

25Fo

rce (

N)

(j)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

5th tooth6th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

Forc

e (N

)

Section B

(k)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

Forc

e (N

)

Section A

1st tooth2nd tooth3rd tooth4th tooth

(l)

Figure 6 (a) Statistics zone (b) e coal loading rate curve

8 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

did not exceed 7ms at the same time e drum had adepth of 630mm and the coal wall had a width of 800mmIt can be seen from Figure 5 that the number of eectivecoal loading zones was dierent when the cylinder speedwas dierent

e coal loading rate statistics are shown in Table 7 Ascan be seen from Table 7 as the drumrsquos rotational speed

increased the coal loading rate gradually increased Since thespeed of the drum was low the movement of the particles inthe drumwasmainly sliding and the speed of particle ejectionwas small As the rotational speed of the drum increased themovement of the particles was more aected by the rotationof the drum so that the particles were thrown into the ef-fective coal loading area so the coal loading rate improved

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

785e + 000981e + 000

589e + 000392e + 000196e + 000512e ndash 010

(a)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

843e + 000105e + 001

632e + 000422e + 000211e + 000219e ndash 010

(b)Time 445sVelocity (ms)

924e + 000116e + 001

693e + 000426e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

(c)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

124e + 001156e + 001

933e + 000622e + 000311e + 000198e ndash 010

(d)

Figure 7 Velocity of the coal particles (a) n 75 rmin (b) n 85 rmin (c) n 95 rmin (d) n 105 rmin

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

981204883084784964

51169e ndash 100981204

196241294361392482490602588723686843

8062 44136 80211 11628 15236 18843

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

105388948488843101

21928e ndash 10105388210775

42155526938632325

316163

737713

726 4375 8023 11672 1532 18969

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 20101

577777

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

155564140007124451

198241e ndash 10155564311127

622255777818933382

456691

108895

767 5032 9298 1356 1782 2209

(d)

Figure 8 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) n 75 rmin (b) n 85 rmin (c) n 95 rmin (d) n 105 rmin

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 9

442 Inuence of Traction Speed on the Drum Loading RateIn order to study the inuence of the traction speed of thedrum on the coal loading rate of the drum the drum speedwas set to 95 rmin the cutting depth was 630mm thetraction speeds used were 3mmin 4mmin 5mmin and6mmin and the simulation was then carried out e coalparticle velocity of the drum obtained in the posttreatment isshown in Figure 9 It can be seen from Figure 9 that as thetraction speed increased the number of coal rock particlesfalling into the eective coal loading zone gradually increasedHowever the traction speed was too large so the amount ofcoal falling into the oating coal zone increased so the coalcharging rate was lowered e distance vs speed of the coalow is shown in Figure 10 As can be seen from Figure 10 asthe traction speed increased the velocity of most of theparticles in each working condition gradually increasedMainly due to the higher traction speed the thickness of thedrum cutting layer per unit time increased and the corre-sponding instantaneous throwing particle speed increased

e coal loading rate of the abovementioned workingcondition for the drum is shown in Table 7 It can be seenfrom Table 7 that as the traction speed of the drum increased

the loading rate of the drum decreased As the traction speedincreased the coal ow rate in the drum blades increasedwhich reduced the amount of coal rock that could not bedischarged by the coal wall and the picks due to the lowtraction speed As the traction speed continued to increasethe unit interception coal volume of the shearer exceeded thecoal retention space in the drum blade causing the coal rockow to block the drum and it could not be discharged in timewhich greatly reduced the coal loading rate of the drum

443 Inuence of the Cutting Depth on the Drum LoadingRate In order to study the eect of the cutting depth on thespeed of the coal particles the rotational speed of the drumwas set to 95rmin the traction speed was set to 4mminand the dierent depths used were 480mm 530mm580mm and 630mm e coal particle velocity and coalparticle distance were obtained for the dierent depths espeeds are shown in Figures 11 and 12 It can be seen fromFigures 11 and 12 that as the depth of cut increased theamount of coal particles thrown into the coal charging zonegradually decreased It can be seen from Table 5 that as the

Table 7 e statistics of the coal loading rate

Traction speed (mmin) Rotational speed (mrmin) Cutting depth (mm) Average coal loading rate ()

4

75 416885

630

432395 4559105 4877

3 46684

95 6304559

5 44216 4345

480 5690

4 95530 50061580 4933630 4559

262e + 000281e ndash 009

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

105e + 001131e + 001

787e + 000525e + 000

(a)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

924e + 000116e + 001

693e + 000462e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

(b)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

795e + 000994e + 000

596e + 000395e + 000199e + 000292e ndash 009

(c)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

763e + 000954e + 000

573e + 000382e + 000191e + 000261e ndash 010

(d)

Figure 9 Velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

10 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

cutting depth of the shearer deepened the coal loading rateof the drum was reduced e main reason for this was thatthe mining depth of the shearer drum was too largeresulting in a cumulative increase of the amount of coalfalling in the capacity space of the drum blade causing long-term blockage which was dicult to clear and increased thedrumrsquos resistance

5 Conclusion

(1) e discrete element analysis software was used tostudy the dynamic cutting process of coal miningwith a shearing coal drum and it could dynami-cally observe the rock fragmentation and coal rockvelocity trajectory and it has provided a new

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

131141118027104912

28921e ndash 9131141262281393422524562655703786844917984

1569 5192 8814 12437 16059 1968

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111346666462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

99382894438795056

291622e ndash 9099328198164

39752849591

596292

298146

695674

955 4815 8674 12533 1639 20252

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

954196858776763357

215678e ndash 100954196

190839

381678477098572518

286259

667937

1097 4699 8299 1190 1550 1910

(d)

Figure 10 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

954e + 000119e + 001

715e + 000477e + 000238e + 000412e ndash 009

(a)

868e + 000108e + 001

651e + 000434e + 000217e + 000330e ndash 010

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(b)Time 445 s

Velocity (ms)

751e + 000939e + 000

563e + 000376e + 000188e + 000466e ndash 009

(c)

924e + 000693e + 000465e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

116e + 001

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(d)

Figure 11 Velocity of the coal ow (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 11

method for studying the working performance of ashearer

(2) e research indicated that the coal loading rate of thedrum decreased with the increase of the depth of cutincreased with the increase of the rotating speed of thedrum and decreased with the increase of the pullingspeede three-way force of the drum increased withthe increase of the traction speed decreased with theincrease of the drumrsquos rotational speed and increasedwith the increase of the depth of cut

(3) It can be seen from the analysis of the coal cuttingforce and the coal loading rate of the drum cuttingthat the drum could achieve high-eciency cutting ifthe cutting depth rotational speed and tractionspeed were dynamically matched

Data Availability

e data used to support the ndings of this study areavailable from the corresponding author upon request

Conflicts of Interest

e authors declare that they have no conicts of interest

Acknowledgments

is work was supported by National Natural Science(51674134) and Liaoning Provincial Education Department(LJ2017QL017)

References

[1] L Zhao andM Dong ldquoLoad problems of workingmechanismof the shearer in containing pyrites and tin coal seamrdquo Joumalof China Coal Society vol 34 no 6 pp 840ndash844 2009

[2] J He and Z Wang ldquoNumerical simulation of coal cuttingprocess of thin coal seam shearer spiral drumrdquo Coal Engi-neering vol 6 pp 97ndash99 2013

[3] R Li DEM Simulation Study of Cutting Coal for the CuttingHeader Shenyang Ligong University Shenyang China 2014

[4] Y Ji and X Cao ldquoDEM simulation method study for pickscutting coal of roadheaderrdquo Journal of liaoning engineeringtechnology university (natural science edition) vol 302 no 4pp 488ndash492 2013

[5] K-D Gao Study on Coal-Loading Performance of in CoalSeam Shearer China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou China 2014

[6] J Mao X Liu H Chong et al ldquoSimulation research of shearerdrum cutting performance based on EDEMrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 4 pp 1069ndash1077 2017

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

119234107311953874

411611e ndash 9119234238469357703476937596172715406

83464

199 5453 8916 12379 15842 19305

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

108489976398

86791

330087e ndash 10108489216977

433955542444650932

325466

759421

8628 461 8358 12106 15853 1960

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

939091845182751273

466482e ndash 90999091

187818

375637469546563455

281727

657364

8393 45445 8249 11955 1556 19366

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(d)

Figure 12 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

12 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

[7] O Su andN Ali Akcin ldquoNumerical simulation of rock cuttingusing the discrete element methodrdquo International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences vol 48 no 3 2010

[8] Z Tian L Zhao X Liu et al ldquoLoading performance of spiraldrum based on discrete element methodrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 10 pp 2758ndash2764 2017

[9] W McBride and P W Cleary ldquoAn investigation and opti-mization of the ldquoOLDSrdquo elevator using discrete elementmodelingrdquo Powder Technology vol 193 no 3 pp 216ndash2342009

[10] L Zhao Z Tian W Bao et al ldquoA New Method of EDEM onthin seam shearer loading performance and application basedonrdquo Journal of Mechanical Strength vol 39 no 3 pp 663ndash667 2017

[11] H Wu C Cheng C Ji et al ldquoDiscrete element methodanalysis of pick cutting coal seam based on PFC3Drdquo CoalMine Machinery vol 36 no 10 pp 134ndash136 2015

[12] J Bao Y Wang and Y Zhang ldquoSimulation analysis ofworking process for double drum-type shearer via discreteelement methodrdquo Coal Mine Machinery vol 39 no 7pp 60ndash62 2018

[13] CWang ldquoResearch of shearer drum loading simulation basedon DEMrdquo Coal Technology vol 37 no 1 pp 232ndash234 2018

[14] D A Estay and L E Chiang ldquoDiscrete crack model forsimulating rock comminution processes with the DiscreteElement Methodrdquo International Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Mining Sciences vol 60 pp 125ndash133 2013

[15] J Mao X Liu H Chen et al ldquoDifferent installation angle ofcutting picks affected to cutting performances of coal shearerrdquoCoal Science and Technology vol 45 no 10 pp 144ndash149 2017

[16] X Liu L Zhao F Renjin et al ldquoResearch on kinematicparameter optimum matching of thin coal seam shearerrdquoMechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineeringvol 36 no 11 pp 1701ndash1707 2017

[17] X Zhang Y Wang and Z Yang ldquoSimulation and analysis oncoal cutting process based on EDEMrdquo Coal Technologyvol 34 no 8 pp 243-244 2015

[18] G Wang H Wanjun and J Wang Discrete Element Methodand its Practice on EDEM Northwestern PolytechnicalUniversity Press Xirsquoan China 2010

[19] J Liu C Ma Q Zeng and K Gao ldquoDiscrete element sim-ulation of conical pickrsquos coal cutting process under differentcutting parametersrdquo Shock and Vibration vol 2018 ArticleID 7975141 9 pages 2018

[20] T Qu J Jiang and L Zhao 4e Key Technology of HighEfficiency Fully MechanizedMining in Complex Structure4inCoal Seam China University of Mining and Technology pressXuzhou China 2010

[21] Q Lei Based on Discrete Element Material Crushing Mech-anism Research Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou China 2012

[22] J Quist and C M Evertsson Cone Crusher Modeling andSimulation Department of Product and Production Devel-opment Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSweden 2012

[23] L Xia Study of Vibration Compression Breakage Process baseon Multi-Scale Cohesive Particle Model Jiangxi University ofScience and Technology Jiangxi China 2016

[24] L Zhao Z Fan and W Zhou ldquoStudy on reliability of spiraldrum in the breaking and falling process of coal and rockrdquoJournal of Safety Science and Technology vol 13 no 7pp 100ndash105 2017

[25] C Xu Y Wang Z Yang et al ldquoResearch on the particlemovement behavior in coaling process of drum reversionrdquo

Mining Research and Development vol 37 no 5 pp 104ndash1082017

[26] Z Qu Optimization Design Research for Parameter of theShearer Screw Drum Northeastern University ShenyangChina 2008

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 13

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Submit your manuscripts atwwwhindawicom

580mm and 630mm and the traction speed was 4mminand the drumrsquos speed was 95rmin 0e three-way resultantforce of the extraction drum was extracted and sorted byMATLAB 0e results are shown in Table 6 It can be seenfrom Table 6 that the average value of the three-way force ofthe drum increased with the increase of the cutting depthWhen the cutting depth of the cut increased the number ofpicks involved in the cut increased causing the resultantforce of the drum to increase

44 Research on the Performance of Drum LoadingStatistics on the particle mass of the floating coal zone Iand the effective coal loading area II have been shown inFigure 6(a) 0e total amount of coal falling was the sumof the particle mass in the effective coal loading zoneand the floating coal zone [25] 0e coal loading rate η is themass of the effective coal loading area divided by the totalmass of falling coal as shown in the following equation

η me

me + mf (11)

where me is the particle mass of the loading coal zone andmf is the particle mass of the floating coal zone When thedrumrsquos rotational speed was 95 rmin the traction speedwas 4mmin and the cutting depth was 580mm the drumrsquoscoal loading rate curve is shown in Figure 6(b) It can be

seen from Figure 6(b) that the coal loading rate fluctuated acertain amount during the start-up phase of the shearerand the coal loading rate became constant as the timeincreased

441 Influence of Rotational Speed on the Drum LoadingRate In order to study the effect of the rotational speed onthe drum loading rate the rotational speeds used were 75 rmin 85 rmin 95 rmin and 105 rmin the cutting depthwas 630mm the traction speed was 4mmin and thesimulation was then carried out In the EDEM posttreat-ment the coal flow velocity of 445 s in the four workingconditions was obtained [26] as shown in Figure 7 It can beseen from Figure 7 that the rotational speed increased from75 rmin to 105 rmin and the instantaneous maximumvelocity of the coal particles increased from 981ms to156ms mainly because the cut coal rock was driven by thedrumWhen the rotational speed of the drum was large theparticles were thrown outward under the frictional force ofthe drum and the maximum throwing speed of the par-ticles increased

In order to analyze the instantaneous velocity and thethrowing position of the particles the distance vs velocitydiagram of the particles obtained for each working con-dition in the postprocessing is shown in Figure 8 As can beseen from Figure 5 the maximum number of particles ofthe instantaneous velocity of the coal flow in Figure 8 wassmall At most the instantaneous velocity of the particles

Table 4 0e relationship between the rotational speed and the three-directional force of the drum

Rotationalspeed(rmin)

X-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof X-force

Y-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Y-force

Z-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Z-force

Resultantforce

(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficient

75 minus652e3 minus00104 108e2 03406 117e4 00076 20154e4 0036485 minus612e3 minus00111 minus303e2 minus01650 112e4 00077 19351e4 0027595 828e3 minus00093 minus598e2 minus0102 165e4 00062 19180e4 00373105 minus582e3 minus00116 minus152e2 minus03480 106e4 00085 18547e4 00341

Table 5 0e relationship between the traction speed and the three-directional force of the drum

Tractionspeedmmin

X-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof X-force

Y-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Y-force

Z-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Z-force

Resultantforce

(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficient

3 minus614e3 minus00106 minus172e2 minus03065 111e4 00078 13181e4 003484 minus828e3 minus00093 minus598e2 minus01020 165e4 00062 19180e4 003735 minus918e3 minus00085 minus754e2 minus00862 220e4 00053 24518e4 003636 minus129e4 minus00064 minus558e2 minus01124 291e4 00043 32393e4 00368

Table 6 0e relationship between the cutting depth and the three-directional force of the drum

Cuttingdepthmm

X-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof X-force

Y-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Y-force

Z-force(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficientof Z-force

Resultantforce

(meanN)

Fluctuationcoefficient

480 minus684e3 minus00355 minus928e2 minus0293 125e4 00311 14733e4 00312530 minus659e3 minus00361 minus824e2 minus0282 136e4 00314 15902e4 00305580 minus708e3 minus00347 minus635e2 minus0258 148e4 00306 16973e4 00293630 minus828e3 minus00093 minus598e2 minus0102 165e4 00062 19180e4 00373

6 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25Fo

rce (

N)

times104Section 1

11th tooth12th tooth

(a)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25 times104

13th tooth14th tooth

Section 2

Forc

e (N

)

(b)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25

Forc

e (N

)

15th tooth16th tooth

times104Section 3

(c)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

17th tooth18th tooth

times104Section 4

002040608

112141618

2Fo

rce (

N)

(d)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

19th tooth20th tooth

times104Section 5

002040608

112141618

2

Forc

e (N

)

(e)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

21st tooth22nd tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

Section 6

Forc

e (N

)

(f )

Figure 6 Continued

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 7

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

23rd tooth24th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000Fo

rce (

N)

Section 7

(g)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

10th tooth

times104Section E

0

05

1

15

2

25

3

Forc

e (N

)

(h)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

9th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

Forc

e (N

)

Section D

(i)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

7th tooth8th tooth

times104Section C

0

05

1

15

2

25Fo

rce (

N)

(j)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

5th tooth6th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

Forc

e (N

)

Section B

(k)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

Forc

e (N

)

Section A

1st tooth2nd tooth3rd tooth4th tooth

(l)

Figure 6 (a) Statistics zone (b) e coal loading rate curve

8 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

did not exceed 7ms at the same time e drum had adepth of 630mm and the coal wall had a width of 800mmIt can be seen from Figure 5 that the number of eectivecoal loading zones was dierent when the cylinder speedwas dierent

e coal loading rate statistics are shown in Table 7 Ascan be seen from Table 7 as the drumrsquos rotational speed

increased the coal loading rate gradually increased Since thespeed of the drum was low the movement of the particles inthe drumwasmainly sliding and the speed of particle ejectionwas small As the rotational speed of the drum increased themovement of the particles was more aected by the rotationof the drum so that the particles were thrown into the ef-fective coal loading area so the coal loading rate improved

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

785e + 000981e + 000

589e + 000392e + 000196e + 000512e ndash 010

(a)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

843e + 000105e + 001

632e + 000422e + 000211e + 000219e ndash 010

(b)Time 445sVelocity (ms)

924e + 000116e + 001

693e + 000426e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

(c)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

124e + 001156e + 001

933e + 000622e + 000311e + 000198e ndash 010

(d)

Figure 7 Velocity of the coal particles (a) n 75 rmin (b) n 85 rmin (c) n 95 rmin (d) n 105 rmin

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

981204883084784964

51169e ndash 100981204

196241294361392482490602588723686843

8062 44136 80211 11628 15236 18843

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

105388948488843101

21928e ndash 10105388210775

42155526938632325

316163

737713

726 4375 8023 11672 1532 18969

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 20101

577777

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

155564140007124451

198241e ndash 10155564311127

622255777818933382

456691

108895

767 5032 9298 1356 1782 2209

(d)

Figure 8 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) n 75 rmin (b) n 85 rmin (c) n 95 rmin (d) n 105 rmin

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 9

442 Inuence of Traction Speed on the Drum Loading RateIn order to study the inuence of the traction speed of thedrum on the coal loading rate of the drum the drum speedwas set to 95 rmin the cutting depth was 630mm thetraction speeds used were 3mmin 4mmin 5mmin and6mmin and the simulation was then carried out e coalparticle velocity of the drum obtained in the posttreatment isshown in Figure 9 It can be seen from Figure 9 that as thetraction speed increased the number of coal rock particlesfalling into the eective coal loading zone gradually increasedHowever the traction speed was too large so the amount ofcoal falling into the oating coal zone increased so the coalcharging rate was lowered e distance vs speed of the coalow is shown in Figure 10 As can be seen from Figure 10 asthe traction speed increased the velocity of most of theparticles in each working condition gradually increasedMainly due to the higher traction speed the thickness of thedrum cutting layer per unit time increased and the corre-sponding instantaneous throwing particle speed increased

e coal loading rate of the abovementioned workingcondition for the drum is shown in Table 7 It can be seenfrom Table 7 that as the traction speed of the drum increased

the loading rate of the drum decreased As the traction speedincreased the coal ow rate in the drum blades increasedwhich reduced the amount of coal rock that could not bedischarged by the coal wall and the picks due to the lowtraction speed As the traction speed continued to increasethe unit interception coal volume of the shearer exceeded thecoal retention space in the drum blade causing the coal rockow to block the drum and it could not be discharged in timewhich greatly reduced the coal loading rate of the drum

443 Inuence of the Cutting Depth on the Drum LoadingRate In order to study the eect of the cutting depth on thespeed of the coal particles the rotational speed of the drumwas set to 95rmin the traction speed was set to 4mminand the dierent depths used were 480mm 530mm580mm and 630mm e coal particle velocity and coalparticle distance were obtained for the dierent depths espeeds are shown in Figures 11 and 12 It can be seen fromFigures 11 and 12 that as the depth of cut increased theamount of coal particles thrown into the coal charging zonegradually decreased It can be seen from Table 5 that as the

Table 7 e statistics of the coal loading rate

Traction speed (mmin) Rotational speed (mrmin) Cutting depth (mm) Average coal loading rate ()

4

75 416885

630

432395 4559105 4877

3 46684

95 6304559

5 44216 4345

480 5690

4 95530 50061580 4933630 4559

262e + 000281e ndash 009

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

105e + 001131e + 001

787e + 000525e + 000

(a)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

924e + 000116e + 001

693e + 000462e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

(b)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

795e + 000994e + 000

596e + 000395e + 000199e + 000292e ndash 009

(c)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

763e + 000954e + 000

573e + 000382e + 000191e + 000261e ndash 010

(d)

Figure 9 Velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

10 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

cutting depth of the shearer deepened the coal loading rateof the drum was reduced e main reason for this was thatthe mining depth of the shearer drum was too largeresulting in a cumulative increase of the amount of coalfalling in the capacity space of the drum blade causing long-term blockage which was dicult to clear and increased thedrumrsquos resistance

5 Conclusion

(1) e discrete element analysis software was used tostudy the dynamic cutting process of coal miningwith a shearing coal drum and it could dynami-cally observe the rock fragmentation and coal rockvelocity trajectory and it has provided a new

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

131141118027104912

28921e ndash 9131141262281393422524562655703786844917984

1569 5192 8814 12437 16059 1968

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111346666462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

99382894438795056

291622e ndash 9099328198164

39752849591

596292

298146

695674

955 4815 8674 12533 1639 20252

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

954196858776763357

215678e ndash 100954196

190839

381678477098572518

286259

667937

1097 4699 8299 1190 1550 1910

(d)

Figure 10 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

954e + 000119e + 001

715e + 000477e + 000238e + 000412e ndash 009

(a)

868e + 000108e + 001

651e + 000434e + 000217e + 000330e ndash 010

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(b)Time 445 s

Velocity (ms)

751e + 000939e + 000

563e + 000376e + 000188e + 000466e ndash 009

(c)

924e + 000693e + 000465e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

116e + 001

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(d)

Figure 11 Velocity of the coal ow (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 11

method for studying the working performance of ashearer

(2) e research indicated that the coal loading rate of thedrum decreased with the increase of the depth of cutincreased with the increase of the rotating speed of thedrum and decreased with the increase of the pullingspeede three-way force of the drum increased withthe increase of the traction speed decreased with theincrease of the drumrsquos rotational speed and increasedwith the increase of the depth of cut

(3) It can be seen from the analysis of the coal cuttingforce and the coal loading rate of the drum cuttingthat the drum could achieve high-eciency cutting ifthe cutting depth rotational speed and tractionspeed were dynamically matched

Data Availability

e data used to support the ndings of this study areavailable from the corresponding author upon request

Conflicts of Interest

e authors declare that they have no conicts of interest

Acknowledgments

is work was supported by National Natural Science(51674134) and Liaoning Provincial Education Department(LJ2017QL017)

References

[1] L Zhao andM Dong ldquoLoad problems of workingmechanismof the shearer in containing pyrites and tin coal seamrdquo Joumalof China Coal Society vol 34 no 6 pp 840ndash844 2009

[2] J He and Z Wang ldquoNumerical simulation of coal cuttingprocess of thin coal seam shearer spiral drumrdquo Coal Engi-neering vol 6 pp 97ndash99 2013

[3] R Li DEM Simulation Study of Cutting Coal for the CuttingHeader Shenyang Ligong University Shenyang China 2014

[4] Y Ji and X Cao ldquoDEM simulation method study for pickscutting coal of roadheaderrdquo Journal of liaoning engineeringtechnology university (natural science edition) vol 302 no 4pp 488ndash492 2013

[5] K-D Gao Study on Coal-Loading Performance of in CoalSeam Shearer China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou China 2014

[6] J Mao X Liu H Chong et al ldquoSimulation research of shearerdrum cutting performance based on EDEMrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 4 pp 1069ndash1077 2017

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

119234107311953874

411611e ndash 9119234238469357703476937596172715406

83464

199 5453 8916 12379 15842 19305

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

108489976398

86791

330087e ndash 10108489216977

433955542444650932

325466

759421

8628 461 8358 12106 15853 1960

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

939091845182751273

466482e ndash 90999091

187818

375637469546563455

281727

657364

8393 45445 8249 11955 1556 19366

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(d)

Figure 12 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

12 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

[7] O Su andN Ali Akcin ldquoNumerical simulation of rock cuttingusing the discrete element methodrdquo International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences vol 48 no 3 2010

[8] Z Tian L Zhao X Liu et al ldquoLoading performance of spiraldrum based on discrete element methodrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 10 pp 2758ndash2764 2017

[9] W McBride and P W Cleary ldquoAn investigation and opti-mization of the ldquoOLDSrdquo elevator using discrete elementmodelingrdquo Powder Technology vol 193 no 3 pp 216ndash2342009

[10] L Zhao Z Tian W Bao et al ldquoA New Method of EDEM onthin seam shearer loading performance and application basedonrdquo Journal of Mechanical Strength vol 39 no 3 pp 663ndash667 2017

[11] H Wu C Cheng C Ji et al ldquoDiscrete element methodanalysis of pick cutting coal seam based on PFC3Drdquo CoalMine Machinery vol 36 no 10 pp 134ndash136 2015

[12] J Bao Y Wang and Y Zhang ldquoSimulation analysis ofworking process for double drum-type shearer via discreteelement methodrdquo Coal Mine Machinery vol 39 no 7pp 60ndash62 2018

[13] CWang ldquoResearch of shearer drum loading simulation basedon DEMrdquo Coal Technology vol 37 no 1 pp 232ndash234 2018

[14] D A Estay and L E Chiang ldquoDiscrete crack model forsimulating rock comminution processes with the DiscreteElement Methodrdquo International Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Mining Sciences vol 60 pp 125ndash133 2013

[15] J Mao X Liu H Chen et al ldquoDifferent installation angle ofcutting picks affected to cutting performances of coal shearerrdquoCoal Science and Technology vol 45 no 10 pp 144ndash149 2017

[16] X Liu L Zhao F Renjin et al ldquoResearch on kinematicparameter optimum matching of thin coal seam shearerrdquoMechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineeringvol 36 no 11 pp 1701ndash1707 2017

[17] X Zhang Y Wang and Z Yang ldquoSimulation and analysis oncoal cutting process based on EDEMrdquo Coal Technologyvol 34 no 8 pp 243-244 2015

[18] G Wang H Wanjun and J Wang Discrete Element Methodand its Practice on EDEM Northwestern PolytechnicalUniversity Press Xirsquoan China 2010

[19] J Liu C Ma Q Zeng and K Gao ldquoDiscrete element sim-ulation of conical pickrsquos coal cutting process under differentcutting parametersrdquo Shock and Vibration vol 2018 ArticleID 7975141 9 pages 2018

[20] T Qu J Jiang and L Zhao 4e Key Technology of HighEfficiency Fully MechanizedMining in Complex Structure4inCoal Seam China University of Mining and Technology pressXuzhou China 2010

[21] Q Lei Based on Discrete Element Material Crushing Mech-anism Research Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou China 2012

[22] J Quist and C M Evertsson Cone Crusher Modeling andSimulation Department of Product and Production Devel-opment Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSweden 2012

[23] L Xia Study of Vibration Compression Breakage Process baseon Multi-Scale Cohesive Particle Model Jiangxi University ofScience and Technology Jiangxi China 2016

[24] L Zhao Z Fan and W Zhou ldquoStudy on reliability of spiraldrum in the breaking and falling process of coal and rockrdquoJournal of Safety Science and Technology vol 13 no 7pp 100ndash105 2017

[25] C Xu Y Wang Z Yang et al ldquoResearch on the particlemovement behavior in coaling process of drum reversionrdquo

Mining Research and Development vol 37 no 5 pp 104ndash1082017

[26] Z Qu Optimization Design Research for Parameter of theShearer Screw Drum Northeastern University ShenyangChina 2008

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 13

International Journal of

AerospaceEngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

RoboticsJournal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Active and Passive Electronic Components

VLSI Design

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Shock and Vibration

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Civil EngineeringAdvances in

Acoustics and VibrationAdvances in

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Journal of

Advances inOptoElectronics

Hindawiwwwhindawicom

Volume 2018

Hindawi Publishing Corporation httpwwwhindawicom Volume 2013Hindawiwwwhindawicom

The Scientific World Journal

Volume 2018

Control Scienceand Engineering

Journal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom

Journal ofEngineeringVolume 2018

SensorsJournal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

International Journal of

RotatingMachinery

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Modelling ampSimulationin EngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Chemical EngineeringInternational Journal of Antennas and

Propagation

International Journal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Navigation and Observation

International Journal of

Hindawi

wwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Advances in

Multimedia

Submit your manuscripts atwwwhindawicom

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25Fo

rce (

N)

times104Section 1

11th tooth12th tooth

(a)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25 times104

13th tooth14th tooth

Section 2

Forc

e (N

)

(b)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

05

1

15

2

25

Forc

e (N

)

15th tooth16th tooth

times104Section 3

(c)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

17th tooth18th tooth

times104Section 4

002040608

112141618

2Fo

rce (

N)

(d)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

19th tooth20th tooth

times104Section 5

002040608

112141618

2

Forc

e (N

)

(e)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

21st tooth22nd tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

Section 6

Forc

e (N

)

(f )

Figure 6 Continued

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 7

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

23rd tooth24th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000Fo

rce (

N)

Section 7

(g)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

10th tooth

times104Section E

0

05

1

15

2

25

3

Forc

e (N

)

(h)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

9th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

Forc

e (N

)

Section D

(i)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

7th tooth8th tooth

times104Section C

0

05

1

15

2

25Fo

rce (

N)

(j)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

5th tooth6th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

Forc

e (N

)

Section B

(k)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

Forc

e (N

)

Section A

1st tooth2nd tooth3rd tooth4th tooth

(l)

Figure 6 (a) Statistics zone (b) e coal loading rate curve

8 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

did not exceed 7ms at the same time e drum had adepth of 630mm and the coal wall had a width of 800mmIt can be seen from Figure 5 that the number of eectivecoal loading zones was dierent when the cylinder speedwas dierent

e coal loading rate statistics are shown in Table 7 Ascan be seen from Table 7 as the drumrsquos rotational speed

increased the coal loading rate gradually increased Since thespeed of the drum was low the movement of the particles inthe drumwasmainly sliding and the speed of particle ejectionwas small As the rotational speed of the drum increased themovement of the particles was more aected by the rotationof the drum so that the particles were thrown into the ef-fective coal loading area so the coal loading rate improved

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

785e + 000981e + 000

589e + 000392e + 000196e + 000512e ndash 010

(a)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

843e + 000105e + 001

632e + 000422e + 000211e + 000219e ndash 010

(b)Time 445sVelocity (ms)

924e + 000116e + 001

693e + 000426e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

(c)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

124e + 001156e + 001

933e + 000622e + 000311e + 000198e ndash 010

(d)

Figure 7 Velocity of the coal particles (a) n 75 rmin (b) n 85 rmin (c) n 95 rmin (d) n 105 rmin

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

981204883084784964

51169e ndash 100981204

196241294361392482490602588723686843

8062 44136 80211 11628 15236 18843

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

105388948488843101

21928e ndash 10105388210775

42155526938632325

316163

737713

726 4375 8023 11672 1532 18969

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 20101

577777

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

155564140007124451

198241e ndash 10155564311127

622255777818933382

456691

108895

767 5032 9298 1356 1782 2209

(d)

Figure 8 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) n 75 rmin (b) n 85 rmin (c) n 95 rmin (d) n 105 rmin

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 9

442 Inuence of Traction Speed on the Drum Loading RateIn order to study the inuence of the traction speed of thedrum on the coal loading rate of the drum the drum speedwas set to 95 rmin the cutting depth was 630mm thetraction speeds used were 3mmin 4mmin 5mmin and6mmin and the simulation was then carried out e coalparticle velocity of the drum obtained in the posttreatment isshown in Figure 9 It can be seen from Figure 9 that as thetraction speed increased the number of coal rock particlesfalling into the eective coal loading zone gradually increasedHowever the traction speed was too large so the amount ofcoal falling into the oating coal zone increased so the coalcharging rate was lowered e distance vs speed of the coalow is shown in Figure 10 As can be seen from Figure 10 asthe traction speed increased the velocity of most of theparticles in each working condition gradually increasedMainly due to the higher traction speed the thickness of thedrum cutting layer per unit time increased and the corre-sponding instantaneous throwing particle speed increased

e coal loading rate of the abovementioned workingcondition for the drum is shown in Table 7 It can be seenfrom Table 7 that as the traction speed of the drum increased

the loading rate of the drum decreased As the traction speedincreased the coal ow rate in the drum blades increasedwhich reduced the amount of coal rock that could not bedischarged by the coal wall and the picks due to the lowtraction speed As the traction speed continued to increasethe unit interception coal volume of the shearer exceeded thecoal retention space in the drum blade causing the coal rockow to block the drum and it could not be discharged in timewhich greatly reduced the coal loading rate of the drum

443 Inuence of the Cutting Depth on the Drum LoadingRate In order to study the eect of the cutting depth on thespeed of the coal particles the rotational speed of the drumwas set to 95rmin the traction speed was set to 4mminand the dierent depths used were 480mm 530mm580mm and 630mm e coal particle velocity and coalparticle distance were obtained for the dierent depths espeeds are shown in Figures 11 and 12 It can be seen fromFigures 11 and 12 that as the depth of cut increased theamount of coal particles thrown into the coal charging zonegradually decreased It can be seen from Table 5 that as the

Table 7 e statistics of the coal loading rate

Traction speed (mmin) Rotational speed (mrmin) Cutting depth (mm) Average coal loading rate ()

4

75 416885

630

432395 4559105 4877

3 46684

95 6304559

5 44216 4345

480 5690

4 95530 50061580 4933630 4559

262e + 000281e ndash 009

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

105e + 001131e + 001

787e + 000525e + 000

(a)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

924e + 000116e + 001

693e + 000462e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

(b)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

795e + 000994e + 000

596e + 000395e + 000199e + 000292e ndash 009

(c)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

763e + 000954e + 000

573e + 000382e + 000191e + 000261e ndash 010

(d)

Figure 9 Velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

10 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

cutting depth of the shearer deepened the coal loading rateof the drum was reduced e main reason for this was thatthe mining depth of the shearer drum was too largeresulting in a cumulative increase of the amount of coalfalling in the capacity space of the drum blade causing long-term blockage which was dicult to clear and increased thedrumrsquos resistance

5 Conclusion

(1) e discrete element analysis software was used tostudy the dynamic cutting process of coal miningwith a shearing coal drum and it could dynami-cally observe the rock fragmentation and coal rockvelocity trajectory and it has provided a new

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

131141118027104912

28921e ndash 9131141262281393422524562655703786844917984

1569 5192 8814 12437 16059 1968

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111346666462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

99382894438795056

291622e ndash 9099328198164

39752849591

596292

298146

695674

955 4815 8674 12533 1639 20252

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

954196858776763357

215678e ndash 100954196

190839

381678477098572518

286259

667937

1097 4699 8299 1190 1550 1910

(d)

Figure 10 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

954e + 000119e + 001

715e + 000477e + 000238e + 000412e ndash 009

(a)

868e + 000108e + 001

651e + 000434e + 000217e + 000330e ndash 010

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(b)Time 445 s

Velocity (ms)

751e + 000939e + 000

563e + 000376e + 000188e + 000466e ndash 009

(c)

924e + 000693e + 000465e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

116e + 001

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(d)

Figure 11 Velocity of the coal ow (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 11

method for studying the working performance of ashearer

(2) e research indicated that the coal loading rate of thedrum decreased with the increase of the depth of cutincreased with the increase of the rotating speed of thedrum and decreased with the increase of the pullingspeede three-way force of the drum increased withthe increase of the traction speed decreased with theincrease of the drumrsquos rotational speed and increasedwith the increase of the depth of cut

(3) It can be seen from the analysis of the coal cuttingforce and the coal loading rate of the drum cuttingthat the drum could achieve high-eciency cutting ifthe cutting depth rotational speed and tractionspeed were dynamically matched

Data Availability

e data used to support the ndings of this study areavailable from the corresponding author upon request

Conflicts of Interest

e authors declare that they have no conicts of interest

Acknowledgments

is work was supported by National Natural Science(51674134) and Liaoning Provincial Education Department(LJ2017QL017)

References

[1] L Zhao andM Dong ldquoLoad problems of workingmechanismof the shearer in containing pyrites and tin coal seamrdquo Joumalof China Coal Society vol 34 no 6 pp 840ndash844 2009

[2] J He and Z Wang ldquoNumerical simulation of coal cuttingprocess of thin coal seam shearer spiral drumrdquo Coal Engi-neering vol 6 pp 97ndash99 2013

[3] R Li DEM Simulation Study of Cutting Coal for the CuttingHeader Shenyang Ligong University Shenyang China 2014

[4] Y Ji and X Cao ldquoDEM simulation method study for pickscutting coal of roadheaderrdquo Journal of liaoning engineeringtechnology university (natural science edition) vol 302 no 4pp 488ndash492 2013

[5] K-D Gao Study on Coal-Loading Performance of in CoalSeam Shearer China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou China 2014

[6] J Mao X Liu H Chong et al ldquoSimulation research of shearerdrum cutting performance based on EDEMrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 4 pp 1069ndash1077 2017

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

119234107311953874

411611e ndash 9119234238469357703476937596172715406

83464

199 5453 8916 12379 15842 19305

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

108489976398

86791

330087e ndash 10108489216977

433955542444650932

325466

759421

8628 461 8358 12106 15853 1960

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

939091845182751273

466482e ndash 90999091

187818

375637469546563455

281727

657364

8393 45445 8249 11955 1556 19366

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(d)

Figure 12 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

12 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

[7] O Su andN Ali Akcin ldquoNumerical simulation of rock cuttingusing the discrete element methodrdquo International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences vol 48 no 3 2010

[8] Z Tian L Zhao X Liu et al ldquoLoading performance of spiraldrum based on discrete element methodrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 10 pp 2758ndash2764 2017

[9] W McBride and P W Cleary ldquoAn investigation and opti-mization of the ldquoOLDSrdquo elevator using discrete elementmodelingrdquo Powder Technology vol 193 no 3 pp 216ndash2342009

[10] L Zhao Z Tian W Bao et al ldquoA New Method of EDEM onthin seam shearer loading performance and application basedonrdquo Journal of Mechanical Strength vol 39 no 3 pp 663ndash667 2017

[11] H Wu C Cheng C Ji et al ldquoDiscrete element methodanalysis of pick cutting coal seam based on PFC3Drdquo CoalMine Machinery vol 36 no 10 pp 134ndash136 2015

[12] J Bao Y Wang and Y Zhang ldquoSimulation analysis ofworking process for double drum-type shearer via discreteelement methodrdquo Coal Mine Machinery vol 39 no 7pp 60ndash62 2018

[13] CWang ldquoResearch of shearer drum loading simulation basedon DEMrdquo Coal Technology vol 37 no 1 pp 232ndash234 2018

[14] D A Estay and L E Chiang ldquoDiscrete crack model forsimulating rock comminution processes with the DiscreteElement Methodrdquo International Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Mining Sciences vol 60 pp 125ndash133 2013

[15] J Mao X Liu H Chen et al ldquoDifferent installation angle ofcutting picks affected to cutting performances of coal shearerrdquoCoal Science and Technology vol 45 no 10 pp 144ndash149 2017

[16] X Liu L Zhao F Renjin et al ldquoResearch on kinematicparameter optimum matching of thin coal seam shearerrdquoMechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineeringvol 36 no 11 pp 1701ndash1707 2017

[17] X Zhang Y Wang and Z Yang ldquoSimulation and analysis oncoal cutting process based on EDEMrdquo Coal Technologyvol 34 no 8 pp 243-244 2015

[18] G Wang H Wanjun and J Wang Discrete Element Methodand its Practice on EDEM Northwestern PolytechnicalUniversity Press Xirsquoan China 2010

[19] J Liu C Ma Q Zeng and K Gao ldquoDiscrete element sim-ulation of conical pickrsquos coal cutting process under differentcutting parametersrdquo Shock and Vibration vol 2018 ArticleID 7975141 9 pages 2018

[20] T Qu J Jiang and L Zhao 4e Key Technology of HighEfficiency Fully MechanizedMining in Complex Structure4inCoal Seam China University of Mining and Technology pressXuzhou China 2010

[21] Q Lei Based on Discrete Element Material Crushing Mech-anism Research Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou China 2012

[22] J Quist and C M Evertsson Cone Crusher Modeling andSimulation Department of Product and Production Devel-opment Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSweden 2012

[23] L Xia Study of Vibration Compression Breakage Process baseon Multi-Scale Cohesive Particle Model Jiangxi University ofScience and Technology Jiangxi China 2016

[24] L Zhao Z Fan and W Zhou ldquoStudy on reliability of spiraldrum in the breaking and falling process of coal and rockrdquoJournal of Safety Science and Technology vol 13 no 7pp 100ndash105 2017

[25] C Xu Y Wang Z Yang et al ldquoResearch on the particlemovement behavior in coaling process of drum reversionrdquo

Mining Research and Development vol 37 no 5 pp 104ndash1082017

[26] Z Qu Optimization Design Research for Parameter of theShearer Screw Drum Northeastern University ShenyangChina 2008

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 13

International Journal of

AerospaceEngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

RoboticsJournal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Active and Passive Electronic Components

VLSI Design

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Shock and Vibration

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Civil EngineeringAdvances in

Acoustics and VibrationAdvances in

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Journal of

Advances inOptoElectronics

Hindawiwwwhindawicom

Volume 2018

Hindawi Publishing Corporation httpwwwhindawicom Volume 2013Hindawiwwwhindawicom

The Scientific World Journal

Volume 2018

Control Scienceand Engineering

Journal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom

Journal ofEngineeringVolume 2018

SensorsJournal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

International Journal of

RotatingMachinery

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Modelling ampSimulationin EngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Chemical EngineeringInternational Journal of Antennas and

Propagation

International Journal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Navigation and Observation

International Journal of

Hindawi

wwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Advances in

Multimedia

Submit your manuscripts atwwwhindawicom

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

23rd tooth24th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000Fo

rce (

N)

Section 7

(g)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

10th tooth

times104Section E

0

05

1

15

2

25

3

Forc

e (N

)

(h)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

9th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

Forc

e (N

)

Section D

(i)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

7th tooth8th tooth

times104Section C

0

05

1

15

2

25Fo

rce (

N)

(j)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

0

5th tooth6th tooth

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

Forc

e (N

)

Section B

(k)

05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5Time (s)

00

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

Forc

e (N

)

Section A

1st tooth2nd tooth3rd tooth4th tooth

(l)

Figure 6 (a) Statistics zone (b) e coal loading rate curve

8 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

did not exceed 7ms at the same time e drum had adepth of 630mm and the coal wall had a width of 800mmIt can be seen from Figure 5 that the number of eectivecoal loading zones was dierent when the cylinder speedwas dierent

e coal loading rate statistics are shown in Table 7 Ascan be seen from Table 7 as the drumrsquos rotational speed

increased the coal loading rate gradually increased Since thespeed of the drum was low the movement of the particles inthe drumwasmainly sliding and the speed of particle ejectionwas small As the rotational speed of the drum increased themovement of the particles was more aected by the rotationof the drum so that the particles were thrown into the ef-fective coal loading area so the coal loading rate improved

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

785e + 000981e + 000

589e + 000392e + 000196e + 000512e ndash 010

(a)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

843e + 000105e + 001

632e + 000422e + 000211e + 000219e ndash 010

(b)Time 445sVelocity (ms)

924e + 000116e + 001

693e + 000426e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

(c)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

124e + 001156e + 001

933e + 000622e + 000311e + 000198e ndash 010

(d)

Figure 7 Velocity of the coal particles (a) n 75 rmin (b) n 85 rmin (c) n 95 rmin (d) n 105 rmin

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

981204883084784964

51169e ndash 100981204

196241294361392482490602588723686843

8062 44136 80211 11628 15236 18843

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

105388948488843101

21928e ndash 10105388210775

42155526938632325

316163

737713

726 4375 8023 11672 1532 18969

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 20101

577777

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

155564140007124451

198241e ndash 10155564311127

622255777818933382

456691

108895

767 5032 9298 1356 1782 2209

(d)

Figure 8 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) n 75 rmin (b) n 85 rmin (c) n 95 rmin (d) n 105 rmin

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 9

442 Inuence of Traction Speed on the Drum Loading RateIn order to study the inuence of the traction speed of thedrum on the coal loading rate of the drum the drum speedwas set to 95 rmin the cutting depth was 630mm thetraction speeds used were 3mmin 4mmin 5mmin and6mmin and the simulation was then carried out e coalparticle velocity of the drum obtained in the posttreatment isshown in Figure 9 It can be seen from Figure 9 that as thetraction speed increased the number of coal rock particlesfalling into the eective coal loading zone gradually increasedHowever the traction speed was too large so the amount ofcoal falling into the oating coal zone increased so the coalcharging rate was lowered e distance vs speed of the coalow is shown in Figure 10 As can be seen from Figure 10 asthe traction speed increased the velocity of most of theparticles in each working condition gradually increasedMainly due to the higher traction speed the thickness of thedrum cutting layer per unit time increased and the corre-sponding instantaneous throwing particle speed increased

e coal loading rate of the abovementioned workingcondition for the drum is shown in Table 7 It can be seenfrom Table 7 that as the traction speed of the drum increased

the loading rate of the drum decreased As the traction speedincreased the coal ow rate in the drum blades increasedwhich reduced the amount of coal rock that could not bedischarged by the coal wall and the picks due to the lowtraction speed As the traction speed continued to increasethe unit interception coal volume of the shearer exceeded thecoal retention space in the drum blade causing the coal rockow to block the drum and it could not be discharged in timewhich greatly reduced the coal loading rate of the drum

443 Inuence of the Cutting Depth on the Drum LoadingRate In order to study the eect of the cutting depth on thespeed of the coal particles the rotational speed of the drumwas set to 95rmin the traction speed was set to 4mminand the dierent depths used were 480mm 530mm580mm and 630mm e coal particle velocity and coalparticle distance were obtained for the dierent depths espeeds are shown in Figures 11 and 12 It can be seen fromFigures 11 and 12 that as the depth of cut increased theamount of coal particles thrown into the coal charging zonegradually decreased It can be seen from Table 5 that as the

Table 7 e statistics of the coal loading rate

Traction speed (mmin) Rotational speed (mrmin) Cutting depth (mm) Average coal loading rate ()

4

75 416885

630

432395 4559105 4877

3 46684

95 6304559

5 44216 4345

480 5690

4 95530 50061580 4933630 4559

262e + 000281e ndash 009

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

105e + 001131e + 001

787e + 000525e + 000

(a)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

924e + 000116e + 001

693e + 000462e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

(b)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

795e + 000994e + 000

596e + 000395e + 000199e + 000292e ndash 009

(c)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

763e + 000954e + 000

573e + 000382e + 000191e + 000261e ndash 010

(d)

Figure 9 Velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

10 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

cutting depth of the shearer deepened the coal loading rateof the drum was reduced e main reason for this was thatthe mining depth of the shearer drum was too largeresulting in a cumulative increase of the amount of coalfalling in the capacity space of the drum blade causing long-term blockage which was dicult to clear and increased thedrumrsquos resistance

5 Conclusion

(1) e discrete element analysis software was used tostudy the dynamic cutting process of coal miningwith a shearing coal drum and it could dynami-cally observe the rock fragmentation and coal rockvelocity trajectory and it has provided a new

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

131141118027104912

28921e ndash 9131141262281393422524562655703786844917984

1569 5192 8814 12437 16059 1968

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111346666462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

99382894438795056

291622e ndash 9099328198164

39752849591

596292

298146

695674

955 4815 8674 12533 1639 20252

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

954196858776763357

215678e ndash 100954196

190839

381678477098572518

286259

667937

1097 4699 8299 1190 1550 1910

(d)

Figure 10 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

954e + 000119e + 001

715e + 000477e + 000238e + 000412e ndash 009

(a)

868e + 000108e + 001

651e + 000434e + 000217e + 000330e ndash 010

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(b)Time 445 s

Velocity (ms)

751e + 000939e + 000

563e + 000376e + 000188e + 000466e ndash 009

(c)

924e + 000693e + 000465e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

116e + 001

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(d)

Figure 11 Velocity of the coal ow (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 11

method for studying the working performance of ashearer

(2) e research indicated that the coal loading rate of thedrum decreased with the increase of the depth of cutincreased with the increase of the rotating speed of thedrum and decreased with the increase of the pullingspeede three-way force of the drum increased withthe increase of the traction speed decreased with theincrease of the drumrsquos rotational speed and increasedwith the increase of the depth of cut

(3) It can be seen from the analysis of the coal cuttingforce and the coal loading rate of the drum cuttingthat the drum could achieve high-eciency cutting ifthe cutting depth rotational speed and tractionspeed were dynamically matched

Data Availability

e data used to support the ndings of this study areavailable from the corresponding author upon request

Conflicts of Interest

e authors declare that they have no conicts of interest

Acknowledgments

is work was supported by National Natural Science(51674134) and Liaoning Provincial Education Department(LJ2017QL017)

References

[1] L Zhao andM Dong ldquoLoad problems of workingmechanismof the shearer in containing pyrites and tin coal seamrdquo Joumalof China Coal Society vol 34 no 6 pp 840ndash844 2009

[2] J He and Z Wang ldquoNumerical simulation of coal cuttingprocess of thin coal seam shearer spiral drumrdquo Coal Engi-neering vol 6 pp 97ndash99 2013

[3] R Li DEM Simulation Study of Cutting Coal for the CuttingHeader Shenyang Ligong University Shenyang China 2014

[4] Y Ji and X Cao ldquoDEM simulation method study for pickscutting coal of roadheaderrdquo Journal of liaoning engineeringtechnology university (natural science edition) vol 302 no 4pp 488ndash492 2013

[5] K-D Gao Study on Coal-Loading Performance of in CoalSeam Shearer China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou China 2014

[6] J Mao X Liu H Chong et al ldquoSimulation research of shearerdrum cutting performance based on EDEMrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 4 pp 1069ndash1077 2017

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

119234107311953874

411611e ndash 9119234238469357703476937596172715406

83464

199 5453 8916 12379 15842 19305

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

108489976398

86791

330087e ndash 10108489216977

433955542444650932

325466

759421

8628 461 8358 12106 15853 1960

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

939091845182751273

466482e ndash 90999091

187818

375637469546563455

281727

657364

8393 45445 8249 11955 1556 19366

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(d)

Figure 12 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

12 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

[7] O Su andN Ali Akcin ldquoNumerical simulation of rock cuttingusing the discrete element methodrdquo International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences vol 48 no 3 2010

[8] Z Tian L Zhao X Liu et al ldquoLoading performance of spiraldrum based on discrete element methodrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 10 pp 2758ndash2764 2017

[9] W McBride and P W Cleary ldquoAn investigation and opti-mization of the ldquoOLDSrdquo elevator using discrete elementmodelingrdquo Powder Technology vol 193 no 3 pp 216ndash2342009

[10] L Zhao Z Tian W Bao et al ldquoA New Method of EDEM onthin seam shearer loading performance and application basedonrdquo Journal of Mechanical Strength vol 39 no 3 pp 663ndash667 2017

[11] H Wu C Cheng C Ji et al ldquoDiscrete element methodanalysis of pick cutting coal seam based on PFC3Drdquo CoalMine Machinery vol 36 no 10 pp 134ndash136 2015

[12] J Bao Y Wang and Y Zhang ldquoSimulation analysis ofworking process for double drum-type shearer via discreteelement methodrdquo Coal Mine Machinery vol 39 no 7pp 60ndash62 2018

[13] CWang ldquoResearch of shearer drum loading simulation basedon DEMrdquo Coal Technology vol 37 no 1 pp 232ndash234 2018

[14] D A Estay and L E Chiang ldquoDiscrete crack model forsimulating rock comminution processes with the DiscreteElement Methodrdquo International Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Mining Sciences vol 60 pp 125ndash133 2013

[15] J Mao X Liu H Chen et al ldquoDifferent installation angle ofcutting picks affected to cutting performances of coal shearerrdquoCoal Science and Technology vol 45 no 10 pp 144ndash149 2017

[16] X Liu L Zhao F Renjin et al ldquoResearch on kinematicparameter optimum matching of thin coal seam shearerrdquoMechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineeringvol 36 no 11 pp 1701ndash1707 2017

[17] X Zhang Y Wang and Z Yang ldquoSimulation and analysis oncoal cutting process based on EDEMrdquo Coal Technologyvol 34 no 8 pp 243-244 2015

[18] G Wang H Wanjun and J Wang Discrete Element Methodand its Practice on EDEM Northwestern PolytechnicalUniversity Press Xirsquoan China 2010

[19] J Liu C Ma Q Zeng and K Gao ldquoDiscrete element sim-ulation of conical pickrsquos coal cutting process under differentcutting parametersrdquo Shock and Vibration vol 2018 ArticleID 7975141 9 pages 2018

[20] T Qu J Jiang and L Zhao 4e Key Technology of HighEfficiency Fully MechanizedMining in Complex Structure4inCoal Seam China University of Mining and Technology pressXuzhou China 2010

[21] Q Lei Based on Discrete Element Material Crushing Mech-anism Research Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou China 2012

[22] J Quist and C M Evertsson Cone Crusher Modeling andSimulation Department of Product and Production Devel-opment Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSweden 2012

[23] L Xia Study of Vibration Compression Breakage Process baseon Multi-Scale Cohesive Particle Model Jiangxi University ofScience and Technology Jiangxi China 2016

[24] L Zhao Z Fan and W Zhou ldquoStudy on reliability of spiraldrum in the breaking and falling process of coal and rockrdquoJournal of Safety Science and Technology vol 13 no 7pp 100ndash105 2017

[25] C Xu Y Wang Z Yang et al ldquoResearch on the particlemovement behavior in coaling process of drum reversionrdquo

Mining Research and Development vol 37 no 5 pp 104ndash1082017

[26] Z Qu Optimization Design Research for Parameter of theShearer Screw Drum Northeastern University ShenyangChina 2008

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 13

International Journal of

AerospaceEngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

RoboticsJournal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Active and Passive Electronic Components

VLSI Design

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Shock and Vibration

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Civil EngineeringAdvances in

Acoustics and VibrationAdvances in

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Journal of

Advances inOptoElectronics

Hindawiwwwhindawicom

Volume 2018

Hindawi Publishing Corporation httpwwwhindawicom Volume 2013Hindawiwwwhindawicom

The Scientific World Journal

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Control Scienceand Engineering

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Advances in

Multimedia

Submit your manuscripts atwwwhindawicom

did not exceed 7ms at the same time e drum had adepth of 630mm and the coal wall had a width of 800mmIt can be seen from Figure 5 that the number of eectivecoal loading zones was dierent when the cylinder speedwas dierent

e coal loading rate statistics are shown in Table 7 Ascan be seen from Table 7 as the drumrsquos rotational speed

increased the coal loading rate gradually increased Since thespeed of the drum was low the movement of the particles inthe drumwasmainly sliding and the speed of particle ejectionwas small As the rotational speed of the drum increased themovement of the particles was more aected by the rotationof the drum so that the particles were thrown into the ef-fective coal loading area so the coal loading rate improved

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

785e + 000981e + 000

589e + 000392e + 000196e + 000512e ndash 010

(a)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

843e + 000105e + 001

632e + 000422e + 000211e + 000219e ndash 010

(b)Time 445sVelocity (ms)

924e + 000116e + 001

693e + 000426e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

(c)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

124e + 001156e + 001

933e + 000622e + 000311e + 000198e ndash 010

(d)

Figure 7 Velocity of the coal particles (a) n 75 rmin (b) n 85 rmin (c) n 95 rmin (d) n 105 rmin

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

981204883084784964

51169e ndash 100981204

196241294361392482490602588723686843

8062 44136 80211 11628 15236 18843

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

105388948488843101

21928e ndash 10105388210775

42155526938632325

316163

737713

726 4375 8023 11672 1532 18969

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 20101

577777

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

155564140007124451

198241e ndash 10155564311127

622255777818933382

456691

108895

767 5032 9298 1356 1782 2209

(d)

Figure 8 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) n 75 rmin (b) n 85 rmin (c) n 95 rmin (d) n 105 rmin

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 9

442 Inuence of Traction Speed on the Drum Loading RateIn order to study the inuence of the traction speed of thedrum on the coal loading rate of the drum the drum speedwas set to 95 rmin the cutting depth was 630mm thetraction speeds used were 3mmin 4mmin 5mmin and6mmin and the simulation was then carried out e coalparticle velocity of the drum obtained in the posttreatment isshown in Figure 9 It can be seen from Figure 9 that as thetraction speed increased the number of coal rock particlesfalling into the eective coal loading zone gradually increasedHowever the traction speed was too large so the amount ofcoal falling into the oating coal zone increased so the coalcharging rate was lowered e distance vs speed of the coalow is shown in Figure 10 As can be seen from Figure 10 asthe traction speed increased the velocity of most of theparticles in each working condition gradually increasedMainly due to the higher traction speed the thickness of thedrum cutting layer per unit time increased and the corre-sponding instantaneous throwing particle speed increased

e coal loading rate of the abovementioned workingcondition for the drum is shown in Table 7 It can be seenfrom Table 7 that as the traction speed of the drum increased

the loading rate of the drum decreased As the traction speedincreased the coal ow rate in the drum blades increasedwhich reduced the amount of coal rock that could not bedischarged by the coal wall and the picks due to the lowtraction speed As the traction speed continued to increasethe unit interception coal volume of the shearer exceeded thecoal retention space in the drum blade causing the coal rockow to block the drum and it could not be discharged in timewhich greatly reduced the coal loading rate of the drum

443 Inuence of the Cutting Depth on the Drum LoadingRate In order to study the eect of the cutting depth on thespeed of the coal particles the rotational speed of the drumwas set to 95rmin the traction speed was set to 4mminand the dierent depths used were 480mm 530mm580mm and 630mm e coal particle velocity and coalparticle distance were obtained for the dierent depths espeeds are shown in Figures 11 and 12 It can be seen fromFigures 11 and 12 that as the depth of cut increased theamount of coal particles thrown into the coal charging zonegradually decreased It can be seen from Table 5 that as the

Table 7 e statistics of the coal loading rate

Traction speed (mmin) Rotational speed (mrmin) Cutting depth (mm) Average coal loading rate ()

4

75 416885

630

432395 4559105 4877

3 46684

95 6304559

5 44216 4345

480 5690

4 95530 50061580 4933630 4559

262e + 000281e ndash 009

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

105e + 001131e + 001

787e + 000525e + 000

(a)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

924e + 000116e + 001

693e + 000462e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

(b)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

795e + 000994e + 000

596e + 000395e + 000199e + 000292e ndash 009

(c)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

763e + 000954e + 000

573e + 000382e + 000191e + 000261e ndash 010

(d)

Figure 9 Velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

10 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

cutting depth of the shearer deepened the coal loading rateof the drum was reduced e main reason for this was thatthe mining depth of the shearer drum was too largeresulting in a cumulative increase of the amount of coalfalling in the capacity space of the drum blade causing long-term blockage which was dicult to clear and increased thedrumrsquos resistance

5 Conclusion

(1) e discrete element analysis software was used tostudy the dynamic cutting process of coal miningwith a shearing coal drum and it could dynami-cally observe the rock fragmentation and coal rockvelocity trajectory and it has provided a new

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

131141118027104912

28921e ndash 9131141262281393422524562655703786844917984

1569 5192 8814 12437 16059 1968

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111346666462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

99382894438795056

291622e ndash 9099328198164

39752849591

596292

298146

695674

955 4815 8674 12533 1639 20252

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

954196858776763357

215678e ndash 100954196

190839

381678477098572518

286259

667937

1097 4699 8299 1190 1550 1910

(d)

Figure 10 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

954e + 000119e + 001

715e + 000477e + 000238e + 000412e ndash 009

(a)

868e + 000108e + 001

651e + 000434e + 000217e + 000330e ndash 010

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(b)Time 445 s

Velocity (ms)

751e + 000939e + 000

563e + 000376e + 000188e + 000466e ndash 009

(c)

924e + 000693e + 000465e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

116e + 001

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(d)

Figure 11 Velocity of the coal ow (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 11

method for studying the working performance of ashearer

(2) e research indicated that the coal loading rate of thedrum decreased with the increase of the depth of cutincreased with the increase of the rotating speed of thedrum and decreased with the increase of the pullingspeede three-way force of the drum increased withthe increase of the traction speed decreased with theincrease of the drumrsquos rotational speed and increasedwith the increase of the depth of cut

(3) It can be seen from the analysis of the coal cuttingforce and the coal loading rate of the drum cuttingthat the drum could achieve high-eciency cutting ifthe cutting depth rotational speed and tractionspeed were dynamically matched

Data Availability

e data used to support the ndings of this study areavailable from the corresponding author upon request

Conflicts of Interest

e authors declare that they have no conicts of interest

Acknowledgments

is work was supported by National Natural Science(51674134) and Liaoning Provincial Education Department(LJ2017QL017)

References

[1] L Zhao andM Dong ldquoLoad problems of workingmechanismof the shearer in containing pyrites and tin coal seamrdquo Joumalof China Coal Society vol 34 no 6 pp 840ndash844 2009

[2] J He and Z Wang ldquoNumerical simulation of coal cuttingprocess of thin coal seam shearer spiral drumrdquo Coal Engi-neering vol 6 pp 97ndash99 2013

[3] R Li DEM Simulation Study of Cutting Coal for the CuttingHeader Shenyang Ligong University Shenyang China 2014

[4] Y Ji and X Cao ldquoDEM simulation method study for pickscutting coal of roadheaderrdquo Journal of liaoning engineeringtechnology university (natural science edition) vol 302 no 4pp 488ndash492 2013

[5] K-D Gao Study on Coal-Loading Performance of in CoalSeam Shearer China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou China 2014

[6] J Mao X Liu H Chong et al ldquoSimulation research of shearerdrum cutting performance based on EDEMrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 4 pp 1069ndash1077 2017

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

119234107311953874

411611e ndash 9119234238469357703476937596172715406

83464

199 5453 8916 12379 15842 19305

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

108489976398

86791

330087e ndash 10108489216977

433955542444650932

325466

759421

8628 461 8358 12106 15853 1960

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

939091845182751273

466482e ndash 90999091

187818

375637469546563455

281727

657364

8393 45445 8249 11955 1556 19366

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(d)

Figure 12 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

12 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

[7] O Su andN Ali Akcin ldquoNumerical simulation of rock cuttingusing the discrete element methodrdquo International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences vol 48 no 3 2010

[8] Z Tian L Zhao X Liu et al ldquoLoading performance of spiraldrum based on discrete element methodrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 10 pp 2758ndash2764 2017

[9] W McBride and P W Cleary ldquoAn investigation and opti-mization of the ldquoOLDSrdquo elevator using discrete elementmodelingrdquo Powder Technology vol 193 no 3 pp 216ndash2342009

[10] L Zhao Z Tian W Bao et al ldquoA New Method of EDEM onthin seam shearer loading performance and application basedonrdquo Journal of Mechanical Strength vol 39 no 3 pp 663ndash667 2017

[11] H Wu C Cheng C Ji et al ldquoDiscrete element methodanalysis of pick cutting coal seam based on PFC3Drdquo CoalMine Machinery vol 36 no 10 pp 134ndash136 2015

[12] J Bao Y Wang and Y Zhang ldquoSimulation analysis ofworking process for double drum-type shearer via discreteelement methodrdquo Coal Mine Machinery vol 39 no 7pp 60ndash62 2018

[13] CWang ldquoResearch of shearer drum loading simulation basedon DEMrdquo Coal Technology vol 37 no 1 pp 232ndash234 2018

[14] D A Estay and L E Chiang ldquoDiscrete crack model forsimulating rock comminution processes with the DiscreteElement Methodrdquo International Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Mining Sciences vol 60 pp 125ndash133 2013

[15] J Mao X Liu H Chen et al ldquoDifferent installation angle ofcutting picks affected to cutting performances of coal shearerrdquoCoal Science and Technology vol 45 no 10 pp 144ndash149 2017

[16] X Liu L Zhao F Renjin et al ldquoResearch on kinematicparameter optimum matching of thin coal seam shearerrdquoMechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineeringvol 36 no 11 pp 1701ndash1707 2017

[17] X Zhang Y Wang and Z Yang ldquoSimulation and analysis oncoal cutting process based on EDEMrdquo Coal Technologyvol 34 no 8 pp 243-244 2015

[18] G Wang H Wanjun and J Wang Discrete Element Methodand its Practice on EDEM Northwestern PolytechnicalUniversity Press Xirsquoan China 2010

[19] J Liu C Ma Q Zeng and K Gao ldquoDiscrete element sim-ulation of conical pickrsquos coal cutting process under differentcutting parametersrdquo Shock and Vibration vol 2018 ArticleID 7975141 9 pages 2018

[20] T Qu J Jiang and L Zhao 4e Key Technology of HighEfficiency Fully MechanizedMining in Complex Structure4inCoal Seam China University of Mining and Technology pressXuzhou China 2010

[21] Q Lei Based on Discrete Element Material Crushing Mech-anism Research Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou China 2012

[22] J Quist and C M Evertsson Cone Crusher Modeling andSimulation Department of Product and Production Devel-opment Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSweden 2012

[23] L Xia Study of Vibration Compression Breakage Process baseon Multi-Scale Cohesive Particle Model Jiangxi University ofScience and Technology Jiangxi China 2016

[24] L Zhao Z Fan and W Zhou ldquoStudy on reliability of spiraldrum in the breaking and falling process of coal and rockrdquoJournal of Safety Science and Technology vol 13 no 7pp 100ndash105 2017

[25] C Xu Y Wang Z Yang et al ldquoResearch on the particlemovement behavior in coaling process of drum reversionrdquo

Mining Research and Development vol 37 no 5 pp 104ndash1082017

[26] Z Qu Optimization Design Research for Parameter of theShearer Screw Drum Northeastern University ShenyangChina 2008

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 13

International Journal of

AerospaceEngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

RoboticsJournal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Active and Passive Electronic Components

VLSI Design

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Shock and Vibration

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Civil EngineeringAdvances in

Acoustics and VibrationAdvances in

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Journal of

Advances inOptoElectronics

Hindawiwwwhindawicom

Volume 2018

Hindawi Publishing Corporation httpwwwhindawicom Volume 2013Hindawiwwwhindawicom

The Scientific World Journal

Volume 2018

Control Scienceand Engineering

Journal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom

Journal ofEngineeringVolume 2018

SensorsJournal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

International Journal of

RotatingMachinery

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Modelling ampSimulationin EngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Chemical EngineeringInternational Journal of Antennas and

Propagation

International Journal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Navigation and Observation

International Journal of

Hindawi

wwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Advances in

Multimedia

Submit your manuscripts atwwwhindawicom

442 Inuence of Traction Speed on the Drum Loading RateIn order to study the inuence of the traction speed of thedrum on the coal loading rate of the drum the drum speedwas set to 95 rmin the cutting depth was 630mm thetraction speeds used were 3mmin 4mmin 5mmin and6mmin and the simulation was then carried out e coalparticle velocity of the drum obtained in the posttreatment isshown in Figure 9 It can be seen from Figure 9 that as thetraction speed increased the number of coal rock particlesfalling into the eective coal loading zone gradually increasedHowever the traction speed was too large so the amount ofcoal falling into the oating coal zone increased so the coalcharging rate was lowered e distance vs speed of the coalow is shown in Figure 10 As can be seen from Figure 10 asthe traction speed increased the velocity of most of theparticles in each working condition gradually increasedMainly due to the higher traction speed the thickness of thedrum cutting layer per unit time increased and the corre-sponding instantaneous throwing particle speed increased

e coal loading rate of the abovementioned workingcondition for the drum is shown in Table 7 It can be seenfrom Table 7 that as the traction speed of the drum increased

the loading rate of the drum decreased As the traction speedincreased the coal ow rate in the drum blades increasedwhich reduced the amount of coal rock that could not bedischarged by the coal wall and the picks due to the lowtraction speed As the traction speed continued to increasethe unit interception coal volume of the shearer exceeded thecoal retention space in the drum blade causing the coal rockow to block the drum and it could not be discharged in timewhich greatly reduced the coal loading rate of the drum

443 Inuence of the Cutting Depth on the Drum LoadingRate In order to study the eect of the cutting depth on thespeed of the coal particles the rotational speed of the drumwas set to 95rmin the traction speed was set to 4mminand the dierent depths used were 480mm 530mm580mm and 630mm e coal particle velocity and coalparticle distance were obtained for the dierent depths espeeds are shown in Figures 11 and 12 It can be seen fromFigures 11 and 12 that as the depth of cut increased theamount of coal particles thrown into the coal charging zonegradually decreased It can be seen from Table 5 that as the

Table 7 e statistics of the coal loading rate

Traction speed (mmin) Rotational speed (mrmin) Cutting depth (mm) Average coal loading rate ()

4

75 416885

630

432395 4559105 4877

3 46684

95 6304559

5 44216 4345

480 5690

4 95530 50061580 4933630 4559

262e + 000281e ndash 009

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

105e + 001131e + 001

787e + 000525e + 000

(a)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

924e + 000116e + 001

693e + 000462e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

(b)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

795e + 000994e + 000

596e + 000395e + 000199e + 000292e ndash 009

(c)

Time 445sVelocity (ms)

763e + 000954e + 000

573e + 000382e + 000191e + 000261e ndash 010

(d)

Figure 9 Velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

10 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

cutting depth of the shearer deepened the coal loading rateof the drum was reduced e main reason for this was thatthe mining depth of the shearer drum was too largeresulting in a cumulative increase of the amount of coalfalling in the capacity space of the drum blade causing long-term blockage which was dicult to clear and increased thedrumrsquos resistance

5 Conclusion

(1) e discrete element analysis software was used tostudy the dynamic cutting process of coal miningwith a shearing coal drum and it could dynami-cally observe the rock fragmentation and coal rockvelocity trajectory and it has provided a new

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

131141118027104912

28921e ndash 9131141262281393422524562655703786844917984

1569 5192 8814 12437 16059 1968

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111346666462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

99382894438795056

291622e ndash 9099328198164

39752849591

596292

298146

695674

955 4815 8674 12533 1639 20252

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

954196858776763357

215678e ndash 100954196

190839

381678477098572518

286259

667937

1097 4699 8299 1190 1550 1910

(d)

Figure 10 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

954e + 000119e + 001

715e + 000477e + 000238e + 000412e ndash 009

(a)

868e + 000108e + 001

651e + 000434e + 000217e + 000330e ndash 010

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(b)Time 445 s

Velocity (ms)

751e + 000939e + 000

563e + 000376e + 000188e + 000466e ndash 009

(c)

924e + 000693e + 000465e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

116e + 001

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(d)

Figure 11 Velocity of the coal ow (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 11

method for studying the working performance of ashearer

(2) e research indicated that the coal loading rate of thedrum decreased with the increase of the depth of cutincreased with the increase of the rotating speed of thedrum and decreased with the increase of the pullingspeede three-way force of the drum increased withthe increase of the traction speed decreased with theincrease of the drumrsquos rotational speed and increasedwith the increase of the depth of cut

(3) It can be seen from the analysis of the coal cuttingforce and the coal loading rate of the drum cuttingthat the drum could achieve high-eciency cutting ifthe cutting depth rotational speed and tractionspeed were dynamically matched

Data Availability

e data used to support the ndings of this study areavailable from the corresponding author upon request

Conflicts of Interest

e authors declare that they have no conicts of interest

Acknowledgments

is work was supported by National Natural Science(51674134) and Liaoning Provincial Education Department(LJ2017QL017)

References

[1] L Zhao andM Dong ldquoLoad problems of workingmechanismof the shearer in containing pyrites and tin coal seamrdquo Joumalof China Coal Society vol 34 no 6 pp 840ndash844 2009

[2] J He and Z Wang ldquoNumerical simulation of coal cuttingprocess of thin coal seam shearer spiral drumrdquo Coal Engi-neering vol 6 pp 97ndash99 2013

[3] R Li DEM Simulation Study of Cutting Coal for the CuttingHeader Shenyang Ligong University Shenyang China 2014

[4] Y Ji and X Cao ldquoDEM simulation method study for pickscutting coal of roadheaderrdquo Journal of liaoning engineeringtechnology university (natural science edition) vol 302 no 4pp 488ndash492 2013

[5] K-D Gao Study on Coal-Loading Performance of in CoalSeam Shearer China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou China 2014

[6] J Mao X Liu H Chong et al ldquoSimulation research of shearerdrum cutting performance based on EDEMrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 4 pp 1069ndash1077 2017

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

119234107311953874

411611e ndash 9119234238469357703476937596172715406

83464

199 5453 8916 12379 15842 19305

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

108489976398

86791

330087e ndash 10108489216977

433955542444650932

325466

759421

8628 461 8358 12106 15853 1960

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

939091845182751273

466482e ndash 90999091

187818

375637469546563455

281727

657364

8393 45445 8249 11955 1556 19366

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(d)

Figure 12 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

12 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

[7] O Su andN Ali Akcin ldquoNumerical simulation of rock cuttingusing the discrete element methodrdquo International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences vol 48 no 3 2010

[8] Z Tian L Zhao X Liu et al ldquoLoading performance of spiraldrum based on discrete element methodrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 10 pp 2758ndash2764 2017

[9] W McBride and P W Cleary ldquoAn investigation and opti-mization of the ldquoOLDSrdquo elevator using discrete elementmodelingrdquo Powder Technology vol 193 no 3 pp 216ndash2342009

[10] L Zhao Z Tian W Bao et al ldquoA New Method of EDEM onthin seam shearer loading performance and application basedonrdquo Journal of Mechanical Strength vol 39 no 3 pp 663ndash667 2017

[11] H Wu C Cheng C Ji et al ldquoDiscrete element methodanalysis of pick cutting coal seam based on PFC3Drdquo CoalMine Machinery vol 36 no 10 pp 134ndash136 2015

[12] J Bao Y Wang and Y Zhang ldquoSimulation analysis ofworking process for double drum-type shearer via discreteelement methodrdquo Coal Mine Machinery vol 39 no 7pp 60ndash62 2018

[13] CWang ldquoResearch of shearer drum loading simulation basedon DEMrdquo Coal Technology vol 37 no 1 pp 232ndash234 2018

[14] D A Estay and L E Chiang ldquoDiscrete crack model forsimulating rock comminution processes with the DiscreteElement Methodrdquo International Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Mining Sciences vol 60 pp 125ndash133 2013

[15] J Mao X Liu H Chen et al ldquoDifferent installation angle ofcutting picks affected to cutting performances of coal shearerrdquoCoal Science and Technology vol 45 no 10 pp 144ndash149 2017

[16] X Liu L Zhao F Renjin et al ldquoResearch on kinematicparameter optimum matching of thin coal seam shearerrdquoMechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineeringvol 36 no 11 pp 1701ndash1707 2017

[17] X Zhang Y Wang and Z Yang ldquoSimulation and analysis oncoal cutting process based on EDEMrdquo Coal Technologyvol 34 no 8 pp 243-244 2015

[18] G Wang H Wanjun and J Wang Discrete Element Methodand its Practice on EDEM Northwestern PolytechnicalUniversity Press Xirsquoan China 2010

[19] J Liu C Ma Q Zeng and K Gao ldquoDiscrete element sim-ulation of conical pickrsquos coal cutting process under differentcutting parametersrdquo Shock and Vibration vol 2018 ArticleID 7975141 9 pages 2018

[20] T Qu J Jiang and L Zhao 4e Key Technology of HighEfficiency Fully MechanizedMining in Complex Structure4inCoal Seam China University of Mining and Technology pressXuzhou China 2010

[21] Q Lei Based on Discrete Element Material Crushing Mech-anism Research Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou China 2012

[22] J Quist and C M Evertsson Cone Crusher Modeling andSimulation Department of Product and Production Devel-opment Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSweden 2012

[23] L Xia Study of Vibration Compression Breakage Process baseon Multi-Scale Cohesive Particle Model Jiangxi University ofScience and Technology Jiangxi China 2016

[24] L Zhao Z Fan and W Zhou ldquoStudy on reliability of spiraldrum in the breaking and falling process of coal and rockrdquoJournal of Safety Science and Technology vol 13 no 7pp 100ndash105 2017

[25] C Xu Y Wang Z Yang et al ldquoResearch on the particlemovement behavior in coaling process of drum reversionrdquo

Mining Research and Development vol 37 no 5 pp 104ndash1082017

[26] Z Qu Optimization Design Research for Parameter of theShearer Screw Drum Northeastern University ShenyangChina 2008

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 13

International Journal of

AerospaceEngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

RoboticsJournal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Active and Passive Electronic Components

VLSI Design

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Shock and Vibration

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Civil EngineeringAdvances in

Acoustics and VibrationAdvances in

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Journal of

Advances inOptoElectronics

Hindawiwwwhindawicom

Volume 2018

Hindawi Publishing Corporation httpwwwhindawicom Volume 2013Hindawiwwwhindawicom

The Scientific World Journal

Volume 2018

Control Scienceand Engineering

Journal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom

Journal ofEngineeringVolume 2018

SensorsJournal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

International Journal of

RotatingMachinery

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Modelling ampSimulationin EngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Chemical EngineeringInternational Journal of Antennas and

Propagation

International Journal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Navigation and Observation

International Journal of

Hindawi

wwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Advances in

Multimedia

Submit your manuscripts atwwwhindawicom

cutting depth of the shearer deepened the coal loading rateof the drum was reduced e main reason for this was thatthe mining depth of the shearer drum was too largeresulting in a cumulative increase of the amount of coalfalling in the capacity space of the drum blade causing long-term blockage which was dicult to clear and increased thedrumrsquos resistance

5 Conclusion

(1) e discrete element analysis software was used tostudy the dynamic cutting process of coal miningwith a shearing coal drum and it could dynami-cally observe the rock fragmentation and coal rockvelocity trajectory and it has provided a new

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

131141118027104912

28921e ndash 9131141262281393422524562655703786844917984

1569 5192 8814 12437 16059 1968

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111346666462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

99382894438795056

291622e ndash 9099328198164

39752849591

596292

298146

695674

955 4815 8674 12533 1639 20252

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

954196858776763357

215678e ndash 100954196

190839

381678477098572518

286259

667937

1097 4699 8299 1190 1550 1910

(d)

Figure 10 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) Vq 3mmin (b) Vq 4mmin (c) Vq 5mmin (d) Vq 6mmin

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

954e + 000119e + 001

715e + 000477e + 000238e + 000412e ndash 009

(a)

868e + 000108e + 001

651e + 000434e + 000217e + 000330e ndash 010

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(b)Time 445 s

Velocity (ms)

751e + 000939e + 000

563e + 000376e + 000188e + 000466e ndash 009

(c)

924e + 000693e + 000465e + 000231e + 000227e ndash 009

116e + 001

Time 445 sVelocity (ms)

(d)

Figure 11 Velocity of the coal ow (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 11

method for studying the working performance of ashearer

(2) e research indicated that the coal loading rate of thedrum decreased with the increase of the depth of cutincreased with the increase of the rotating speed of thedrum and decreased with the increase of the pullingspeede three-way force of the drum increased withthe increase of the traction speed decreased with theincrease of the drumrsquos rotational speed and increasedwith the increase of the depth of cut

(3) It can be seen from the analysis of the coal cuttingforce and the coal loading rate of the drum cuttingthat the drum could achieve high-eciency cutting ifthe cutting depth rotational speed and tractionspeed were dynamically matched

Data Availability

e data used to support the ndings of this study areavailable from the corresponding author upon request

Conflicts of Interest

e authors declare that they have no conicts of interest

Acknowledgments

is work was supported by National Natural Science(51674134) and Liaoning Provincial Education Department(LJ2017QL017)

References

[1] L Zhao andM Dong ldquoLoad problems of workingmechanismof the shearer in containing pyrites and tin coal seamrdquo Joumalof China Coal Society vol 34 no 6 pp 840ndash844 2009

[2] J He and Z Wang ldquoNumerical simulation of coal cuttingprocess of thin coal seam shearer spiral drumrdquo Coal Engi-neering vol 6 pp 97ndash99 2013

[3] R Li DEM Simulation Study of Cutting Coal for the CuttingHeader Shenyang Ligong University Shenyang China 2014

[4] Y Ji and X Cao ldquoDEM simulation method study for pickscutting coal of roadheaderrdquo Journal of liaoning engineeringtechnology university (natural science edition) vol 302 no 4pp 488ndash492 2013

[5] K-D Gao Study on Coal-Loading Performance of in CoalSeam Shearer China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou China 2014

[6] J Mao X Liu H Chong et al ldquoSimulation research of shearerdrum cutting performance based on EDEMrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 4 pp 1069ndash1077 2017

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

119234107311953874

411611e ndash 9119234238469357703476937596172715406

83464

199 5453 8916 12379 15842 19305

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

108489976398

86791

330087e ndash 10108489216977

433955542444650932

325466

759421

8628 461 8358 12106 15853 1960

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

939091845182751273

466482e ndash 90999091

187818

375637469546563455

281727

657364

8393 45445 8249 11955 1556 19366

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(d)

Figure 12 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

12 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

[7] O Su andN Ali Akcin ldquoNumerical simulation of rock cuttingusing the discrete element methodrdquo International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences vol 48 no 3 2010

[8] Z Tian L Zhao X Liu et al ldquoLoading performance of spiraldrum based on discrete element methodrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 10 pp 2758ndash2764 2017

[9] W McBride and P W Cleary ldquoAn investigation and opti-mization of the ldquoOLDSrdquo elevator using discrete elementmodelingrdquo Powder Technology vol 193 no 3 pp 216ndash2342009

[10] L Zhao Z Tian W Bao et al ldquoA New Method of EDEM onthin seam shearer loading performance and application basedonrdquo Journal of Mechanical Strength vol 39 no 3 pp 663ndash667 2017

[11] H Wu C Cheng C Ji et al ldquoDiscrete element methodanalysis of pick cutting coal seam based on PFC3Drdquo CoalMine Machinery vol 36 no 10 pp 134ndash136 2015

[12] J Bao Y Wang and Y Zhang ldquoSimulation analysis ofworking process for double drum-type shearer via discreteelement methodrdquo Coal Mine Machinery vol 39 no 7pp 60ndash62 2018

[13] CWang ldquoResearch of shearer drum loading simulation basedon DEMrdquo Coal Technology vol 37 no 1 pp 232ndash234 2018

[14] D A Estay and L E Chiang ldquoDiscrete crack model forsimulating rock comminution processes with the DiscreteElement Methodrdquo International Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Mining Sciences vol 60 pp 125ndash133 2013

[15] J Mao X Liu H Chen et al ldquoDifferent installation angle ofcutting picks affected to cutting performances of coal shearerrdquoCoal Science and Technology vol 45 no 10 pp 144ndash149 2017

[16] X Liu L Zhao F Renjin et al ldquoResearch on kinematicparameter optimum matching of thin coal seam shearerrdquoMechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineeringvol 36 no 11 pp 1701ndash1707 2017

[17] X Zhang Y Wang and Z Yang ldquoSimulation and analysis oncoal cutting process based on EDEMrdquo Coal Technologyvol 34 no 8 pp 243-244 2015

[18] G Wang H Wanjun and J Wang Discrete Element Methodand its Practice on EDEM Northwestern PolytechnicalUniversity Press Xirsquoan China 2010

[19] J Liu C Ma Q Zeng and K Gao ldquoDiscrete element sim-ulation of conical pickrsquos coal cutting process under differentcutting parametersrdquo Shock and Vibration vol 2018 ArticleID 7975141 9 pages 2018

[20] T Qu J Jiang and L Zhao 4e Key Technology of HighEfficiency Fully MechanizedMining in Complex Structure4inCoal Seam China University of Mining and Technology pressXuzhou China 2010

[21] Q Lei Based on Discrete Element Material Crushing Mech-anism Research Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou China 2012

[22] J Quist and C M Evertsson Cone Crusher Modeling andSimulation Department of Product and Production Devel-opment Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSweden 2012

[23] L Xia Study of Vibration Compression Breakage Process baseon Multi-Scale Cohesive Particle Model Jiangxi University ofScience and Technology Jiangxi China 2016

[24] L Zhao Z Fan and W Zhou ldquoStudy on reliability of spiraldrum in the breaking and falling process of coal and rockrdquoJournal of Safety Science and Technology vol 13 no 7pp 100ndash105 2017

[25] C Xu Y Wang Z Yang et al ldquoResearch on the particlemovement behavior in coaling process of drum reversionrdquo

Mining Research and Development vol 37 no 5 pp 104ndash1082017

[26] Z Qu Optimization Design Research for Parameter of theShearer Screw Drum Northeastern University ShenyangChina 2008

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 13

International Journal of

AerospaceEngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

RoboticsJournal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Active and Passive Electronic Components

VLSI Design

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Shock and Vibration

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Civil EngineeringAdvances in

Acoustics and VibrationAdvances in

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Journal of

Advances inOptoElectronics

Hindawiwwwhindawicom

Volume 2018

Hindawi Publishing Corporation httpwwwhindawicom Volume 2013Hindawiwwwhindawicom

The Scientific World Journal

Volume 2018

Control Scienceand Engineering

Journal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom

Journal ofEngineeringVolume 2018

SensorsJournal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

International Journal of

RotatingMachinery

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Modelling ampSimulationin EngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Chemical EngineeringInternational Journal of Antennas and

Propagation

International Journal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Navigation and Observation

International Journal of

Hindawi

wwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Advances in

Multimedia

Submit your manuscripts atwwwhindawicom

method for studying the working performance of ashearer

(2) e research indicated that the coal loading rate of thedrum decreased with the increase of the depth of cutincreased with the increase of the rotating speed of thedrum and decreased with the increase of the pullingspeede three-way force of the drum increased withthe increase of the traction speed decreased with theincrease of the drumrsquos rotational speed and increasedwith the increase of the depth of cut

(3) It can be seen from the analysis of the coal cuttingforce and the coal loading rate of the drum cuttingthat the drum could achieve high-eciency cutting ifthe cutting depth rotational speed and tractionspeed were dynamically matched

Data Availability

e data used to support the ndings of this study areavailable from the corresponding author upon request

Conflicts of Interest

e authors declare that they have no conicts of interest

Acknowledgments

is work was supported by National Natural Science(51674134) and Liaoning Provincial Education Department(LJ2017QL017)

References

[1] L Zhao andM Dong ldquoLoad problems of workingmechanismof the shearer in containing pyrites and tin coal seamrdquo Joumalof China Coal Society vol 34 no 6 pp 840ndash844 2009

[2] J He and Z Wang ldquoNumerical simulation of coal cuttingprocess of thin coal seam shearer spiral drumrdquo Coal Engi-neering vol 6 pp 97ndash99 2013

[3] R Li DEM Simulation Study of Cutting Coal for the CuttingHeader Shenyang Ligong University Shenyang China 2014

[4] Y Ji and X Cao ldquoDEM simulation method study for pickscutting coal of roadheaderrdquo Journal of liaoning engineeringtechnology university (natural science edition) vol 302 no 4pp 488ndash492 2013

[5] K-D Gao Study on Coal-Loading Performance of in CoalSeam Shearer China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou China 2014

[6] J Mao X Liu H Chong et al ldquoSimulation research of shearerdrum cutting performance based on EDEMrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 4 pp 1069ndash1077 2017

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

119234107311953874

411611e ndash 9119234238469357703476937596172715406

83464

199 5453 8916 12379 15842 19305

(a)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

108489976398

86791

330087e ndash 10108489216977

433955542444650932

325466

759421

8628 461 8358 12106 15853 1960

(b)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

939091845182751273

466482e ndash 90999091

187818

375637469546563455

281727

657364

8393 45445 8249 11955 1556 19366

(c)

Vel

ocity

(ms

)

Distance (mm)

115555104

924443

226722e ndash 9115555231111342222462222

693332808888

1233 5006 8783 12554 16327 2010

577777

(d)

Figure 12 Distance vs velocity of the coal particles (a) B 480mm (b) B 530mm (c) B 580mm (d) B 630mm

12 Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

[7] O Su andN Ali Akcin ldquoNumerical simulation of rock cuttingusing the discrete element methodrdquo International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences vol 48 no 3 2010

[8] Z Tian L Zhao X Liu et al ldquoLoading performance of spiraldrum based on discrete element methodrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 10 pp 2758ndash2764 2017

[9] W McBride and P W Cleary ldquoAn investigation and opti-mization of the ldquoOLDSrdquo elevator using discrete elementmodelingrdquo Powder Technology vol 193 no 3 pp 216ndash2342009

[10] L Zhao Z Tian W Bao et al ldquoA New Method of EDEM onthin seam shearer loading performance and application basedonrdquo Journal of Mechanical Strength vol 39 no 3 pp 663ndash667 2017

[11] H Wu C Cheng C Ji et al ldquoDiscrete element methodanalysis of pick cutting coal seam based on PFC3Drdquo CoalMine Machinery vol 36 no 10 pp 134ndash136 2015

[12] J Bao Y Wang and Y Zhang ldquoSimulation analysis ofworking process for double drum-type shearer via discreteelement methodrdquo Coal Mine Machinery vol 39 no 7pp 60ndash62 2018

[13] CWang ldquoResearch of shearer drum loading simulation basedon DEMrdquo Coal Technology vol 37 no 1 pp 232ndash234 2018

[14] D A Estay and L E Chiang ldquoDiscrete crack model forsimulating rock comminution processes with the DiscreteElement Methodrdquo International Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Mining Sciences vol 60 pp 125ndash133 2013

[15] J Mao X Liu H Chen et al ldquoDifferent installation angle ofcutting picks affected to cutting performances of coal shearerrdquoCoal Science and Technology vol 45 no 10 pp 144ndash149 2017

[16] X Liu L Zhao F Renjin et al ldquoResearch on kinematicparameter optimum matching of thin coal seam shearerrdquoMechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineeringvol 36 no 11 pp 1701ndash1707 2017

[17] X Zhang Y Wang and Z Yang ldquoSimulation and analysis oncoal cutting process based on EDEMrdquo Coal Technologyvol 34 no 8 pp 243-244 2015

[18] G Wang H Wanjun and J Wang Discrete Element Methodand its Practice on EDEM Northwestern PolytechnicalUniversity Press Xirsquoan China 2010

[19] J Liu C Ma Q Zeng and K Gao ldquoDiscrete element sim-ulation of conical pickrsquos coal cutting process under differentcutting parametersrdquo Shock and Vibration vol 2018 ArticleID 7975141 9 pages 2018

[20] T Qu J Jiang and L Zhao 4e Key Technology of HighEfficiency Fully MechanizedMining in Complex Structure4inCoal Seam China University of Mining and Technology pressXuzhou China 2010

[21] Q Lei Based on Discrete Element Material Crushing Mech-anism Research Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou China 2012

[22] J Quist and C M Evertsson Cone Crusher Modeling andSimulation Department of Product and Production Devel-opment Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSweden 2012

[23] L Xia Study of Vibration Compression Breakage Process baseon Multi-Scale Cohesive Particle Model Jiangxi University ofScience and Technology Jiangxi China 2016

[24] L Zhao Z Fan and W Zhou ldquoStudy on reliability of spiraldrum in the breaking and falling process of coal and rockrdquoJournal of Safety Science and Technology vol 13 no 7pp 100ndash105 2017

[25] C Xu Y Wang Z Yang et al ldquoResearch on the particlemovement behavior in coaling process of drum reversionrdquo

Mining Research and Development vol 37 no 5 pp 104ndash1082017

[26] Z Qu Optimization Design Research for Parameter of theShearer Screw Drum Northeastern University ShenyangChina 2008

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 13

International Journal of

AerospaceEngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

RoboticsJournal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Active and Passive Electronic Components

VLSI Design

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Shock and Vibration

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Civil EngineeringAdvances in

Acoustics and VibrationAdvances in

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Journal of

Advances inOptoElectronics

Hindawiwwwhindawicom

Volume 2018

Hindawi Publishing Corporation httpwwwhindawicom Volume 2013Hindawiwwwhindawicom

The Scientific World Journal

Volume 2018

Control Scienceand Engineering

Journal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom

Journal ofEngineeringVolume 2018

SensorsJournal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

International Journal of

RotatingMachinery

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Modelling ampSimulationin EngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Chemical EngineeringInternational Journal of Antennas and

Propagation

International Journal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Navigation and Observation

International Journal of

Hindawi

wwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Advances in

Multimedia

Submit your manuscripts atwwwhindawicom

[7] O Su andN Ali Akcin ldquoNumerical simulation of rock cuttingusing the discrete element methodrdquo International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences vol 48 no 3 2010

[8] Z Tian L Zhao X Liu et al ldquoLoading performance of spiraldrum based on discrete element methodrdquo Journal of ChinaCoal Society vol 42 no 10 pp 2758ndash2764 2017

[9] W McBride and P W Cleary ldquoAn investigation and opti-mization of the ldquoOLDSrdquo elevator using discrete elementmodelingrdquo Powder Technology vol 193 no 3 pp 216ndash2342009

[10] L Zhao Z Tian W Bao et al ldquoA New Method of EDEM onthin seam shearer loading performance and application basedonrdquo Journal of Mechanical Strength vol 39 no 3 pp 663ndash667 2017

[11] H Wu C Cheng C Ji et al ldquoDiscrete element methodanalysis of pick cutting coal seam based on PFC3Drdquo CoalMine Machinery vol 36 no 10 pp 134ndash136 2015

[12] J Bao Y Wang and Y Zhang ldquoSimulation analysis ofworking process for double drum-type shearer via discreteelement methodrdquo Coal Mine Machinery vol 39 no 7pp 60ndash62 2018

[13] CWang ldquoResearch of shearer drum loading simulation basedon DEMrdquo Coal Technology vol 37 no 1 pp 232ndash234 2018

[14] D A Estay and L E Chiang ldquoDiscrete crack model forsimulating rock comminution processes with the DiscreteElement Methodrdquo International Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Mining Sciences vol 60 pp 125ndash133 2013

[15] J Mao X Liu H Chen et al ldquoDifferent installation angle ofcutting picks affected to cutting performances of coal shearerrdquoCoal Science and Technology vol 45 no 10 pp 144ndash149 2017

[16] X Liu L Zhao F Renjin et al ldquoResearch on kinematicparameter optimum matching of thin coal seam shearerrdquoMechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineeringvol 36 no 11 pp 1701ndash1707 2017

[17] X Zhang Y Wang and Z Yang ldquoSimulation and analysis oncoal cutting process based on EDEMrdquo Coal Technologyvol 34 no 8 pp 243-244 2015

[18] G Wang H Wanjun and J Wang Discrete Element Methodand its Practice on EDEM Northwestern PolytechnicalUniversity Press Xirsquoan China 2010

[19] J Liu C Ma Q Zeng and K Gao ldquoDiscrete element sim-ulation of conical pickrsquos coal cutting process under differentcutting parametersrdquo Shock and Vibration vol 2018 ArticleID 7975141 9 pages 2018

[20] T Qu J Jiang and L Zhao 4e Key Technology of HighEfficiency Fully MechanizedMining in Complex Structure4inCoal Seam China University of Mining and Technology pressXuzhou China 2010

[21] Q Lei Based on Discrete Element Material Crushing Mech-anism Research Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou China 2012

[22] J Quist and C M Evertsson Cone Crusher Modeling andSimulation Department of Product and Production Devel-opment Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSweden 2012

[23] L Xia Study of Vibration Compression Breakage Process baseon Multi-Scale Cohesive Particle Model Jiangxi University ofScience and Technology Jiangxi China 2016

[24] L Zhao Z Fan and W Zhou ldquoStudy on reliability of spiraldrum in the breaking and falling process of coal and rockrdquoJournal of Safety Science and Technology vol 13 no 7pp 100ndash105 2017

[25] C Xu Y Wang Z Yang et al ldquoResearch on the particlemovement behavior in coaling process of drum reversionrdquo

Mining Research and Development vol 37 no 5 pp 104ndash1082017

[26] Z Qu Optimization Design Research for Parameter of theShearer Screw Drum Northeastern University ShenyangChina 2008

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 13

International Journal of

AerospaceEngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

RoboticsJournal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Active and Passive Electronic Components

VLSI Design

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Shock and Vibration

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Civil EngineeringAdvances in

Acoustics and VibrationAdvances in

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Journal of

Advances inOptoElectronics

Hindawiwwwhindawicom

Volume 2018

Hindawi Publishing Corporation httpwwwhindawicom Volume 2013Hindawiwwwhindawicom

The Scientific World Journal

Volume 2018

Control Scienceand Engineering

Journal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom

Journal ofEngineeringVolume 2018

SensorsJournal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

International Journal of

RotatingMachinery

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Modelling ampSimulationin EngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Chemical EngineeringInternational Journal of Antennas and

Propagation

International Journal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Navigation and Observation

International Journal of

Hindawi

wwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Advances in

Multimedia

Submit your manuscripts atwwwhindawicom

International Journal of

AerospaceEngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

RoboticsJournal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Active and Passive Electronic Components

VLSI Design

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Shock and Vibration

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Civil EngineeringAdvances in

Acoustics and VibrationAdvances in

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Journal of

Advances inOptoElectronics

Hindawiwwwhindawicom

Volume 2018

Hindawi Publishing Corporation httpwwwhindawicom Volume 2013Hindawiwwwhindawicom

The Scientific World Journal

Volume 2018

Control Scienceand Engineering

Journal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom

Journal ofEngineeringVolume 2018

SensorsJournal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

International Journal of

RotatingMachinery

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Modelling ampSimulationin EngineeringHindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Chemical EngineeringInternational Journal of Antennas and

Propagation

International Journal of

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Hindawiwwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Navigation and Observation

International Journal of

Hindawi

wwwhindawicom Volume 2018

Advances in

Multimedia

Submit your manuscripts atwwwhindawicom