Simply Put_ What Needs to Be Done to Upgrade From BS-IV _ the Indian Express

8/19/2019 Simply Put_ What Needs to Be Done to Upgrade From BS-IV _ the Indian Express

1/21

16/03/2016 Simply put: What needs to be done to upgrade from BS-IV | The Indian Express

http://i ndi anexpr ess.com /ar ti cl e/expl ai ned/si mpl y- put- what- needs- to- bedone- to- upgr ade- fr om -bs- iv/

Comments (3)

(http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/simply-put-what-needs-to-be-done-to-upgrade-from-

Written by Anil Sasi (http://indianexpress.com/pro䀈le/author/anil-sasi/) | Published:January 7, 2016 12:20 am

(http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/lucknow/up-zila-panchayat-chairperson-polls-rampagingsp-meets-roadblocks-own-men-bsp/)(http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/underestimating-disability-use-of-divyang/)

Home (/) Explained (Http://Indianexpress.Com/Section/Explained/)Simply put: What needs to be done to upgrade from BS-IV

Simply put: What needs to bedone to upgrade from BS-IVFour years from now, the government wants to leap directly to BS-VI

auto emission norms from the existing BS-IV, skipping BS-V. But the

challenges, before both oil companies and automakers, are enormous.

135Like 18 6

(/) - IEpoint(s)

http://indianexpress.com/profile/author/anil-sasi/http://indianexpress.com/http://indianexpress.com/section/explained/http://indianexpress.com/http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/underestimating-disability-use-of-divyang/http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/lucknow/up-zila-panchayat-chairperson-polls-rampaging-sp-meets-roadblocks-own-men-bsp/http://indianexpress.com/profile/author/anil-sasi/http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/simply-put-what-needs-to-be-done-to-upgrade-from-bs-iv/99/print/


2/21


http://i ndi anexpr ess.com /ar ti cl e/expl ai ned/si mpl y- put- what- needs- to- bedone- to- upgr ade- fr om -bs- iv/ 2

Intex Neo-Vi(Black And Red) (Http://Redir1.Buyt.In/?Pid=8126849&Seller=Flipkart&Pubid=Ie&Wid=AWCOM&Sid=Default&Ctry=&Ab=&Device=Desktop)

₹ 1,149

(http://redir1.buyt.in/?pid=8126849&seller=샖ipkart&pubid=ie&wid=AWCOM&sid=default&ctry=&ab=&device=deskto

Mitashi BS 45 U Laptop/Deskt... (Http://Redir1.Buyt.In/?Pid=12998446&Seller=Flipkart&Pubid=Ie&Wid=AWCOM&Sid=Default&Ctry=&Ab=&Device=Desktop)

₹ 2,329

(http://redir1.buyt.in/?

pid=12998446&seller=샖ipkart&pubid=ie&wid=AWCOM&sid=default&ctry=&ab=&device=deskt

Powered by BuyT.in (http://buyt.in)

BS-V requires a key 㿝tment in the engine; BS-VI needs one more, but each comes with its set of

problems.

The decision — announced by the government on Wednesday after a meeting of the

Ministers for Road Transport, Petroleum, Heavy Industries, and Environment — to

bring forward the nationwide rollout of BS-VI vehicular emission norms (Report,

Page 21), is in line with promises made by India at the Climate Change Conference

in Paris last month, and the broad public sentiment against the dangerously high

levels of air pollution in major Indian cities, led by the national capital, New Delhi.

BS Emission Norms

http://buyt.in/http://redir1.buyt.in/?pid=12998446&seller=flipkart&pubid=ie&wid=AWCOM&sid=default&ctry=&ab=&device=desktophttp://redir1.buyt.in/?pid=12998446&seller=flipkart&pubid=ie&wid=AWCOM&sid=default&ctry=&ab=&device=desktophttp://redir1.buyt.in/?pid=8126849&seller=flipkart&pubid=ie&wid=AWCOM&sid=default&ctry=&ab=&device=desktophttp://redir1.buyt.in/?pid=8126849&seller=flipkart&pubid=ie&wid=AWCOM&sid=default&ctry=&ab=&device=desktop


3/21



SHARE THISARTICLE

(https://www.f u=http://indianput-what-needs-to-be-done-to-upgrade-from-bs-iv/)

The BS — or Bharat Stage — emission standards are norms instituted by the

government to regulate the output of air pollutants from internal combustion

engine equipment, including motor vehicles. India has been following the

European (Euro) emission norms, though with a time lag of five years. BS-IV norms

are currently applicable in 33 cities in which the required grade of fuel is available;

the rest of India still conforms to BS-III standards.

India introduced emission norms first in 1991, and tightened them in 1996, when

most vehicle manufacturers had to incorporate technology upgrades like catalytic

converters to cut exhaust emissions. Fuel specifications based on environmental

considerations were notified first in April 1996 — to be implemented by 2000, and

incorporated in BIS 2000 standards. Following the landmark Supreme Court order

of April 1999, the Centre notified Bharat Stage-I (BIS 2000) and Bharat Stage-II

norms, broadly equivalent to Euro I and Euro II respectively. BS-II was for the NCR

and other metros; BS-I for the rest of India.

From April 2005, in line with the Auto Fuel Policy of 2003, BS-III and BS-II fuel

quality norms came into existence for 13 major cities, and for the rest of the

country respectively. Subsequently, BS-IV and BS-III fuel quality norms were

introduced from April 2010 in 13 major cities and the rest of India respectively.

As per the roadmap in the auto fuel policy, BSV and BS-VI norms were to be

implemented from April 1, 2022, and April 1, 2024, respectively. But in November

RELATED ARTICLE

Govt comes out with draft

norms for Euro VI emissionstandard

BS-VI norms to be

implemented from April 12020 to curb vehicularpollution

http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/simply-put-what-needs-to-be-done-to-upgrade-from-bs-iv/http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/simply-put-what-needs-to-be-done-to-upgrade-from-bs-iv/http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/simply-put-what-needs-to-be-done-to-upgrade-from-bs-iv/http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/simply-put-what-needs-to-be-done-to-upgrade-from-bs-iv/http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/simply-put-what-needs-to-be-done-to-upgrade-from-bs-iv/http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/simply-put-what-needs-to-be-done-to-upgrade-from-bs-iv/http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/simply-put-what-needs-to-be-done-to-upgrade-from-bs-iv/http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/simply-put-what-needs-to-be-done-to-upgrade-from-bs-iv/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/bs-vi-norms-to-be-implemented-from-april-1-2020-to-curb-vehicular-pollution/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/govt-comes-out-with-draft-norms-for-euro-vi-emission-standard/http://indianexpress.com/article/business/economy/petrol-diesel-prices-may-be-hiked-to-fund-fuel-upgrade/https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/simply-put-what-needs-to-be-done-to-upgrade-from-bs-iv/


4/21



2015, the Ministry of Road Transport issued a draft notification, advancing the

implementation of BSV norms for new four-wheel vehicle models to April 1, 2019,

and for existing models to April 1, 2020. The corresponding dates for BS-VI norms

were brought forward to April 1, 2021, and April 1, 2022, respectively.

But the government’s “unanimous decision to leap-frog to BS-VI directly from01/04/2020”, as Road Transport & Highways Minister Nitin Gadkari

(http://indianexpress.com/profile/politician/nitin-gadkari/) announced on Twitter on

Wednesday, skipped the BS-V stage all together.

The Challenges

The government could face two key challenges in implementing the decision. First,

there are questions about the ability of oil marketing companies to quickly upgradefuel quality from BS-III and BS-IV standards to BS-VI, which is likely to cost upwards

of Rs 40,000 crore. Second, and more challenging, is the task of getting auto firms to

make the leap. Automakers have clearly said that going to BS-VI directly would

leave them with not enough time to design changes in their vehicles, considering

that two critical components — diesel particulate filter and selective catalytic

reduction module — would have to be adapted to India’s peculiar conditions, where

http://indianexpress.com/profile/politician/nitin-gadkari/


5/21



running speeds are much lower than in Europe or the US.

These challenges are very real — note that the penetration of BS-IV motor spirit

(petrol) in the domestic market a full four years after its introduction in the metros,

was just about 24 per cent, and that of BS-IV high speed diesel only 16 per cent,

according to government data up to August 2014.

Also, the rollout model of introducing higher grade fuel and vehicles first in the

cities has fundamental drawbacks, as was evident in the BS-IV implementation. In

the periphery of designated BS-IV cities, BS-III vehicles could be registered; BS-IV

vehicles (especially heavy vehicles) were more expensive, and BS-III fuel was

cheaper than the BS-IV equivalent. And interstate trucks and buses, the biggest

polluters, were forced to stay on with BS-III engines simply because the fuel outside

cities did not conform to BS-IV norms.

Fuel Quality, Costs

The government has been unable to move completely to BS-IV because refiners

have been unable to produce the superior fuel in the required quantities. BS-IV

petrol and diesel essentially contains less sulphur, a major air pollutant. Sulphur

also lowers the efficiency of catalytic converters, which control emissions.

Broadly, BS-IV petrol and diesel have 50 parts per million (ppm) of sulphur, as

compared to 150 ppm for petrol and 350 ppm for diesel under BS-III standards. Oil

companies are learnt to have put in Rs 30,000 crore between 2005 and 2010 to

upgrade; the auto industry has made investments of a similar size. Oil firms will

have to invest another about Rs 40,000 crore to upgrade fuel quality to BS-VI;

additional investments by automakers to upgrade will inevitably raise the prices of

vehicles.

Industry Arguments

The auto industry argues that the huge improvements in vehicular technology since

2000 have had little impact in India due to Indian driving, road and ambient


6/21



conditions. The technology that will be used in future BS-VI vehicles, though, will

have considerable impact, they claim. BS-V diesel vehicles were to have engine

upgrades, particulate filters, lots of sensors, and electronic control. Petrols were to

have catalyst and electronic control upgrades. Industry estimates of required

investment to upgrade from BS-IV to BS-V are to the tune of Rs 50,000 crore.

Vehicles must be fitted with DPF (diesel particulate filter), a cylindrical objectmounted vertically inside the engine compartment. In India, where small cars are

preferred, fitting DPF in the limited bonnet space would involve major design and

re-engineering work. Bonnet length may have to be increased, which would make

vehicles longer than 4 metres, and attract more excise duty under existing norms.

Also, DPF would have to be optimised for Indian conditions. The technology

available in Europe can’t be used in plug-and-play mode, claim auto majors. Lowdriving speeds in India would make it difficult to achieve temperatures of 600

degrees Celsius required to burn the soot in DPF, and equipment manufacturers

would have to work with temperatures of 400 degrees in sight. Usually, diesel is

injected to increase temperatures, but the accumulation of excess fuel in the

compartment can cause a fire. The injection rate has to be optimised and vehicles

re-engineered for safety. The integrity of the vehicle too has to be considered. This

would require validation tests over 600,000-700,000 km — a process that may take

up to four years.

BS-VI vehicles also have to be equipped with an SCR (selective catalytic reduction)

module to reduce oxides of nitrogen, which is done by injecting an aqueous urea

solution (AUS 32, which contains ammonia) into the system when the exhaust is

moving. For this, a container needs to be put on board; also, an anti-defect

mechanism has to be devised, so that the vehicle goes into limp mode if AUS 32 isnot re-filled by the driver. Infrastructure needs to be set up across the country for

the supply of AUS 32. The optimisation and fitment of this technology too would

take an estimated 3-4 years.

At every stage, the technology is getting more complex. To attain the specified super

low emissions, all reactions have to be precise, and controlled by microprocessors.


7/21



If BS-V were to be skipped entirely, then both DPF and SCR would need to be fitted

together for testing, which, auto firms say, would make it extremely difficult to

detect which of the technologies is at fault in case of errors in the system. Ideally,

the technologies must be introduced in series, and then synergised. So, even if oil

companies manage to leap, auto firms claim they need 6-7 years to switch to BS-VI.

FROM AROUND THE WEB

135Like

Where the World'sBillionaires LiveMansion Global by Dow Jones

(http://www.mansionglobal.com/developments?mod=mansiongl_AdGroup24_Outbrain_July24)

Here’s how health insurancecan benefit you and help in

Standard Chartered Bank(https://www.sc.com/in/campaign/insure/savetaxcontentmkt

Learn how to save taxsmartly with these two

Standard Chartered Bank(https://www.sc.com/in/camp

See the Best Luxury RealEstate in the World [Photos]

Mansion Global by Dow Jones(http://www.mansionglobal.com/developments?mod=mansiongl_AdGroup33_Outbrain_July24)

Top 5 small cars in Indiaunder INR 5 lakh

News(http://www.oncars.in/car-news/top-5-small-cars-in-india-under-inr-5-lakh/7737?utm_source=Outbrain&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=

The Best New ConstructionListings in New York, Hawaii,

Mansion Global by Dow Jones(http://www.mansionglobal.cmod=mansiongl_AdGroup25

18 6

http://www.mansionglobal.com/developments?mod=mansiongl_AdGroup25_Outbrain_July24http://www.oncars.in/car-news/top-5-small-cars-in-india-under-inr-5-lakh/7737?utm_source=Outbrain&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=SmallCarshttp://www.mansionglobal.com/developments?mod=mansiongl_AdGroup33_Outbrain_July24


8/21



TAGS: BS VI Norms (/Tag/Bs-Vi-Norms)

Recommended by (http://www.outbrain.com/what-is/default/en)

YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE

Recommended by (http://www.outbrain.com/what-is/default/en)

WHAT IS YOUR REACTION?

POWERED BY

22

65%

0

0%

5

15%

4

12%

3

9%

Give a rating: Average: 5.0 stars from 1 ratings

How David Guetta is TeamingWith UEFA – And You – For

David Guetta - Featuring You(https://thisonesforyou.com/?utm_source=Outbrain&utm_medium=Banner&utm_content=India_OB_Ad&utm_name=Gu

Uncommon places you musttravel to this year LiveInStyle.com

(http://www.liveinstyle.com/travel/uncommon-places-you-must-travel-year?utm_source=PaidOutbrain&utm_medium=PaidOutbrain&ut

These Pictures Of PoliceCommissioner Bassi Prove

Front Page(http://www.huffingtonpost.inpolice-commissioner_n_9250154.hutm_source=outbrainLifestyl

5 kisses and counting...

Kareena Kapoor Khan and

Arjun Kapoor steam up Ki &

Bollywood Life

(http://www.bollywoodlife.com/news-gossip/5-kisses-and-counting-kareena-kapoor-khan-and-arjun-kapoor-steam-up-ki-ka-trailer/)

This Tamil Magazine Believes

Women Who Wear Leggings

Deserve To Be ShamedHuffington Post India

(http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2015/09/24/kumudam-leggings_n_8187132.html?ncid=inblnkinhpmg00000004&utm_medium=cpc&utm_sour

Want to See How Celebrities

Really Live? See Inside

These Homes That Are

Mansion Global by Dow Jones

(http://www.mansionglobal.cmod=mansiongl_homepage

http://www.mansionglobal.com/?mod=mansiongl_homepage_outbrain_Oct1http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2015/09/24/kumudam-leggings_n_8187132.html?ncid=inblnkinhpmg00000004&utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=outbrain&utm_campaign=huffpost_traffichttp://www.bollywoodlife.com/news-gossip/5-kisses-and-counting-kareena-kapoor-khan-and-arjun-kapoor-steam-up-ki-ka-trailer/http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2016/02/17/delhi-police-commissioner_n_9250154.html?utm_source=outbrainLifestyle&entertainment&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=huffpo_Lifestylehttp://www.liveinstyle.com/travel/uncommon-places-you-must-travel-year?utm_source=PaidOutbrain&utm_medium=PaidOutbrain&utm_term=8161&utm_campaign=PaidOutbrainhttps://thisonesforyou.com/?utm_source=Outbrain&utm_medium=Banner&utm_content=India_OB_Ad&utm_name=Guettahttp://vuukle.com/http://www.outbrain.com/what-is/default/enhttp://www.outbrain.com/what-is/default/enhttp://indianexpress.com/tag/bs-vi-norms


9/21



commen s

I Agree To T&C

MEWhat is your opinion?

Name Email st

Satya

This is much ado about nothing really. Consider this: sedans in US sell at less than what it

costs to buy a sedan in India. Hatchbacks are cheaper in India, but do not have safety

features that the western counterparts of the same make have. The same cars are made

in India and exported to Europe (VW, Hyundai etc). When the size of these cars is the

same, why should cars sold in India be any longer? Excise duty, mentioned in the articlecan be dealt by the govt. So, carmakers must stop defending the indefensible and stop

treating India and Indians like a dump ground. Think about this: why should cars made

for India at lower quality cost more than cars made for Europe/ other markets which cost

less? Besides Indian labour is cheaper...so give us Euro VI cars too. This is one of NDA

govts bold decisions. Hopefully, they will stand by it and usher in these norms together

for the whole of India than the earlier piecemeal solutions.

2 months ago (0) · (0) reply (0)

S

Sunil

Please... Diesel cars that conform to these standards are being sold in the US and in

Europe. It is not a question of technology, like this article makes it seem. It's a question of

whether it will be a샂ordable to do so. Why not just say it out loud? We cannot a샂ord to

make cheap cars if we have to do these things. Stop treating us (the readers) like they are

fools. Ie is gradually selling out to the various lobbies in industry and politics.... Sad.


S

Mamdar

Very good explained article


M

Talk of the Town

BJP is ‘most anti-national of all’,

tweets Arvind Kejriwal

133

JNU row: Deans wait for evidence

102

https://vuukle.com/redirect.aspx?host=indianexpress.com&uri=indianexpress.com%2farticle%2findia%2fpolitics%2fbjp-anti-national-alleges-kejriwal-jnu-politics-delhi-police%2fhttps://vuukle.com/redirect.aspx?host=indianexpress.com&uri=indianexpress.com%2farticle%2findia%2findia-news-india%2fjnu-row-deans-wait-for-evidence-as-probe-panel-recommends-rustication-of-kanhaiya-others%2f#vuukle_divhttps://vuukle.com/redirect.aspx?host=indianexpress.com&uri=indianexpress.com%2farticle%2findia%2findia-news-india%2fjnu-row-deans-wait-for-evidence-as-probe-panel-recommends-rustication-of-kanhaiya-others%2fhttps://vuukle.com/redirect.aspx?host=indianexpress.com&uri=indianexpress.com%2farticle%2findia%2fpolitics%2fbjp-anti-national-alleges-kejriwal-jnu-politics-delhi-police%2f#vuukle_divhttps://vuukle.com/redirect.aspx?host=indianexpress.com&uri=indianexpress.com%2farticle%2findia%2fpolitics%2fbjp-anti-national-alleges-kejriwal-jnu-politics-delhi-police%2f


10/21



#Discover

a䃆er show cause notice to Kanhaiya,

others

PIL against Owaisi for refusing to say

‘Bharat Mata ki Jai’

92

Javed Akhtar slams Owaisi, chants

‘Bharat Mata ki jai’ in Rajya Sabha

73

Mother Teresa to be made saint on

Sept 4, says Pope Francis

64

Kerala: Youth Congress worker

hacked to death

55

CURRENT RESULTS FIXTURES

PAK 175/4 (17.5 OV)

BAN SCORECARD

http://www.goapropertiez.com/?utm_campaign=Goa%20Property&utm_source=indianexpress.com&utm_content=banner300https://vuukle.com/redirect.aspx?host=indianexpress.com&uri=indianexpress.com%2farticle%2findia%2findia-news-india%2fkerala-youth-congress-worker-hacked-to-death%2f#vuukle_divhttps://vuukle.com/redirect.aspx?host=indianexpress.com&uri=indianexpress.com%2farticle%2findia%2findia-news-india%2fkerala-youth-congress-worker-hacked-to-death%2fhttps://vuukle.com/redirect.aspx?host=indianexpress.com&uri=indianexpress.com%2farticle%2findia%2findia-news-india%2fmother-teresa-sainthood-pope-francis-catholic-church%2f#vuukle_divhttps://vuukle.com/redirect.aspx?host=indianexpress.com&uri=indianexpress.com%2farticle%2findia%2findia-news-india%2fmother-teresa-sainthood-pope-francis-catholic-church%2fhttps://vuukle.com/redirect.aspx?host=indianexpress.com&uri=indianexpress.com%2farticle%2findia%2findia-news-india%2fjaved-akhtar-miffed-by-owaisis-remarks-says-polarisation-wont-take-country-forward%2f#vuukle_divhttps://vuukle.com/redirect.aspx?host=indianexpress.com&uri=indianexpress.com%2farticle%2findia%2findia-news-india%2fjaved-akhtar-miffed-by-owaisis-remarks-says-polarisation-wont-take-country-forward%2fhttps://vuukle.com/redirect.aspx?host=indianexpress.com&uri=indianexpress.com%2farticle%2findia%2findia-news-india%2fpil-against-owaisi-for-refusing-to-say-bharat-mata-ki-jai%2f#vuukle_divhttps://vuukle.com/redirect.aspx?host=indianexpress.com&uri=indianexpress.com%2farticle%2findia%2findia-news-india%2fpil-against-owaisi-for-refusing-to-say-bharat-mata-ki-jai%2fhttps://vuukle.com/redirect.aspx?host=indianexpress.com&uri=indianexpress.com%2farticle%2findia%2findia-news-india%2fjnu-row-deans-wait-for-evidence-as-probe-panel-recommends-rustication-of-kanhaiya-others%2fhttp://vuukle.com/pub/#/indianexpress.com/http://vuukle.com/pub/#/indianexpress.com/


11/21



₹ 1,149

Intex Neo-Vi(Black and Red)

₹ 2,329

Mitashi BS 45 U Laptop/Desktop

Speaker

₹ 2,150

Skyline VI 9444 Buffet Servers :

94444

₹ 4,990

Mitashi BS 110 FU Home Audio

Speaker

₹ 7,999

Xiaomi Redmi Note Prime (White, 16

GB) : Redmi N...

Powered by BuyT.in (http://buyt.in)

(http://indianexpress.com/photo-news/india/indian-express-power-list-2016-narendra-modi-amit-shah-sania-

mirza-salman-khan-sri-sri-ravi-shankar/)

AVAILABLE IN STORES

(http://redir1.buyt.in/?pid=8126849&seller=flipkart&pubid=ie&wid=RR&sid=default&ctry=&ab=&device=desktop)


(http://redir1.buyt.in/?pid=132624725&seller=amazon&pubid=ie&wid=RR&sid=default&ctry=&ab=&device=desktop)


(http://redir1.buyt.in/?pid=203686916&seller=amazon&pubid=ie&wid=RR&sid=default&ctry=&ab=&device=desktop)

PHOTOS

http://indianexpress.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/abhay-deol-wraps-up-happy-bhaag-jayegi-celebrates-birthday-with-diana-penty/http://indianexpress.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/abhay-deol-wraps-up-happy-bhaag-jayegi-celebrates-birthday-with-diana-penty/http://redir1.buyt.in/?pid=203686916&seller=amazon&pubid=ie&wid=RR&sid=default&ctry=&ab=&device=desktophttp://redir1.buyt.in/?pid=13005522&seller=flipkart&pubid=ie&wid=RR&sid=default&ctry=&ab=&device=desktophttp://redir1.buyt.in/?pid=132624725&seller=amazon&pubid=ie&wid=RR&sid=default&ctry=&ab=&device=desktophttp://redir1.buyt.in/?pid=12998446&seller=flipkart&pubid=ie&wid=RR&sid=default&ctry=&ab=&device=desktophttp://redir1.buyt.in/?pid=8126849&seller=flipkart&pubid=ie&wid=RR&sid=default&ctry=&ab=&device=desktophttp://indianexpress.com/photo-news/india/indian-express-power-list-2016-narendra-modi-amit-shah-sania-mirza-salman-khan-sri-sri-ravi-shankar/http://buyt.in/


12/21



BEST OF EXPRESS

(http://indianexpress.com/photos/entertainment-

gallery/hrithik-roshan-

anil-kapoor-sonakshi-

sinha-iifa-2016-spain-

photos/) Hrithik,Sonakshi, Anil in Spain,

meet Real Madrid

footballers

(http://indianexpress.com/photos/entertainment-

gallery/hrithik-roshan-

anil-kapoor-sonakshi-

sinha-iifa-2016-spain-

photos/)

(http://indianexpress.com

gallery/shilpa-shinde-

angoor-bhabhi-bhabhi-ji-

ghar-par-hai-quits-show-

heres-more-about-

shilpa/) Angoori Bhabhiof Bhabhi Ji Ghar Par Hai

quits the show, here's

more about Shilpa

Shinde

(http://indianexpress.com

gallery/shilpa-shinde-

angoor-bhabhi-bhabhi-ji-

ghar-par-hai-quits-show-

heres-more-about-

shilpa/)

(http://indianexpress.com/photos/entertaigallery/abhay-deol-wraps-up-happy-bhaag-jayegi-celebrates-birthday-with-diana-penty/)

(http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/tmc-bribery-sting-ruckus-in-rajya-sabha-cpi-m-demands-probe/)India (http://indianexpress.com/india/)

TMC bribery sting: CPI-M questions Mamata'ssilence, ruckus in Parliament(http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/tmc-bribery-sting-ruckus-in-rajya-

sabha-cpi-m-demands-probe/)

(http://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-news/pakistan-bus-blast-peshawar-dead-latest-updates/)World (http://indianexpress.com/world/)

http://indianexpress.com/world/http://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-news/pakistan-bus-blast-peshawar-dead-latest-updates/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/tmc-bribery-sting-ruckus-in-rajya-sabha-cpi-m-demands-probe/http://indianexpress.com/india/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/tmc-bribery-sting-ruckus-in-rajya-sabha-cpi-m-demands-probe/http://indianexpress.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/abhay-deol-wraps-up-happy-bhaag-jayegi-celebrates-birthday-with-diana-penty/http://indianexpress.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/abhay-deol-wraps-up-happy-bhaag-jayegi-celebrates-birthday-with-diana-penty/http://indianexpress.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/shilpa-shinde-angoor-bhabhi-bhabhi-ji-ghar-par-hai-quits-show-heres-more-about-shilpa/http://indianexpress.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/shilpa-shinde-angoor-bhabhi-bhabhi-ji-ghar-par-hai-quits-show-heres-more-about-shilpa/http://indianexpress.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/hrithik-roshan-anil-kapoor-sonakshi-sinha-iifa-2016-spain-photos/http://indianexpress.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/hrithik-roshan-anil-kapoor-sonakshi-sinha-iifa-2016-spain-photos/


13/21



Powerful bomb rips through bus in Peshawar inPakistan, 16 killed(http://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-news/pakistan-bus-blast-peshawar-dead-latest-updates/)

(http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/kolkata-two-jamatul-mujahidin-bangladesh-members-arrested/)India (http://indianexpress.com/india/)

Kolkata: Two Jamat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladeshmembers arrested(http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/kolkata-two-jamatul-mujahidin-

bangladesh-members-arrested/)

(http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/telugu-tv-anchor-nirosha-found-dead-at-hyderabad-hostel/)India (http://indianexpress.com/india/)

Telugu TV anchor Nirosha found dead atHyderabad hostel(http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/telugu-tv-anchor-nirosha-found-dead-at-hyderabad-hostel/)

(http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/rajasthan-four-kashmiri-students-arrested-for-allegedly-cooking-beef-in-hostel-room/)India (http://indianexpress.com/india/)

Rajasthan: Four Kashmiri students arrested forallegedly cooking beef in hostel room(http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/rajasthan-four-kashmiri-students-arrested-for-allegedly-cooking-beef-in-hostel-room/)

http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/rajasthan-four-kashmiri-students-arrested-for-allegedly-cooking-beef-in-hostel-room/http://indianexpress.com/india/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/rajasthan-four-kashmiri-students-arrested-for-allegedly-cooking-beef-in-hostel-room/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/telugu-tv-anchor-nirosha-found-dead-at-hyderabad-hostel/http://indianexpress.com/india/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/telugu-tv-anchor-nirosha-found-dead-at-hyderabad-hostel/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/kolkata-two-jamatul-mujahidin-bangladesh-members-arrested/http://indianexpress.com/india/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/kolkata-two-jamatul-mujahidin-bangladesh-members-arrested/http://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-news/pakistan-bus-blast-peshawar-dead-latest-updates/


14/21



(http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainmentkhan-anushka-sharma-take-on-a-big-㿝ght-on-sultan-sets/)Entertainment (http://indianexpress.com/entertainment/)

Salman Khan, Anushka Sharma take on a big㿝ght on Sultan sets(http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainmentkhan-anushka-sharma-take-on-a-big-㿝ght-on-sultan-sets/)

(http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainmentshinde-angoori-bhabhi-quits-bhabhiji-ghar-par-hai-makers-send-legal-notice/)Entertainment (http://indianexpress.com/entertainment/)

Shilpa Shinde aka Angoori bhabhi quitsBhabhiji.., makers send legal notice(http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainmentshinde-angoori-bhabhi-quits-bhabhiji-ghar-par-hai-makers-send-legal-notice/)

(http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainmentshah-㿝lm-the-blueberry-hunt-cast-news-anup-kurian/)Entertainment (http://indianexpress.com/entertainment/)

Naseeruddin Shah will surprise everyone in'Blueberry Hunt': Anup Kurian(http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainmentshah-㿝lm-the-blueberry-hunt-cast-news-anup-kurian/)

(http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment

http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/rajinikanth-akshay-kumar-to-shoot-action-sequence-for-robot-2-0-in-new-delhi/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/naseeruddin-shah-film-the-blueberry-hunt-cast-news-anup-kurian/http://indianexpress.com/entertainment/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/naseeruddin-shah-film-the-blueberry-hunt-cast-news-anup-kurian/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/shilpa-shinde-angoori-bhabhi-quits-bhabhiji-ghar-par-hai-makers-send-legal-notice/http://indianexpress.com/entertainment/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/shilpa-shinde-angoori-bhabhi-quits-bhabhiji-ghar-par-hai-makers-send-legal-notice/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/salman-khan-anushka-sharma-take-on-a-big-fight-on-sultan-sets/http://indianexpress.com/entertainment/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/salman-khan-anushka-sharma-take-on-a-big-fight-on-sultan-sets/


15/21



akshay-kumar-to-shoot-action-sequence-for-robot-2-0-in-new-delhi/)Entertainment (http://indianexpress.com/entertainment/)

Rajinikanth, Akshay Kumar to shoot actionsequence for 2.0 at Delhi's Jawaharlal NehruStadium(http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainmentakshay-kumar-to-shoot-action-sequence-for-

robot-2-0-in-new-delhi/)

(http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricketcricket-score-pakistan-pak-vs-bangladesh-ban-icc-world-t20-2016-live-streaming-video-eden-gardens-kolkata/)

Sports (http://indianexpress.com/sports/)Live Cricket Score, Pakistan vs Bangladesh(http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricketcricket-score-pakistan-pak-vs-bangladesh-ban-icc-world-t20-2016-live-streaming-video-eden-gardens-kolkata/)

(http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricketworld-t20-no-favourites-in-world-twenty20-says-waqar-younis/)Sports (http://indianexpress.com/sports/)

Pakistan vs Bangladesh: Twain shall meet atEden(http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricketworld-t20-no-favourites-in-world-twenty20-says-waqar-younis/)

(http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricketworld-t20-it-was-selectors-decision-to-play-three-spinners-says-mitchell-santner/)Sports (http://indianexpress.com/sports/)

Selectors decision to play three spinners:

http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/icc-world-t20-it-was-selectors-decision-to-play-three-spinners-says-mitchell-santner/http://indianexpress.com/sports/http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/icc-world-t20-it-was-selectors-decision-to-play-three-spinners-says-mitchell-santner/http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/icc-world-t20-no-favourites-in-world-twenty20-says-waqar-younis/http://indianexpress.com/sports/http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/icc-world-t20-no-favourites-in-world-twenty20-says-waqar-younis/http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/live-cricket-score-pakistan-pak-vs-bangladesh-ban-icc-world-t20-2016-live-streaming-video-eden-gardens-kolkata/http://indianexpress.com/sports/http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/live-cricket-score-pakistan-pak-vs-bangladesh-ban-icc-world-t20-2016-live-streaming-video-eden-gardens-kolkata/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/rajinikanth-akshay-kumar-to-shoot-action-sequence-for-robot-2-0-in-new-delhi/http://indianexpress.com/entertainment/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/rajinikanth-akshay-kumar-to-shoot-action-sequence-for-robot-2-0-in-new-delhi/


16/21



Santner(http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricketworld-t20-it-was-selectors-decision-to-play-three-spinners-says-mitchell-santner/)

(http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/tereviews/infocus-bingo-50-review-price-specs-features/)Technology (http://indianexpress.com/technology/)

InFocus Bingo 50 #ExpressReview: Goodenough for its Rs 7,499 price(http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/tereviews/infocus-bingo-50-review-price-specs-features/)

(http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/tereviews/samsung-galaxy-s7-edge-review-daily-live-blog-specs-price/)Technology (http://indianexpress.com/technology/)

Samsung Galaxy S7 edge review blog: This

camera can really click(http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/tereviews/samsung-galaxy-s7-edge-review-daily-live-blog-specs-price/)

(http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/ga

playstation-vr-headset-price-specs-sale-october/)Technology (http://indianexpress.com/technology/)

Sony PlayStation VR headset launched at $399,will go on sale in October(http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/gaplaystation-vr-headset-price-specs-sale-october/)

http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/gadgets/sony-playstation-vr-headset-price-specs-sale-october/http://indianexpress.com/technology/http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/gadgets/sony-playstation-vr-headset-price-specs-sale-october/http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/tech-reviews/samsung-galaxy-s7-edge-review-daily-live-blog-specs-price/http://indianexpress.com/technology/http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/tech-reviews/samsung-galaxy-s7-edge-review-daily-live-blog-specs-price/http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/tech-reviews/infocus-bingo-50-review-price-specs-features/http://indianexpress.com/technology/http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/tech-reviews/infocus-bingo-50-review-price-specs-features/http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/icc-world-t20-it-was-selectors-decision-to-play-three-spinners-says-mitchell-santner/


17/21


18/21



MAR 16: LATEST NEWS (/LATEST-NEWS/)

(http://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-news/pakistan-supreme-court-lifts-travel-ban-on-pervez-musharraf/)Pakistan Supreme Courtlifts travel ban on Pervez Musharraf(http://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-news/pakistan-supreme-court-lifts-travel-ban-on-pervez-musharraf/)

04:22 pm, Mar 16, 2016

http://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-news/pakistan-supreme-court-lifts-travel-ban-on-pervez-musharraf/http://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-news/pakistan-supreme-court-lifts-travel-ban-on-pervez-musharraf/http://indianexpress.com/latest-news/https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/aclk?sa=l&ai=C01xugj3pVpHvCpWrvASB84eIDcbN_-AI_tSX8JgCyIa0tAEQASCCndYMYOXK5YO0DqABisSjzQPIAQKpAqgmpyiO6k8-4AIAqAMByAOZBKoE5QFP0PBoi236lnZN8k9FHB_UlNyuDJakT7cU69LKpqUALPWK1kIatdp8p-vO2TdEEhJM1mftsl4zr9dyDGVoVIIln1ebbc-ufJcssiA9MleRZot5LYGm0j4V_e8leUMkecAXjlipL6LEI0jaRBZdOv93R9xt4eAqyHK5APZPB_AjblZhPo8Gekbj5NR4snyWSzqAqtb0uQMQ-f01fvDHktBH8m0GKItrp3SADaGQyZBXxTu-n6Q1f3SaIrdeVxw4xn3klaq6g3MaN52vY7HlXd1OqGXgTeY-FP7n62jaz6uUNU3CRJjU4AQBoAYCgAfeu9wyqAemvhvYBwE&num=1&sig=AOD64_2JlfyP9u515Z-PrAa20mQhwuOjew&client=ca-pub-9517772455344405&adurl=http://m-icicibank.com/credit-card-desktop/index.html%3Fcl%3Da2%26cp%3Dicicibanka2CC-gdn-desktop-placement-news%26se%3Da2-desktop-gdn-icicibanka2CC-gdn-desktop-placement-news-platinumcard-300x600


19/21



(http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/tmc-bribery-sting-mamata-banerjee-opposition-parties-section-of-media/)TMCbribery sting: In the backdrop of sting video,Mamata slams Oppn, ‘section of media’(http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/tmc-bribery-sting-mamata-banerjee-opposition-parties-section-of-media/)

04:23 pm, Mar 16, 2016

(http://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-news/bhutan-celebrates-royal-baby-by-planting-108000-trees/)Bhutan celebrates royal baby byplanting 108,000 trees(http://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-news/bhutan-celebrates-royal-baby-by-planting-108000-trees/)

04:19 pm, Mar 16, 2016

(http://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-news/nigeria-suicide-bombing-mosque/)Suicidebombers kill 22 at Nigerian mosque(http://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-news/nigeria-suicide-bombing-mosque/)

04:13 pm, Mar 16, 2016

(http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainmentexponent-ustad-ali-ahmad-hussain-khan-passes-away/)Shehnai exponent Ustad AliAhmad Hussain Khan passes away(http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment

http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/music/shehnai-exponent-ustad-ali-ahmad-hussain-khan-passes-away/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/music/shehnai-exponent-ustad-ali-ahmad-hussain-khan-passes-away/http://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-news/nigeria-suicide-bombing-mosque/http://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-news/nigeria-suicide-bombing-mosque/http://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-news/bhutan-celebrates-royal-baby-by-planting-108000-trees/http://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-news/bhutan-celebrates-royal-baby-by-planting-108000-trees/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/tmc-bribery-sting-mamata-banerjee-opposition-parties-section-of-media/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/tmc-bribery-sting-mamata-banerjee-opposition-parties-section-of-media/


20/21



News Feed

exponent-ustad-ali-ahmad-hussain-khan-passes-away/)

04:09 pm, Mar 16, 2016

The Indian Express

@IndianExpress

By commenting on the cap worn by Owaisisahab, Javed Akhtar sahab has insultedMuslims of not only India but world-WarisPathan,AIMIM

1 h

+

The Indian Express

On #February 27, #Minister of #State for #Railways Manoj Sinha told the Rajya Sabhathat while the Railways washes the other #linen it provides...

1 h

http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/music/shehnai-exponent-ustad-ali-ahmad-hussain-khan-passes-away/https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/aclk?sa=l&ai=CBsf7gz3pVqewDIWpvATjjIWYC66mz-oI9prEy_oCv-EeEAEgwKWrI2DlyuWDtA6gAYrtj9cDyAECqQJ-xErOwuFPPuACAKgDAcgDmQSqBOIBT9BTBWgI79E1y23Ghg1x1ZVeEcTi11iFw8eKmNA_ShkjUVYQrEOlqnxUn37P5k-8bfzKiiRFmKmfgLHXIHHVFJqP0xs0k1vcDL8NmwD4n38rJImuqh5y1W9NC33q3s92w3quixdIsXPsp3Aahh-8Ygvc-Xz6n8DUpEKShz-ORFWvTWD3DOV9QdZUpIELJu42eDYiQzpiE5hrrLYLIKZQi-oAr4b0AUJBfnbq09f0BxW8yhAXfEJo0AhJ4FBN01v43esYS7Bwx60lgeGklLGP4evoQ-CXdY8ETVyA-T1art86mOAEAaAGAoAH3pLwKKgHpr4b2AcB2BMI&num=1&sig=AOD64_33lb9A-sl_ugrZvIIKlG5iaPTklQ&client=ca-pub-5227748429508049&adurl=http://www.limeroad.com/clothing/westernwear/dresses%3FmarKeting%3Dtrue%26utm_source%3Dgoogle_paid%26utm_medium%3Dcpc_paid%26utm_campaign%3Ddisplay_affinity_topic_open_3mar_web%26classification%255B%255D%3D.0.1116.1235.1238%26price%255B%255D%3D0%2BTO%2B599%26sort%255B%255D%3DscCount%252Bdesc%26stock%255B%255D%3D1


21/21


Crowdynews

(http://info.crowdynews.com/crowdynews-

social-media-

curation-widget-

contact-us?

utm_source=cn-

widget-

logo&utm_medium=cn-

re ular&utm cam ai n=cn wid et

(https://www.facebook.com/indianexpress)

(https://twitter.com/indianexpress)

(https://plus.google.com/+indianexpress?

(http://www.youtube.com/IndianExpress)

(http://indianexpress.tumblr.com/)

(https://www.pinterest.com/IndianExpress/)

The Express Group (http://www.expressindia.com/news/expressgroup/) The Indian Express (http://www.indianexpress.com/)

The Financial Express (http://www.financialexpress.com/) Loksatta (http://www.loksatta.com/) Jansatta (http://www.jansatta.com/)

Ramnath Goenka Awards (http://www.expressindia.com/ramnath-goenka-foundation/)

Business Publication Division (http://expressbusiness publications.com/) Express Pharma (http://pharma.financialexpress .com/)

Express Healthcare (http://healthcare.financialexpress .com/) Food & Hospitality World (http://hospitality.financialexpress .com/)

Express Travelworld (http://travel.financialexpress.c om/) Express Computer (http://computer.financialexpress.com/)

Privacy Policy (/privacy-policy/) Advertise with Us (http://expressgroup.indianexpress.com/advertise.html) Contact Us (/contact-us/)

Subscribe (http://subscribe.indianexpress.com/)

Copyright © 2016 The Indian Express [P] Ltd. All Rights Reserved

(https://vip.wordpress.com/)
https://vip.wordpress.com/http://subscribe.indianexpress.com/http://indianexpress.com/contact-us/http://expressgroup.indianexpress.com/advertise.htmlhttp://indianexpress.com/privacy-policy/http://computer.financialexpress.com/http://travel.financialexpress.com/http://hospitality.financialexpress.com/http://healthcare.financialexpress.com/http://pharma.financialexpress.com/http://expressbusinesspublications.com/http://www.expressindia.com/ramnath-goenka-foundation/http://www.jansatta.com/http://www.loksatta.com/http://www.financialexpress.com/http://www.indianexpress.com/http://www.expressindia.com/news/expressgroup/https://www.pinterest.com/IndianExpress/http://indianexpress.tumblr.com/http://www.youtube.com/IndianExpresshttps://plus.google.com/+indianexpress?rel=authorhttps://twitter.com/indianexpresshttps://www.facebook.com/indianexpresshttp://info.crowdynews.com/crowdynews-social-media-curation-widget-contact-us?utm_source=cn-widget-logo&utm_medium=cn-regular&utm_campaign=cn_widget

Simply Put_ What Needs to Be Done to Upgrade From BS-IV _ the Indian Express

Documents

Transcript of Simply Put_ What Needs to Be Done to Upgrade From BS-IV _ the Indian Express