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Simplified Type 4 wind turbine modeling for future ancillary services
Hansen, Anca Daniela; Margaris, Ioannis; Tamowski, German C.; Iov, Florin
Publication date:2013
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Citation (APA):Hansen, A. D., Margaris, I., Tamowski, G. C., & Iov, F. (2013). Simplified Type 4 wind turbine modeling for futureancillary services. Poster session presented at European Wind Energy Conference & Exhibition 2013, Vienna,Austria.
Need for simple generic wind turbine models: account for dynamic features of interest to primary frequency control studies have great relevance for integrating new frequency control functionalities corresponding to new possible ancillary services for future wind turbines:
Inertial response Synchronizing power Power system damping
This paper presents a simplified generic model for a variable speed wind turbine with full scale power converter, able to reflect wind turbines dynamic features relevant for frequency control capability studies. The proposed model follows the basic structure of the Type 4 standard wind turbine model proposed by the IEC Committee in IEC 61400-27-1. Furthermore, it includes several adjustments and extensions of the standard model, in order to represent the capability of wind turbines to provide active power services during events in the power system that affect frequency. The general configuration of the simplified Type 4 wind turbine model able to account for dynamic frequency control features is described, while its performance is assessed and discussed by means of simulations.
Abstract
Simulation results
Objectives
Adjusted Type4B wind turbine configuration
EWEA 2013, Vienna, Austria: Europe’s Premier Wind Energy Event
900.0720.0540.0360.0180.00.000 [s]
1.013
1.008
1.003
0.998
0.993
0.988
2mass mechanical Model: omega_rot_pu2mass mechanical Model: omega_gen_pu
900.0720.0540.0360.0180.00.000 [s]
17.00
14.40
11.80
9.200
6.600
4.000
Blade angle control Model: pitch
900.0720.0540.0360.0180.00.000 [s]
1.25
1.00
0.75
0.50
0.25
0.00
Cub_2\PQ Meas. MV2_PoC: Active Power in p.u.Selection Model: yPref_wtbase
900.0720.0540.0360.0180.00.000 [s]
1.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
2mass mechanical Model: Shaft Torque [pu]
DIg
SILE
NT
4 3 2 . 04 2 6 . 84 2 1 . 61 6 . 5 i c a l M o d e l : o m e g a _ r o t_ p u i c a l M o d e l : o m e g a _ g e n _ p u
4 3 2 . 04 2 6 . 84 2 1 . 61 6 . 5 n t r o l M o d e l : p i t c h
4 3 2 . 04 2 6 . 84 2 1 . 61 6 . 5 a s . M V 2 _ P o C : A c t iv e P o w e r in p .u .
l : y P r e f _ w tb a s e
4 3 2 . 04 2 6 . 84 2 1 . 61 6 . 5 i c a l M o d e l : S h a f t T o r q u e [p u ]
Zooms
4 9 4 . 14 8 5 . 64 7 7 . 1 M o d e l : o m e g a _ r o t _ p u M o d e l : o m e g a _ g e n _ p u
4 9 4 . 14 8 5 . 64 7 7 . 1 M o d e l : p i t c h
4 9 4 . 14 8 5 . 64 7 7 . 1 M V 2 _ P o C : A c t i v e P o w e r i n p . u .
P r e f _ w t b a s e
4 9 4 . 14 8 5 . 64 7 7 . 1 M o d e l : S h a f t T o r q u e [ p u ]
Pitch angle [deg]
Omega_rot [pu]Omega_gen[pu]
Shaft Torque [pu]
Active Power in PoC [pu]Active power setpoint in PoC [pu]
17.00
11.80
6.60
1.013
1.000
0.988
1.00
0.50
0.00
1.25
0.50
0.00
900
900720
720
720
720
900
900
360
360
360
360
0
0
0
0
Pitch angle [deg] Pitch angle [deg] 494480
494480
494480
494480
432426
432426
432426
432426
Omega_rot [pu]Omega_gen[pu]
Omega_rot [pu]Omega_gen[pu]
480
Shaft Torque [pu] ShaftTorque [pu] 480
Active Power in PoC [pu]Active power setpoint in PoC [pu]
Active Power in PoC [pu]Active power setpoint in PoC [pu]
IEC standard wind turbines models (IEC 61400-27-1): suitable for fundamental frequency positive sequence response simulations during short term events not intended for studies with wind speed variability not intended for studies of wind turbines’ capability to provide ancillary services like inertia control, where information on the available power is primordial
Pitchcontroller
(filter, PI,gain scheduling,)
Aerodynamic Mechanicalmodel
Staticgenerator
Wind speed
Availablepower
ωrot
P, Qmeas.
P control
Q control
Pmeas
Pref
Qref
Qmeas
ɵ
Pavail
iP_cmd
iQ_cmd
ωrot_filt
v
v
v
Filter(3p)
ωgen_filt
MPPTtabel
Selectionmode
Popt
Pset
Overproduction
Pmeas
Pmeas
Paero
Wind farm controller
Wind farmcontroller
LVRT
PO.ID 308
Model configuration: follows the basic structure of the IEC standard Type 4B wind turbine model includes additional adjustments and features in order to represent the power support capability of modern wind turbines, similar to conventional power plants. includes sufficiently detailed representation of the turbine’s relevant components and control algorithms, allowing implementation of new control functionalities
Model’s target: to reflect correctly the dynamic behavior of wind power output caused by i.e.:
wind speed fluctuations changes in active power setpoints of wind turbines
Wind turbine’s response during temporary overproduction steps in active power setpoint 13m/s wind speed
90.0073.0056.0039.0022.005.000 [s]
0.9575
0.9550
0.9525
0.9500
0.9475
0.9450
2mass mechanical Model: omega_rot_pu2mass mechanical Model: omega_gen_pu
90.0073.0056.0039.0022.005.000 [s]
0.30
0.20
0.10
0.00
-0.10
-0.20
Blade angle control Model: pitch
90.0073.0056.0039.0022.005.000 [s]
0.46
0.44
0.42
0.40
0.38
0.36
Cub_2\PQ Meas. MV2_PoC: Active Power in p.u.Selection Model: yPref_wtbase
90.0073.0056.0039.0022.005.000 [s]
0.50
0.47
0.44
0.41
0.38
0.35
2mass mechanical Model: Shaft Torque
5% overproduction
300.0241.0182.0123.064.005.000 [s]
1.03
1.01
0.99
0.97
0.95
0.93
2mass mechanical Model: omega_rot_pu2mass mechanical Model: omega_gen_pu
300.0241.0182.0123.064.005.000 [s]
1.60
1.20
0.80
0.40
0.00
-0.40
Blade angle control Model: pitch
300.0241.0182.0123.064.005.000 [s]
0.46
0.44
0.42
0.40
0.38
0.36
Cub_2\PQ Meas. MV2_PoC: Active Power in p.u.Selection Model: yPref_wtbase
300.0241.0182.0123.064.005.000 [s]
0.59
0.54
0.49
0.44
0.39
0.34
2mass mechanical Model: Shaft Torque
DIg
SILE
NT
Longer simulation time
Pitch angle [deg]
Omega_rot [pu]Omega_gen[pu]
ShaftTorque [pu]
Active Power in PoC [pu]Active power setpoint in PoC [pu]
10% overproduction20% overproduction
Pitch angle [deg]
Omega_rot [pu]Omega_gen[pu]
ShaftTorque [pu]
Active Power in PoC [pu]Active power setpoint in PoC [pu]
75.0060.0045.0030.0015.000.000 [s]
1.03
1.02
1.01
1.00
0.99
0.98
2mass mechanical Model: omega_gen_pu
75.0060.0045.0030.0015.000.000 [s]
10.00
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
Blade angle control Model: pitch
75.0060.0045.0030.0015.000.000 [s]
1.30
1.20
1.10
1.00
0.90
0.80
Cub_2\PQ Meas. MV2_PoC: Active Power in p.u.Selection Model: yPref_wtbase
75.0060.0045.0030.0015.000.000 [s]
1.40
1.30
1.20
1.10
1.00
0.90
2mass mechanical Model: Shaft Torque
DIg
SILE
NT
44.9441.3537.7634.1830.5927.00 [s]
1.007
1.004
1.001
0.998
0.995
0.992
2mass mechanical Model: omega_gen_pu
44.9441.3537.7634.1730.5927.00 [s]
7.00
6.50
6.00
5.50
5.00
4.50
Blade angle control Model: pitch
44.9441.3537.7634.1830.5927.00 [s]
1.115
1.090
1.065
1.040
1.015
0.990
Cub_2\PQ Meas. MV2_PoC: Active Power in p.u.Selection Model: yPref_wtbase
44.9441.3537.7634.1830.5927.00 [s]
1.16
1.12
1.08
1.04
1.00
0.96
2mass mechanical Model: Shaft Torque
DIg
SILE
NT
5% overproduction10% overproduction 20% overproduction
Pitch angle [deg]
Omega_gen[pu]
Zoom
Pitch angle [deg]
Omega_gen[pu]
ShaftTorque [pu]
Active Power in PoC [pu]Active power setpoint in PoC [pu]
ShaftTorque [pu]
Active Power in PoC [pu]Active power setpoint in PoC [pu]Active Power in PoC [pu]Active power setpoint in PoC [pu]
13m/s wind speed 5%, 10% and 20% during 2 sec
8m/s wind speed 5%, 10% and 20% during 2 sec
The higher the overproduction: the deeper the drop in the pitch angle the deeper the drop in the gen. speed the higher the shaft torque
active power follows its setpoints reduction of the active power implies an increased pitch angle dynamics of the generator also reflected in the shaft torque
gen. speed decreases during overproduction gen. speed increases when overproduction is stopped gen. speed increases until it reaches its nom. value and the pitch controller is activated
Simplified Type 4 wind turbine modeling for future ancillary services
Anca D. Hansen1, Ioannis D. Margaris1, Germán C. Tarnowski2, Florin Iov3 1 Technical University of Denmark, 2 Vestas Wind Power A/S, 3 Aalborg University, Department of Energy Technology
Power support capability of the wind turbine