Community structure The following organisms form part of a community.
Simple Organisms part 2
description
Transcript of Simple Organisms part 2
Simple Organismspart 2Protist and Fungi
Oh Bacteria! Oh, lacking any nucleus, you do have a cell wall
You live in water, air, and soil, and anywhere at allYou reproduce by fission and you do so very fastAnd under harsh conditions in an endospore you last
Chorus: Oh bacteria though simple and so smallWithout you ecosystems would not function well at all
True or False Review Questions
Use thumbs up for True Use thumbs down for False1. The 3 Domains of prokaryotes are
eukaryotic, archaea and bacteria.2. Protista can be multicellular, unicellular,
animal-like, plant-like, fungus-like and prokaryotic.
3.Viruses are living DNA particles that use host cells to reproduce in a process called the Lytic cycle.
A. Kingdom Protista
1. They are unicellular or simple multicellular organisms and all are eukaryotes (have a nucleus).
2. They can be plant-like (algae), animal-like, or fungus-like, depending on how they obtain food.
3. Some can reproduce sexually (through conjugation), asexually, or both.
Algae: Plant-like Protists
Description: 1. Contain chlorophyll
that captures the sun’s energy for photosynthesis
2. Most of the multicellular protist are algae
Examples: 1. Algae or seaweed 2. Diatoms 3. Volvox 4. Phytoplankton
Plant-like
Carrageenan
Diatoms
Euglena
Red Tide (algae bloom)
Protozoa: Animal-like Protists
Description: They eat other
organisms to obtain food
Ingest the food and break it down to obtain energy
All are single celled
Examples: Paramecium (see
picture above) Ameoba
Ameoba
Animal-like Amoebae of Entamoeba histolytica, the
cause of amoebic dysentery in humans; Trypanosome brucei, a flagellate
protozoan causing sleeping sickness in humans
Decomposers: Fungus-like ProtistsDescription: Absorb food from
their surroundings Mold—any organism
with a fuzzy-looking growth
Helps organisms decay into nutrients for plants and animals.
Examples: Water mold Slime mold Plasmodial slime
mold
Fungus-like
Scrambled EggSlime mold
Dog VomitSlime mold
Water Mold
Pretzel Plasmodial Slime Mold
How do these devices help Protist obtain food? (Pg 34)
Cilia Helps it move around and sweeps food
towards its mouthFlagella Helps it move around Flexible cells Cell oozes or spreads out and wraps
around its food
How are they helpful? Provide food for
many small organism Provides oxygen for
a variety of animals Used in Toothpastes
–diatomaceous earth Used as a thickener
in chocolate milk and ice cream--carrageenan
How are they harmful? Cause Malaria which
destroys red blood cells
Causes other diseases
B. Kingdom Fungi
1. Fungi are eukaryotic consumers, but they do not eat.
2. Most fungi obtain nutrients by secreting digestive juices into a food source, then absorbing the dissolved substances.
3. Fungi are made up of chains of cells called hyphae that grow together to form a mycelium (like roots).
hyphae
Reproduction Reproduce using spores They are released into the environment
and spread by the wind They begin to grow when water and food
are available
spores
Mushrooms Filled with hyphae (that is what you eat) Largest type of fungi Spores are produced in the cap (top) Many mushrooms are poisonous
Mushroom
Molds
Fuzzy appearance Can be helpful and harmful Penicillin comes from a mold Used to make cheeses
Molds
Yeast
Mostly single-cellular fungiGrows in moist
environmentsUsed in making bread rise
Yeast
Lichen
Symbiosis between the Protist Algae and hyphae of a Fungi
The hyphae forms a sandwich around the algae, which produce sugar and other nutrients for the fungus
Lichen
How are they helpful? They are decomposers that recycles
nutrients back into the environment As a food source Make certain foods, soy sauce, cheese Creates stonewashed jeans
How are they harmful? Can produce toxins or harmful chemicals Allergens Potato Famine, Athletes foot, Dutch elm
disease, powdery white mildew