Simple Machines

Group I I

Wedge

Chelsea Trout

Explanation of a Wedge

The wedge is a simple machine shaped like an incline.

It is like a moving incline plane standing on its narrow end.

A weak force on the wide end being pushed into something, will send a stronger force pushing out the sides.

Mechanical Advantage

The mechanical advantage of a wedge can be found by dividing the length by the width.

The equation is: Length/Width

Changing the Force The wedge changes the force by splitting

the object apart.

Compound Machines with Wedges

Snow blower Wheel and axle Wedge

Pencil Sharpener Wheel and axle Wedge

Scissors Axle Wedge Lever

Bibliography

http://library.thinkquest.org/J002079F/wedge.htm

http://www.uark.edu/depts/aeedhp/agscience/simpmach.htm

http://www.juniorengineering.usu.edu/workshops/machines/machines.php

http://www.cksinfo.com/clipart/construction/tools/scissors/scissors-2.png

http://www.utm.edu/departments/cece/old_site/seventh/ph751a1.htm

Screw

By: Haylie MountPd.11

Simple Machine

Screw

According to wikipedia a screw is a shaft with a helical groove or thread formed on its surface and provision at one end to turn the screw. Its main uses are as a threaded fastener used to hold objects

together, and as a simple machine used to translate torque into linear force. It can

also be defined as an inclined plane wrapped around a shaft.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screw

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.h2ox2.com/store/images/sigg-red-top.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.h2ox2.com/store/hello-kitty-liter-with-sports-p-32.html&usg=__1Sz24omEYuYs7E5zNW6h0LBb_NU=&h=300&w=280&sz=16&hl=en&start=17&um=1&tbnid=_FgrRdpgoqau2M:&tbnh=116&tbnw=108&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbottle%2Bscrew%2Btop%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive%26um%3D1

Mechanical Advantage of a Screw

The mechanical advantage of a screw can be found by dividing the circumference of the screw by the pitch of the screw.

Mechanical Advantage= Circumference

Pitch

ExampleFor example, suppose a screw with 12 threads per inch is turned by a screwdriver having a handle with a diameter of 1 inch. The mechanical

advantage would be calculated as follows: First, determine the pitch of the screw...

Pitch = 1 = 1 = .083 12 threads/inch of screw 12

Second, determine the circumference of the handle of the screwdriver...

Circumference = 3.14 x diameter = 3.14 x 1 = 3.14 inches

Finally, insert the values obtained into the formula and solve the equation...

Mechanical Advantage = Circumference = 3.14 inches = 37.83 Pitch .083

Compound Machine

• Power Drill- Screw- Gear- Lever

• Post digger-Screw

-Lever

-Puller

-Gear

• Snow Blower-Screw

-Pulley

-Lever

-Wheel and Axel

-Wedge

Bibliography

http://www.uark.edu/depts/aeedhp/agscience/simpmach.htm

I used this web site for Mechanical Advantage of a Screw.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screw

I used this website for the definition of a screw.

http://www.edheads.org/activities/simple-machines/

I used this site as a reference for simple and compound machines.

http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/cide/36960/Compound

http://teacher.scholastic.com/dirtrep/simple/screw.htm

Kristine BentzKristine Bentz

PhysicsPhysics

Period 11Period 11

What is a Pulley?What is a Pulley? A simple machine that is composed of a wheel and groove between A simple machine that is composed of a wheel and groove between

two flanges of around the wheels circumference.two flanges of around the wheels circumference.• www.wikipedia.comwww.wikipedia.com

3 types3 types

A FIXED PULLEYA FIXED PULLEY A MOVABLE PULLEYA MOVABLE PULLEY

A COMBINED PULLEYA COMBINED PULLEY

http://www.the-office.com/summerlift/pulleybasics.htm

ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES

Changes the direction of the pull.Changes the direction of the pull. Lift heavy loadsLift heavy loads

For a bicycle it turns the chainSo that the bike can function.

www.automata.co.uk/pulleys.htm

CHANGE IN FORCECHANGE IN FORCE

LeverLever

Chris SeamanChris Seaman

LeverLever

It is a object with the right size It is a object with the right size fulcrum or pivot. In return it fulcrum or pivot. In return it multiples the mechanical force that multiples the mechanical force that can be used to move a different object.can be used to move a different object.

Mechanical advantage of a lever is Mechanical advantage of a lever is that it puts out more leverage then that it puts out more leverage then what you put in. what you put in. The Mechanical advantage formula is the The Mechanical advantage formula is the

length of arm effort/length of load arm. length of arm effort/length of load arm.

LeverLever

There are three different kinds of There are three different kinds of levers.levers. First class leversFirst class levers

Examples: Seesaw, Crow bar, Hammer claw, Examples: Seesaw, Crow bar, Hammer claw, Hand trucks, and a shoehorn are just a Hand trucks, and a shoehorn are just a couple of examples.couple of examples.

LeversLevers

Second class leversSecond class levers The work put in is a one end of the lever The work put in is a one end of the lever

and at the other end is the Fulcrum. and at the other end is the Fulcrum. And the load is in between the two ends And the load is in between the two ends of the lever.of the lever.

Examples: Wrenches, Nutcrackers, Examples: Wrenches, Nutcrackers, Wheelbarrow.Wheelbarrow.

LeversLevers

Third class levers.Third class levers. The input force is greater then output The input force is greater then output

force. The load move more then the force. The load move more then the distance moved by effort. distance moved by effort.

ExamplesExamples BroomBroom Fishing rodFishing rod Mouse trap Mouse trap

Lever ProblemLever Problem

There is a wheelbarrow that is 4 foot There is a wheelbarrow that is 4 foot long. And the load arm is 2 foot long. long. And the load arm is 2 foot long. What is the mechanical advantage of What is the mechanical advantage of the wheelbarrow?the wheelbarrow?

Effort arm is 4 foot, load arm is 2 Effort arm is 4 foot, load arm is 2 food.food.

4/2= 24/2= 2 So the mechanical advantage is 2. So the mechanical advantage is 2.

COMPOUND MACHINE 1COMPOUND MACHINE 1

A Crane.A Crane. Lever Lever Wheel and axleWheel and axle PulleyPulley ScrewsScrews

Compound Machine 2Compound Machine 2

CarsCars Simple machines on it.Simple machines on it.

Wheel and AxleWheel and Axle LeverLever ScrewsScrews

Compound Machine 3Compound Machine 3

BikesBikes Simple Machines in a bike.Simple Machines in a bike.

LeversLevers Wheel and axlesWheel and axles ScrewsScrews

BibliographyBibliography

1.1.http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_thttp://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_equation_to_find_the_mechanicalhe_equation_to_find_the_mechanical_advantage_of_a_lever_advantage_of_a_lever (Used to find the mechanical (Used to find the mechanical advantage of a lever.)advantage of a lever.)

2.http://www.dynamicscience.com.au/2.http://www.dynamicscience.com.au/tester/solutions/hydraulicus/tester/solutions/hydraulicus/simplemachineslevers7.htm (Used to simplemachineslevers7.htm (Used to find info on levers and pictures)find info on levers and pictures)

3.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lever (Used 3.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lever (Used to get the information on levers)to get the information on levers)

BibliographyBibliography

4.http://www.enchantedlearning.com/4.http://www.enchantedlearning.com/physics/machines/Levers.shtmlphysics/machines/Levers.shtml

5.http://www.uark.edu/depts/aeedhp/5.http://www.uark.edu/depts/aeedhp/agscience/simpmach.htmagscience/simpmach.htm

Nick ManzaPeriod 11

What is an Inclined Plane?

An inclined plane is a ramp that is used to reduce effort that is used to raise or lower an object.

Some examples of a inclined plane are…– Loading ramp– Mountain Road– Or even a threaded screw

Examples

Mechanical Advantage

The mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is the length of the slope divided by the height of the plane.

Mechanical Advantage=S/H

How does an Inclined Plane change the Force?

The Force in an inclined plane can change in 2 ways. Depending on which way it is going. It could make it easier or harder to push an object.

Finding Mechanical Advantage

One example of finding mechanical advantage is if the slope of an inclined plane equaled 10, and the height of the plane equaled 2. Since S/H=MA the answer would be 5.

Compound Machine #1

This is a compound machine that has 3 simples machines in it.

– A lever.– A pulley.– And an inclined plane.

Compound Machine #2

This compound machine drives away.

– It has a wheel and axle.– It has a pulley.– The inclined planes on it

are screws.

Compound Machine #3

This is a puller swinger, that you can use to lift things.

– It has a wheel an axle.– It has a lever.– It has a pulley– It also has an inclined

plane.

Bibliography

http://www.professorbeaker.com/plane_fact.html - Gave me a clear understanding of the definition. Used

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.beth.k12.pa.us/schools/wwwclass/mcosgrove/simplemachines.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.beth.k12.pa.us/schools/wwwclass/mcosgrove/simple.htm&usg=__k9eWnzj_ZMbmQwdiFb6g2a7rmI4=&h=300&w=502&sz=37&hl=en&start=36&tbnid=H4CyEPktznCbzM:&tbnh=78&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dcompound%2Bmachine%2Busing%2Bincline%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive%26sa%3DN – pictures on slide 3 USED

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.richland.k12.wi.us/RMS/RMS%2520Web%2520Page/RMS6/Bauss/BauerWeb/images/machine2a.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.richland.k12.wi.us/RMS/RMS%2520Web%2520Page/RMS6/Bauss/BauerWeb/studentwork.html&usg=__S8q40WSNMcq3ZX9oeq-JgOIx-z0=&h=203&w=216&sz=18&hl=en&start=28&um=1&tbnid=KgkIcpbed-jCTM:&tbnh=101&tbnw=107&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dinclined%2Bplane%2Bcompound%2Bmachine%26ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive%26sa%3DN%26start%3D18%26um%3D1 – used for compound machines 2 and 3

http://www.uark.edu/depts/aeedhp/agscience/simpmach.htm - mechanical advantage USED

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.richland.k12.wi.us/RMS/RMS%2520Web%2520Page/RMS6/BauSS/BauerWeb/images/machine2a.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.richland.k12.wi.us/RMS/RMS%2520Web%2520Page/RMS6/BauSS/BauerWeb/portfolio/studentwork.html&usg=__NjacKnMgMlfOh2mmdjBCUxao80=&h=203&w=216&sz=18&hl=en&start=28&um=1&tbnid=KgkIcpbedjCTM:&tbnh=101&tbnw=107&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dcompound%2Bmachine%2Bwith%2Binclined%2Bplanes%26ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive%26sa%3DN%26start%3D18%26um%3D1 – USED for Compound machine 1

•Wheel and Axle is 1 of the 6 different types of simple machines.

•It is a wheel with a rod, called a axle, through its center. Used to move or lift loads.

•The mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle is the ratio of the wheel radius to the axle radius.

•The wheel and axle can be used also for an increased speed for doing a certain task.

•The mechanical advantage equation:

MA=radius of wheel/radius of axle

An example of a mechanical advantage for a wheel and axle would be a windlass.If the radius of the axle is 2 cm and the radius of the wheel is 12 cm. Then the radius of the wheel is therefore 6 times larger than the axle radius. So the actual mechanical advantage would be 6:1.

~Bicycle~

•Wheel and axle

•Pulley

•Lever

•screw

~Car~

•Wheel and axle

•Pulley

•Lever

•screw

~Wheel barrel~

•Wheel and axle

•Lever

•Screw

• http://www.mikids.com/Smachines.htm

-used to find the definition of the wheel and axle.

•http://www.cosi.org/files/Flash/simpMach/sm1.swf

-used to find the mechanical advantages

•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_and_axle

•http://www.uark.edu/depts/aeedhp/agscience/simpmach.htm

•http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Mechanical_advantage_of_a_wheel_and_axle

-mechanical advantage equation