Simple Aerial Photomapping - Engineers Without Borders West Coast Regional Workshop 2013
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Transcript of Simple Aerial Photomapping - Engineers Without Borders West Coast Regional Workshop 2013
Simple, Inexpensive Aerial Photography Mapping with Balloons or Kites
Engineers Without Borders West Coast Regional Workshop 2013 Patrick Coyle, EWB-‐SFP; Public Lab, Belize Open Source -‐ Sustainable
Development October 12, 2013
Agenda • Why bother? Aerial photomaps can be very useful
• Community, Site and Project Planning; Agricultural/ Ecological planning, evaluaGon
• How? In summary, what’s needed? • Equipment, SoKware, Supplies, Materials
• Step-‐by-‐step guide • Examples from community of users • What’s new • DemonstraGon – let’s fly! • See results, Q&A
• Jeff Warren, Public Lab, produced community maps in Lima, Peru with children and adults
Step-‐by-‐step guide
For example, here is Coyle’s preliminary set of requirements: • Take detailed aerial photos of the Belize Open Source Sustainable Development
40-‐acre property with enough detail that individual trees are clear • Cover the site with overlapping images and use soKware to sGtch them together
into a single photomap and georegister it to Google Earth imagery of the property
• Tag the individual photos with GPS data to geo-‐reference them for viewing on Google Maps, Google Earth, or for use with other applicaGons
• Develop methods to use the photomaps for work planning, tracking progress and communicaGng results to encourage parGcipaGon in the iniGaGve. Document the approach and techniques
• Apply the method to other community mapping iniGaGves and make it available to EWB teams and schools and communiGes in Belize
• Decide what you want to do, produce and deliver; thinking this through will help to define the requirements
What’s needed?
• Digital camera with ability to take photos automaGcally (at few-‐second intervals or conGnuously (~ 1 per second)) • (advanced: pair of cameras, shooGng vis and IR or infrablue in
synch) • GPS tracking unit (opGonal, where needed) • Package to house and protect the camera and GPS unit • Balloon or kite with enough liK capability to carry the camera, GPS unit,
housing and sufficient tether line to reach height of interest for the photographs
• Safe area to test the system and process • Safe approach to use the process in the field • Capability to process the data and present the results • Approach to discuss and use the results
A complete grassroots mapping kit
Public Lab has great resources • Start with Public Lab’s Tool page for Balloon and Kite Mapping:
• hgp://publiclab.org/wiki/balloon-‐mapping • Their whole toolkit is linked out there, but really fast: • Buy their balloon kit, assemble your own, or buy/make a kite • Find a good camera • Determine how you will trigger the camera, (rubber band, CHDK) • Or pick out a Gmelapse app for your smartphone • Build a simple housing from a plasGc bogle • Find a site to map that is five miles from an airport and not
Washington D.C. (or learn about the regulaGons yourself) • Follow the pre-‐flight checklist and quickstart guide to safely fill up your
balloon and fly! • Sort your images on your desktop or with Mapmill • Make them into a map with Mapkniger • Print a poster of your map from Mapkniger, see your map join the
public record in our archive, even in Google Earth • Share your experGse with others
Balloon or kite?
Camera capsule
Camera preparaGon
Flying balloon or kite
“Neogeographic” approach to inexpensive oil spill mapping
• In April 2010, the Deepwater Horizon oil rig exploded and sank in the Gulf of Mexico, iniGaGng what may be one of the worst environmental disasters in U.S. history
• As the spill grew in size, Jeffrey Warren and Stewart Long collaborated with the Louisiana Bucket Brigade, a New Orleans-‐based environmental non-‐profit group, and began a volunteer-‐led aerial mapping project to document the spill’s effects
• The maps use orthorecGfied photographs of key affected sites processed into GeoTIFFs and Gled map services (TMS) -‐ the public domain photographs, taken from balloons or kites, are among the highest resoluGon imagery available of the spill
Oil Spill Mapping Kits • The mapping kits themselves, assembled for less than $300 each, consisted of:
• an 8-‐foot weather balloon • a tank of helium • 2000 feet of string • an inexpensive, consumer grade digital camera
• half of a soda bogle • a large kite • GPS logger (opGonal)
Oil spill mapping approach • ParGcipants visit an affected area, fill a balloon or prepare a kite depending on wind condiGons, and send the camera in its homemade protecGve enclosure up to 2000 feet in the air
• By walking along the beach or moving in a boat, several kilometers of coastline may be imaged in just a few hours
• Some maps, at ~ 2-‐3 cm nominal resoluGon, can count birds, plants and other features, even idenGfy bird species
Oil spill mapping trips and data • Between May 7 and July 22, 2010 dozens of parGcipants made 36 trips to gather mapping data, averaging almost one trip every other day
• Only one trip failed to return with imagery, 56% of the trips returned with "excellent" or "usable" data, and over 11,000 images were taken, mapping conGnued through January 2011
• This is a case where the low-‐cost mapping techniques were applied to a real-‐world problem of immediate importance
OrthorecGficaGon (sGtching) techniques • Two different manual processing methods have accounted for
the bulk of the mapping for Public Lab (publiclab.org) to date: • Gonzo Earth Image Processing is a workflow of different
commercial off-‐the-‐shelf (COTS) and open-‐source GIS and digital image soKware packages, which has been used to generate dozens of maps from balloons, kites, remote controlled and manned aircraK
• MapKniger, mapkniger.org, is web-‐based soKware for users to upload and recGfy images from a web browser
• Both export finished maps in standard formats that can be viewed in common GIS tools and integrated into exisGng workflows
A Grassroots Mapping collaboraGon in Georgia
• In the country of Georgia, Grassroots Mapping techniques were used alongside more tradiGonal GPS-‐based approaches by the OpenMapsCaucasus.org effort to produce a public domain map of the enGre country
• A map of MesGa, in the SvaneG region of Georgia. The map spans 5.5 kilometers and was captured in just 3 days of balloon and kite mapping with local OpenMapsCaucasus staff and parGcipaGng students
• Flight paths of several balloon mapping flights in MesGa, Georgia, during a 3-‐day project to map the enGre city
• The pictured flights reached 1.4 kilometers above ground level
Grassroots Mapping Belize
• Pat Coyle of Belize Open Source Sustainable Development is applying these techniques to detailed mapping of a 40-‐acre property in northwest Belize and other community and educaGonal mapping iniGaGves
• I’ve commissioned the mapping tools and am conGnuing to pracGce the techniques
Site: Belize Open Source Sustainable Development
• This 40-‐acre rural property is located in northwestern Belize near the Mexican and Guatemala borders about 16 miles from Orange Walk Town, between the villages of August Pine Ridge and San Felipe and 3.5 miles to Rio Hondo Belize/Mexico border
belizeopensource.org
• Google Maps shows it, but unGl recently, two more clicks in and you ran out of pixels – it’s beger now
Status: grassroots mapping program in Belize
• Started with 9-‐day trip in February to engage schools, develop capabiliGes and make iniGal set of maps (Belize Open Source property, August Pine Ridge school classrooms and surrounding community, and Muffles College)
• Posted Research Notes on Public Lab, in context of a plan to: • develop capabiliGes, • archive, access and communicate with the images, • implement training through classes in local schools, • conGnue with ongoing workshops for future visitors to extend
techniques and map more of the country's sites of interest with emphasis on community needs and benefits to local users, as well as some the gorgeous sites
• Muffles College Environmental Sciences program parGcipated. Jeff Warren and Stewart Long, Public Laboratory for Open Technology and Science, have parGcipated in planning
Blanca Torres, principal of the August Pine Ridge school, wrote, “The aerial photo mapping seems very interesting. I shared with my children and sisters the images of our village … and they just loved them. … I welcome these opportunities where I can involve my students in new learning experiences. I am very interested in exposing them through your mapping project. We feel pride in having our community appear in internet pages and more if we are involved in getting those images.”
August Pine Ridge RC school, Belize mapping session
In progress and completed new classroom building Richard Obratil, former Chapter President, Project Manager/Site Engineer EWB-Cleveland State University Chapter, wrote, “... here is a picture of the building…”
Muffles Junior College, Belize mapping sessions With Rafael Castillo, the faculty advisor, and the Environmental Club at the Muffles Junior College campus near Orange Walk Town
We did two hands-on training and mapping sessions and I left them with a complete KAP mapping kit This puts a sustainable mapping capability in place at Muffles which can serve the Environmental Science program
Belize Open Source mapping session Initial images from Delta Levitation with A1200 in juice bottle rig shooting in continuous mode
Simple Aerial Photomapping session, EWB Regional Workshop at Cal Poly 2012
• Niles, CA: Google Earth imagery shows center under construcGon, the sGtched map shows completed facility
• PracGce flights: Livermore, CA
• Sunol, CA:
• “Personal aerial photo-mapping session with balloons or kites,” a fundraising auction item, was successful • 7/22/12, Nile Runge, who had successfully bid on the item at a Livermore Rotary Club fundraiser, and I flew two mylar sleeping bag balloons with a Canon A1200, shooting in continuous mode in a juice-bottle rig. • We flew at Shadow Cliffs Regional Recreation Area, Pleasanton, CA, a part of the East Bay Regional Park District
hIp://mapkniIer.org/
• MapKniIer is a free and open source tool for combining and posiPoning images in geographic space into a composite image map
Get Involved • publiclab.org provides techniques and tools, case studies
• ParGcipate: join the mailing list
• Start a grassroots mapping project
• Apply the techniques to your project
Let’s fly, Q&A
• We are outside flying, catch up with us • We’ll come back and try to make map • Look at the rest of the talk