Similarities and Differences So, Too, Either and Neither

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AKHNES NURHERLIANI ANJEN PUTRI GANTING ATUN ALAWIYAH DINA FARHANIA HAMDAN JURAIS IKE AGUSTINA SOFIAN HADI WULAN NITA PRATIWI GROUP 8

Transcript of Similarities and Differences So, Too, Either and Neither

Similarities And Differences

AKHNES NURHERLIANI

ANJEN PUTRI GANTING

ATUN ALAWIYAH

DINA FARHANIA

HAMDAN JURAIS

IKE AGUSTINA

SOFIAN HADI

WULAN NITA PRATIWIGROUP 8Similarities And Differences So, Too, Either, NeitherSo, too, either and neither are usually used to express agreement or disagreement (positive or negative agreement) and serves to avoid repetition of words in a sentence (elliptical construction). The sentence becomes shorter without compromising its meaning.

SO TOO ( POSITIVE AGREEMENT )

This pattern is used to express the same things or act in positive sentences (give the positive response on affirmative statement).

a.) If there are to be (is, am, are, was, were) in a main clause, the "to be"used in the next statement directly.

The Pattern:Affirmative statement (to be) + and + so + (to be) + SubjectorAffirmative statement (to be) + and + Subject + (to be) + too

Example:1. I am studying in Diponegoro University and so is he.2. Dandy was born in Semarang and so was Dewi.3. They are reading many books in the library and so are we.4. Ari was uncomfortable with his uniform and Jane was too.5. We were happy in the last holiday and they were too.b.) If there are auxiliary (have, has, etc.) or modal (can, will, should, etc.) inthe sentence, the auxiliary or modal used directly.

The Pattern:Affirmative statement + and + so + auxiliary or modal + SubjectorAffirmative statement + and + Subject + auxiliary or modal + too

Example:1. Fina can ride a car and so can my brother.2. She will buy a computer and Rio will too.3. We should ride a motorcycle carefully and so should I.4. I had broken the glass and she had too.5. Rima has eaten potatoes and I have too.

c.) If there are not to be, auxiliary or modal in a sentence, use do /does / did in a short statement. It depends from the pattern of sentence,whether present tense or past tense. Besides that, in present tense depends fromsubject of the sentence; do for they, we, I, you and does for he, she, it.

The Pattern:Affirmative statement + and + so + do / does / did + SubjectorAffirmative statement + and + Subject + do / does / did + too

Example:1. Adi wants a noodle for breakfast and so do I.2. The doctor examined the patients and the nurse did too.3. The carpenter cuts the wood with his saw and my father does too.4. He always works overtime and so does my father.5. She went to Paris last week and so did I.d.) The conjunction and can be ignored, such as the short dialog below:Mali : Hi, Im Mali. Im new student in here.Melly : So am I. My name is Melly. Where do you come from?Mali : I come from Surabaya.Melly : What a coincidence! I do, too. Nice to meet you!Mali : Nice to meet you too!

Anne : Hi Tom Where did you go after graduate?Tom : Hi Ann, I worked in Semarang.Anne : Wow, so did I. How long had you been work there?Tom : I worked there about a year. What about you?Anne : I did, too But I got much experience during workedTom : Youre right, so did I.

ConclusionThe similarities between so and too are used to give a positive response in affirmative statements, showing the same things or action which means "agree" in positive sentence.

The difference between so and too are in the pattern:SO So + (to be) or (auxiliary / modal) or (do / does / did) + Subject.TOO Subject + (to be) or (auxiliary / modal) or (do / does / did) + Too

EITHER NEITHER ( NEGATIVE AGREEMENT )

This pattern is used to express the same things or act in the negative sentences. (give the negative response in negative statement)."Neither" has the meaning "Not Either". So, it does not need "Not" in to be, auxiliary, modal, on the next statement. Whereas "Either" needs "Not" in "to be, auxiliary, modal", on the next statement.

a.) If there are to be (is, am, are, was, were) in a main clause, the "to be"used in the next statement directly.

The Pattern:Negative statement (to be) + and + Subject + (to be) + not + eitherorNegative statement (to be) + and + neither + (to be) + Subject

Example:1. She is not a child anymore, and I am not either.2. They are not Indonesian, and we are not either.3. Shinta was not in home yesterday, and neither was Dewi.4. You were not studying Mathematics, and neither were I.5. I am not a beautiful girl in the class, and She is not either

b.) If there are auxiliary (have, has, etc.) or modal (can, will, should, etc.) in asentence, the auxiliary or modal used in the next statement directly.

The Pattern:Negative statement + and + Subject + negative auxiliary or modal + eitherorNegative statement + and + neither + positive auxiliary or modal + Subject

Example:1. I must not go to school right now, and my sister must not either. 2. Rina can not swim, and neither can I.3. I will not come in your party, and neither will he.4. She could not cook chicken sup, and I could not either.5. You have not broken the glass, and neither have Ic.) If there are not to be, auxiliary, verb or modals in a sentence, use do /does / did in the next negative short statement. It depends from the pattern ofsentence, whether present tense or past tense. Besides that, in present tensedepends from subject of the sentence; do for subject they, we, I, you anddoes for subject he, she, it.

The Pattern:Negative statement + and + Subject + do / does / did + not + eitherorNegative statement + and + neither + do / does / did + not + Subject

Example:1. I do not like jogging, and she does not either.2. You do not like a sandwich, and neither do I.3. They did not read prescription, and neither did we.4. Andi does not have a car, and Era does not either.5. She did not come late yesterday, and I did not either

There are some adverbs of frequency which is considered negative, such as: never, seldom, rarely, and etc.Example:

1. She never comes here, and he does not either.2. I seldom eat chicken steak, and neither does she.3. Sammy rarely comes late in the class, and I do not either.

d.) The conjunction and can be ignored, such as the short dialog below:Ella : Nanda, have you seen my shoes in garage?

Nanda : No, I have not.Ella : What about you, Santi?Santi : Neither have I.

Ira : Could you do the exam this afternoon?Wati : No, I could not. It was difficult.Ira : Youre right. I tried to do it, but I could not either

ConclusioNThe similarities between either and neither are used to give a negative response in negative statements, showing the same things or action which means "dissagree" in negative sentence.

The difference between either and neither are in the pattern:EITHER Subject + (to be + not) or (negative auxiliary / modal) or (do /does / did +not) + Either.NEITHER Neither + (to be) or (auxiliary / modal) or (do / does / did)+Subject.

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