SILS - Spring 2013SILS - Spring 2013

CU206CU206INTRODUCTION TO INTRODUCTION TO EUROPEAN STUDIESEUROPEAN STUDIES

Week 10: European Print CultureWeek 10: European Print Culture

Novels, Newspapers, and ModernityNovels, Newspapers, and Modernity

Graham LawGraham Law

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Structure of today’s classStructure of today’s class Three preliminary questionsThree preliminary questions

The Gutenburg revolution The Gutenburg revolution (Marshall McLuhan)(Marshall McLuhan) Print and modernityPrint and modernity (Benedict Anderson) (Benedict Anderson) The rise of the novel The rise of the novel (Franco Moretti)(Franco Moretti) The rise of the newspaper The rise of the newspaper (Richard Altick)(Richard Altick) Novels and newspapers Novels and newspapers (Graham Law)(Graham Law)

Question & Answer SessionQuestion & Answer Session

You can download this Powerpoint file from:You can download this Powerpoint file from: <<http://www.f.waseda.jp/glaw/TEMP/ITES-Novels&Newspapers.ppthttp://www.f.waseda.jp/glaw/TEMP/ITES-Novels&Newspapers.ppt>>

The essay titles for this unit are:The essay titles for this unit are:1) What were the consequences of the 1) What were the consequences of the

““Gutenburg Revolution” in Europe.Gutenburg Revolution” in Europe.OROR

2) Was there a “Print Revolution” 2) Was there a “Print Revolution” in East Asia?in East Asia?

Graham LawGraham Law

CU206: Week 12: European Print CultureCU206: Week 12: European Print Culture

Some preliminary questionsSome preliminary questions

WhereWhere and and whenwhen was was PRINTINGPRINTING first first invented?invented?

WhereWhere and and whenwhen was the first was the first NOVELNOVEL published?published?

WhereWhere and and whenwhen was the first was the first NEWSPAPERNEWSPAPER published? published?

Discuss the three questions with your neighbours

What Gutenburg didn’t inventWhat Gutenburg didn’t invent PrintingPrinting

– natural?natural? Woodblock printingWoodblock printing

– Egypt C6th? (on cloth)Egypt C6th? (on cloth) Woodblock letter printingWoodblock letter printing

– China C8th? (on paper)China C8th? (on paper) Movable wooden typeMovable wooden type

– China C13th?China C13th? Movable metal typeMovable metal type

– Korea C14thKorea C14th

What What diddid Gutenburg create? Gutenburg create? Johann Johann GutenburgGutenburg

( (c.c.1400-68)1400-68) Mainz, GermanyMainz, Germany

movable type printing in Europemovable type printing in Europe the age of mechanical reproduction?the age of mechanical reproduction? the beginnings of the modern world?the beginnings of the modern world?

The Gutenburg revolution The Gutenburg revolution The Gutenburg GalaxyThe Gutenburg Galaxy (1962) (1962) ThereThere Marshall McLuhan Marshall McLuhan linked linked linked linked

Gutenburg’s creation Gutenburg’s creation of Renaissance “typographic of Renaissance “typographic man”man” man” to to the rise man” to to the rise

of --of --– the Reformationthe Reformation– modern science & technologymodern science & technology– industrial capitalismindustrial capitalism– mass education & literacy mass education & literacy – democracydemocracy

cf. cf. E.L. Eisenstein, E.L. Eisenstein, The Printing Press as an Agent of The Printing Press as an Agent of ChangeChange (1979) (1979)

Print and modernityPrint and modernity Benedict Anderson Benedict Anderson Imagined Imagined

CommunitiesCommunities (1983) (1983) ““Reflections on the Origin and Spread Reflections on the Origin and Spread

of Nationalism”of Nationalism” ““print-capitalism, which made it possible for rapidly

growing numbers of people to think about themselves, and to relate themselves to others, in profoundly new ways” (p. 36)

the novel and the newspaper: “two forms of imagining which . . . provided the technical means for ‘re-presenting’ the kind of imagined community that is the nation” (pp. 24-5)

The rise of the novel (1)The rise of the novel (1) The mediaeval romance and the novelThe mediaeval romance and the novel Early 17th-century SpainEarly 17th-century Spain Cervantes Cervantes Don QuixoteDon Quixote (1605) (1605)

Who is represented in the pictures? Who drew them?

The rise of the novel (2)The rise of the novel (2) The tale of the The tale of the pícaropícaro (rogue) and the novel (rogue) and the novel Early 18th-century EnglandEarly 18th-century England Defoe Defoe Robinson CrusoeRobinson Crusoe (1719) (1719)

Who is represented in the picture?

The novel and the nationThe novel and the nation Franco MorettiFranco Moretti Atlas of the European NovelAtlas of the European Novel

((1998)1998) ““Village, court, city, valley, universe can all Village, court, city, valley, universe can all

be visually represented -- in paintings, for be visually represented -- in paintings, for instance: but the nation-state? Well, the instance: but the nation-state? Well, the nation-state … found the novel. And vice-nation-state … found the novel. And vice-versa: the novel found the nation-state. And versa: the novel found the nation-state. And being the only symbolic form that could being the only symbolic form that could represent it, the novel became an essential represent it, the novel became an essential component of our modern culture.” (p. 17)component of our modern culture.” (p. 17)

The rise of the newspaper (1)The rise of the newspaper (1) Corantos [foreign news pamphlets] Corantos [foreign news pamphlets] Early C17th Italy, France, Holland, England, ...Early C17th Italy, France, Holland, England, ...

The rise of the newspaper (2)The rise of the newspaper (2) Large-circulation daily national newspapersLarge-circulation daily national newspapers Mid-19th-century France, USA, ...Mid-19th-century France, USA, ... Tabloid size, sensational style ...Tabloid size, sensational style ...

The newspaper and the nationThe newspaper and the nation Richard D. AltickRichard D. Altick The English Common ReaderThe English Common Reader

((1957)1957) ““Above all, the democratizing of reading led Above all, the democratizing of reading led

to a far-reaching revolution in English culture. to a far-reaching revolution in English culture. No longer were books and periodicals written No longer were books and periodicals written chiefly for the comfortable few; more and chiefly for the comfortable few; more and more as the [19th] century progressed, it was more as the [19th] century progressed, it was the ill-educated mass audience with pennies in the ill-educated mass audience with pennies in its pocket that called the tune to which writers its pocket that called the tune to which writers and editors danced.” (p. 5)and editors danced.” (p. 5)

Novels &Novels &Newspapers (1)Newspapers (1)

Novels in newspapersNovels in newspapers– roman feuilletonroman feuilleton in France, ... in France, ...

Novelists as journalistsNovelists as journalists– Charles Dickens, …Charles Dickens, …

Newspapers in novelsNewspapers in novels– The media in The media in War of the WorldsWar of the Worlds, ..., ...

Topicalities in novelsTopicalities in novels– The “New Woman” in late C19th fiction, ...The “New Woman” in late C19th fiction, ...– Cf. Altick, The Presence of the Present (1991)Cf. Altick, The Presence of the Present (1991)

Novels &Novels &Newspapers (2)Newspapers (2)

Graham LawGraham Law Serializing Fiction in the Serializing Fiction in the Victorian PressVictorian Press

(2000)(2000) Bagehot on Charles Dickens:Bagehot on Charles Dickens: “Mr Dickens’s genius is especially suited to the delineation of city life. London is like

a newspaper. Everything is there, and everything is disconnected. There is every kind of person in some houses; but there is no more connection between the houses than between the neighbours in the lists of “births, marriages, and deaths.” As we change from the broad leader to the squalid police-report, we pass a corner and we are in a changed world. This is advantageous to Mr Dicken’s genius. . . . He describes London like a special correspondent for Posterity.” (National Review, October 1858)

Question & Answer Question & Answer SessionSession

Over to YouOver to You

You can download this Powerpoint file from:You can download this Powerpoint file from: <<http://www.f.waseda.jp/glaw/TEMP/ITES-Novels&Newspapers.ppthttp://www.f.waseda.jp/glaw/TEMP/ITES-Novels&Newspapers.ppt>>

The essay titles for this unit are:The essay titles for this unit are:1) What were the consequences of the 1) What were the consequences of the

““Gutenburg Revolution” in Europe.Gutenburg Revolution” in Europe.OROR

2) Was there a “Print Revolution” 2) Was there a “Print Revolution” in East Asia?in East Asia?

Graham LawGraham Law

CU206: Week 12: European Print CultureCU206: Week 12: European Print Culture