Sika HAKI DEBINDO 2019 file4/6/2019 · perkembanganadmixture beton 3 developments in pce...

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MISHRA SYAUKANI, ST - IR HARTONO HIOE

PT. SIKA INDONESIA

PERKEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI MATERIAL UNTUKMENDUKUNG PENINGKATAN KINERJA ELEMEN DANSTRUKTUR BANGUNAN

PERKEMBANGAN ADMIXTURE BETON

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DEVELOPMENTS IN PCE SUPERPLASTICIZERSCONCERN IN CONCRETE

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DEVELOPMENTS IN PCE SUPERPLASTICIZERSCONCERN IN CONCRETE – LONG TERM

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DEVELOPMENTS IN PCE SUPERPLASTICIZERSCONCERN IN CONCRETE – EARLY STRENGTH CAPACITY

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DEVELOPMENTS IN PCE SUPERPLASTICIZERSBEBERAPA PENYEBAB KEGAGALAN PEKERJAAN BETON

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DEVELOPMENTS IN PCE SUPERPLASTICIZERSEFEK KEGAGALAN PEKERJAAN BETON

Bagian2 bangunan

yang sering terjadi kegagalan betonKerusakan awal pada beton

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Beberapa Tantangan dan situasi yang umum terjadi pada adukan beton

Type Semen yang bervariasi

Kondisi Fly Ash yang tidak konsisten

Slump Loss Beton yang tinggi

Kebutuhan slump retensi yang panjang (extended slump requirement)

Penambahan admixture di lapangan untuk menaikkan slump kembali

Issue tentang setting time beton (long setting dan flash setting)

Kemudahan adukan beton untuk dipompa

Perkembangan Kuat tekan umur beton

DEVELOPMENTS IN PCE SUPERPLASTICIZERSCONCERN IN CONCRETE

APAKAH ITU BETON??

0.5%

70%

18%

9%2.5% Aggregat

Semen

Additif

Air

Admixtures

Aggregat berpengaruh

pada klasifikasi:

- 0/≤4 mm Agg. Halus

- 0/>4 mm Agg. Kasar

Semen mempengaruhi

kuat tekan dari beton:

Additif mempengaruhi

durabilitas dari beton:

Air mempengaruhi

density dari beton:

Admixtures mengontrol

workabilitas dan durabilitas :

Beton adalah sistem

yg terdiri dari 5 komponen OBAT BETON - ADMIXTURE

Obat beton adalah cairan kimia ataupun powder

yang dicampurkan ke dalam adukan beton untuk

dapat mengubah karakter adukan beton

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+ + + +

Obat Beton

“admixture”

OBAT BETON - ADMIXTURE

• Type A Water-reducing admixtures

• Type B Retarding admixtures

• Type C Accelerating admixtures

• Type D Water-reducing & retarding admixtures

• Type E Water-reducing & accelerating admixtures

• Type F Water-reducing, high range admixtures

• Type G Water-reducing, high range & retarding admixtures

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What do we need for such kind of concrete?

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0,0%

5,0%

10,0%

15,0%

20,0%

25,0%

0 0,2% 0,4% 0,6% 0,8% 1,0% 1,2% 1,4% 1,6% 1,8%

Dosage

Wa

ter

red

uc

tio

n %

Ra

ng

e o

f P

lasti

ciz

er

Ra

ng

e o

f S

up

erp

lasti

ciz

er

Concrete Technology- AdmixturesDefinition- plasticizer and superplasticizer

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Quality I

Watertight ConcreteBasement & all Infrastructure

Elasticity

w/c and binder concept

Corrosion Resistant ConcreteHarbor all structures seaside

Steel surface protection

w/c and binder concept

Frost & Freeze / Thaw

Resistant ConcreteBridge Retaining Wall

Expansion pores

w/c

Sulfate Resistant ConcreteTunneling

Binder concept

w/c

Fire Resistant ConcreteRailway Station Underground structure

Expansion Capillary

Mix Design (CEM / Aggreg.)

DEVELOPMENTS IN PCE SUPERPLASTICIZERSCONCRETE REQUIREMENTS

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Quality II

DEVELOPMENTS IN PCE SUPERPLASTICIZERSCONCRETE REQUIREMENTS

Alkali-Silica-Reaction Resistant

ConcreteAirstrip / Highway

Aggregate concept

Mix design & binder concept

Abrasion Resistant ConcreteDischarge unit of a dam Gen. Hydro

Power

Surface hardness

Mix design (aggregates)

w/c

Chemical Resistant ConcreteWaste water treatment

Surface protection

w/c and binder

High Strength ConcretePile High rise building

w/c

Binder content and concept

Shrinkage Controlled ConcreteAll types of high durable concrete

w/c

Shrinkage reducer

Binder content and concept

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Quality III

DEVELOPMENTS IN PCE SUPERPLASTICIZERSLIMITS OF WATER REDUCTION

High

Low

Qu

ali

ty /

Du

rab

ilit

y

Good

Bad

Pra

ctic

al /

Fea

sib

le

Influencing:

- Quality of Binder

- Knowledge of people

- Quality control concept

- ..

Influencing:

Quality of local aggregates -

Local conditions (temp./…) -

Experiences of worker -

On site supervision -

0,20 0,30 0,40 0,50 0,60 0,70

Water / Binder - ratio

Achievable concrete quality

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Quality III


High

Low

Qu

ali

ty /

Du

rab

ilit

y

Good

Bad

Pra

ctic

al /

Fea

sib

le

0,20 0,30 0,40 0,50 0,60 0,70

Water / Binder - ratio

Achievable concrete qualitySummary IV


Required

w/c ratio

Therefore min.

Water content

Cement content

to achieve

Comments

0.50approx.

140 l/m3≥ 280 kg/m3

Workability must be ensured

Example:

Pumped concrete: Total ≤ 0.125mm: ≥ 400 kg/m3

Self-compacting concrete : Total ≤ 0.125mm: ≥ 500 kg/m3

0.40approx.

140 l/m3≥ 350 kg/m3

It must be possible to achieve the required softness

(liquefaction) with water reducers (HRWR)

0.30approx.

140 l/m3≥ 450 kg/m3

Shrinkage may not over-compensate for the benefits of the

low W/C, Example:

Cement content 500 kg/m3: →Ɛcs (182d): 0.55‰

Cement content 250 kg/m3: →Ɛcs (182d): 0.30‰

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DEVELOPMENTS IN PCE SUPERPLASTICIZERSPASTE VOLUME OPTIMIZATION

Concrete with different paste quality will have different mechanical strengths.

W/C=0.75 W/C=0.65 W/C=0.55 W/C=0.45

350 kg/m3 350 kg/m3 350 kg/m3 350 kg/m3

15 N/mm2 25 N/mm2 35 N/mm2 45 N/mm2

But concrete with different paste volume but same paste quality we will have “same” mechanical strengths.

W/C=0.65 W/C=0.65 W/C=0.65 W/C=0.65

1034 kg/m3 600 kg/m3 350 kg/m3 200 kg/m3

25 N/mm2 25 N/mm2 25 N/mm2 25 N/mm2

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Definition paste volume

“Crane & Bucket” Concrete280 kg/m3 / w/c= 0.58 / 30% Sand with 10% fines (≤ 0.125mm)

Cement paste 251 liter

Fine paste 273 liter

Pumped Concrete340 kg/m3 / w/c= 0.50 / 40% Sand with 10% fines (≤ 0.125mm)



Self Compacting Concrete420 kg/m3 / w/c= 0.42 / 50% Sand with 10% fines (≤ 0.125mm)



→ 250l to 280l fine paste




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Definition paste volume

Lignosulphonates

hig

hWorkability Early strength development

wa

ter

red

uct

ion

low

Melaminesulphonates

Naphthalenesulphonates

Polycarboxylate

DEVELOPMENT IN PCE SUPERPLASTICIZERPCE TECHNOLOGY

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Key Requirements

1st Priority

Water Reduction

Slump Retention

Setting Time

costs

1st Priority as well!

Stability

Robustness

Smoothness

…

DEVELOPMENTS IN PCE SUPERPLASTICIZERSPCE TECHNOLOGY

Water

CH / Ligno

SNF / SMF

PCE

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Ligno Sulphonates

Carbohydrates

Naphthalenes

Melamines

PCE

Vinyl Copolymers

• electrostatic inter particle repulsion

• reduced surface tension

• retarding

• water reduction up to 10%


• better setting behavior





• steric hindrance



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PCE Technology

Polycarboxyl-ether (PCE) are basically built by the following:

carboxyl groups:

determine the absorption behavior

backbone:

determine the water reduction and the workability

side chains:

determine the water reduction and the workability


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Major action mode

Water reduction type PCE’s

Slump retention type PCE’s

Slump controlling type PCE’s

Combinations out of it

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HIGH EARLY STRENGTH

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CONCRETE ADMIXTURE SOLUTIONPCE TECHNOLOGY – BETON KERAS DALAM HITUNGAN JAM

CONCRETE ADMIXTURE SOLUTIONMODE OF ACTION - WATER REDUCER PCE

time

slu

mp

0 5 10 20 30 40 50

CONCRETE ADMIXTURE SOLUTIONMODE OF ACTION - WATER REDUCER PCE

Water Reducers PCE, memiliki karakter pengurangan air yang tinggi

Water reducers PCE, cenderung memiliki slump retensi yang pendek

Water reducers PCE, dapat menghasilkan beton flow tinggi

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Slu

mp

Time

- 25% Water reduction- 90 menit - slump retention

WR

Time

Slump keeper

WR

Water reducer

WR

Time

Slump controller

Time

Target :

Beton High Early Strength

dengan retensi slump hingga 90 menit

Salt & Pepper

Polymer performanceContoh Profil Produk Admixture

CONCRETE ADMIXTURE SOLUTIONPCE TECHNOLOGY – KOMBINASI BEBERAPA TYPE PCE

- Kuat tekan awal tinggi sehingga Proses Steam Curing bisa dihilangkan

- Beton flow tinggi sehingga tidak memerlukan vibrasi

- Pembukaan cetakan lebih cepat, sehingga meningkatkan produktivitas

CASE STUDY 1 - HIGH EARLY STRENGTH

PRECAST - FRANCE

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0

100

200

300

400

500

600

5h 6h 7h 1d 3d 7d 14d 28d

PNS base

PCE base

HIGH EARLY STRENGTH

Demoulding time

accelerated by approx. 2

hours

Concrete casting cycle time

improved to 3 x times a day

Higher ultimate strength

PRECAST - INDONESIA

CASE STUDY 2 - HIGH EARLY STRENGTH

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SLUMP RETENTION

CONCRETE ADMIXTURE SOLUTIONSLUMP RETENTION

2 Different Actions:

Adsorption of the polymer

(backbone) on the cement

grain

Improved workability (side

chain) due to steric hindrance

CONCRETE ADMIXTURE SOLUTIONMODE OF ACTION – SLUMP RETENTION

Mode of action:

time

slu

mp

0 5 20 40 80 100 120

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CONCRETE ADMIXTURE SOLUTIONMODE OF ACTION – SLUMP RETENTION

Slump retention PCE, mampu memperpanjang slump retensi beton

Initial slump cenderung lebih kecil dibandingkan type PCE water reducers

Slump retention PCE, tidak menyebabkan tertundanya pengerasanbeton

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Slu

mp

Time

- 20% Water reduction- 180 menit - slump retention

WR

Time

Slump retention

WR

Water reducer

WR

Time

Slump controller

Time

Target :

Beton High Slump

dengan retensi slump 3 jam lebih

Salt & Pepper

Polymer performanceContoh Profil Produk Admixture

CONCRETE ADMIXTURE SOLUTIONPCE TECHNOLOGY – KOMBINASI BEBERAPA TYPE PCE

Hermitage Plaza Paris France

2 High Rise Buildings: 323m height / 93 floors

9 hours slump retention

High 1 day strength / final strength

CASE STUDY 1 - SLUMP RETENTION

Long pumping distances

Shanghai Financial Tower - China

Mass Foundation Concreting

28000 m3 , continuous placing in 40 hours

Fresh concrete – no bleeding no segregation

Initial slump 20 cm After 2-hours, min. slump 18 cm


Bored Pile Concrete - Indonesia

Travel time approx. 1 hours

6 hours slump retention – 20 ± 2 cm

Concrete setting time 24 – 28 hours

Fresh concrete – no bleeding /segregation

Initial slump 20 cm After 6-hours, slump 18 cm


PENINGKATAN KINERJA PENANGANANKERUSAKAN STRUKTUR BETON

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PENYEBAB KERUSAKAN

• KESALAHAN PERENCANAAN

• KESALAHAN PEMILIHAN MATERIAL

• KESALAHAN PELAKSANAAN

• PENGARUH LUAR

KESALAHAN PELAKSANAAN

PENGARUH LUARTahapan Penanganan Kerusakan :

dilakukan oleh pihak yang

kompeten dan profesional

INVESTIGASI

EVALUASI

PELAKSANAAN

DOWNGRADE

PERBAIKAN

PERKUATAN

BONGKAR

MASA LAYAN

KEBUTUHAN STRUKTUR

URGENSI

KESELAMATAN UMUM

BATASAN-BATASAN :

WAKTU

BIAYA

KEINDAHAN

KEMUDAHAN

PELAKSANAAN

INVESTIGASI

• LOKASI DAN BESARNYA KERUSAKAN

• DATA-DATA STRUKTUR

• KONDISI LINGKUNGAN

• GAMBARAN DARI LOKASI STRUKTUR

PENGAMATAN VISUAL

DOKUMENTASI

TESTING

TESTING

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TESTINGSNI ASTM C805:2012

Metode uji angka pantul beton kerasPengujian dilaksanakan untuk menyelidiki secara cepat suatu area

yang luas dari struktur yang terbuat dari beton, akan tetapi tidak

dimaksudkan sebagai alternatif untuk menetapkan kekuatan beton.

SNI ASTM C597:2012 Metode uji kecepatan rambat gelombang melalui beton

Metode uji ini dimaksudkan sebagai acuan dan pegangan dalam

pengujian kecepatan rambat gelombang melalui beton. Adapun

tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui keseragaman dan mutu beton

relatif, mengindikasi adanya lubang atau retak pada beton dan untuk

evaluasi agar dapat dilakukan perbaikan retak secara efektif.

TESTINGSNI 2847:2013

Persyaratan beton structural untuk gedung

PERBAIKAN PERBAIKANREPAIR APPLICATION PROCEDURE – ACISurface Repair Using Form-and-Pour Techniques (ACI RAP-4)

- What is the purpose of this repair?

- When do I use this technique?

- How do I prepare the surface?

- How do I select the proper repair material?

- What equipment do I need?

- What are the safety considerations?

- Repair procedure

- How do I check the repairs?

PERKUATAN PERKUATAN - FRP ACI 440.2R-17

Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded

FRP systems for strengthening concrete structures

Regangan Design :

Lentur : εfd = 0.41 ≤ 0.9 εfu (NSM : εfd = 0.7 εfu)Geser : Complete wrap : εfe = 0.004 ≤ 0.75 εfu

U wrap and 2 sides : εfe = κv εfu ≤ 0.004

Confinement : Axial murni : εfe = κε εfu (κε = 0.55)

Kombinasi Axial-Momen : εfe = 0.004 ≤ κε εfu (κε = 0.55)

Partial factor reduksi (ψf) :

Lentur : 0.85

Geser : Complete wrap - 0.95

U wrap and 2 sides - 0.85

Confinement : 0.95

εfu = CE εfu*CE : Reduksi Faktor akibat LIngkunan

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Sika HAKI DEBINDO 2019 file4/6/2019 · perkembanganadmixture beton 3 developments in pce...

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