SIGNS OF BREWING

REVOLUTION

SPARKS OF REVOLUTION• Polo y servicio• Bandala/ taxes• Monopolies ( ex. Ilocos- Wine and Tobacco monolopy)• Social Discrimination• Failure of Reforms and Propagandas• Gomburza Execution• Rizal’s Exile

• And MANY MANY MANY MORE ;)

ANDRES BONIFACIO

KATIPUNAN KATAASTAASAN KAGALANG-GALANG NA KATIPUNAN NANG MANGA ANAK

NANG BAYAN

• Failure of reform movement was evident in 1892 but continued until 1896

• Rizal was banished to Dapitan

July 7, 1892- Claro M. Recto Avenue1. Andres Bonifacio

2. Valentin Diaz

3. Teodoro Plata

4. Ladislao Diwa

5. Deodato Arellano

KATIPUNAN OBJECTIVES

POLITICAL OBJECTIVE- works on the separation of the Philippines

from SpainMORAL OBJECTIVE-

teaches good manners, hygiene, good morals and attacking obscurantism, religious fanaticism and weakness of character

CIVIC OBJECTIVE-self-help and defense of the poor and the

oppressed

STRUCTURE OF THE KATIPUNAN

• Process of Recruitment through Triangle Method• Change in member recruitment methodDues:• one real fuerte (twenty-five centavos) Entrance Fee• Medio real (about twelve centavos) Monthly Due

• Influences of Masonry and La Liga Filipina in the structure of Katipunan1. Kataastaasang Sanggunian Supreme Council2. Sangguniang Bayan Provincial Council3. Sangguniang Balangay Popular Council

ADDITIONAL COUNCILS

• Sangguniang Hukuman Judicial Council• It sat as a court of justice to pass judgment on any

member who violated the rules of the society

• Secret Chamber1. Bonifacio2. Jacinto3. Valenzuela

KINDS OF MEMBERSHIP

o Katiponblack hood; on the hood white ribbon with the letters

Z. Ll. B.o Kawal Soldier

green hood with a triangle containing white linesthree angles of the triangle contained Z. Ll. B.

o Bayani Patriot

THE REVOLUTION: FIRST PHASE

RIZAL AND THE REVOLUTION

• Bonifacio commissioned Dr. Pio Valenzuela to confer with

Rizal on June 1896

• Valenzuela visited Dapitan on June 21

• Rizal suggested Antonio Luna to lead all military

operations

PREPARATIONS FOR THE STRUGGLE

• The ENEMY was armed with Remingtons and Mausers• Japanese warship Kongo with Admiral Kanimura anchored

at Manila Bay• Jose Moritaro Tagawa (Japanese employee)

• Tito Miguel and Roman Ramos under Maestranza (arsenal) where the ordinance was located

DISCOVERY OF KATIPUNAN

• Spanish friars denounced the nightly meeting of the Katipuneros

• Patiño exposed the Katipunan to Fr. Mariano Gil• Policarpio Turla in Diario de Manila

• August 23 1896- Sigaw sa Pugadlawin at Balintawak

Surprise attack @ Pasong Tamo (yard of Tandang Sora)

• August 30 Manila attack led by Jacinto and Bonifacio

FIRST SKIRMISHES

• Surprise attacks in Pasong Tamo then moved on to Mariquina then Hagdang Bato• Attack on Manila to be led by Jacinto and Bonifacio did not

happen because of insufficient arms

THE REVOLUTION SPREADS

• South of Manila rebellions• Pasig (thousand men)• Pandakan (400 rebels attacked the church)• San Mateo• Mariquina• Montalban• Etc.

REIGN OF TERROR

• Decree that the provinces of Manila, Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Bulacan, Pampanga, Tarlac and Nueva Ecija are in a state of war and under martial law.• Within 48 hours, the rebels should surrender• Tortured, arrested and jailed.• September 12, Los Trece Matires de Cavite• December 30 Bagumbayan Field

KATIPUNAN IN CAVITE

•MAGDALO• lead by Baldomero Aguinaldo @ Kawit• Attacked the Malabon San Francisco municipal hall Aug

31

•MAGDIWANG• Lead by Mariano Alvarez @ Noveleta

• Lots of uprisings were successful• Gov. Gen Blanco was replaced by Gen. Camilo Polavieja

on December 13, 1896• The Spanish were able to take back the lost territories.• Zapote December 1896, Bonifacio met with Aguinaldo,

Evangellista and other leaders• Magdalo wanted the katipunan to be superseded by

another society• Magdiwang wanted the Katipunan to remain the

government of the revolutionists.

TEJEROS CONVENTION

• March 22, 1897 meeting at Tejeros, Malabon• Bonifacio headed the meeting after a long heated

argument• Republic of the Philippines• President Emilio Aguinaldo• V-President Mariano Trias• Captain General Artemio Ricarte• Director of War Emiliano Riego de Dios• Director of the Interior Andres Bonifacio

2ND TEJEROS CONVENTION

• March 23 Santa Cruz Malabon

• Bonifacio and his men proceeded to Naik and refused to

attend the convention

NAIK MILITARY AGREEMENT

• Bonifacio established another government independent

and separate from the Tejeros government.

• “by persuasion or force”

• 40 men signed the document

TRIAL AND EXECUTION OF BONIFACIO

• Aguinaldo ordered the arrest of Andres Bonifacio

• Skirmish was inevitable, Bonifacio was stabbed in the larynx

• Bonifacion boys were found guilty of treason and sedition

• May 10 Execution of Bonifacio brothers.

• Fernando Prima de Rivera• April 23 Manila•Until May 17, rebels should surrender

BIYAK NA BATO REPUBLIC

• Truce of Biyak na Bato- Pedro A. Paterno• November 18• Celestino Tejeiro and Ricardo Monet as hostages• Aguinaldo and his men in Hong Kong• Suspicion, accusation and arrest