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![Page 1: Signals and Systems M. Rahmati Computer Engineering and Information Technology Department Amir Kabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) rahmati@aut.ac.ir.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649e895503460f94b8d949/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Signals and Systems
M. RahmatiComputer Engineering and Information Technology DepartmentAmir Kabir University of Technology(Tehran Polytechnic)
Spring 1391
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Course organization
Textbook◦ Signals and Systems
Alan V. Oppenheim Alan S. Willsky S. Hamid Nawab
References◦ Fundamentals of Signals and Systems: Using Matlab
Edward W. Kamen and bonnie S. Heck Prentice Hall
◦ Signals and Systems : Continuous and Discrete Ziemer, Trainer, Fannin Macmillon
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Course organization Grading
◦ Homework (20%) Computer Projects
Matlab, Java, C, C++ DO NOT COPY other students’ codes Add Comments to all of your source codes
Written Problems
◦ Tests (70 %) First Exam Midterm (Closed book) Final (Closed Book)
◦ Computer Project
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Course organizationPolicies
◦Attendance◦Late Attendance◦Missing Exams / HW◦Neatness◦INDIVIDUALLY of your works◦NO CELL PHONE
Turn your mobile OFF
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Overall Outline Introduction 1. Signals 2. Systems 3. Continuous-time Fourier Transform 4. Communication Systems 5. Discrete-Time Fourier Transform 6. Sampling 7. Applications of Discrete-Time Signal Processing 8. Fourier Series Representation 9. Laplace Transform 10. Feedback Systems 11. Z-Transform
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What is“Signals & Systems”all about???
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SIGNALS
Signals are functions of independent variables that carry information. For example:
Electrical signals ---voltages and currents in a circuit
Acoustic signals ---audio or speech signals (analog or digital)
Video signals ---intensity variations in an image (e.g. a CAT scan)
Biological signals ---sequence of bases in a gene
..
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Beyond “Signals & Systems”
Signals & systems
Control system
Communication system
Digital Signal
Processing
Analog Electroni
csFPGAs for DSP
Computer Networks
Computer Security
Computer Paradigms
(AI, Neural Net., Etc.
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Some Application Areas
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Five Common Signals & Systems Scenarios:
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Signal Classification :Type of Independent Variable
Time is often the independent variable. Example: the electrical activity of the heart recorded with chest electrodes –– the electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG).
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The variables can also be spatial
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Independent Variable Dimensionality
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Continuous-Time & Discrete-Time
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Our Studies
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THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
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CT Signals
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DT Signals
Our Notation :
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Many human-made DT Signals
Why DT? —Can be processed by modern digital computers and digital signal processors (DSPs).
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Mandrill Example
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Mandrill Example
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Image Processing in Digital Camera
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SYSTEMS For the most part, our view of systems
will be from an input-output perspective:
A system responds to applied input signals, and its response is described in terms of one or more output signals
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EXAMPLES OF SYSTEMS
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SYSTEM INTERCONNECTIOINS
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Real and Complex Signals
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