Upper Extremities Parts Shoulder Girdle Shoulder Joint Elbow Joint Radioulnar Joint Wrist Joint.
Shoulder Joint Review
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Transcript of Shoulder Joint Review
8/10/2019 Shoulder Joint Review
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A Review of the ShoulderMuscles and Their Actions
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Questions• What muscle works closely with the anterior deltoid?• Pectoralis major• What muscle is involved in any lifting movements?• Deltoid
• What is the major (strongest) extensor muscle?• Latissimus Dorsi• Name the four rotator cuff muscles.• Subscapularis, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, and Teres
minor .• What muscle works closely with the infraspinatus?• Teres minor
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Practice – NO NEED• Name the muscles
for Horizontal Adduction
• Pect Major (both)• Corachobrachialis• Deltoid (anterior)
• Name the musclesfor Horizontal
Abduction• Deltoid (post)• Infraspinatus• Teres minor• Lats
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Practice
• List the muscles thatdo flexion of the
shoulder• Coracobrachialis• Pectoralis major
(upper to 60°)• Anterior Deltoid• Biceps short head
• List the muscles thatdo extension of the
shoulder• Latissimus dorsi• Teres major• Posterior deltoid• Pectoralis major
(lower fibers toneutral)
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Practice
• List the muscles thatdo adduction of the
shoulder• Pectoralis major(lower and upperbelow 90°)
• Coracobrachialis• Latissimus dorsi• Teres major
• Subscapularis
List the muscles that doabduction of the
shoulder• Deltoid ( all,middlesections)
• Supraspinatus
• Pectoralis major(upper past 90°)
• Serratus Anterior
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Practice
• List the muscles thatdo internal rotation
of the shoulder• Subscapularis• Latissimus dorsi• Teres major• Anterior deltoid• Pect. major
• List the muscles thatdo external rotation
of the shoulder• Infraspinatus• Teres minor• Posterior deltoid
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Name the muscle.
Coracobrachialis
Name the action
Adduction ofthe shoulder
Also, flexion and hor. add.
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Name the muscle.
Pectoralis Major
Flexion AdductionInternal rotation
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Name the muscle.
Subscapularis
Name the action
Internalrotation of theshoulder
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Name the muscle.
Deltoid
Name the action Ant: flexion, int.rotationMid: AbductionPost:
Extension,externalrotation
Abduction ofshoulder
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Name the muscle.
Infraspinatus
Name the action
Externalrotation
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Name the muscle.
Teres Major
Name the action
Adduction of scapula,extension, adduction,internalrotation
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Name the muscle.
Teres Minor
Name the action if the humerus move directly to the posterior
Extension of the shoulder
ONLY external rotation
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Name the muscle.
Supraspinatus
Name the action
Abduction of the shoulder
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Coracobrachialis Pect. Major
SubscapularisDeltoid
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Supraspinatus Teres Major
InfraspinatusTeres Minor
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What position is his right shoulder in?
Horizontal Abduction andExternal Rotation
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What position are her shoulders in?
Flexion
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1.2.
FlexionExtension
Position of their shoulders?
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What is the position of shoulders?
Extension
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Shoulder Muscle Exercises
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Major Muscles of the Shoulder• Pectoralis major
– Push-ups – Pull-ups – Bench press – Throwing – Tennis serve
• Latissimus dorsi – Chinning – Robe climb – Dips on parallel bars – Pullover exercises – Pulldown exercises
– Rowing
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Shoulder action = ?Shoulder muscle(s) = ? Abduction
DeltoidSupraspinatus
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Shoulder action = ?Shoulder muscle(s) = ?
Flexion
Ant DeltoidUpper Pect Major
Coracobrach.
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Shoulder action = ?Shoulder muscle(s) = ? Horizontal Add.
Ant. DeltoidPect. Major (both)Coracobrachialis
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Shoulder action = ?Shoulder muscle(s) = ? Horizontal Abduction
Latissimus DorsiPost. DeltoidTeres MinorInfraspinatus
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Shoulder action = ?Shoulder muscle(s) = ?
Adduction
Pect. Major (both)Coracobrachialis
Latissimus DorsiTeres Major
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Shoulder action = ?Shoulder muscle(s) = ?
Horizontal Add
Ant. DeltoidPect. Major (both)Coracobrachialis
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Shoulder action = ?Shoulder muscle(s) = ?
Extension Lats Teres MajorPost. Deltoid Pectoralis Major (lower)Infraspinatus Teres minor
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Name a shoulder muscle isolated
with the following exercises.• Side arm dumbbell raises• Deltoid • Push-ups• Pectoralis major• Rowing and pull-overs• Latissimus dorsi
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What is the action to the left? What
muscles perform that action?Internal Rotation
External Rotation
Internal Rotation
Subscapularis, Ant. Deltoid, Pect, Major, Lats. And Teres Major
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Rotator Cuff ExercisesExternal Rotation
External Rotation
Internal Rotation
Abduction (to work the supraspinatus)
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Shoulder Related Injuries
• The shoulder is builtfor motion, not stability
• Injury rate dependson… – Shallowness of glenoid
fossa
– Laxity of ligaments – Strength of muscles
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• Shoulder subluxation – Incomplete or partial dislocation
• Shoulder dislocation – Complete dislocation of the GH joint – Most common anteriorly and inferiorly
• Shoulder separation – Complete dislocation of the AC joint
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Shoulder Dislocation
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Impingement Syndrome
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Rotator cuff• Subscapularis• Supraspinatus• Infraspinatus• Teres minor
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Rotator Cuff Injury
• The throwing motion has been dividedinto five phases: wind-up, cocking,
acceleration, and follow-through.• Cocking phase
– Subscapularis fires in late cocking phase
to decelerate the shoulder's externalrotation. Also, it is stretched during thecocking phase.
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Rotator Cuff Injury• Follow-through (muscles fire most
intensely) – Subscapularis internally rotates the shoulder, – The infraspinatus and teres minor contract
eccentrically to decelerate the arm and arestretched.
• During this repetitive eccentric loading, the
rotator cuff is prone to overload, fatigue,tendinitis, and even a partial undersurfacetear.
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Note: Surgery needsto be performed
within 3 months orthe supraspinatusmuscle will atrophyand be too short toreattach
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Glenoid Labrum
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Labral Tear
• The glenoid cavity makes up the “socket” of the shoulder joint.
• The labrum acts sort of like a gasket, turning the flatsurface of the glenoid into a deeper socket that molds tothe head of the humerus for a better fit.
• A tear of labrum can cause pain and a ca tch ing sensation with movement of the shoulder.
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Labral Tear
• Most labral tears are probably the result of an injury to theshoulder, such as falling on an outstretched hand.• There is reason to believe that the excess motion of the
humerus moving around on the glenoid may causedamage to the labrum over time.
• An unstable shoulder may also cause injury to the labrum,if it repeatedly dislocates out of the glenoid.