Should the US government punish Southern states? Why?

If so, how harshly should they be punished?

Warm Up

Three main problems

Reintegrating the South

Define the role and acceptable power of former Confederates

Determine the role of the freedmen

Determine which branch of government would be responsible for overseeing reconstruction

Lincoln’s Plan Johnson’s PlanCongress’ Plan

Congressional Reconstruction OR Radical Reconstruction

Reconstruction Plans

}PresidentialPlans

AKA the 10% PLANAnnounced in Dec. 1863Required 10% of white men to swear

allegiance (loyalty) to the constitution and the Union

States could form a new state gov’t

Lincoln's Plan

Plan included emancipation of slavesFormer Confederates CAN run local gov’ts10% plan allowed full participation in Union

Lincoln's Plan

“Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.”

13th Amendment

Did not punish the South!!Republicans thought Lincoln was too soft

No role for freedmen identifiedNo guarantee of rights or future rights

Problems with Lincoln's Plan

Too Easy? Just Right?

YOU DECIDE!

Southern DemocratKnown as a “War Democrat”

Former slave ownerHad only been VP for ~1

month

Johnson's Plan

Granted AMNESTY (forgiveness) to former Confederates who signed a loyalty oathExcept to wealthy plantation owners

Restored all property, except slaves and confiscated lands

Johnson's Plan

Voided secession laws and ratified the 13th Amendment

Cancelled war debtsVetoed est. of Freedman’s Bureau

1865Provide food, clothing, hospitals, legal

protection, & education for former slaves

Johnson's Plan

More lenient than Lincoln!Amnesty only awarded to some southernersDid not move to help African-Americans

Johnson’s plan was strongly opposed by Congress

Problems with Johnson's Plan

Led by Radical RepublicansAKA Radical Reconstruction

1866: passed the Civil Rights ActVetoed by Pres. Johnson

Bypasses Pres. Johnson and issues Reconstruction Act of 1867State gov’ts declared illegal

Congressional Reconstruction

South divided into 5 military districts

Congressional Reconstruction

Congressional ReconstructionStates must adopt a constitution

guaranteeing all male citizens the right to vote

Elect a new governmentRatify the 14th amendment (no white

southerner who served as Conf. soldier/official could vote on new constitutional amendment)

Ratify the 15th amendment

IMPEACHMENT!!!

“All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside.”

14th Amendment

“The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”

15th Amendment