SHORT MESSAGING SYSTEM (SMS) REMINDER FOR CAR ALARM

ALERT SYSTEM

IYLIA SHALEEN BINTI ISMAIL

This report is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award

of Bachelor of Electronic Engineering (Telecommunication Electronics) With

Honours

Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering

Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

April 2010

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UNIVERSTI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRONIK DAN KEJURUTERAAN KOMPUTER

BORANG PENGESAHAN STATUS LAPORAN

PROJEK SARJANA MUDA II

Tajuk Projek : SMS Reminder For Car Alert Alarm System Sesi Pengajian : 2009/2010

Saya IYLIA SHALEEN BINTI ISMAIL mengaku membenarkan Laporan Projek Sarjana Muda ini disimpan di Perpustakaan dengan syarat-syarat kegunaan seperti berikut: 1. Laporan adalah hakmilik Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka.

2. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja.

3. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan laporan ini sebagai bahan pertukaran antara institusi

pengajian tinggi.

4. Sila tandakan ( √ ) :

SULIT*

(Mengandungi maklumat yang berdarjah keselamatan atau kepentingan Malaysia seperti yang termaktub di dalam AKTA RAHSIA RASMI 1972)

TERHAD* (Mengandungi maklumat terhad yang telah ditentukan oleh

organisasi/badan di mana penyelidikan dijalankan)

TIDAK TERHAD

Disahkan oleh:

__________________________ ___________________________________ (TANDATANGAN PENULIS) (COP DAN TANDATANGAN PENYELIA)

Alamat Tetap: No. 19, Jalan P11F/18, Presint 11, 62250 Putrajaya, W.P. Putrajaya

Tarikh: Tarikh:

√

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“I hereby declared this report is result of my own work except for quotes as cited

clearly in the references.”

Signature : ……………………………………..

Name : IYLIA SHALEEN BINTI ISMAIL

Date : …………………………………….

iv

“I hereby declare that I have read this report and in my opinion this report is

sufficient in terms of the scope and quality for the award of Bachelor of Electronic

Engineering (Telecomunication Electronics) with Honours.”

Signature : ……………………………….……….

Supervisor’s Name : MR. ABD. SHUKUR BIN JA’AFAR

Date : ………………………………………...

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Dedicated to my beloved family especially my father and mother

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, I would like to praise ALLAH SWT for His blessing. He

gave me physical and mental strength to carry on my final year project up to

completion.

I also would like to express gratitude and thanks to my supervisor, Mr Abd

Shukur bin Ja’afar for his support, encouragement, guidance, advice and unfailing

patience throughout the duration of the project. His encouragement and guidance are

truly appreciated. Otherwise, this project has not been possible. I have learnt a lot

under his guidance, be it practicaly or theoritically.

I would like to thank my beloved mum, dad and all family members for their

encouragement and never ending support. Their support and lovely companionship is

another important source of strength for me. Without their devoted love and

sacrifices, none of this would have been possible.

Other than that, I am also grateful to all my lovely friends especially for

Norhidayah, Nor Hasrimin, Vijayan Kanasabai and others who really help me out

and giving me opinions along implementation of this project.

Finally, I would like to offer thanks and deepest gratitute from the bottom of

my heart for all the supports, encouragement and inspirations I obtained throughout

the duration of this project. The help rendered to me priceless, be it from the smallest

of its kind to the largest.

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ABSTRACT

Year by year, stolen car cases is increasing rapidly here in Malaysia.

Statistics released by the police revealed that 5,920 Proton cars were stolen between

January and October last year. As a car’s owner, a security system is needed to

protect our car from dangers. There is no way to totally eliminate the car theft, but

there are still ways to prevent cars from being stolen and being broke. Hence, A SMS

Reminder for Car Alert Alarm System is created as an approach to protect our car.

This system is a security system that is designed to protect and alert the user on

certain happening that need prompt attention to the car. When any sensor of car

alarm system activates, this module will forms SMS to inform the car’s owner. This

project is design by using a transmitter, which transmit signals to another device that

is the receiver that link with control system which defined as PIC microcontroller.

The alarm will arm and it will sample its voltage then transmits it to PIC

microcontroller. The Micro C Compiler programming can be used to monitor and

transmit controlling signals to the modem by connecting a serial communication port

RS232 between GSM modem and the hardware. AT command is used to control the

function of the modem.

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ABSTRAK

Tahun demi tahun, kes kecurian kereta semakin meningkat secara mendadak

di Malaysia. Statistik yg dikeluarkan oleh pihak polis mendedahkan bahawa

sebanyak 5,920 kereta dari jenama Proton telah dicuri sepanjang bulan Januari

sehingga bulan Oktober tahun lepas. Sebagai pemilik kereta, kita perlukan satu

sistem sekuriti untuk melindungi kereta daripada sebarang ancaman. Kita tidak boleh

menyelesaikan permasalahan ini secara menyeluruh, tetapi masih ada pelbagai cara

untuk melindungi kereta. SMS Reminder for Car Alert Alarm System merupakan

sistem yang dicipta sebagai langkah untuk melindungi kereta dari sebarang ancaman.

Sistem ini adalah sistem sekuriti yang melindungi dan memberitahu pemilik kereta

tentang sebarang kejadian pada kereta yang perlu diberi perhatian sewajarnya.

Apabila penderia pada sistem penggera kereta diaktifkan, modul ini akan

memaparkan sistem SMS untuk memberitahu kepada pemilik kereta. Projek ini

direka menggunakan pemancar yang memancarkan isyarat kepada penerima, yang

berhubung dengan sistem kontrol yang dikenali sebagai mikropengawal. Apabila

litar penggera berbunyi, ia akan mengesan voltan untuk dihantar kepada

mikropengawal. Perkakasan dihubungkan kepada GSM modem melalui perisian

Micro C Compiler aturcara bergrafik dengan menggunakan kabel serial

communication RS232 di mana ia dapat digunakan untuk memapar dan meghantar

isyarat kawalan kepada modem. AT Commands merupakan satu kod isyarat kawalan

yang membolehkan modem tersebut berfungsi.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER CONTENTS PAGE

PROJECT TITLE i

BORANG PENGESAHAN STATUS LAPORAN ii

STUDENT’S DECLARATION iii

SUPERVISOR’S DECLARATION iv

DEDICATION v

ACKNWOWLEDGEMENT vi

ABSTRACT vii

ABSTRAK viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ix

LIST OF TABLES xiii

LIST OF FIGURES xiv

LIST OF ABBREVIATION xvi

LIST OF APPENDIX xvii

I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Project Objective 2

1.3 Problem Statement 2

1.4 Scope of Project 3

1.5 Project Methodology 3

1.6 Report structure 4

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II LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction 6

2.2 Introduction to SMS 7

2.2.1 Benefits of SMS 8

2.2.2 SMS Applications 10

2.2.3 SMS Protocols 11

2.2.4 Packet Data Transfer 12

2.2.5 What is GSM (Global System for Mobile

Communication) Network? 13

2.2.4 GSM Network structure 13

2.2.4.1 Mobile Station 14

2.2.4.2 Base station Subsystem 14

2.2.4.3 Network Subsystem 15

2.2.4.4 GPRS Core Network 15

2.2.5 Overview of the GSM’s SMS 15

2.3 MikroC Compiler 16

2.3.1 MikroC Features 16

2.3.2 MikroC Function Libraries 17

2.4 Microcontroller P16F871 18

2.4.1 Device Overview 20

2.4.2 Microcontroller Core Features 21

2.4.3 Peripheral Features 22

2.4.4 Memory Organization 23

2.4.5 Advantages of pic16f871 24

2.5 GSM Modem 24

2.5.1 Features 26

2.5.2 Benefits 26

2.5.3 Applications 26

2.6 Installation of GSM Modem 27

2.7 AT Commands Interface 27

2.7.1 HyperTerminal 30

2.8 Serial Communication Interface 30

2.9 RS232 Serial Port 31

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2.10 SK40C – Enhanced 40 pins PIC start–up kit 33

2.10.1 SK40C additional features 34

2.10.2 Board Layout 34

2.10.3 UART to Microcontroller 35

2.11 MAX232 36

2.12 Toggle Switch 38

2.13 Magnetic Contact Sensor 39

III PROJECT METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction 41

3.2 Overall Flow Chart 42

3.3 SMS Reminder for Car Alarm Alert System Block 44

Diagram

3.3.1 Software flow Chart for this project 45

3.3.2 How it works? 46

3.4 Hardware Development 46

3.4.1 Configuration HyperTerminal for Modem 47

3.4.2 MAX232 to RS232 development 49

3.4.3 SK40C cytron board to MAX232 interfacing 50

3.4.4 Prototype designation 51

3.5 Software Development 53

3.5.1 Programming using MikroC Compiler 53

3.5.2 Program the PIC16F871 54

IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Results 55

4.2 Project Result 55

4.2.1. Overall Schematic 56

4.2.2. Overall Circuit 57

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4.2.3 Project testing 58

4.3 Discussion 62

V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 Conclusion 64

5.2 Recommendation 65

REFERENCES 67

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LIST OF TABLES

NO TITLE PAGE

2.1: SMS Message status 12

2.2 AT Command Set 29

2.3 AT Command Set 29

2.4 Board Layout function 33

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LIST OF FIGURES

NO TITLE PAGE

1.1 General Flowchart of the Project 4

2.1 The structure of a GSM network 14

2.2 Basic building blocks of a computer 19

2.3 A microcontroller based system 19

2.4 PIC16F877 pin diagram 20

2.5 PIC16F877 block diagram 21

2.6 PIC16F871 Program Memory Map and Stack 23

2.7 GSM Modem 24

2.8 RS232 cable 31

2.9 Pin Connection DB9 female 32

2.10 SK40C – Enhanced 40 pins PIC start–up kit 33

2.11 SK40C Board Layout 34

2.12 SK40C is interface to SKPS 36

2.13 MAX232 interfaces with RS232 and PIC Microcontroller 37

2.14 Toggle Switches 38

2.15 Magnetic Contact Sensor 39

2.16 Installation Magnetic contact sensor on the door or windows 39

2.17 Magnetic Contact with NC and NO contact 40

3.1 Flowchart of the Project 42

3.2 Block Diagram of SMS Reminder for Car Alarm Alert System 44

3.3 Flow Chart of this project 45

3.4 How is the system works? 46

3.5 Screenshot of HyperTerminal's Connection Description dialog box 47

3.6 The screenshot of HyperTerminal's Connect to dialog box. 48

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3.7 The screenshot of HyperTerminal's Properties dialog box 48

3.8 The screenshot of HyperTerminal's main window 49

3.9 Front view of MAX232 and RS232 connector 49

3.10 The connection of MAX232 and RS232 connector 50

3.11 MAX232 and SK40C interfacing 50

3.12 MAX232 and SK40C interfacing schematic 51

3.13 The car model 52

3.14 Magnetic Sensor at the car door. 52

3.15 Toggle Switch at the car boot 52

3.16 9V Power supply 53

3.17 Example programming for this project 54

4.1 The Overall Hardware 56

4.2 Project Schematic 56

4.3 Project overall circuit 57

4.4 Simcard slot at GSM Modem 58

4.5 The Overall Hardware 58

4.6 Connect the battery to circuit 59

4.7 Green LED light is ON 59

4.8 Car Door Opened 60

4.9 RB7 LED is ON 60

4.10 SMS notification when the car door is opened 61

4.11 Car Boot Opened 61

4.12 RB6 LED is ON 62

4.13 SMS notification when the car boot is opened 62

5.1 Vibration Sensor of the car 65

4.9 Car security GPS tracking 66

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LIST OF ABBREVIATION

GSM - Global System for Mobile

SMS - Short Message Service

PWM - Pulse Width Modulation

I/O - Input/ Output

USB - Universal Serial Bus

UART - Universal Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter

SIM Subscriber Identity Module

IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

LAN Local Area Network

WAN Wireless Area Network

RAM Random-access memory

ROM Read-only memory

LED Light emitting Diode

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LIST OF APPENDIX

NO TITLE

A SK40C – Enhanced 40 Pins PIC Start-up kit User manual

B MOD 9001D RS232 GSM/GPRS Modem User Manual

C Programming for this project by MikroC Compiler

D Gant Chart for PSM 1

E Gant Chart for PSM 2

F Technical Paper

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

This chapter will give a basic introduction to how the idea of this project

generated. The chapter contains introduction, objective of the project, problem

statement, scopes of work, brief methodology, and report structure.

1.1 Introduction

A car alert alarm system using short messaging system (SMS) is a security

system that is designed to protect and alert the user on certain happening that need

prompt attention to the car. This system is collaborated with sensor that is electronic

device used to sense signal at a particular situation. When these situations occur, the

sensor will transmit the signal to the GSM modem/ user‟s mobile phones. Users can

make prompt attention to overcome the problem.

This module is applied for transferring of GSM SMS message to the user‟s

mobile phone. The module is used for car protection in combination with the vehicle

security system. When any sensor of car alarm system is activated, this module

forms SMS message about the car alarm system and transmit it immediately to user

mobile phone.

2

In general, the project is fully hardware configuration and categorized into

two parts: electronic and telecommunication area involved, where each carries 40%

and 60% of the overall project respectively. This project is consists of a transmitter,

which transmit signals to another device which is the receiver that link with control

system which defined as PIC microcontroller. The alarm will arm and it will sample

its voltage then transmits it to PIC microcontroller. The Micro C Compiler

programming can be used to monitor and transmit controlling signals to the modem

by connecting a serial communication port RS232 between GSM modem and the

hardware. AT command is used to control the function of the modem.

SMS Reminder for Car Alert Alarm System is designed for the cars‟ owner

to keep an eye on their car from any harm. Stolen car cases are increasing rapidly

here in Malaysia. Besides that, the news about stolen laptops from the car is

increasing day by day.

The project will be done is related to Short Message Service (SMS). The

project aim is design a SMS Reminder for Car Alert Alarm System.

1.2 Project Objective

The main purposed of this project are to design an SMS Reminder for Car

Alert Alarm System. Therefore, the objectives as below should be achieved.

I. To design an alarm alert system that is capable to help user handles and

manages the safety of their car.

II. To develop an SMS Reminder Alert system by using PIC microcontroller

that is connected to the GSM module with RS232 connector.

1.3 Problem Statement

Several important aspects of alert system problem should be acknowledged

and need an in-depth research in order to understand the problems:

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I. The rapid rise of cases of the car being burgled by the unauthorized

users. These situations are excessively happen when the users park their

car at some dangerous place or unauthorized parking

II. When the car‟s user is far from their car, they would not know if their car

is alarming. Hence, that is why this car alarm alert system is proposed to

prompt the user by using short messaging service (SMS).

1.4 Scope of Project

As we are concern with scopes of work while doing the project, so it must be

create properly. The Scope of work as listed below:

I. Study on the PIC microcontroller & the control system of the circuit

II. Study on the application of the GSM modem

III. To construct & develop the model of the circuit design (hardware)

1.5 Project Methodology

I. Project Planning

II. Literature Review

III. Software Design and Circuit Construction

IV. PIC interfacing to the data transfer from RS232

V. Car Alarm system circuit design

VI. Perform Analysis

4

Figure 1.1: General Flowchart of the Project

1.6 Report Structure

This report is documentary delivering the ideas generated, concepts applied,

activities done, and finally the product of project itself. It consists of 5 chapters that

will explain and discuss more details about this project.

Circuit Testing

End

YES

Start

Literature Review

Circuit design

Software Simulation: OK?

Hardware development

YES

NO

NO

Select and do the study on PIC16877, GSM Module,

and car Alarm System

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The first chapter gives a basic introduction to how the idea of this project

generated. The chapter contains introduction, objectives of the project, problem

statement, scopes of work, brief methodology, and report structure.

Chapter two explained the literature review in theoretical concepts applied in

this project. In this part, there are some details about the background knowledge of

mikroC Compiler, the best PIC microcontroller for this project, what is GSM

Modem and applications of others component. Literature review will produce

overall structure of this Short Messaging System (SMS) Reminder For Car Alert

Alarm System.

Chapter three introduces the methodology of the project. Project

methodology give details about the method used to solve problem to complete the

project. The chapter contains the flow chart which explains the overall method taken

along the project carry out. Besides that, this chapter also introduces the construction

of the project, which involves hardware development and software development.

Basically, the hardware development for the project concludes the study of AT

commands for GSM modem, block diagram design, and prototype for car alert alarm

system. Besides, the software development of this project will discuss on the

programming, how to use Micro C Compiler and how to implement it on this

project.

Chapter four will be covered all the results form designing process. It will

also include a discussion about the project. The chapter concludes with discussion

on the hardware and software development of this project.

Chapter five will be the conclusion of the PSM project. The chapter

concludes with some recommendation that can be implemented in the future.

CHAPTER II

LITERATURE REVIEW

This chapter explained the theoretical concepts applied in this project. The

chapter concludes the background study of Short Messaging System (SMS)

Reminder for Car Alert Alarm System. The best PIC microcontroller for this project,

GSM Modem and applications of others component are explained in this chapter.

Information from the literature review are very important as the background of my

project, Short Messaging System (SMS) Reminder for Car Alert Alarm System.

2.1 Introduction

There have been many researches about the concept and implementation of

this SMS Reminder for car alert alarm system. Literature reviews are based in

information obtained from valid sources such as books, articles of relevance,

published paper or any other source deemed appropriate. One of the more famous

sources for literature reviews from IEEE, denoting the Institute of Electrical and

Electronics Engineers which is based in New York, USA. The forms literature

include standars of practice, proceeding paper or conference paper such as those

from Power Engineering Conference.

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2.2 Introduction to SMS

SMS appreared on the wireless scene in 1991 in Europe. The European

standard for digital wireless, now known as the Global System for Mobile

Communications (GSM), included short messaging services from the outset [14].

In North America, SMS was made available initially on digital wireless

networks built by early pioneers such as BellSouth Mobility, PrimeCo, and Nextel,

among others. These digital wireless networks are based on GSM, code division

multiple access (CDMA), and time division multiple access (TDMA) standards.

Network consolidation from mergers and acquisitions has resulted in large wireless

networks having nationwide or international coverageand sometimes supporting

more than one wireless technology.

These new classes of service provider‟s demands network-grade products

that can easily provide a uniform solution, enable ease of operation and

administration, and accomodate existing subscriber capacity, message throughput,

future growth, and services reliably. Short messaging service centre (SMSC)

solutions based on an intelligent network (IN) approach are well suited to satisfy

these requirements, while adding all the benefits of IN implementations.

SMS provides a mechanism for transmitting short messages to and from

wireless devices. The service makes use of an SMSC, which acts as a store-and-

forward system for short messages. The wireless network provides the mechanisms

required to find the destinations station(s) and transports short messages between the

SMSCs and wireless stations.

In contrast to other existing text-messages transmission services such as

alphamumeric paging, the service elements are designed to provide guaranteed

delivery of text messages to the destination. Additionally, SMS supports several

input mechanisms that allow interconnection with different message sources and

destinations.