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Short introduction to the JRC and Overview of Nuclear (Security) Activities

Ispra, Italy September 14°°°° 2015

W. Janssens

Head of Unit Nuclear SecurityInstitute for Transuranium Elements

Joint Research CentreEuropean Commission

Commissioner for Education, Culture, Youth and Sport

Tibor Navracsics

PresidentJean-Claude JUNCKER

27 Commission Members (7 Vice Presidents and 20

Commissioners)

DG Education and CultureDirector-GeneralVladimír Šucha

Joint Research Centre

JRC in the Commission

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JRC’s Mission and Role

Direct research:

JRC is the European Commission's in-house science

service and the only DG executing direct research to

provide science advice to EU policy.

… is to provide EU policies with independent, evidence-based scientific and technical

support throughout the whole policy cycle.

Serving society, stimulating innovation, supporting legislation

JRC Institutes

• IRMM – Geel, Belgium

Institute for Reference Materials and

Measurements

• ITU – Karlsruhe, Germany, and Ispra, Italy

Institute for Transuranium Elements

• IET – Petten, The Netherlands, and Ispra, Italy

Institute for Energy and Transport

• IPSC – Ispra, Italy

Institute for the Protection and Security of the

Citizen

• IES – Ispra, Italy

Institute for Environment and Sustainability

• IHCP – Ispra, Italy

Institute for Health and Consumer Protection

• IPTS – Seville, Spain

Institute for Prospective Technological Studies

• Established 1957

• 7 institutes in 6 locations

• About 3000 staff

• About 1500 scientific publications per year

• Budget: €393 million annually,

•plus €73 million earned income

JRC at a glance

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The JRC contribution to the EU Policy Cycle

• Compliance checks

• Independent

verification

• Anti-fraud measures

Policy implementation

• Preparation of science

based policy options

• Modelling

Policy formulation

• Science advice

• Standards, incl.

reference materials,

measurements and

methods

Policy adoption

• Effectiveness and

impact assessment

Policy evaluation

• Crisis response

Ad-hoc policy supportJRC

• Agenda-setting

• Horizon scanning

• Foresight

Policy anticipation

JRC addresses the full policy cycle

• Single market: growth, jobs and innovation

• Low-carbon economy and resource efficiency (environment, climate change, energy, transport)

• Agriculture and global food security

• Public health, safety and security

• Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)

• Nuclear safety and security

JRC priorities in Horizon 2020

JRC Priorities

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https://connected.cnect.cec.eu.int/docs/DOC-46542

The JRC-Institute for Transuranium Elements

JRC-ITU’s prime objectives:

� serve as a reference centre for the fundamental properties of nuclear materials

� to contribute towards effective safety and safeguards systems for the nuclear fuel cycle

� to enhance nuclear security

� and to study technological and medical applications of radionuclides.

Budget : about 50 Meuro/year

Personnel : 300 KRH (D), 75 Ispra (IT)

Founded in 1963 in Karlsruhe

Bild Ispra ?

Ispra Nuclear Security Unit

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JRC – ITU: core competences

NUCLEAR SAFETY and NUCLEAR SECURITY

Safety of nuclear fuel

cycle / Nuclear waste /

Environment

Exploratory/Discovery Research

Reference Centre for policy makers, stakeholders and citizens

in the nuclear field

Training & Education

Scientific Excellence:

Fundamental properties & Applications

Nuclear safeguards,

Non-Proliferation

&security

Surface Science

Solid State NMR

Hot cells (24)

Minor Actinide

laboratory

Transmission electron microscopy

Thermophysics & Thermodynamics

JRC-ITU: Unique facilities and equipment

Large Geometry secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS)

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EEAS

Major Nuclear Security Actors & JRC connections

X

EURATOMRome treaty 1957

Chapter VII on nuclear safeguards

JRC(Joint Research

Centre) Nuclear Security

R&D, T&S support

DG HOMEEU CBRN

action plan

DG DEVCO

Instrument for Stability & Peace / Nuclear Safety

UN agency, 1957 Safeguards and

VerificationNon proliferation, Additional protocol

Nuclear Security / IEC

EU Member States

DG-ENERGYNuclear

Energy and Safeguards

Other DG’s

TRADETAXUD

X

Policy / Decisions

Common Foreign Security Policy

Instruments

Instrument for Nuclear Safety Coop..

Instrument for Stability

Instrument for Pre-Accession

Council Joint Actions (with IAEA)

CBRN Action Plan (inner EU)(Prevention / Detection / Response)

European Security Strategy -2003

EU strategy against proliferation of WMD - 2003

New Lines for Action in combatingthe proliferation of WMD - 2008

EU Nuclear Security policy & instruments

Communication on nuclear non-proliferation from Commission To Council and European Parliament – March 26th 2009

Council Regulation 428/2009on export control / dual use

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•control over radioactive sources (e.g. staff awareness; import/export; security categorisation)

•exchange of information (e.g. reporting loss/theft of to law enforcement; early warning)

•physical protection of sources (e.g. security vetting of personnel; transport; insider threats)

Prevention

•scenario development on the use of detection technologies

•criminal investigations on stolen/lost sources

•Enhancing awareness among first line officers on what to look for

•Certification, testing and trialling schemes; and standardisation

Detection

•national response plans

•nuclear forensics

•communication and cleanup

•exchange of information among the organisations

•Involved/cross-border cooperation

Response

•Training

Horizontal areas

Key issues for the Internal EU RN sub-group of the CBRN Task Force

EU external borders- 11,400km land border - 75,000 km coastline

- 1,792 external border crossings

Instrument for Peace and Stability : Outside EU

Type of activities with indicative figures of the available budget

•CBRN Centre of Excellence (CoE) €25-30 million

•Illicit Trafficking €12-14 million

•Bio-safety and Bio-security €14-18 million

•Export control (LTP) €6-10 million

•Redirection of Scientists €27-33 million

•MNA €20-25 million

•Expert Support Facility €6 million

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Nuclear Security activities : conceptual

X

X Waste

Facility & State analysis

Nuclear Security at JRC

Effective and EfficientSafeguards

VerificationAbsence of

Undeclared Activities

NuclearNon

Proliferation

Combating Illicit

Trafficking

TRAINING & EDUCATION European Nuclear Security Training Centre Promotion /Dissemination of EU‘s highest Safety/Security standards

• Nuclear material

measurements

• Reference materials

• Containment &

Surveillance

• Process monitoring

• On-site laboratories

• Export control

• Trade analysis

• Non-proliferation

studies

• Trace & particle analysis

• In-field tools for

investigative inspector

• Reference materials

• Equipment development

• Testing & validation

• Nuclear forensics

• Nuclear preparedness

• National response plan

• CBRN, IfS, …

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Monitoring of radioactivity in the environment

REMdb Euratom Art 36 data base: (LEGAL OBLIGATION = LO)On-line database that contains the environmental monitoring data from EU27 and

serves as basis to produce the “Monitoring Reports”.

EANR European Atlas of Natural Radiation:Atlas focussed on indoor radon (BSS 2013: radon action plan), but also covers information on

the components contributing to the natural background

ECURIE European Community Urgent Radiological Information Exchange: (LO)The official early notification system of the Commission. REM develops the software and

provides maintenance, training and technical assistance in case of exercise/emergency

EURDEP EUropean Radiological Data Exchange Platform: (LO)complementary to ECURIE, it continuously provides results from the automatic early warning

networks in Europe (37 countries); intense collaboration with IRMIS (IAEA)

CBRN Local atmospheric dispersion modelling (CBRN threats)possibly expand towards equipment standardisation / measurement protocols (i.e. lab work)

EPR Proposal made for JRC Emergency Preparedness & Response ClusterRegional feasibility study started in South-East Asia on EPR (+IAEA)

1711 November 2015

Nuclear safeguards & security facilities on the Ispra site

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Training and Education

IAEA and DG ENER inspector training- Neutron, Gamma, Mass/volume,DIV, Audit, Statistics

Nuclear Forensics& Border GuardsTraining

Virtual Reality Development

ESARDA SFG and NP Course withENEN recognition (5 day programme)

Integrated training for Second Line of Defence ActivitiesEU-SECTRA: Security Education and Training Centre

Nuclear security training centre : Ispra+KRHfor IAEA, US-DoE, DG DEVCO + DG HOME

20 Hands-

on courses in the last 2 years

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Nuclear Security: Equipment testing : ITRAP+10 in parallel with US

Family of equipment Standards Reference

RPM for Vehicles (Radiation Portal Monitors) IEC 62244 + IAEA NSS1 (2006 & Rev.1)

SRPM (Spectrometric Radiation Portal Monitors) IEC 62484-FDIS + IEC 6224 + IAEA NSS1 (2006 & Rev.1)

PRD (Personal Radiation Detectors) IEC 62401-FDIS + IAEA NSS1 2006

SPRD (Spectrometric Personal Radiation Detectors)

ANSI N42.48

RID (RadioIsotope IDentifier) IEC 62327 + IAEA NSS1 (2006 & Rev.1)

GSD (highly sensitive Gamma Search Detectors) IEC 62533

NSD (highly sensitive Neutron Search Detectors) IEC 62534-FDIS

PRS (Portable Radiation Scanners – Backpack type) ANSI N42.43 + IEC 62327 +IAEA NSS1 Rev.1

JRC International collaborations on Nuclear Safeguards and Security

ESARDA European Safeguards Research and Development AssociationExists over 40 years ; 30 EU and intl. members ; 10 Working Groups“operated” by JRC (secretary, web-sites, scientific life, WG lead)

IAEA Support programme (>30 years), currently > 40 nuclear safeguards tasksSupport to IAEA office of nuclear security (Detection, Training, Education)Collaboration with IEC (and possibly in future with NA)

USA US DOE: Safeguards Cooperation Agreement (incl. DG ENER): > 15 tasks Extended towards nuclear security (new agreement signed October 2010)US DOE NNSA: coordination of Second Line of Defence Activities (incl. IAEA)US DNDO: Collaboration on ITRAP+10 project

IAEA & US DoE BMWG (Border Monitoring Working Group). Coordination of projects border related –High relevance for 2012/2014/2016 Nuclear Security Summit (+ GICNT/GP/1540..)

CANADA cooperation in the PR&PP (Canada co-chairing GIF Expert Group)

RF and CIS TACIS/IfS projects in the area of Nuclear safeguards, non-proliferation, nuclear security

JAPAN Cooperation Agreement comprising nuclear safeguards and collaboration in trainingArgentina-Brazil

S.E. Asia New : safeguards, security, CBRN Regional training centre, new EPR project etcAfricaM. East

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The Network

Regional Secretariats

EU Member StatesCBRN Experts &

Facilities

Communicate/CooperateDevelop/Implement

ProjectsRabat Algiers

Amman

Tbilisi

Manila

• Have National Focal Points from 30 countries

• National CBRN Teams ≈ 250

NFP

NFP

NFPNFP

NFP

NFP

NFP

NFP

NFP

NFP

Customs

Legal office

Ministry of Defence

Internal Security

Ministry of Finance

Ministry of Health

Ministry of Environment

Ministry of Industry

Home Affairs

Police

Academia

Emergency Services

Etc.etc……

National CBRN Team

National CBRN Team National CBRN Team

National CBRN Team

National CBRN Team

National CBRN Team

National CBRN Team

National CBRN Team

National CBRN Team

National CBRN Team

National CBRN Team

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Example of previous InSC/Ifs experienceOngoing Nuclear Security projects

Willem JanssensJRC-ITU-E0821020 Ispra (VA)ITALY

Tel : +39/0332/78.99.39Email : willem.janssens@ec.europa.eu

Thank you !