SHiFT 2010, Lisbon: Personal Fabrication
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Transcript of SHiFT 2010, Lisbon: Personal Fabrication
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Personal FabricationErik de BruijnSiert Wijnia
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Personal Fabrication,RepRapderivatives
and enablers of open hardware
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Two categorieshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g8SewJ2lyf4
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But, that is just content! What about real innovation?
What is innovation?
My definition:Invention + Diffusion
diffusion can occur through commercialization...
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fab@home
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What's theRepRap?
A "3D printer"or
"object fabricator"
Prints in (bio)plastics(currently)
Makes objects on-demand of arbitrary
shape.
Movie / Demo
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Nature
• Grows
• Regenerates
(heals)
• Evolves
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Reprap Darwin - version 1.0
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Reprap Mendel - version 2.0
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RepRap version 3.0?
Video
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Self assembly
Download: www.thingiverse.com/thing:978
RepRap version 4.0?
Video
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RepRap
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Evolving mechanics
Print yourself: 50 cents vs. 88 euros commercially
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Reprap Stepper Driver version 1.2)Q2 2008
Version 2.3Q1 2009
Evolving electronics
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Parametric design(OpenSCAD)
Evolving software
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Parametric design(OpenSCAD)
Evolving software
thingiverse.com/thing:591
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Evolving output quality
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Evolving output quality
2006 2008
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New materials & scales
Pottery 2.0
Grootschaliger printenComplete meubels
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Digital pottery
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Evolving infrastructure Thingiverse
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Evolving infrastructure
Thingiverse
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Collaboration
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"Physical content-reuse"
• ArduinoPopular open source microcontroller tool chain
• SanguinoArduino compatiblesystem created for the RepRap project
• Now used in dozens of other projects!
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Hybrid between project and company
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Apple Acquires Makerbot
Introducing the:
iMake
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Apple Acquires Makerbot
Sorry, that hasn't happened (yet)
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The story
[graph]2008 sales of all additive manufacturing
entire market:~ 5000 units
(Source: Wohlers Report 2009)
Half a years' sales of Makerbot:~250 units
Run by ~ 3 people. Scaling very well.
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User innovationin open source, commercial products
• Their 'customers' are modifying and improving 'their' product,
• adding extensions, • making software tools, • generating printable content,• testing materials,• trying out innovative applications
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Conventional Making• Mostly inefficient.• Quality is lacking! Non-replicable.• Do's and Don't of Making!
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Conventional Making• Mostly inefficient.• Quality is lacking! Non-replicable.
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Do Don't!
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Do Don't!
thing://1672
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Making: Replacements or extensions
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Question: Wikipedia
• Who of you ever created or edited a Wikipedia page?• Who of you have ever read an article and used its
information?
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Disintermediationscenario
• Raw materials to homes• Manufacturing at home• Domestic level
fabrication (fully distributed)
• Plausible?
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Spare partsThreat or opportunity?
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Replacement parts
schaakstuk kwijt?
onderdeel stuk?
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Thingiverse.com
• Sustainable source of innovative, user generated products
• Challenges
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The commons repositories
Examples:• Wikipedia.org > Knowledge• Youtube > Information and entertainment• Thingiverse.com > Things
Features:• User-generated • Consolidation and codification of knowledge• Reduces duplication of effort• Non-restrictive nature maximizes value creation
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Content or innovations?
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Content or innovations?
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Toys
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Content or innovations?
Coffee belt clip iPhone tripod mount
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Web 2.0 Mashups are soo 2006!
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Content or innovations?Robot modules or even complete robots
Micro 'factories' and complete 3D printers
Personal 3D Printer
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Content or innovations?Parts for self assembling systems that can be 3D printed
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Open Source Fusionpowered by
3D printed parts
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• Online proposal for an open source standard construction kit
• Extruded aluminium beam• Suitable for mass production:
high up-front costs• Crowdfunded by 132 people• > 17k in pledges received in
months
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Thank you!
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References
• Discussion• Further infomation
o My blog: http//erikdebruijn.nlo p2pfoundation.orgo RepRap project: www.RepRap.orgo RepLab.org - creating open replicable FabLab'so Democratizing Innovation (By Eric von Hippel) and user
innovation literatureo Kerstin Balka - On the open design of tangible goods o Thingiverse objects:
Personal 3D printer (thing:815) [email protected]
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Sensing
Control
Modify
LifeEnergy