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Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Enterprise Architecture One Day at a Time
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
What Coming Up? • A hypothetical application of the TOGAF architecture process– Inspired by agencies of the South Australian Government
• A closer look at individual phases– Available resources
– Applicable standards
– Approaches to thinking about the problem
• A retrospective– Architecture in Government
– Value Chains and Urban Landscapes
– Sustainable information management
– Thoughts and questions
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
TOGAF • The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF)
– Published and maintained by The Open Group– Initial version 1995 (origins in DoD)– Version 7, 2001– Version 9, 2009
• It defines a framework for management of – the “sustainable evolution” of an enterprise architecture
• It’s the basis for today’s exercise – involving a couple of trips around the Sun.
D.Technology Architecture
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
A.Architecture
Vision
B.Business
Architecture
RequirementsManagement
Preliminary
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Day 1:Preliminary
• Constraint: one day
• Scope: half-a-dozen assets
• Depth: a handful of attributes
• Outcome: learning about the process and maybe something useful along the way.
D.Technology Architecture
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
A.Architecture
Vision
B.Business
Architecture
RequirementsManagement
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Day 1:Architecture Vision
• One man’s vision is another man’s dilemma– “Where the fabric of the enterprise is embedded with the
skills and knowledge through which an architecture can be rendered, and where the process of architectural change is a shared opportunity.”
• Deconstruction– Enterprise as a fabric– Embedded with skills and knowledge– Capable of rendering an architecture– Wherein change is the opportunity
D.Technology Architecture
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
B.Business
Architecture
RequirementsManagement
Preliminary
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Day 1:Business Architecture
• Identify half-a-dozen assets of interests (where assets could be a set of similar business processes).
• Create a formal model of what we want to capture.
• Populate our model with real data.
D.Technology Architecture
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
A.Architecture
Vision
RequirementsManagement
Asset
namedescriptionvaluesatisfactioncriticality
Preliminary
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Day 1:Business Architecture
• Pull our information together under a viewpoint – in this case a Boston Graph, plotting criticality, satisfaction, and cost.
• What have we learnt?
D.Technology Architecture
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
A.Architecture
Vision
RequirementsManagement
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
Criticality
Sat
isfa
ctio
n
LOW HIGH
LOW
HIG
H
AF
CB
E
D
Preliminary
B.Business
Architecture
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Day 1:Change Management
D.Technology Architecture
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
A.Architecture
Vision
B.Business
Architecture
RequirementsManagement
Preliminary
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
Architecture Meta-Model
Baseline Model Target Model
Asset
namedescriptionvaluesatisfactioncriticality
AF
C
B
E
D
?AF
C
B
E
D
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Day 1:Congratulations!
• We have a vision and a baseline• We have a framework to work within• But we don’t have enough information
– Process definitions?– Association to governing organisation?– Business Motivation?– Process Maturity?
D.Technology Architecture
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
B.Business
Architecture
RequirementsManagement
Preliminary
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Section 5
Division A
Division B
Division C
Unit D
Unit E
Dept. X
AB
Day 2:Business Architecture
D.Technology Architecture
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
A.Architecture
Vision
RequirementsManagement
Preliminary
Criticality
Sat
isfa
ctio
n
LOW
HIGH
LOW
HIG
H
AF
C
BE
D
Collection
Review
Publish
1234
5678
parent
0..1
Asset
namedescriptionvalue
Organisation
namedescription
*1
manages managedby
subsidiary*
datesatisfactioncriticality
* presentsmaintains*
Assessment
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Day 2:Opportunities and Solutions
• Our meta-model has grown
• Our baseline architecture is maturing (but still has a way to go before we can speculate about a target architecture)
– Business Processes (BPMN2)
– Business Motivation (BMM)
– Process Maturity (BPMM)
• Other things outstanding:
– Information Sustainability
– Modelling tools, Standards, and Best Practice
– Repositories, Federation and Publication StrategiesD.Technology Architecture
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
A.Architecture
Vision
RequirementsManagement
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
Preliminary
B.Business
Architecture
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Day 2:Self Assessment
• Ronald B. Furlong’s Clausewitz and Modern War Gaming
– What your known you know
– What you know you don’t know
– Appreciation of unknown unknowns
• Slavoj Žižek’s Forth Premise
– Reconciliation of our unknown knows
• Stephen McConnell on pragmatics
– Ontology
– Scope
– Completeness * Ronald B. Furlong’s paper “Clausewitz and Modern War Gaming (unknown unknown) and Slavoj Žižek’s related extrapolation into
‘unknown knows’ – the things we know but don’t talk about.
D.Technology Architecture
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
A.Architecture
Vision
RequirementsManagement
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
Preliminary
B.Business
Architecture
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Day 2: Architecture Vision
• Wrapping up this hypothetical…– One man’s vision is another man’s dilemma
• “Where the fabric of the enterprise is embedded with the skills and knowledge through which an architecture can be rendered, where the process of architectural change is a shared opportunity, and across which a tapestry of improvement is woven.”
– Deconstruction• Enterprise as a fabric• Embedded with skills and knowledge• Capable of rendering an architecture• Wherein change is the opportunity• And continuous improvement is realizedD.
Technology Architecture
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
B.Business
Architecture
RequirementsManagement
Preliminary
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Thinking Ahead: • Up Next– Business Motivation, Process, and Maturity– Information and Systems Architecture– Technical Architecture– Opportunity Analysis– Migration Planning and Implementation Governance– Architecture Change Management– Architecture Vision
RESOURCES
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Thinking Ahead:Business Motivation
• Modelling Business Motivation– Ends
• Vision, Goals, Objectives
– Means• Mission, Strategy, Tactic
• Business Rule, Business Policy
– Organisational Unit– Business Process– Influencers
• External
• Internal
– Assessments
D.Technology Architecture
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
A.Architecture
Vision
RequirementsManagement
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
Preliminary
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
OMG Business Motivation Model (BMM) V1.1 May 2010http://www.omg.org/spec/BMM/
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Thinking Ahead:Business Process Modelling
• BPMN V1.2 Business Process Modelling Notation– Industry standard notation for process description– Events, Activities, Gateways, Data, Transactions,
Documentation, Swimlanes
• BPMN V2.0 Business Process Model and Notation– Conversations, Collaboration, Choreographies– Model portability
D.Technology Architecture
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
A.Architecture
Vision
RequirementsManagement
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
Preliminary
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
Collection
Review
Publish
1234
5678
OMG Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) V2.0 (Finalisation)http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Thinking Ahead:Business Process Maturity
• A standard framework for business process maturity assessment
D.Technology Architecture
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
A.Architecture
Vision
RequirementsManagement
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
Preliminary
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
OMG Business Process Maturity Model (BPMM) V1.0 June 2008http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMM/
Initial
Managed
Standardised
Predictable
Innovating
1
2
3
4
5
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Thinking Ahead:Information Architecture
• Information and Systems– Service (as windows)– Applications and components (as engines)– Instrumentation and monitoring (to understand)– Data (as an asset)
• Knowledge is power– Baseline assessment– Metrics
D.Technology Architecture
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
A.Architecture
Vision
RequirementsManagement
Preliminary
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
B.Business
Architecture
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Thinking Ahead:Technical Architecture
• Servers, SANS, switches, routers, …– Channel capacity– Computational capacity– Storage capacity, integrity, and security foundation– Boundaries and gateways
• Knowledge is Power– reactive capability– enterprise scalability– vulnerability
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
A.Architecture
Vision
RequirementsManagement
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
Preliminary
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
B.Business
Architecture
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Thinking Ahead:The Stack
Technical Model
drives supports
executes
above enables
Information and Systems Model
Business Model
Organisation, motivation (vision, goals,. objectives, strategy, risk and opportunity, policy, business processes), governance, standards, ontology
Applications, processors, channels, data stores, transformation, schemas, information models, digital processes, workflows, queues and pools, monitoring, logging, events, runtime frameworks, security, transactions, and more.
Servers, routers, switches. SANs, virtualisation, networks, firewalls, domains, and other assorted physical assets
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
A.Architecture
Vision
RequirementsManagement
Preliminary
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Thinking Ahead:Opportunity Assessment
• Are we ready?– Do we have a sufficiency of information?– Have we constructed an opportunity?– Are the stakeholders engaged?– Do we have a process?
• Checklist– Change scenario, benefits and risks– Business, information, systems and technical strategy– Political allegiance, resource backing, skills and
knowledgeF.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
A.Architecture
Vision
RequirementsManagement
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
Preliminary
B.Business
Architecture
D.Technology Architecture
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Thinking Ahead:Migration Planning
• Separate requirements from solutions• Build the framework
– Standards– Policies– Principals
• Build the expectations– The Baseline– The Target– Transition Criteria
• Keep it fast• Keep it real
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
A.Architecture
Vision
RequirementsManagement
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
Preliminary
B.Business
Architecture
D.Technology Architecture
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Thinking Ahead: Implementation Governance
• “Migration Planning” is the launch pad.• “Implementation Governance” is the
touchdown team.– Governance of solution deployment– Ensuring conformance– Ensuring successful cross-project integration– Mobilising the supporting operations
D.Technology Architecture
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
F.MigrationPlanning
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
A.Architecture
Vision
B.Business
Architecture
RequirementsManagement
Preliminary
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Thinking Ahead: Change Management
• Key Objectives– Updating our baseline architecture– Assessing the fitness for purpose of our model– Reviewing underlying frameworks and policies– Sorting and enabling changing governance
arrangements
D.Technology Architecture
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
A.Architecture
Vision
B.Business
Architecture
RequirementsManagement
Preliminary
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Thinking Ahead:Architecture Vision
• Business Architecture– Direction, strategy, roadmap
– Potential impact on information and systems
– Potential IT driven opportunities
• Information and Systems Architecture– Separate ‘problem solving’ from ‘strategic improvement’
– Impact of BPM and BRM
– Elastic licensing
• Technical Architecture– Scalability, capacity, foundation integrity
– Cloud, IaaS, hardware virtualisation, intelligent networks
– Smaller, smarter, faster, more energy efficientD.
Technology Architecture
C.Information
SystemsArchitectures
F.MigrationPlanning
G.Implementation
Governance
H.Architecture
ChangeManagement
E.Opportunities
and Solutions
B.Business
Architecture
RequirementsManagement
Preliminary
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Retrospective:Architecture in Government
• Commercial Vehicle Driving Hours (EU)• Security Management (US)• Cross-Border Service Management (FR)• Engineering Change Management (AU)• Large-scale Manufacturing (AU)• State Government (AU)
RETROSPECTIVE
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Retrospective:Value Chains
Unclassified Repository
Replica
Segregation
South AustraliaSite B
South AustraliaSite C
Integration Manufacturing
Pla
tform
& D
esig
nC
onst
ruct
ion
PurchasingPlanning
MRP CM/DM Schedule Earned Value
Reporting
Classified Repository
Join
t Ven
ture
Database & File RepositoryPublicationAuthorityE
xter
nal
Scheduling
Schedule Earned Value Product
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Retrospective: Urban Landscapes
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Retrospective: Sustainable Information
Architecture Repositories
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Retrospective: Sustainable Information
Baseline versus Target
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Thoughts, Questions, … • We do EA every day– Outside factors, changing motivations– New tools, better methods– Economic drivers and technology opportunities
• Footprints in a crime scene or strategic evolution?– Thinking ten years out is not unreasonable– Sustainable architecture in government is achievable– It just needs structure and discipline
Shaping Tomorrow with YouFujitsu Australia LimitedAustralian Application Solutions Centre (AASC)
Stephen McConnell
South Australia Architecture Practice Lead, Fujitsu
http://www.fujitsu.com
THANKYOU