Shahbaz Salaria Broadband Network Solutions TE … · Traffic/User User Density 2G Digital TDM 3G...

In-Building Wireless Fundamentals

Shahbaz SalariaBroadband Network Solutions

TE Connectivity

Agenda

• The IBW Problem

• The IBW Solution

• DAS Introduction: Parts & Types

• Aligning DAS Type with Applications

• Q&A

What is the IBW Problem?

Traditional Macro Coverage (Challenge)

Phase 1 Microcell Placement

Phase 1 Microcell Deployment

Phase 2 iDAS Placement

Phase 2 iDAS Completed (HetNet)

Network Evolution Addressing the Capacity Challenge

1GAnalog

AMPS

GSMUMTS/HSPA

LTE/WiMax

Cap

acit

y Li

mit

edC

over

age

Lim

ited

Larger # macro cells; Indoor coverage w/ more power;

Some micro in dense urban

Thin macro cell overlays Dense micro cell under

lays DAS for large buildings

Microcells for outdoor; DAS & Pico for

enterprise; femto for residential

Traffic/User

User Density

2G

Digital TDM

3G

Digital CDMA

4G

Digital OFDMCoverage

Market EvolutionSingle-Carrier Solutions Multi-Carrier Solutions

Wireless Carriers Enterprise

Product Need

Buyers

Narrowband BroadbandBandwidth

Yesterday Today Tomorrow

DAS Going Mainstream

Voice / Data / Video / Security / Wi-Fi / DAS

Radio Dealers/VARs Elec Contractors & Integrators

Low-voltageService

Evolution

DAS SupplierEvolution

DAS Marketplace

Yesterday Today Tomorrow

What is the IBW Solution?

The Solution

A single antenna radiating at high power (a) is replaced by group oflow-power antennae to cover the same area (b) `• Less power is wasted in overcoming penetration

and shadowing losses

• A line-of-sight channel is present more frequently– Reduced fade depths – Reduced delay spread

“An infrastructure dedicated to wireless service inside a building or structure”

The Solution-DAS

A DAS system has two main components.

• An RF source or RF front end

• A system of antennae to distribute the RF into the area that needs coverage

The Solution-DAS

A DAS system has two main components.

• An RF source or RF front end

• A system of antennas to distribute the RF into the area that needs coverage

This is what really defines a DAS, not the front end

RF Front End: Off Air

OutdoorBase

StationExpansionHub

MultimodeFiber

Twisted Pair

ExpansionHub

RF

BDA Main Hub

RF Front End: Direct BTS feed

Main HubMiniBase

Station

ExpansionHUB

Twisted Pair

Multimode Fiber

ExpansionHUB

RF

FiberMTSO

DAS Introduction

DAS Basics

The three primary types of DAS systems are:

• Passive• Semi-active or Hybrid• Active

Passive System

BDAMiniBase

Station

RF Coax ½”

RF

FiberMTSO

MiniBase

Station

ActiveHUB

Twisted Pair

CATV Cable

RF Coax ½”

Multimode Fiber

Single Mode Fiber

ActiveHUB

RFMTSO

GE/T1Active HUB

Active System

Aligning DAS Types withApplications

Perspectives to ConsiderChoice of DAS Solution

Perspectives for In-building DAS Design

• RF Planning

• DL Power-High• UL Noise-Low• Isolation (SNR)-High

• Installation & Management

• Cost

RF Planning Perspective

• High DL Power

• Low UL Noise

• High Isolation


• High DL PowerUniformly high DL power possible with PASSIVE but not for long runs

• Low UL Noise

• High Isolation

Amplifier Location in Active & Passive DAS UL Path

30 dB LOSS OUTPUTINPUT

NF=10dBGain=30dBT

Amplifier Output

30 dB LOSSINPUT

NF=10dBGain=30dBT OUTPUT

First Amplifier Close to DAS Antenna (Active)

-75 dBm

-80 dBm

-105 dBm

-120 dBm

30 dB LOSS OUTPUTINPUT

NF=10dBGain=30dBT

-85 dBm

-90 dBmS/N=45 dB

S/N=35 dB

S/N=35 dB

-45 dBAmplifier Output

-110 dBm

First Amplifier is the Base Station (Passive)

-75 dBm

-80 dBm

-105 dBm

-120 dBm

30 dB LOSSOUTPUT

INPUTNF=10dBGain=30dBT

-85 dBm

-90 dBmS/N=45 dB S/N=15 dB

S/N=5 dB



• Low UL NoiseHigh loss from PASSIVE limits the UL service range of the DAS Antenna, so the run needs to stay small

• High Isolation



• Low UL NoiseHigh loss from PASSIVE limits the UL service range of the DAS Antenna, so the run needs to stay small

• High IsolationNon uniform nature of PASSIVE DAS limits the isolation capability to small cable run systems

High Isolation- A Challenge of RF performance

Isolation, interference•Users receive signals from many base stations

This is interference

•Metallic coated windows attenuate the signal•The result is

Degraded / no serviceDropped calls

•The solution is to have a dominant signal

Installation & Management Perspective

• Passive better suited to harsh environments

• Difficult and costly to install

• Does not support remote monitoring, diagnostics and control

• Poor adaptability to network changes

Cost Perspective

• Passive is almost always the cheapest option from an equipment standpoint

• Largest cost element for PASSIVE is in installation which limits suitability of PASSIVE to small systems only

• Non-recoverable investment

• High installation cost of future changes/upgrades

Passive DAS: Traditional Coax

Specific challenges using the traditional design

•Large footprint for base station, typical 3 x 19”

rack per operator

•Need dedicated room

•High Thermal and Power load (10-20kW)

•Load of cable installation

•High impact installation

Typical High Power base station, one operator

Traditional coax installation

Criteria Guidance for Choice of DAS• Venue Size

• Cost Constraints

• Long Term• Short Term

• Flexibility Objectives

• Maintenance Considerations

• Age of the Venue & Type of Construction

In Building VenuesThree Main Size Segments

Large Venue Medium/Small VenueLarge/Medium Venue

Large Venue• Sports Venues• Convention Centre• Large Mall• Outdoor• Ultra High Rise• Large Campus

Medium/Small VenueLarge/Medium Venue



Large/Medium Venue• Hospital• Hotel• University• High Rise• Warehouse• Office Building


Medium/Small Venue


Medium/Small Venue• Small Business• Rural Store• Local Library



In-Building DAS MarketThree Main Segments by Size/Category


Medium/Small Venue• Small Business• Rural Store• Local Library


Active Suited Moving towards Active Passive Suited

Integrated Fixed/Mobile Connectivity

DAS Remote

Antenna Unit(RAU)

WiFi WAP security camera

smoke detector

thermostat access video conference desktop computer

phone

Ethernet/PoE

POL ONT

point-to-point fiber

OLT

router, switch, WLAN controllerservers, storage, PABX/IP-PBXBuilding Automation Systems,

security systems, etc.

Single-mode fiber network supports mixed point-to-point and point-to-multipoint topologies. Path redundancy also supported.

Ethernet-based traffic Fiber-based traffic

DAS headend, RF video

Fiber Distribution

Terminal

MDF/MTR

Passive Optical LAN

point-to-multipoint fiber

POL fiber splitter

Up

to

20km

/12.

5mi

DAS Expansion Unit

Single-mode fiber backbone (POL/DAS)

RG6 CATV COAX

IDF/ITR Digital DAS

Paintable Antenna

ZONE

What is Next?Fusion of SBS and DAS

Melting of Point of Interface

DAS-SBS POI

SBS POIDAS Hub

ANT

Optical

RF

RF Analog Interface

Optical Digital Interface (CPRI)

DAS Remote


DAS-SBS POI

SBS POIDAS Hub

ANT

Optical

RF

Heavy demand on space, power & cooling systems

RF Analog Interface


DAS Remote


DAS-SBS POI

SBS POIDAS Hub

ANT

Optical

RF

Heavy demand on space, power & cooling systems



DAS Remote


SBS DAS Hub

ANT

Optical

RF



DAS Remote


DAS CPRI Hub

DAS Remote

ANT

Optical

RF


Traditional vs CPRI Capable Headend Space Savings

DAS without

CPRIB

BU

’s Remote Radio Heads

POI’s

DA

S

DAS with CPRI

CAPEX Savings with Elimination of RRH & Integration Panels

OPEX Savings with Space, Power & Cooling Reductions

BB

U &

D

AS

30% CAPEX Eliminate RRH & Integration Panels

50% OPEX Space, Power & Cooling Reductions

CPRI Interface on DAS – Cost Savings

Thank You !!!

Shahbaz Salaria Broadband Network Solutions TE … · Traffic/User User Density 2G Digital TDM 3G...

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Transcript of Shahbaz Salaria Broadband Network Solutions TE … · Traffic/User User Density 2G Digital TDM 3G...