SGCC Peer Connect: Smart Grid HAN...
Transcript of SGCC Peer Connect: Smart Grid HAN...
Today‟s Presenters
Robby Simpson, PhD System Architect
GE Digital Energy
Patty DurandExecutive Director
Smart Grid Consumer
Collaborative
John McDonaldDirector, Technical Strategy
and Policy Development
GE Digital Energy
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Agenda
1. SGCC & Standards
2. Presentation by Robby Simpson:
• What is the Smart Grid HAN? (Bigger Picture)
• (Some) Key Initiatives
• HAN Standards and Technologies
• Potential Products and Applications
3. Takeaways & Q&A
SGCC & Standards
• Where do standards fit in?
• Leveraging SGCC‟s membership
• GE Digital Energy‟s Director of Technical Strategy and Policy Development – John McDonald
Name Background
Robby Simpson,
PhD
System Architect - GE Digital Energy
• Member of the Board of Directors and Vice President of
Smart Energy with the HomePlug Powerline Alliance
• Chair of the ZigBee Alliance Smart Energy Profile 2 working
group
• Member of the Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP)
Governing Board
• PhD, in Electrical and Computer Engineering from
Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, GA.
• B.S. in Computer Engineering from Clemson University in
Clemson, SC.
Smart Grid Home Area Networks
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Outline
• What is the Smart Grid HAN? (Bigger Picture)
• (Some) Key Initiatives
• HAN Standards and Technologies
• Potential Products and Applications
• Q&A
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Residential vs. Commercial and Industrial (C&I)
• Original focus has been on residential HAN
• Some debate on need for two protocols or one
• “Transactive” pricing and energy use often discussed for C&I
• Focus on protocols “inside the HAN” vs. “to the HAN”
• C&I already has some established technologies:
• BACnet
• LonWorks
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Open Standards
Now no longer largely debated, but has been in the past
Many benefits, including:
• Multiple sources/suppliers
• Ease of integration (including internal)
• Prevents vendor lock-in
• Lessens local variation
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Internet Protocol (IP)
Technology that led to the explosion of the Internet
Largely debated in the past in AMI, substation automation, and HAN
Many benefits, including:
• Internetworking – mixing various MAC/PHY technologies
• Availability of COS products
• Vast labor pool
• Advantage of hard-won wisdom (particularly in security) of Internet community
• Eases convergence
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IEC Common Information Model (CIM)
Common “dictionary” for Smart Grid – semantics
IEC 61968 / 61970 – IEC TC57
Many benefits, including:
• Common model across smart grid
• Decoupled from underlying technologies – allows flexibility for future technology changes
• Eases convergence
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ZigBeeWireless Mesh
• Low power (gas meter, battery-powered thermostats)
• Low cost
• Lower speed (~150 kbps)
• IEEE 802.15.4
• Traditionally a turn-key solution, also providing:
• ZigBee Stack (ZigBee PRO, ZigBee IP, …) –meshing is hard
• Application Layer “Profile” (SEP 1.x, HA, …)
• Supported by ZigBee Alliance, with ~400 members and many vendors in all levels of the supply chain
• Large utility support, with approximately 40 million meters under contract
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Wi-FiWireless Star
• Medium to high energy use
• Appears to still be more costly than ZigBee, especially given the economies of scale
• Higher speeds (10 – 54 Mbps)
• Suite of IEEE 802.11 technologies (a, b, g, n)
• Traditionally solely focused on “MAC/PHY,” running typical protocols and applications (such as IP and HTTP)
• Supported by Wi-Fi Alliance, with ~400 members and many vendors in all levels of the supply chain
• Enormous adoption in the consumer electronics space
• Some utility interest, though no meter support to my knowledge, for instance
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HomePlugPowerline Communication
• Variety of technologies:
• HomePlug AV
• Higher cost
• Higher speed (~200 Mbps)
• IEEE 1901
• HomePlug Green PHY
• Lower cost
• Lower to medium speed (~10 Mbps)
• Subset (and interoperable with) IEEE 1901
• Traditionally solely focused on “MAC/PHY,” running typical protocols and applications (such as IP and HTTP)
• Supported by HomePlug Alliance, with ~60 members and many vendors in all levels of the supply chain
• Some adoption in the consumer electronics space
• Some utility interest, some meter deployment, interest in “MDU issue”
• Great interest from auto manufacturers for plug-in electric vehicles
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Smart Energy Profile• Application-layer profile – a collection of standards where options and configurations are
specified (for instance, prepayment support) with the intention of leading to interoperability and managing embedded device constraints
• Focus on communications related to efficiency, usage, price communication, demand response and load control, and messaging
• Range of backhaul (AMI, Internet, etc.) bandwidths and cost kept in mind during development
• Developing with several organizations including:
• ZigBee Alliance
• HomePlug Powerline Alliance
• Wi-Fi Alliance
• EPRI
• SunSpec Alliance
• SAE
• IETF
• UCAIug
• 40+ million meters with ZigBee and/or HomePlug currently under contract, from a variety of the major North American and international meter manufacturers
• Robust testing and certification program with logoing
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Smart Energy Profile versions1.0 (Publicly Released June 2008)
Certified Products available today
Designed only for ZigBee stack
Support for Price Communication, Demand Response and Load Control, Messaging, and Metering (as well as security and basic information such as time)
1.1 (Publicly Released July 2011)
Incremental enhancements to 1.0 including Prepayment and Billing Information
For support of existing deployments and pilots
*** Development on 1.x may continue after 2.0 is released ***
2.0 (In Development, Subject to Change)
Wireless and Wired (Link Layer Agnostic)
Designed for IP stack, RESTful HTTP
Harmonization with IEC 61968 (CIM) and 61850
Continuing to add new features (PEV support, MDU support, etc.)
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SEP 2.0 Key Documents andDatesWithin ZigBee, specifications are not considered to be complete until there are Certified Products
Market Requirements Document (MRD) - COMPLETE
Technical Requirements Document (TRD) - COMPLETE
0.7 version of Application Specification (Interop-Ready) –COMPLETE
Interop Testing / Gating Begins - ~7 months
0.9 version of Application Specification (Certification-Ready) –30 days
Certification Testing - ~2 months
Final Specification (Certified Products) – Done!
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SEP 2.0 Current Status
• SEP 2.0 Application Specification (App Spec):
• Last ballot received ~4000 comments
• Several face-to-face meetings (typically once per month)
• Several interoperability events (typically once per month)
• Most, if not all, contentious items thought to be resolved
• CSEP established
• Joint testing and certification organization between HomePlug, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, and others
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OpenADR
C&I Application
• Still in early stages
• Little industry support (but growing)
• Original support primarily in California, LBNL, and Honeywell
• Focused on “transactive” energy use
• OpenADR 1.0 from LBNL
• OpenADR Alliance formed to create OpenADR 2.0 very recently
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Green Button
Batch Download
• Still in early stages, but moving quickly
• Based on NAESB ESPI standard
• White House initiative
• Provides access to bulk energy usage information
• In process of developing testing and certification plans
• Supported by new SGIP PAP
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Device Types (from SEP 2.0)
ESI (Energy Services Interface) – can be integrated into utility meter (often the case) or standalone
In-Premises Display
PCT (Programmable Communicating Thermostat)
Load Control Devices (Pool Pumps, Water Heaters, Appliances, Lighting, etc.)
Plug-In Vehicles
Inverters
“Dumb” devices (Refrigerator Magnet, Glowing Orb, etc.)
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(Some) Function Sets (from SEP 2.0)Pricing Communication
Demand Response and Load Control
Metering / Energy Usage Information
Messaging
Pre-Payment
Confirmation
Plug-In Electric Vehicles
Distributed Energy Resources
Billing
Registration
Firmware Download
Basic, Time, Commissioning, Power Configuration, etc.
Robby Simpson, PhD System Architect
GE Digital [email protected]
Patty DurandExecutive Director
Smart Grid Consumer
John McDonaldDirector, Technical Strategy
and Policy Development
GE Digital [email protected]
Thank you! You will receive a copy of the slides to the email
you used to register.
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Z-WaveWireless Mesh
• Very similar to ZigBee, basically directly competing
• Low power (gas meter, battery-powered thermostats)
• Low cost
• Lower speed (~40 kbps)
• Traditionally a turn-key solution, also providing:
• Stack – meshing is hard
• Application Layer “Profile”
• Largely supported by a single company (pseudo-open / pseudo-proprietary)
• Large presence in home automation
• Little to no support from utilities
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Security
Application layer security built around TLS
May also have link layer security
Think „https‟
Certificates
• Have agreed on a specific ECC cipher suite as the mandatory cipher suite for interoperability
• Have agreed on a specific RSA cipher suite as an optional cipher suite for interoperability
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Application Transport
HTTP – the web protocol we all know and love
Used to interact with „resources‟ in a „RESTful‟ manner
• 4 verbs: GET, PUT, POST, DELETE
Driven by desire to have a long-lived protocol and a familiar protocol for consumer interactions
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Name Resolution
mDNS – Multicast DNS
Familiar to many via Apple Bonjour
Enable DNS names without the need for a centralized DNS server
Used in conjunction with DNS-SD to provide device and service discovery
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Device and Service Discovery
DNS-SD, used in conjunction with mDNS
Service Discovery
• Types and Sub-Types
Essentially just DNS TXT records
“Give me all smartenergy devices”
“Give me all smartenergy metering devices”
Returns various information such as path
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Application Payload Format
Message format of the HTTP resources
Still TBD, but likely EXI – Efficient XML Interchange
• Tokenized XML
• W3C standard