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ENGINE 1-25

~"

8'c~:...,;fi;.~"

~~:i

2. With an o~tside micrometer. measure thediameter of the rocker arm shaft at 8 por-tjons corresponding to the rocker arms.Replace the rocker arm shaft if theamount of wear is beyond the limit.

FIG. 1-763-5 Rocker arm shaft assemblyService tools: Micrameter, dia! indicatar, vernier

caJipers or cylinder bare indicatar,feeler gauge, V-blacks.(1) Disassembly of rocker arm shaft assemblyRemove the snap ring and take out the springs.rocker arms and brackets from the rocker armshaft.

2} Inspection of rocker arms.1. Measure the inside diameter of the rockerarm bushings with a dial indicator. Com-pare the measured vafue with the rockerarm shaft diameter to determine theamount of oil clearance. If the amount ofwear is excessive, replace either the shaftor the bushings according to the condi-tion of wear of the parts.

,..-

VALUE INDICATINGNE ED FORASSEMBLYINSPECTION ITEMClearance betweenrocker arm shaftbushing and rockerarm shaft (mm)

0.01 -0.05 0.2 or more

FIG. 1-77(2) Inspection of rocker arm shaft assembly1) Inspection of rocker arm shaft run-out and

f6r wear.1. Check the rocker arm shaft for run-outusing a dial indicator and V-btocks orequivalent. The rocker arm shaft with aslight amount of run-out may be correctedwith a bench press witho!Jt using heat.Replace the rocker arni shaft if theamount of run-out is beyond the limit.FIG. 1-792. Check the valve stem contacting face ofthe rqcker arms for step wear or scoresand correct with an oil stone or valve re-facer as necessary. The rocker arm withexcessive step wear should be replacedas it can prevent decompression.

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1-26 ENGINE

and check that they are free frornrestrjctions.2. Install chamfered rocker arm on eachend of rocker arm shaft.3. Appfy engine oil to the rocker armbushing before installing the rockerarms.

/

1111111111111"'.ABNORMALCONTACT CHAMFERED CHAMFERED"""---

FIG. 1-82Camshaft assembly

FIG. 1-802) Measure the outside diameter of the tappetswith an outside micrometer and replace thetappets if the amount cf wear is beyond thelimit.

3-6-!'.-~J. J12 ,J .-.,.,!..-"")(.I:-'\\.::.~""'"' ~

I \.:) '-t. f;~18 .

., .,...:J?

'-','.(.;I? "FIG. 1-83

1. CAM SHAFT 7. BOL T2. THRUST PLATE 8. IDLE GEAR BUSHING3. FEATHER KEY 9. SHAFT; IDLE4. GAM GEAR 10. IDLE GEAR5. WASHER 11. THRUST COLLAR6. BOL T, SPRING WASHER 12. BOL T, SPRING WASHERFIG. 1-81 Service t 0015: Feeler gauge, micrometer, cylinderbare indicator, dial indicator,V-blocks.(1) Disassembly camshaft assemblyRemove the camshaft gear using a remover or amallet, then remove the thrust plate.NOTE: Remove the camshaft gear fixing boltsbefore .removing the camshaft.(2) Inspection and correction of camshaft1) Inspection of camshaft.Check the camshaft journals, cam faces andoil pump drive gear for wear or damage and

replace the camshaft if found to be defective.

3) Roll the push rods over a su.rface plate andmeasure the clearance between the push-rodand surface plate using a fee(er gauge. If theamount of bending is in excess of 0.3 mm,correct with a bench press. Check each end ofthe push-rods for uneven wear.4) Check the ends of the push-rods for wear ordamage and replace the push-rods asnecessary .Reassembly of rocker arm shaft assemblyTo reassemble, follow the disassembly pro-cedure in reverse order.NOTE: 1. Clean oil ports in the rocker arms androcker arm shaft with compressed air

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ENGINE 1-27Turn the camshaft slowly and read the diaindicator. If the indicator reading is highethan 0.1 mm, correct or replace the camshafwith a new one.

Measurement of cam lobes.Check height of the cam lobes with an outsidemicrometer and replace the camshaft if theamount of wear is.beyond the limit.Use an oil stone to remove step wear or slightdamage on the cam face. .NOMINALHEIGHT 'f".~I I UMIT FOR USE

I 40.6 I 40.;jNSPECTION ITEM-,-~. -;>t cam lob~s.Helgnt t(X)(mm--

FIG.1-865) Inspection of camshaft end play.Assemble the thrust plate and cam gear to thecamshaft and torque the cam gear bolts to the

specified torque.Move the thrust plate ali the way in toward thecam gear and measure the cfearance betweenthe thrust plate and edge of the journal. If theamount of clearance is beyond the value indi-cating need for servicing. replace the thrustplate.

INSPECTJONITEM

FIG .84FRONT

-:rJ

REAR~1 FRONT

~~t -

STANDARD VALUEFOR ASSEMBLY

0.05 -0.114t ~I JI Cam:~-.. -playt-

VALUE INDICATINGNE ED FORSERVICING--0.2 or moreOURNAL

FIG. 1-85:AM

3) Measurement cf jcurnaf diameter.Measure the diameter cf the camshaft jcur-nals with an cutside micrcmeter. Replace thecamshaft if the amcunt cf wear is beycnd thelimit.

(3) Inspection and replacement of camshaftbearings1) Inspection of camshaft bearings.1. Check the inner face of the camshaft bear-ings for damage and replace the bearingswith new ones as necessary.

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1-28 ENGINE

2. Measure the inside diameter of the cam-shaft bearings with a cylinder bore indi-cator. Compare the measured value withthe camshaft journal diameter to deter-mine the oil clearance. If the amount ofclearance is beyond the value indicatingneed for servicing replace the camshaftbearing~.

2. Measure the diameter cf the idle gear shaftwith an cutside micrcmeter.If the amcunt cf uneven wear is beycnd thevalue indicating need far servicing replacethe gear shaft.

r VALUE INDICATINGi NE ED FOR SERVICINGINSPECTIONITEMSTANDARD VAlUEFbR ASSEMBLY

Clearance be-tween journalsand bearings(mm)

0.03 -0.09 0.15 or more

2) Inspection of idle gear bushing.1. Check the inner face of the bushing fordamage and replace as necessary.2. Measure the inside diameter of the bush-ing with a cylinder bore indicator. Com-pare.the measured value with the idle gearshaft diameter to determjne the cfearance.Replace the bushing with a new one if theamount of cfearance is beyond the valueindicating need for servicing.

FIG. 1-882) Replacement of camshaft bearings.Refer to 2. '.Major disassembly of engine.. onpage 1-2. "Major reassembly of engine com-ponents.. on page 1-29 for bearing replace-ment procedure.NOTE: Install the bearing by aligning the oil

ports.(4) Reassembly of camshaft assembly.Ta reassemble. fallaw the disassembly pro-

cedure in reverse arder.NOTE: 1. Clean oil ports in the camshaft withcompressed air.2. Install the camshaft gear. so that itsside with mark Y is turned to front ofengine.3. Torque the camshaft gear bolts atmajor reassembly.

(5) Inspection of idle gear and idle gear shaft1) Inspecticn cf idle gear shaft.1. Ch~thesliding face afthe idlegearshaftfar damage and replace the shaft asnecessary. FIG.1-90

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ENGINE.1-2~ '~.. ,

NOTE: Clean bath faces cf the bearings be-fare installatian.2) Apply new engine oil to the bearings and in-stall the crankshaft over the bearingscarefully.3) Install the thrust bearing on both sides of theNo.3 crankshaft bearing on the cylinder body.;c,c'."i!i:::~;",".- -'. -cc_,- _.

,';~~'-",-c;'~..';;J;ii&

3) Inspection of idle gear thrust collar.Check the thrust collar for step wear and re-piace as necessary.4. MAJOR REASSEMBL Y OF ENGINECOMPONENTS

Service tools: Dial indicator, feeler gaugeSpecial tools: Camshaft bearing removerand installer (9-8523-1360-0), ada~ter'(9-8523-1737-0) crankshaft gear install-er (9-8522-0021-0), crankshaft oil seal in$tall-.er (9-8522-1279-0), piston installer(5-85220-019-0), crankshaft front oil seal in-staller (5-85220-013-0).4-1 Reassembly(1) Engine reassembly precautions1) Prior to reassembly, wash clean parts in ap-propriate cleaner, clean oil ports with com-

pressed air and wipe parts dry.2) Apply generous amount of new engine oil tothe inner wall of the cylinder liners, outerfaceof the pistons. bearings and alI other workingfaces of the parts.3) Discard used gaskets and install new ones atreassembly.4) Tighten bolts and nuts which clampaluminum alloy parts only to specificationand avoid overtightening.(2) Camshaft bearing installationInstall the camshaft bearing using special tool;bearing remover and installer (9-8523-1360-0),

adapter (9-8523-1737-0) by aligning the oil port inthe bearing with that in the cylinder body.\}\ #~j

FIG.1-92NOTE: 1. Discard used thrust bearings andinstall new ones if they are foundto be defective at the time ofcrankshaft end play inspection.2. Install the thrust bearings. So thattheir sides with oil grooves areturned to the crankshaft.

THRUST FACE--, ~ \ j o:h, 1---

FIG. 1-93

s~~~FIG. 1-91

4) Instalfation of bearing cap arch gaskets.Instafl the arch gasket on ttie No.1 and No.5bearing caps.NOTE: To prevent misalignment, apply liquidgasket to the inner face of the gasketand fit the gasket into the groove.then keep the gasket pressed withfingers for about five seconds to en-sure a good bond.

(3) Tappet installatjonApply engine oil to the tappets and install them inposition on the cyfinder body.(4) Crankshaft jnstallatjon1) Install the crankshaft main bearings in posi-tion on the cylinder body by aligning the oilports.

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1-30 ENGINE

NOTE: No.2 and No.4 bearing caps areidentical in shape. Install the bear-ing cap with the Mark A on the No.2 bearing installing position..%~ i

~:ARCH GASKET NO.5o. ,

NO.1FIG. 1-94

5) Installation of crankshaft bearing caps.1. Apply silicone rubber base adhesive lightlyto the face of the No.1 and No.5 bearingcaps that are in contact with the cylinderbody.

FIG. 1-973. Semi-tighten the bearing cap bolts in Se-quence of No. 3-No. 4-No. 2-No. 5-No.1. while turning the crankshaft. thenretighten them to the specified torque.NOTE: 1. Install the No.1 bearing cap. Sothat its outer face is extendedbeyond the front face of the CY-linder body by 0-0.03 mm.2. When the bearing cap bolts arefully tightened. check that thecrankshaft turn5 5moothly.

NO.1 P.! I I ~

r---' ;;'+f ! IRbAOHESIVEAPPLVINGI PORTION

1(0I. :

-$O.5 (5) Installation of crankshaft gearInstal( the crankshaft gear using special tool;gear installer (9-8522-0021-0).NOTE: Install ttie crankshaft gear. So that it:side with the mark X i? turned to front otengine. .

(6) Installation of front plateInstall the gasket and front plate by aligning theIG. 1-96

FIG. 1-952. Assemble the crankshaft bearings to thebearing caps and install them in positionon the cylinder body.When installing the No.1 and No.5 bearingcaps, fit the arch gasket properly into posi--.tion on the cylinder body side.

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ENGINE 1-31

holes with the locating dowels on the cylinderbody using 3 bolts.NOTE: Apply a thin coat of liquid gasket evenlyto both faces of the gasket beforeinstallation. .

3) Install the thrust collarwith its chamfered sideout using 2 bolts.(9) Installation of camshaft gear bolt1) Install the plajn washer with its chamferedside out. then install the bolt.2) Torque the camshaft gear fixing bolts tospecification by inserting a.bar into positionbetween the crankshaftand cylinder body toprevent turning of the c;rankshaft.(7) Installation of camshaft1) Apply engine oil to the camshaft journals andcams, then install the camshaft on the cylin-der body.2) Install the thrust plate bolts and tighten themsecurely by fitting tool into the hole in thecamshaft gear .NOTE: When installing the camshaft. exer-cise care not to scratch the camshaft

bearing.

( ..(10) Installation of crankshaft rear oil 5ear -Install the oil seal spacer and oil seal in positjonfrom the rear side of the cylinder body usingspecial tool; jnstaller. (9-8522-1279-0).Fili the clearance between lips of the seaf withgrease before installing the oil seal.8) Installation of idle gear1) Install the idle gear. So that the oil port in theidle gear shaft is turned to the crankshaft gearside and bolt holes are aligned.---:r.

.,.,

FIG. 1-992) Apply engine oil to the idle gear shaft andinstall the idle gear by aligning the marks Xand Y on the gear with those on the crank-shaft gear and camshaft gear .

NOTE: If the oil seal contacting face of thecrankshaft is found to be worn, adjustfitting of the oil seal by installing the oilseaJ without the spacer .CYLINDER BODY..~~"t OIL SEALCRANKSHAFT// INSTALLER/' &.. HAMMER

,-.~.,",",c. ,

FIG.1-102(11) Installation of rear plate .Install the rear plate by aligning its holes with thelocating dowels using 3 bolts.

FIG. 1-100

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1-32 ENGINE

NOTE: a. Install the piston by turning thefront mark on its head to front ofengine. (Cylinder number markon the connecting-rod big-endis turned to the camshaft side.)b. When installing the piston andconnecting-rod assembly holdthe tool in good. contact with thecylinder body. :or breakage ofpiston rings may result. .c. The piston head should be pro-jected beyond upper face of thecylinder body by approximat/y0.5 mm when the piston is rest-ing at the top dead center.

(12) Installation of flywheel assembly1) Install the ffywheel by aligning it with the pinon the crankshaft, then instalf the washer andbolts. ..2) Tighten the 6 bolts afternately to the specifiedtorque by posjtioniC1g a bar between thecrankshaft and cylinder body to prevent turn-ing of the crankshaft.

FIG. 1-1054. Push in on the piston head further with ahammer handle or other appropriate to01while turning the crankshaft SloWly. untilthe piston is brought to the bottom deadcenter then. install the bearing cap.NOTE: Connecting-rod bearing capShoUld be So installea that itsmark is aligned with the settingmark on the connecting-rodbig-end.

FIG. 1-103(13) Installation of piston and connecting-rod

assembly1) Install the piston and connecting-rod assem-bly in the following manner:1. Turn the crankshaft untjl the crankshaftpin ofanyone of the cylinders js brought tothe uppermost position corresponding tothe top dead center of the piston.2. Apply engine oil to the circumference ofthe piston and bearing face of theconnecting-rod. Adjust setting of the pis-ton rings, so that their gaps are positioned180 degrees apart and are away from thedirection of side thrust and piston pin bossportjon.3. Install the piston (with connecting-rod intothe cylinder bore using piston jnstaller(5-85220-019-0). 5. Tighten the connecting-rod bearing cap

nuts to specification.6. Installing piston and connecting-rod as-ser1hTy iI sequence of No.1 -No.4 andNo.2 -No.3 will facilitate assembly

operation.7. When bearing cap bolts are tightened.check that the crankshaft turns smoothly.(14) Installation of cy/inder head1) Wi pe ci ean the u pper face of the cyl i nderbody and install the 2 dowels.IG. 1-104

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ENGINE 1-332) Install the cylinder head gasket with the TOPmark side up on the cylinder by aligning theholes with the dowels.3) Wipe clean the lowerface of the cylinder headand install the cylinder head over the gasket.4) Apply a thin coat of engine oil to the threaded

portion of the cylinder head bolts beforeinstalling.5) Torque the 19 cylinder head bolts in the fol-lowing manner in sequence as shown in Fig.1-106. First tighten the entire bolts to 6.5m-kg, then retjghten them to the specifiedfinal torque.

NOTE: Tighten the rocker arm shaft bracketbolts evenly in sequence commenc-ing with the inner ones.(16) Installatjon of tappet chamber cover androcker arm oil feed pipe1) Apply a thin coat of liquid gasket to both face

of the gasket, then install the tappet chambercover to the cylinder body.2) qnnect the rocker arm oil feed pipe and fixthe clip to the tap~et chamber cover.

FIG. 1-106(15) Rocker arm shaft assembly insta/1ation1) Apply engine oil to the push-rods. Install thepush-rods in position on the cyfinder heads.2) Install the rocker arm shaft assembly on thecylinder head.

FIG. 1-1083) Install the breather assembly on the tappetchamber cover, then connect the pipe and

cfip.4) Install the oil pressure unjt.(17} Installation of injection pump and timing gearcase1) Preparation for installation of timing gearcase.1. Position a piece of wood under the timinggear case and install the crankshaft frontoil seal using speciaJ tool; installer

(5-85220-013-0).NOTE: Fili the clearance between lips ofojl seal with grease.

',.,'.~-:..~

FIG.1-109FIG. 1-107

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1-34 ENGINE

2. Assemble the O rings to the timing gearcase.NOTE: 1. Make certain O rings are prop-erly fitted into position.2. Oiscard used O rings and in-stall new ones.

FIG. 1-110

2) In5tallation of injection pump.1. Align the mark5 X and Y on the Crank5haftgear. idle gear and cam5haft gear.2. In5tall the injection pump by aligning themarkZ on the injection pump gearwith themark Z on the cam5haft gear.NOTE: Applyathin coatof liquid ga5kettoboth faCe5 of the gasket.

FIG.1-112{18} Installation of water pump and thermostathousing1) Installation of water pump.Apply a thin coat of liquid gasket to both facesof the gasket. then install the water pump.Install the fan belt adjust plate and leave thebolts semi-tight.2) Installation of thermostat housing.Applya thin coat of liquid gasketto both facesof the gasket. then install the thermostathousing and fix the front engine hanger andvacuum pipe clip with the thermostat housingfixing bolts.3) Install the thermo unit.NOTE: Apply a small amount of liquid gasketto the threaded portion of the thermounit before installation.4) Ccnnect the bypass rubber hcse and ther-

mcmeter harness.NOTE: On mcdel with cil cccler, arrange-ment cf rubber hcse varies.(19) Insta/1ation of intake and exhaust manifolds1) Install the manifold gasket, So that its sidewith the mark TOP is turned OUt and upward.2) Install the intake and exhaust manifolds. .(20) Installation of crankshaft pulley1) Install the crankshaft pulley, washer and bolt.

FIG.1-111 (21) Insta/1ation of oil pump. crankcase and oil pan1) Instafl the oil pump.2) Appfy a thin coat of liquid gasket to the entirebonding face of the crankcase. then installthe crankcase by aligning it with the locating

dowels.NOTE: Apply liquid gasket to the arch gasketfitting face of the No.1 and No.5 bear-ing caps.

3) Installation of timing gear case.1. Install the oil thrower with its rear faceturned to the gear side on the front part ofthe crankshaft gear.2. Install the timing gear case and fix the in-jection pump in position of installation.

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ENGINE 1-35

FIG. 1-115NOTE: When both the intake and exhaustvalve rocker arms are in free state, itindicates that the piston in that cylin-der is at the top dead center on com-

pression stroke.

3) Install the gasket and oil pan.(22) Installation of generator and cooling fan1) Install the generator and leave the bolts

semi-tight.2) Install the fan pulley and cooling fan.3) Fit the fan belt into position and adjust the fanbelt tension. After adjusting the belt tension,securely tighten the generator.2) Perform valve clearance adjustment oper-ation commencing with the valves on the cyl-inder in which the piston is at the top deadcenter on compression stroke. Insert a feelergauge of specified thickness into the clear-ance between the valve stem end and rockerarm and adjust the clearance with the adjustscrew. Fully tighten the lock nut when a cor-rect adjustment is obtained.

~~;~,!~;:',:"~, "~

Crank pulley

FIG. 1-114(23) Installation of oil filterAssemble the O ring to the oil filter body theninstall the oif filter assembly in position.(24) Adjustment of valve clearances1) Bring the TDC mark on the crankshaft pulleyinto aJignment with the pojnter on the gearcase by turning the crankshaft, then checkthe state of the rocker arms on the No.1 andNo.4 cylinders to see in which cylinder thepiston is at the top dead center on compres-sjon stroke.

FIG. 1-1163) When adjustment of the valves on the No.1 orNo.4 cylinder is completed. turn the crank-shaft 1 full turn and adjust the clearances ofthe valves on remaining cylinders.4) Adjust the clearance of the valves markedwith O in the table when the piston in the No.1cylinder is held at the top dead center oncompression stroke (condition A).

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1-36 ENGINE

Conversely. adjust the clearance of the valvesmarked with O in the table when the piston inthe No.4 cylinder is held at the top deadcenter on compression stro.Ke (condition B).,

,INJECTION NOZZLENOZZLE WASHERCORRUGATED WASHERHEAT SHIELD,HOT PLUG

-"'

I 11( I/f)'FIG. 1-117(27) Installation of injection pipes1) Connect the injection pipes and tighten the

sleeve nuts to specified torque.

2) Clip the pipes securely with the clip bolts.3) Fully tighten the injection nozzles.4) Install the leak-off pipe.(28) Final inspection1) Check tightness of clamping parts.2) Fili the engine crankcase with engine oil.Oil capacity: Max. 6.4 Itrs. Min. 5.0 Itrs.Model with oiJ cooler: Max. 7.6 Itrs.3) After breaking-in of engine retighten the cyl-inderhead bolts and check level ofengineoil.NOTE: Recheck valve clearances after re-tightening of cylinder head bolts.

NOTE: I -Inlet valve E- Exhaust valve25) Installation of cylinder head cover

Apply engine oil to the rocker arms and valvesprings, then install the cylinder head cover byiitting the O ring into the groove in the lower faceof the cylinder head cover.

(26) Installation of glow plugs and injectionnozzles1) When the glow plugs are installed. position

the connector .2) Install the injection nozzles and leave them

semi-tight.NOTE: 1. Discard used corrugated washers

and nozzle washers and installnew ones.

2. When installing the injection noz-zie, check that heat shield, corru-gated washer and nozzle washerare fitted into position.

3. Install the corrugated washer, sothat its side with groove is turnedto the nozzle side.

5. ENGINE TROUBLE SHOOTINGCORRECTIONAUSEOMPLAINT

Lap valve seatsReplaceReplaceReplace

1. Hard-starting1) Trouble in starter circuit2) Trouble in fuel system3) Compression pressure t 00 low

Refer to '.Section 4. Engine electricafs..Refer to ..Section 3. Fuel system.'1. Valves poorly seated or valve stem bent2. Valve springs weakened or broken3. Cylinder head gasket broken~i.ston. piston rin~s or cylinder liners wornAdjust61eed1. Injection timing incorrect2. Air in injection pump2. Engine idling rough3. Engine lacks power1) Engine lacks power continuously AdjustCorrect O! replaceReplaceReplaceAdjustAdjustAdjust or replaceCorrect or replaceCorrectService air cleanerCorrect or replaceAdjust or replace.!::!}.l':!st or ~~

: 1. Valve clearances incorrect: 2. Valves poorly seated3. Cylinder head gasket detective4. Piston rings worn or sticking5. Injection timing incorrect6. Volume ot tuel delivery insufticient7. Nozzle injection pressure incorrect ornozzle seized8. Feed pump detective9. Restrictions in tuel pipes10. Volume of intake air insuHicient11. Throttle valve stickingi12. Clutch slipping113 '-- ,.

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ENGINE 1-3/COMPLAINT

2) Engine lacks power onaccelerationCAUSE CORRECTION

Engine overhaulAdjustCorrect or replaceCorrect or replaceAdjust or replace

1. Compression pressur-elrisufficient2. Injection timing incorrect3. Injection pump timer out of function4. Feed pump defective5. Nozzle injection pressure or spray angleincorrect6. Volume of intake air insufficient7. Throttle valve sticking Service air cleanetCorrect or replace4. Engioe overheating Replenish

Clean or rReplenish

1. Use:of wrong oil or oillevel too low2. Restrictions in oil coolE:'r3. Co~lant level too low or scales in coolingsystem4. Fan belt loosendoworn or broken5. Water pump defective6. Thermostat defective7. Valve clearances incorrect8. Restrictions in exhaust system

Adjust or replaceCorrect or replaceAeplaceAdjustClean or replace

It is impcrtant t C check the related ccmpcnents systematically t c track dcwn thescurce cf the trcuble as ncise generally includes thcse frcm rctating partsand sliding parts. -5. Engine noisy

1) Crankshaft bearings 1. Oil clearance excessive due to worn bearingsor crankshaft2. Crankshaft worn out-of-round3. Restrictions in oil ports4. Bearings seized up2) Connecting-rods or con-

necting-rod bearings

Replace or grindcrankshaftReplace or grincJCleanReplace or grindcrankshaftReplaceReplace or grindReplaceReplace or grindReplace) Pistons. piston pins andpiston rings

4) Others

1. Connecting-rod bearings worn2. Crankpins worn out-of-round3. Connecting-rod bent4. Bearings seized up1. Piston clearance excessive due to worn pistonand piston rings2. Piston or piston pin worn3. Piston pin seized up4. Piston rings broken1. Crankshaft thrust beari ng worn2. Camshaft end play excessive3. Idle gear end play excessive4. Timing gear backlash excessive5. Valve clearance excessive6. Tapp.e_~ and cams_worn _.

ReplaceReplaceReplaceReplaceReplace thrust bearingsReplace thrust collarReplaceAdjust

~~ce -AdjustAdjust

6. Fuel consumption excessive 1. Injection timing incorrect2. Volume of fuel injection excessive3. Clutch slipping4. Brakedragged5. Tires under-inflated~.~xcessive _u_s~~ qears -- Adjust7. Oil consumption excessive1) Oil burning ReplaceReplaceReplaceCorrectReplaceReplaceCleanReplace) Oil leaking past cylinderhead ReplaceReplaceTightenReplaceReplace

1. Clearance between piston and cylinderexcessive2. Piston rings or ring grooves worn3. Piston rings broken, worn or sticking4. Position of piston ring gaps incorrect5. Oil return holes in Oil control ring clogged6. Oil rings in poor contact with upper andlower faces7. Air breather clogged1. Clearance between valve stem and valveexcessive2. Valve stem oil seal worn3. Cylinder head gasket defective1. Clamping parts loosened2. Gaskets defective3. Oil seals defective

3) Oil leakage

or replaceeplaceor clean