Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Sexually Transmitted DiseasesandHIV/AIDSNote: Most of these materials are provided by UEN http://www.uen.org/Lessonplan/preview.cgi?LPid=43571STDs how many can you name?ChlamydiaGonorrhoeaAIDS/HIVPubic liceHepatitisSyphilisMYTHS OF STDsTrue or FalseMost people with an STD experience painful symptoms.Cleaning the affected area will get rid of STDs.Abstinence is the best way to prevent STDs.If you get an STD once, and are treated, you cant get it again.A person does not need to see a doctor if she/he notices scores on his/her genitals once, but then they go away.

STDsSTDs are diseases and infections which are capable of being spread from person to person through: sexual intercourse Mixed blood (contaminated needles, birth)SymptomsWhat are the symptoms? How would I know if I have been infected?Sores (either painful or painless)Blood in urineBurning sensation when urinatingRashesItchingBumpsWartsUnusual discharge from genital areasWhat you should know about STDsYou cannot tell if someone has an STD by his or her appearance.Most STDs have either very mild or no symptoms.Many STDs can be treated and cured, but early diagnosis is important.Because treatments for STDs vary, they must be accurately identified.STDs can recur because the body does not build up an immunity to them. STDs can cause sterility, blindness, deafness, and birth defects.ChlamydiaFour million new cases occur each year SYMPTOMS: fever, weight loss for no reason, swollen glands, fatigue, diarrhea, white spots on the mouth.FEMALE SYMPTOMS:Genital discharge (white or grey) or burning with urinationLower abdominal painBleeding between menstrual periods.Low-grade fever (later symptom)MALE SYMPTOMS:Genital discharge and/or burning when urinatingGenital burning and itchingPain and swelling in the testiclesLow grade feverGonorrheaEach year approximately 650,000 people in the United States are infected with gonorrhea People get gonorrhea from close sexual contactGonorrhea can also be spread from mother to child during birth. Gonorrhea infection can spread to other unlikely parts of the body

Gonorrhea SYMPTOMS:Symptoms may show up 2-21 days after having sexMay notice a yellow or white genital dischargeMay be a burning or pain when urinating More frequent urinationFemales: Bleeding between periods, heavier and more painful periodsSyphilisThe long range effects can be very serious, including death. Passed from person to person through direct contact with a syphilis sore Sores mainly occur on the external genitalia and the rectum. Sores can also occur on the lips and in the mouth. Symptoms Stage 1Symptoms usually appear 10-90 days after contact.An infected person gets a sore (chancre), which may be painful at the point of contact. The chancre is usually firm, round, small, and painless. It appears at the spot where the bacterium entered the body. The chancre lasts 1-5 weeks and heals on its own.This will disappear on its own, but may last 4-6 weeks. In the female, the chancre is often internal and cannot be seen.

Syphilis 1st StageSecondary Stagelasts 3-6 weeks. After the chancre comes a copper-colored skin rash which may appear on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, or in more severe cases covers the entire body. The rash may be accompanied by fever, headaches, indigestion, loss of appetite, or loss of hair in spots over the scalp.

Secondary StageThird Stage Latent PeriodAll symptoms disappear so that the victim thinks he/she is cured. If not treated, the bacterium remains in the body and begins to damage the internal organs including the brain, nerves, eyes, heart, blood vessels, liver, bones, and joints. Fourth Stage - TertiaryThe results of the internal damage from the 3rd stage shows up many years later.Ten, twenty, even thirty years after the initial infection - sudden heart attack, failure of vision, loss of motor coordination or mental disturbances.HerpesThere are two types of herpes Type I and Type II

Type I Cold sores not STDs!

Type II - STD

HerpesSymptoms usually show 2-20 days after contact. May be extremely painful or very mild. outbreaks of blisters and ulcers. Once infected with HSV, people remain infected for life.Only 25% of infected people have signs/symptomsStress, bruising, chaffing, or a womans period may cause an onset of the disease.Blisters on or around pubic area

HerpesSymptomsUsually the warts look like tiny cauliflowers, but sometimes they are flat. The warts may cause itching, burning and some pain, but often dont cause any pain at all. They might be so small that you cannot see them.Pubic Lice = CrabsPubic lice are called crabs because they look like crabs.Crabs are frequently the color and size of small freckles. These very small lice (crabs) usually attack the sexual (pubic) areas of the body. Spread through direct physical contact. Close body contact with an infected person. SYMPTOMS: A terrible, persisting itch in the genital area.

Crabs under microscopeWhich is the worst STD? Why?

PreventionAbstinence is the best way to prevent STDs.Visit your doctorAlways check for signsKeep clean!Remember:People who engage in premarital sex are nearly 50 percent more likely to divorce.3 million teens contract an STD each year some of which have no cure, are a leading cause of cervical cancer or can even lead to infertility.HIV/AIDSHuman Immunodeficiency VirusAuto Immune Deficiency SyndromeHIV/AIDSThere are three main ways you get AIDS:Sexual intercourse with an infected partnerSharing drug needles and syringes with an infected personAn infected person has a baby; the baby may be infected, too.

HIV/AIDSHIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is the virus that causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).AIDS is a deadly disease that interferes with the bodys natural ability to fight infection. Opportunistic infection is an infection that rarely occurs in a healthy person. Ex. AIDs patients developing pneumonia that cause death. Carriers are people who appear healthy but are infected with HIV and can pass it to others. A blood test is the only way to know whether you have HIV or not.

Diagnosis & TreatmentYou get diagnosed with AIDS through a blood test.No cure for AIDS.Treatment: Medicine slows HIV from growing and multiplying

HIV StatisticsHIV infection in humans is consideredpandemicby theWorld Health Organization(WHO). From its discovery in 1981 to 2006, AIDS killed more than 25 million people.HIV infects about 0.6% of the world's population.In 2009, AIDS claimed an estimated 1.8 million lives, down from a global peak of 2.1 million in 2004.Approximately 260,000 children died of AIDS in 2009.5 people aged 15-24 become infected with HIV every minute95% of AIDS cases occur in developing countries, with nearly 70% of all cases in sub-Saharan Africahttp://www.niaid.nih.gov/about/whoWeAre/Documents/global.pdf33How does HIV spread?1. Sexual Contact with an infected person. Just one time is all it takes to spread the virus. 2. Sharing Needles of any kind, mostly through drug users but also there is a risk from getting a tattoo or body piercing because their needles may be unclean.3. From mother to child either before or after delivery, or through breast-feeding.

How HIV is NOT SpreadBreathing the air

Being bitten by a mosquito

Swimming in a pool

Sharing Utensils

Donating blood

Hugging and shaking hands

Using the same shower, bathtub, or toilet as an infected person.

Whats the big deal?AIDS is a pandemic (a disease widespread across the world) Every hour, two Americans under age 20 are infected with HIV.Even though there are treatments, most people with AIDS are too poor to pay for it.HIV is killing people across the worldhttp://aidsprojectri.org/is-hiv-a-big-deal-anymore-2