Sex, Gender, and Culture
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Transcript of Sex, Gender, and Culture
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Sex, Gender, and Culture
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Learning Objectives
Distinguish between developed and developing nations.
Describe the different developmental approaches and how they have influenced women.
Identify reasons for women’s migration.Demonstrate an understanding of the assigned
readings by critically analyzing the main arguments.
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What is Development?
Development is the process of becoming “modernized” and “globalized”
Designation of a country as developed, developing, or underdeveloped (along with other terms) depends on which organization (WTO, UN, IMF) is categorizing them.
Terms from the UN Development Program webpage
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Development Terminology
Often Economic Basis for designation:Developing nation – non-industrialized
nationNote: may also be called ‘third world’
Developed nation – industrialized and market based
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Feminism and Development
Invisibility of women in economic development policies
Criticisms of traditional programs1.2.3.4.
Ex: ____________________African woman signs for credit
Miller, 2010, Cultural Anthropology in a Globalizing World
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Welfare Approach to Development
Targets women as mothersEncourages Western _____________Ex: _____________________________
Vs.
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Women in Development Approach
Top-down approach Women not consulted, empowered Types of WID projects
1.2.3.4.
Ex: _______________________
Jaquette & Staudt, 2006, Women, Gender, and Development
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Gender and Development Approach
Bottom-up approachDifficult to implementGender mainstreamingEx: ______________
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‘Washing Machines Make Lazy Women’
How do washing machines connect to gender identity?
How has the washing machine become a symbol to reinforce gender roles?
Material culture and gender: Where you surprised by this connection?
Housing in Soweto, South Africa
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Women and Migration: Feminization of Migration
Problems faced by migrant women are compounded by their being both women and migrants Can you think of some unique problems faced
by women?
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Migration and Women: Gulf States
Female migrants workers continue to increase in % within the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)
Since 1995, ________________________________________Saudi Arabia:
____________________________________ ___________________________________(Chammartin, 2005, para. 6)
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Migration and Women – Somali
Since early 1990s, women have fled ___________Many remain in ______________in other African
countriesUSA (OH, MN), Canada, Europe, Australia
Differences between _________________________Influence of ___________________________Opportunities in other countries_________
__________________________________(Gundel, 2002)
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Assigned Reading
1. What is meant by colonial feminism?
2. What is the American perception of the burqa and how does that differ from the way women who wear the garment perceive its meaning?
3. How do the concepts of ethnocentrism and cultural relativism relate to Abu-Lughod's argument?