City of MunichDepartment of Health and Environment

Urban Strategies to reduce

CO2 Emissions by 50 % by 2030

(i.e. by 10 % every five years)

Case Study Munich

Sevilla 2007 -Taking the Commitments to the Streets

A10 - Global responsibility: Ambitious CO2 reduction targets

City of MunichDepartment of Health and Environment

Population: ca. 1.3 million

Capital of Bavaria in Southern Germany

Third largest city after Berlin and Hamburg

Highly productive and still growing (controlled)

GDP: 54,000 EUR/capita

“English Gardens”: world-wide largest inner-city public park (373ha)

München (Munich)

City of MunichDepartment of Health and Environment

Task and Methodology

• Development of an ambitious strategy for the reduction of CO2 emissions in Munich in the fields of Energy and Transport

• Estimate of the effects of such a strategy on CO2 emissions of the City of Munich

• Development of a „climate protection road map“

• Assessment of applicability to other cities

Reference scenario by 2030

Prioritisation of fields of action

Suggestion of 43 municipal instruments

Climate protection scenarios

Climate protection Road Map

Measure Scenario

Target Scenario

A10 - Global responsibility: Ambitious CO2 reduction targets

City of MunichDepartment of Health and Environment

Energy demand in

homes, industry and

services

Fuel exchange for heating systems

Electricity generation from renewable energies (without Biomass)

Energy Savings in the Industry

Refurbishment of old buildings Energy saving in new buildings

Energy Management and Savings

Optimised object supply User habits

Lighting

“White goods“

CookingCommunication and Media Technology

Municipal Energy Demand

Industrial Energy Demand

Energy Conversion

Extension of CHP in local district heating

Extension of Cogeneration in district heat and industry

Biomass and Biogas in cogeneration plants

PassengerTransport

Avoidance of traffic measures

Mobility guidance and Communication

Instruments of public order and fiscal law

Pedestrian traffic Cycle traffic

Operational Mobility Management

Public Transport

Commercial Transport Organisation of Commercial

Transport Optimisation of driving technology(e.g. biogenetic fuels)

A10 - Global responsibility: Ambitious CO2 reduction targets

City of MunichDepartment of Health and Environment

Municipal Instruments of Energy Optimisation – Example „Munich Refurbishment Standard“

• CO2 reduction potential: ca. 41,000 t/a• Aims:

– Creation of an accredited quality standard– Improved quality of refurbishment

• Recommended steps for implementation:– Definition of standard (according to the Energy-saving

Ordinance (EnEV)– Implementation of best practice in refurbishments– Further training and accreditation procedures for

craftsmen– Promotion of the standard with building owners and

constructors– Higher share of energetic refurbishments in renewal of

the building stock

A10 - Global responsibility: Ambitious CO2 reduction targets

City of MunichDepartment of Health and Environment

Municipal Instruments Energy Saving – Example „Use of Biomass and Biogas in Cogeneration

Plants of the Utilities“

• CO2 reduction potential: ca. 260,000 t/a

• Aims:– Replacement of 10% of the fuels used in thermal power stations

by biogas and forest wood, respectively, or untreated waste wood

• Recommended steps for implementation:– Technical-economic feasibility study– Securing of fuel procurement

(Contracts with suitable suppliers, conveyance/wheeling (Supply of gas)

– Technical adaption measures– Use and balance of biogenic fuels

A10 - Global responsibility: Ambitious CO2 reduction targets

City of MunichDepartment of Health and Environment

Municipal instruments – Example Measures of Traffic Avoidance

• CO2 reduction potential: ca. 12,000 t/a

• Aims:– Reduction of travel distancies between living, working,

supply and recreation– Reduction of motorised individual traffic in the city

• Recommended single instruments for implementation:– Consideration of criteria for traffic avoidance in the

provision of housing– Organisational concepts for traffic avoidance

(e.g. markets-centres-concept, regional supply)– Car-free/near car-free residential quarters

A10 - Global responsibility: Ambitious CO2 reduction targets

City of MunichDepartment of Health and Environment

Climate protection scenarios

Reference Scenario• between 1987 and 2000 CO2

emissions dropped only by ca. 7%

• By 2030 a drop of ca. 21% is to be expected, mainlythrough– improved thermal

insulation of residential buildings

– optimisation of vehicle technologies

• after 2020 the proportionate power generation of nuclear plant Isar 2 has to be replaced

0

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12.000

1987 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030

1.00

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2/a

Reference Scenario Measure Scenario

Target Scenario

A10 - Global responsibility: Ambitious CO2 reduction targets

City of MunichDepartment of Health and Environment

Measure Scenario Measures which could be realized even in current frame conditions at a supra-regional level; cost-efficient measures

at low additional costs

Nearly 60% of emission reduction potentials are in households and homes.

- Estimates, e.g. regarding electricity and district heating - Increased application of

CHP– Additional combustion of

5% of biomass/biogas in ThPS

– Extension of water power and photovoltaics

• By 2030 a drop in emissions by ca. 44% compared to 1987 is possible(-23% in comparison with the reference scenario)

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6.000

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10.000

12.000

1987 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030

1.00

0 t

CO

2/a

Referenz-Szenario Maßnahmen-Szenario

Ziel-Szenario

A10 - Global responsibility: Ambitious CO2 reduction targets

City of MunichDepartment of Health and Environment

Target Scenario far beyond the instruments of the reference scenario

• Over 50% of reduction potentials are in households and homes, ca. 10% in the field of traffic

Estimates

• e.g. regarding electricity and district heating:

– Increased application of CHP

– Additional combustion of 10% biomass/biogas in ThPS

– More hydro power and photovoltaics

• By 2030 a drop in emissions by ca. 60% (vs.1987) seems possible(-39% in comparison with the reference scenario)

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8.000

10.000

12.000

1987 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030

1.00

0 t

CO 2

/a

Referenz-Szenario Maßnahmen-Szenario

Ziel-Szenario

A10 - Global responsibility: Ambitious CO2 reduction targets

City of MunichDepartment of Health and Environment

Climate Protection Road Map

• Aims of the Climate Protection Road Map:– Identification of current local options– Determination of priorities regarding the future climate

protection strategy, – Utilisation of synergies between different instruments

• The local coordination and support of climate protection measures are playing an important role

• Recommendations for focal points:– Self-binding obligation by the housing industry for the

energetic refurbishment of buildings– further development of a Munich standard of refurbishment – Information campaigns on effective lighting and stand-by

power in office buildings– More interaction and implementation of external contracting

in municipal real estate management– A higher provision for bicycle traffic in the municipal

budget

A10 - Global responsibility: Ambitious CO2 reduction targets

City of MunichDepartment of Health and Environment

Conclusions

• In Munich there are still considerable potentials for CO2 reduction (without or with low additional cost) partly combined with high additional benefits like noise protection, employment, etc.)

• For further CO2 reduction existing activities have to be stepped up and additional instruments have to be applied.

• Important actors are housing associations, utilities, and local firms.

• Munich‘s aim of cutting CO2 emissions in half by 2010 is out of reach. However, with an intensive climate protection programme the target can be reached between 2002 and 2030.

• Methodology and essential results of the study are applicable to other European cities.

A10 - Global responsibility: Ambitious CO2 reduction targets

City of MunichDepartment of Health and Environment

Thank you for your attention!

Further information:

http://www.muenchen.de/rgu

A10 - Global responsibility: Ambitious CO2 reduction targets