Session Governance - uganda rural water governance undp wgf (pp tminimizer)
Transcript of Session Governance - uganda rural water governance undp wgf (pp tminimizer)
Governance Prerequisites to Realising the Rural WASH MDGs
Alastair MorrisonUNDP Water Governance Facility at
SIWIKampala, 14th April 2010
Kampla 1
Millennium Development Goal 7 Target 7c
“Halve the number of people without safe drinking water and sanitation” •Almost 1 billion people lack clean drinking water•2.5 billion people have no access to hygienic sanitation facilities; 1.2 billion lack any sanitation facilities at all.•By 2015, over 784 million people need access to clean water•Each and every year, 173 million more people will need sanitation.
(Sources: UNICEF press kit, UNDP Human Development Report 2006)
Water and Sanitation
• But the world water crisis is rooted in poverty, power and inequality
• Not physical availability
• Better governanceis needed!
The problem:
• Technical programmes• Centralised state control• Privatisation• Decentralisation• Community based managementbut• Sustainability still a major challenge
Past approaches:
Range of stakeholders normally involved:• Central and local government• User groups• Communities and their leaders• Service providers• NGOs and CBOs• Private sector (spare parts suppliers, artisans)Interlinked relationships – best governance?
Today:
Global programme identifying governance requisites to meet
WASH MDGs:
Institutional prerequisites• agreed overall policy to addresses RWS, focussed on
MDGs• national and local coverage targets set out• strategies and investment plans for RWS laid out and
agreed• central and local government roles clearly defined• users’ role clearly defined to promote demand-
responsive investments• operators and regulators independent
and balanced
Rural Water Supply (RWS)
Operational prerequisites
• hand pumps promoted that can be managed and operated locally
• supply chain for spare parts efficiently organised, even in remote areas
• specific management model for small and medium towns
Rural Water Supply (RWS)
Operational prerequisites• professional support available for communities or
small operators (i.e. regarding O&M issues, strategic planning etc)
• local contractors and operators(incl. NGOs) with sufficientcapacity to reach the MDGs
Rural Water Supply (RWS)
Financial prerequisites• investment requirements to meet RWS MDGs assessed and
agreed by stakeholders • financial flows in the sub-sector sufficient to reach the
MDGs• cost-effective technical standards for small pipe systems• all O&M costs for RWS covered by the price of water
charged• extension costs for RWS covered by price of water charged
by RWS providers• financing mechanisms to encourage efficiency and improve
targeting of investments in rural areas (e.g. local investment funds)
Rural Water Supply (RWS)
Institutional prerequisites• Overall agreed policy to address RSH• Formal collaboration between Ministries in charge of
sanitation and related Ministries (e.g. Health, Education)
• Rural sanitation a priority in the PRSP• Institution to lead/coordinate the rural sanitation sector
Rural Sanitation and Hygiene(RSH)
Operational prerequisites• range of appropriate on-site sanitation facilities in use• supply chain of manufacturers and artisans (with
trained technicians)• capacity to deliver sanitation and hygiene programs at
levels required to meet MDGs• specific tools adapted for use to promote S&H in rural
areas and small towns
Rural Sanitation and Hygiene(RSH)
Financial prerequisites• investment requirements to meet RWS MDGs assessed
and agreed by major stakeholders• financial flows in the sub-sector sufficient to reach
MDGs• on-site sanitation facilities that are promoted through
national programs affordable to poor households• specific government budget allocations to RSH linked
to and commensurate with the MDG/PRSP target outcomes
Rural Sanitation and Hygiene(RSH)
Sector Coordination and Dialogue • functioning coordination framework between
Government and donors• harmonised donor approaches and procedures• civil society organisations in decision making at
national level• regular joint donor/government sector reviews
Overall sector sustainability
Information, Monitoring and Evaluation• clear agreement on definitions for WSS targets
(national and provincial levels)
• regular data collection mechanism to assess WSS coverage(household surveys, with disaggregated data - eg on gender)
• poverty benefits from WSS interventions understood(esp by Planning / Finance ministries – SWA meeting next week)
• monitoring of inputs vs outputs(finance – allocation and utilisation)
• specific unit within the WSS Ministry responsible for M&E
Overall sector sustainability
Transparency• transparency ensured in the sector, especially at the
local/district level, for water supply • (e.g. publicly available documentation, open process
for public comments, corruption being addressed)
Overall sector sustainability
Particular challenges• Range of non-state actors• Insecurity• Access• Oversight• Nevertheless
progressessential for global MDG targets
Fragile States
Water Supply Progress
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
18
Sanitation Progress
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
19
Elements for Success:
Wide range of governance issues• as strong as its weakest link?Water governance links to wider governance• State building• Transparency• Gender and equity• National Budget planning• MDG progress reportingAdvocate outside our own sector• Promote the benefits of WASH to other sectors• Financial benefits of our work• Sanitation and Water for All – Global Framework for Action
““The successful tackling of the WSS crises The successful tackling of the WSS crises could trigger could trigger
the next leap forward in human development” the next leap forward in human development” UNDP Human Development Report 2006UNDP Human Development Report 2006
Access to Water Supply & Sanitation matters !
Human Development is more closely linked to WatSan than any other variable, including health, education, gender equality and access to modern
energy services
Thank you!