Session 5 leveraging philanthropic investment-advocacy and policy change autumn 2014-2015

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Leveraging Philanthropic Investment:Advocacy & Policy Change

Sciences Po – Economics & Business

Judith Symonds ([email protected])

Autumn Semester 2014/2015

New Philanthropy & Social Investing

New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015

Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy Change

Session Format

–Outlines for Final Paper – Missing Submissions–14:50 – Lobbying and Policy Change–15:50 – Spontaneous Assignment, “The Elusive Craft of Evaluating Lobbying?”

• Myriam Malki• Jerome Morvan

–16: 05 – Group 4: Clinton Foundation – Health initiative

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• Why Advocacy & Philanthropy

– To leverage philanthropic investment

– To bring about systemic change

“In the funding community, if you want systematic change, the way to get it is through advocacy…Direct services solve the immediate problem, but systematic change is created through public policy” 3

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• What is Advocacy?

– Advancing an idea– Advancing a position– Leveraging value– Catalyzing Change– Enriching the debate

• When is it lobbying?– Direct lobbying– Indirect lobbying

• What is the Problem? U.S. Foundations –example

– 12% of $30 billion goes for Public Affairs/Society Benefit vs. 25% Education Sector

– Charitable organizations spend 2% on advocacy &lobbying - 16

– Europe % of philanthropy for advocacy is relatively low

– Foundations tend to define their role in relation to the state.

– Changing as the role of the state and philanthropy become strategic

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Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeWhat is advocacy?


• Making the Case – Research & Policy Development: setting the policy agenda

• Constituency capacity building, organizing and mobilizing

• Grassroots mobilising• Forming and sustaining coalitions: making current

advocates more effective• Using media, monitoring, evaluating, and communicating

progress• Litigation (National, EU & Int’l courts)• Direct approach to policy makers – within legal

limitations (Lobbying)

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Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeHow do you advocate?


• Policy advocacy is a process that requires a long-term strategy

• Every advocacy effort requires insiders and outsiders• You don’t have to be there, but you have to be there

(Washington, Brussels, etc)• You can buy access (paid lobbyists)• What is required to play, is to play* At the Crossroads: A Study of Federal HIV/AIDS Advocacy, Derek Hodel, The Ford Foundation , May

2004

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Challenges & Risks

Evaluation & Impact Assessment

The Role of Funders in Advocacy

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New Philanthropy & Social InvestingOEBU 2080A – Autumn Semester 2014/2015 8

Engagement in Policy Change

Country

Active Involvement Denmark, Hungary, Poland United States

Moderate Involvement

Belgium, Czech Republic, Estonia, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, UK

Less, not at all Austria, Finland, France, Italy, Norway, Sweden

*Macdonald, Norine, de Borms, Luc Tayart, « Philanthropy in Europe: A Rich Past, A Promising Future, » Alliance Publishing, 2008.

Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeEuropean and US Foundation policy change*


ADVOCACY APPROACHES

PHILANTHROPY POLICY

PUBLIC POLICY: ISSUES

PUBLIC POLICY: IDENTITY-BASED

Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeAdvocacy approaches


PUBLIC POLICY: IDENTITY AND ISSUES - BASED

FUNDING NETWORKS & AFFINITY GROUPS

Example: Funders Concerned About Aids:“to mobilize and motivate effective funder responses

To HIV/AIDS worldwide” Ford FoundationExamples: Climate Change, Child Protection, ONE

Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeNetworks and Affinity groups


Case Studies



Funders –

Objectives

Recipient

Results:

* Foundation Center, 2009

US Foundations

Significantly increase engagement and funding to fight Climate Change

Comprehensive range of grants – 25% for policy change

Doubled in numbers and increased from $ 100 million - $ 850 million from 2001 - 2008

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Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeClimate Change


Grantmaking for Community Impact Project

– $ 231 million from foundations and other donors produced $ 26.6 billion in benefit for taxpayers and communities in 13 states

– Every dollar grantmakers invest in policy and civic engagement provided a return of $115 in community benefit.

– Hundreds of policies affected for: additional government spending, and/or savings, making programmes more efficient

– 700,000 people in 13 states – given a voice– 321 grant makers

• Full series of studies: http://www.ncrp.org/campaigns-research-policy/communities/gcip

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Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeROI of $ 115 - 1


Grantmaking for Community Impact Project

– $ 231 million from foundations and other donors produced $ 26.6 billion in benefit for taxpayers and communities in 13 state

– Focus on the most marginalised and underserved groups: children and youth, low- wage earners, families living in poverty, people with disabilities, people of colour

– 3 most effective policy campaigns: • Raising minimum state or local wages• Increased funding for public schools and pre-kindergarten• Catalyzing affordable housing development

• Full series of studies: http://www.ncrp.org/campaigns-research-policy/communities/gcip

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Leveraging Philanthropic Investment: Advocacy & Policy ChangeROI of $ 115 - 1


• Objective: Transform the U.S. Policy Landscape to Reflect Conservative & Neo-Conservative Values

• Long – term investment in ideas and the policy landscape:– Cato Institute– American Enterprise Institute – Heritage Foundation– Manhattan Institute

• Parallel Support of “Like-minded” Political Candidates• Result: A New Political Landscape with trillions of dollars• Philanthropists cost: $70 million / year (est.)

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Philanthropy, Advocacy and Policy ChangeCase Study – U.S. Conservative Revolution


Political & Social Context in Ireland in the 90s

– Economic Boom– Highly qualified workforce, but neglected research– Issues as Perceived by Atlantic Philanthropies

• Deficit of strategic management of higher education• Disjointed university system• “less than satisfactory performance by university

sector”

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Philanthropy, Advocacy and Policy ChangeHigher Education in Ireland & Atlantic Philanthropies


Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

Malaria Advocacy Campaign

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2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Advocacy grants

Films of Record, “Fever Road”

•UNF – “Next Rotary”•Kaiser Foundation•MIM Conference

•Red Cross •Johns Hopkins – VOICES•World Economic Forum•UNF – “Nothing But Nets”•Malaria Consortium – GFTAM TA

•UNF – “Next Rotary” Phase II•PSI – ACT Market Watch

•UNF Malaria Partnership •World Economic Forum• Global Business Coalition on HIV/AIDS, TB, and Malaria•UNICEF – GFTAM TA•AED – Taxes and Tariffs•Malaria No More DC

Advocacy components

of IDD grants

MVI MVI IBRD – ACT subsidy

MACEPA

Use of foundation

voice

•Co-chair trip to Mozambique•Bill Financial Times op-ed

•MACEPA announcement•MVI / MMV announcement•LA Times malaria editorials/New Yorker article

•Melinda Zambia trip•MCTA announcement•Funder’s Consultation

Malaria Forum •NY malaria event

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Overview of foundation’s malaria advocacy activitesEmphasis on using foundation “voice” as well as grant-making

• Johns Hopkins University – VOICES (2006)– Regional advocacy: Coordinate African malaria advocacy network with NGOs in Ghana, Kenya,

Mali, Mozambique– Global advocacy: Work with donor countries, opinion leaders, Global Fund, RBM, other

advocates on malaria issues– Track funding trends from World Bank, Global Fund, governments, and other funders

• Red Cross / European Alliance Against Malaria– Build advocacy in France, Germany, Spain, UK and EU– Partner with JHU on global advocacy

• Nothing But Nets – $3 million challenge grant– Platform for engaging new partners: Methodists, Lutherans, National Basketball Association,

Major League Soccer


Examples of Malaria Advocacy Grants 2006


• Malaria Forum (2007)– Foundation leadership commitment, Keynote speeches by Bill and Melinda Gates– Leadership Summit: Participation from WHO, Global Fund, World Bank, US government and Ministers of

Health from four African countries– Country Roundtables: Separate side meetings led by Ministers of Health from Ethiopia, Mozambique, Tanzania

and Zambia– Technical breakout topics including costing, monitoring and evaluation, reaching new partners, drug

resistance, clinical trials, research partnerships

• ACT Market Watch (2007)– Monitor price and availability of artemisinin combination therapies in eight target countries – Population Services International

• UNF Malaria Partnership (2008)– UN Foundation secretariat and technical support for two denomination-wide campaigns in the U.S.– United Methodist Church and Lutheran World Relief

• AED (2008)– Understand the role tariffs and taxes play in malaria commodity access and end-user price– Collect and analyze T&T data for malaria commodities across many countries– Develop advocacy strategy in tandem with research

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Examples of Malaria Advocacy Activities & Grants 2007-2008


Media points = articles with keywords in lead paragraph or headline and as the major subject of the article (Articles about Global Fund excluded)

Genome mapped

Mozambique trip/Gates funding

Vaccine trials

Celebrities, PMI

Foundation strongly present in malaria media

Gates funding, PMI

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Using our voice: Malaria in the media


• Raising malaria profile on the global agenda– Foundation efforts created building blocks for momentum that exists today including solidifying donor commitment (PMI,

World Bank)– Malaria Forum brought together leading scientists, business executives, policymakers, and political leaders to discuss and

advance the malaria control agenda– Co-chairs and WHO Director-General call for eradication put eradication back on the agenda

• Strengthening RBM partnership and improving effectiveness– Increased engagement of the global malaria community and recognition of RBM as the primary coordinating mechanism

for malaria control– Improved governance of the partnership

• Building grassroots/grasstops advocacy and funding in the US – UNF Malaria Partnership – The United Methodists Church (9 million members in the U.S.) and Lutheran Church (8 million

members in the U.S.) committed to raising $200 million for malaria– Nothing but Nets – Engaged 60,000 individuals, raised $18M for bednets, and distributed more than 700,000 nets across

Africa

• Increasing ACT availability– Affordable Medicines Facility for Malaria – The global community has endorsed a financing mechanism which will

provide ACTs at reduced prices and increase overall use, availability and affordability of ACTs. A detailed technical plan for launching the subsidy will be submitted to the 13th RBM Board meeting in November 2007

– ACT Market Watch – Monitors price and availability of artemisinin combination therapies in eight target countries

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Foundation’s Malaria advocacy successes


1 Catalyze global agenda around control and eradication

• Use foundation voice to maintain global visibility and momentum

• Help drive global architecture, including evolving and maturing RBM partnership

• (Need to ensure that we are transparent with others about our agenda and role)

2 Ensure adequate funding for malaria control and R&D

• Maintain (and grow) commitments from existing donor base

• Recruit new donors• "Channeling the energy" of donors in

useful directions (create new vehicles if needed)

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4 Build evidence base to support the malaria agenda

• Commission research to fill gaps in evidence needed for policy and advocacy

• Ensure others commit sufficient resources and attention to gathering evidence (e.g., M&E, resistance monitoring, resource flows, etc)

1. Catalyze global agenda

2. Ensurefunding4. Build

evidencebase

Support and showcase models of success

• Concerted efforts in targeted African countries – from political leaders down to grassroots

• Development of African leadership and voice; build local capacity

3. Support and showcase models

of success

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Our new objectives for the Malaria advocacy strategy


• Our strategy, initiatives and grant-making are firmly rooted in our past successful efforts

– Increasing the visibility of malaria as a global health priority

• But broadened focus to reflect different stage of community, call for eradication– Implementation, need success stories in Africa

• We will engage additional groups as part of the broader foundation advocacy agenda, rather than with malaria specific activities

– Other donor countries (outside of US and Europe)– Private sector

• May broaden our focus in the near future based on evolution of foundation programs

– Go deep in Europe – build out of European presence

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Advocacy efforts will focus in targeted areas to maximize impact


Advocacy evaluation: art vs. Science– The ‘Elusive Craft point of view: (spontaneous

discussion)– The ‘science point of view: framework & indicators:

• ‘Who will acemerginghieve a given change or accomplish a given task?What will change or be accomplished through the effort?

• When will the change or accomplishment occur.• How much change will occur or be the level of

accomplishment?• How do we know the change or accomplishment has

occurred?

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Advocacy and Policy ChangeEvaluating Advocacy

Session 5 leveraging philanthropic investment-advocacy and policy change autumn 2014-2015

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Transcript of Session 5 leveraging philanthropic investment-advocacy and policy change autumn 2014-2015