Session 4 Youth Unemployment China Presentation
Transcript of Session 4 Youth Unemployment China Presentation
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Addressing Youth Unemployment in China
By Mr.Du Dong International Department
All-China Youth Federation
20 June, 2008
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Part Ⅰ
Challenges
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Best educated generation in history — <WRD 2007>.
youth unemployment is waste of human resources.
social, economic, political problem
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283 million young people aged 14 to 29 in China. (2005)
Supply and demand comparison in the labor market
Supply of working population24 million
Job positions10million
Growth trend in the coming years gap14 million
China Employment Statistics 1
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China Employment Statistics 2
Registered unemployment rate in cities :
2004: 4.3% 2005: 4.2% 2006: 4.2% 2007: 4.6% Seems low,but… 485 million labors in rural are not counted, majority of the abu
ndant rural labor (totaling 150 million) is youth
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China Employment Trend
Since 1990, the employment content of growth is going down rapidly.
The employment in formal sector is going rapidly down, while the employment in informal sector is growing.
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Big challenges for youth employmentin cities and rural areas
New entrants to labor market annually: 10 million
Among which, Colleague graduates reach 4.95 million in 2007, an increase of 0.82 million than 2006
(from 2003 to 2007, the graduates are increasing by
46%, 32%,21%, 30%,20% than previous year) 70% of the registered unemployed in cities are under 35
years old (5.6 million in 2004) 70% of the migrant workers are young people aging
between 16-35.
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Part Ⅱ
4E Stategy
Employment Creation Entrepreneurship Employability Equal Opportunity
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1. Employment Creation for Youth
Chinese government adheres to employment-improving macroeconomic policies
Through active financial policies and moderate monetary policies, expend the domestic demand, promote employment through sustained economic growth.
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Experience
Traditional notion: employment will increase naturally following the sustained economic growth.
continuous economic growth is essential, but not sufficient. growth in quality and quantity. Review economic policies from the perspective of promoti
ng employment. Central goal —— byproduct
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2. Creating Youth Employment through Entrepreneurship
Implement a development strategy that promotes job creation and encourage entrepreneurship to create more employment opportunities.
—— government work report 2007
Foster entrepreneurial culture. historical entrepreneurial culture; local culture
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Entrepreneurship development chart
Government,college inputs
Intelligence ( KAB,SYB + local brand )
Training
Angel fund
Intelligence( mentors’ guide )
Start up Development
SME loans
Venture capital
Private fund
intelligence ( mentor + management courses )
Listed in stock market
Cumulate credits
Generate credit
Security fund
practice:Mobile class,
concomitant teacher,Experience sharing
academic :MBA , EMBA
Expansion
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China Youth Entrepreneurship Campaign
Goal optimize the environment for entrepreneurship and promote trai
ning for entrepreneurship
Achievements(1998-2006) helped 86,000 young people start their businesses;
Mid-term Objective (2007-2010) help 500,000 young people learn business start-up skills; help 200,000 young people start their businesses
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Awareness Raising Event
publicity and awareness-raising activities
China Youth Entrepreneurship Award -- jointly launched by ACYF and the Ministry
of Labor from 2004;
-- 10 award winners annually
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Entrepreneurship Education
KAB project (ILO-Know About Business) -- successful pilot operation in 81 universities; -- plans to expand to 2000 universities in 2010
Seminars and Workshops -- train over 950,000 young people
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Professional consultancy on one-to-one basis
Internship opportunities
Youth business incubator
Provide Business Start-up Service
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Provide financial support
China Youth Entrepreneurship Small-loan Program
Launched in 20 provinces in 2007Current Development in 7 provinces:
-- total amount of 159 million RMB yuan;
-- support 38 enterprises and over 130 young start-ups.
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3. Improve employability of the youth
Core function of educainal system
Better connection with schools and enterprises.
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Employability (1)
Provide intermediary service Set up 483 youth employment service centers/job
centers and 770 youth re-employment markets, which in total organized 6800 workshops/seminars, provide employment consultancy for 4.72 million youth and help over 1.2 million youth employed.
Chine Youth Entrepreneurship Website and its 15 online job markets.
Provide job opportunities to 834,000 in 107 key cities.
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Employability (2)
Conduct skill/vocational training provide skills training for 2.8 million laid-off or
unemployed youthprovide employment consultancy and employability
training for 650,000 university students provide 28 million migrant young workers in 6830
training centers in cities help 1.54 million rural youth improve employability in
rural youth centers
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Employability (3)
Provide employment assistance for disadvantaged groups
team support
one-to-one assistance
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4. Equal opportunity
Against prejudice, discrimination, obstacles toward youth employment.
CSO engaged in consultation process of Employment Promotion Law which was released in August 2007,China.
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Employment Promotion Law
Policy support and legal obligations
double-edged sword
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Part Ⅲ
Youth employment priority
targeted groups and main
characteristics in China
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Youth employment priority targeted groups
College graduates Expansion of higher education; China is in an age of substantial social transition and
young people’s failure to start their career development will not only lead to waste of human resources, but also possibly trigger serious social problems.
Rural migrant youth Urbanization of the country; balance the development
between the urban and rural areas.
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Main Characteristics
Pooling Resources Together
• build up networks of relevant partners;
• act as focal point for inter-governmental or cross-sector theme groups
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Institutionalizing Youth Initiatives
• 500 youth employment service center/job center were established in cities;
• 1100 youth centers were set up in rural areas
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Delivering Services through ACYF’s Broad Network
– 12 national-level member organizations– 36 federations in provinces, autonomous regions (including
municipalities at provincial level) – 3 million youth league branches– 183,000 full-time youth workers– 70 million communist youth league members (aging between 14-
28);– 1717 ACYF individual members at national level and 60476
individual members at provincial and local level (aging under 40) 13.5 million registered young volunteers
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Part Ⅳ
Future plans
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Advocate for a national policy and action plan on youth employment
Expand the scale and improve quality for youth employment
Cultivate a popular youth entrepreneurship culture
Further promote international cooperation on youth employment
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Thanks!