1. The role of the private sector, PPPs and intellectual property management in technology transfer Ian Barker Head Agricultural Partnerships

2. Sygnenta Foundation for Sustainable Agriculture The Foundation is a non-profit organization established by Syngenta under Swiss law. The Foundation can access company expertise, but is legally independent and has its own Board. We focus on pre-commercial farmers; Syngenta works primarily with commercial growers. The Foundation is free to choose the most suitable products and methods for its projects. Syngenta is one of many potential partners. 2 3. Our mission Increasing productivity of pre-commercial farmers Enabling sustainable resource management Linking farmers to input and output markets 3 4. Global Presence 4 5. Kilimo Salama: index linked micro-insurance 6. Growth 2009 2012 LR 6 2009 2010 2011 2012 Sum Insured 900,000 54,400,00 195,500,0 473,000,0 Premium 90,000 5,120,000 18,810,00 36,504,00 0 5,000,000 10,000,000 15,000,000 20,000,000 25,000,000 30,000,000 35,000,000 40,000,000 0 100,000,000 200,000,000 300,000,000 400,000,000 500,000,000 Premiums(ksh) SumInsured(ksh) Sum Insured, Premiums Sum Insured Premium 2009 2010 2011 2012 Farmers Insured 200 11,500 23,500 66,800 Farmers Retained - 40 8,500 20,000 Retail 200 3,500 4,500 7,000 Group - 8,000 19,000 59,800 - 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 Farmers Insured, Retained Farmers Insured Farmers Retained Retail Group 7. Mobile technology to support farming as a business FarmForce 8. Savings-linked extension and seed supply: Mali 9. Access to Seed of new varieties for many crops in Africa is still a problem: Technology left on the shelf Access to quality seed of improved varieties is the key in modernization of small-holder agriculture: tackling the yield gap, improving nutrition and livelihoods Availability of quality seed of many crops is very limited in SSA, with exception of hybrid maize in some East and Southern African countries. Public Private Partnerships hold key to progress, but require, trust, risk sharing and common goals. 9 10. 10 Is the India small seed company model part of the way forward in Africa? 100% Market 1960 2000199019801970 NARS Rockefeller Foundation New Seed Policy 1986 Small Indian seed companies Seeds Act 1964 Large Indian Cos MNCs Private sector research ICRISAT 1972 (CIMMYT) India SSA key staple crops IRRI 1971 SSA hybrid maize Kenya 11. 11 Area share of maize seed types 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% South Africa Kenya Egypt Zambia Malawi Tanzania Uganda Ghana Nigeria Ethiopia Cte d'Ivoire Burkina Faso Cameroon Guinea Benin Mozambique Togo Proprietary Public Saved Source: Global Seed Market Database, 2010 In Africa, most seed systems are informal (farmer-based) and low-yielding Our 4 core crops occupy 29 Mio ha in Africa and support 100 million smallholders with little or no access to seed 12. The 71 members of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) 12 13. 13 Accelerated seed and variety development platform Accelerated variety release Proprietary access to public/ private bred germplasm-IPR Harmonization- East and West Africa CommercialSeedSystem1. Potato Kenya Tanzania Mali (Indonesia) CommercialSeedSystem2. Beans Kenya Rwanda Commercialseedsystem3. Sorghum Rice Mali Senegal Cote DIvoire Crop and country focus for SFSA Seed project 1 2 3 4 14. 14 Seeds2B: model and current partners- added value in Africa Private Seed Company Finance Working capital Investment Business training Germplasm Foundation seed proprietary varieties (licensing) Risk Advanced market committments Input insurance (KS) Technology Seed production Seed care Seed company needs to have: Enabling policy environment Access to and confidence in markets Access to proprietary germplasm 15. Seeds2B: strategic facilitating partner Aspen Institute based staff (Washington DC): Project facilitatition, advocacy, enabling policy environment (Breaking the Barriers) Based in Brussels and Geneva: developing licensing tools and strategy Merchant Bank based in London: developing business models AATF based in nairobi: potential scaling partner for Seeds2B 16. Potato production in Africa including Kenya 16 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 1993 1998 2003 2009 Area Yield Production Second crop after maize in Kenya Important short-cycle cash and subsistence crop in highlands of East Africa Demand growing at 3.1% p.a. Average yields of 7.8 t/ ha (FAOSTAT 2005) but many progressive farmers achieve 25t/ha Less than 1% of seed planted is quality seed, compared with 20% in India and China and 30% in Brazil 17. Large commercial farms can be successfully linked to smallholder enterprises: in this case as seed suppliers and offering training (Kenya). 17 18. Minituber production 19. Field multiplication 20. Kisima Foundation: Smallholder field days 21. First commercial certified potato seed in Iringa, Tanzania: Mtanga Farm 21 Private sector investment and support from private foundations has seen investment in the production and dissemination of publically bred (CGIAR- CIP) improved potato varieties carrying pro-poor traits (disease resistance) Field multiplication from this pilot investment (AECF) will supply seed for 7000 small-holder farmers. Further private investment will scale this. Registration (with Trans Farm Africa) of new varieties by the Tanzanian authorities in 2012, using Kenyan and ugandan data (EAC harmonized protocol), and continued training of TOSCI by KEPHIS in field certification and seed testing). 22. Opportunities to promote variety technology transfer To develop cross-center partnerships and platforms to evaluate promising germplasm and promote accelerated variety development (progress in EAC) and diffusion models with NARS and regulatory partners. Evaluate fair and transparent models (leveraging private sector investment, expertise and equitable benefit sharing) for offering commercial licences to varieties derived from IARC/NARS germplasm to private sector seed companies (and private to private). Jointly exploring and promoting IPR mechanisms and strategies for disseminating PGRFA material under development (International Treaty) through PVP systems. 22 23. A possible strategy for accelerated technology transfer of improved pubic bred germplasm Re-evaluate thinking on appropriateness of IPG concept in relation to variety development and dissemination amongst public sector breeders (IARCS and NARS) and the development of more impact and market-oriented programs (through development of innovative partnership PPPs, and utilizing IPR tools for the benefit of the poor). Development of benefit sharing models, linked to PPPs, that incentivize private sector engagement and provide either long term sustainable income streams for public breeding and in-situ conservation or evidence of adoption depending on institutional mandates. Building the evidence base23 24. Martin Dyer Jonathan Moss Derek Roulston Elmar Schulte-Gelderman Dinah Borus Eugene Terry Jung-ui Sul Clemens Calice George Osure