Service System for Social Innovation in Education: A

Developing Country PerspectiveSiddike, Md. Abul Kalam, Youji Kohda and Iffat Tasnim Haque

Graduate School of Knowledge ScienceJapan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Japan

{kalam,kohda,s1350208}@jaist.ac.jp1st December 2014

Presentation Outline•Background and research objectives•Research methodology and results• Service system template for social innovation (SI)•Proposed new social innovation• Future research directions

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Research Background and Objectives

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Social Innovation (SI) as a Service

• SI is a novel solution to a social problem (Phills et al., 2008).

• SI is very urgent issue for solving very complex problems in our society.

• In service science it is considered that “everything is service”. SI is considered as a service.

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Service System for Social Innovation

•Business model is the exchange of money and goods.

• Service system is the extension of business model.

• In case of SI, there is no service system in the social domain at the beginning. Therefore, we need to develop a new service system to solve the social problems from the scratch.

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Research Goals• In this research, we focus on education in a

developing country.• In the developing countries, there are variety of

pressing issues.• Formal education systems in the developing countries

are unable to meet the demand of the poor people.• Therefore, some individual social entrepreneurs of are

putting their system changing ideas into practice.

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Research Objectives• To develop service system template for social

innovation in the field of education;

• To suggest a new social innovation through the combination of MOOCs and crowdsourcing in the field of education in the developing countries.

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Our Approach• First, we review literature on “Effectuation theory” and

“Institutionalization”.• Secondly, we use 17 “Ashoka Fellows” in the field of

“Education” in Bangladesh.• Ashoka is the world’s largest association of leading social

entrepreneurs. • From this, finally we will develop “service system template”

for SI in developing countries.

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Literature Review

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Two Phases of Social Innovation• In the entrepreneurship, the process of effect change in

market is called “effectuation”. • Effectuation theory describes the process of system change

and to what extent the system will be changed we cannot control and can not predict. • It is a try and error process.•When the beneficiary group becomes large, then the

participation to the group becomes as a social norm. This social norm is related to social institutionalization.

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Development Process of Social Innovation

Target for social innovation

Employment opportunity

Educational opportunity

Additional educational materials

Firs

t pha

se o

f SI

Support for social innovation

Seco

nd

phas

e of

SI

Effectuation

Institutionalization or social norm

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Case Analysis

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Selection of Cases• We selected 17 “Ashoka Fellows” in the field of “Education” in

Bangladesh.• Ashoka Fellows are leading social entrepreneurs who recognize

to have innovative solutions to social problems and the potential to change patterns across society. • Ashoka maintains very rigorous process for selection of Fellows. • The description of each case contains essential information of

the essence of success factor of SI. • Even the analysis of 17 cases are considered as good source for

the development of final service system template.13

Procedures of Analysis• Initially, we retrieve of 17 cases from Ashoka database from 1988-2008.• Secondly, three researchers read individually all the cases for

understanding the essence of service system of every case.• Thirdly, each member present his or her understanding of the essence

of every case during “Social Innovation Research Group Meeting”. • During the discussion, we develop service system for each case. But the

components of each service system was same. In some cases, it was different. • Through this way, finally we develop the final service system for SI

innovation in the field of education in developing countries.

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Ashoka Fellows in Education of Bangladesh

Cases Ashoka Fellows Year of election

1 Muhammad Ibrahim Sobhan 1988/1/182 Mashuda Khatun Shefali 1990/12/303 Mohammaed Serajul Islam (Shaikh) 1992/11/24 Samnata Barua 1993/6/295 Runa doja Khan 1994/12/66 Mahbuba Leena 1994/12/317 Mostafa Shiblee 1996/1/138 Afsan Chowdhury 1998/1/109 Mahabub Zamal Shamim 1998/1/10

10 Fatima Khanam 1998/12/2711 Shahidul Chowdhury 2001/9/2712 Quazi Iqbal Sabery 2002/6/1613 Shamushul Palash 2002/6/1614 Matin　 Ahmed 2003/6/2515 Omar Azad Chowdhury 2004/7/2816 A.K.M. Masksud 2006/8/617 Munir Hasan 2008/8/18

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Social Problems in the Field of Education

• Education is luxuries and expensive for the poor and landless families.• Student are less creative due to lack of user friendly and goal oriented text-books.• Learning computers are not available in the rural areas.• University student politics creates violence and distraction from education.• Children have less opportunity outside the classroom to utilize their time in

creative activities in rural areas.• Children have less attraction and more fear in learning science.• Bede community is deprived from the socio-economic benefits.• Mathematics as an optional subject in 11 and 12 grade creates less science

graduates.

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get hirededucate

Entrepreneurs

Students

Educator

TraditionalTrainingContent

AddedTrainingContent

Skilled English teachers and IT experts from universities

pay

Provide English education

support

Educational opportunity Employment opportunity

IT Education with English Language (1)

IT Education with English Language (2)

• Here, entrepreneurs provide IT education with English language.

• Experienced and skills teachers are hired from American Embassy, BUET and renowned universities of Bangladesh for teaching computers and English language.

• As computer education is not enough for getting jobs that’s why the entrepreneurs provide English language additionally free of cost.

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Need educationeducate

Entrepreneurs

Women

Educator

Safe housing

Literacy training

Women are already working in Garments industry

provide

support

Educational opportunity Employment opportunity

Literacy Education of Women Workers (1)

Literacy Education of Women Workers (2)

• Here women are working in the garment industry. But they are illiterate.• They need safe housing and illiteracy skills.• Entrepreneurs make safe housing as well as night school at

the safe home for providing torch of education among the women.• Entrepreneurs also provide good education for the children

of the women.

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Service System Template for Social Innovation

Get hiredEducate

Supporter

Target

Entrepreneur

Traditionaleducational material

Additionaleducational material

for the work

who needs people properly educated

Pay

Support

Education opportunity

Employment opportunityEmployer,

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Proposed Application of MOOCs and Crowdsourcing for New SI

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Massive Open Online Courses• Now ICT is well-developed

and people are enjoying the blessing of ICT.

• MOOCs aim to unlimited participation and open access via the web.

• Provides interactive user forums to build community.

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Crowdsourcing• ‘Crowdsourcing’ as a ‘task matching’

or ‘search and suitable matching’ with some exchange of money. • Here, people can make money by

working on HITs• Human Intelligence Tasks - are

individual tasks that you work on• As a Mechanical Turk Worker we: • Can work from home • Choose our own work hours • Get paid for doing good work

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Application of MOOCs and Crowdsourcing for New SI

Get tasksLearn

NGO

RuralpeopleTraditional

educational material

Computer literacy, business literacy, etc.

Micro tasks, such as human picture analysis, icon design, and opinion survey

Provide

Support

MOOCs Crowdsourcing

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Conclusion• Propose a new SI in the field of education in Bangladesh through the

combination of MOOCs and crowdsourcing.• Application of MOOCs will enhance the online experiences and

increase computer literacy skills of the rural people.• Therefore, rural people will get opportunities to do some jobs through

crowdsourcing.• People might think that the new SI through the combination of

MOOCs and crowdsourcing is still decades away from realization, but we expect that it will be put into practice in the near future with backing from the rapid changes in the world.

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Questions Please??!!!Thank you very much!!!

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