Service Delivery and Accountability
description
Transcript of Service Delivery and Accountability
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INTERNATIONAL FOODPOLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTEsustainable solutions for ending hunger and poverty Ghana Strategy Support
Program
Service Delivery and Accountability
Regina Birner
Kamiljon Akramov, Felix Asante, Nethra Palaniswamy and Leah Horowitz
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Agricultural Services for Inclusive Growth
• Agriculture for Development!• To reach Middle Income Status, agriculture has to
play a key role in the economy.• To overcome increasing regional income disparities,
improving productivity is essentialstaple food production in the North
• Agricultural services key to reach this goal• How can agricultural services be provided more
effectively?• How to reach small-holders and women?• What have we learned from the past?
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Outline
• Introduction• What is the problem with agricultural
services?• Some examples from Upper East
• How to solve the problem?• Strategies to improve agricultural service provision
• Empowering farmer-based organizations (FBOs)• Decentralization
• Questions for debate and further research
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What is the problem?Crop yields in the Upper East (87-05)
-
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
1.40
ton
s/h
a
Millet
Guinea corn
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What is the problem?Crop yields in the Upper East (87-05)
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0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
ton
s/h
a Rice
Maize
Groundnuts
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Agricultural Service Provision
• What are the bottlenecks to improving staple crop production in the North?• Technology? Agricultural research and extension• Irrigation? Increasing access and efficiency • Risk? Instruments for risk management• Input markets? Access to inputs and finance • Output markets Important for food staples
• FASDEP II• Addresses all areas – priorities?• Focus on improved accountability and gender-
responsiveness
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Strategies to Improve Agricultural Service Provision
• Demand-side strategies: Improving farmers’ ability to demand better services (feature strong in FASDEP II)
• Farmer-based organizations (FBOs)
• Research Extension Liaison Committees
• FBO Development Fund to access technologies
• Water User Associations (WUAs) for irrigation
• Political decentralization
• Elected representatives to hold service providers accountability
• Supply-side strategies: Improving the ability of the agricultural administration to provide better services• Administrative decentralization• Public sector management reforms, civil service reforms
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Example: Small reservoirs
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Preliminary results from a stock-taking survey
* Technical problems* Procurement problems
* Land rights issues* Gender issues
IFPRI – Water Challenge Program, 2006/7
Small Reservoirs in the Upper East
FBO-Approach
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Can Decentralization Help?
• Political decentralization
• District Assembly Member as “doorstep politician”
• Where are agricultural issues on his/her priority list?
• Role not matched by discretion over funds and influence on public administration
• Will reforms help? (Election of DCE and all DA members?)
• Few women among the elected members
• What happens if all members are elected?
• Administrative decentralization
• Agricultural field staff “in between” line ministry and DA
• What will be the effect of Local Government Service
• Fiscal decentralization• Composite budget, District Development Fund
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The untapped potential of districts- Index of time needed to access services -
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AshantiRegion
NorthernRegion
Derived from CWIQ 2003
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Open questions
• How to get better data on agricultural services?• “Farmers’ Investment Climate” – not known• What are the most binding constraints?• Collect data on access and satisfaction (like for health &
education)• How can decentralization reforms serve agriculture?
• Why does agriculture not focus more strongly in this debate?
• How to foster experimentation and learning• More emphasis on rigorous evaluation of reform
models, e.g., FBO approaches • What works where and why?