Ser estar y description words
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Transcript of Ser estar y description words
**Ser and Estar**Description words
Mrs. Martinez
22 de octubre de 2012
Ser and Estar
Pattern: Ser and Estar both mean “to be,” but they have fundamental differences.
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
The BasicsThe Basics
•Ser is generally used to describe what a noun is (essential characteristics).
• Estar is generally used to describe how a noun is (condition).
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
ExampleExample
• It is useful to have two ways of saying “to be.” Consider this English sentence:
The tomato is green.
• This sentence could mean one of two things: – The tomato is of a variety that produces
tomatoes that are green in color. – The tomato is not ripe.
• This situation is avoided in Spanish because if the verb Ser is used, we know that the speaker means that it is a green variety of tomato.
• On the other hand, if the verb estar is used, we can safely say that the tomato is simply not ripe.
• Here are the two sentences in Spanish:• El tomate es verde. (The tomato is green in
color.)• El tomate está verde. (The tomato is unripe.)
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
Conjugation
• To further complicate matters, ser and estar are both irregular verbs.
• In the case of ser, you must simply memorize the different forms. Here are the present tense conjugations of ser:
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
7
yo
tú
él / ella / Ud.
nosotros
vosotros
ellos / ellas / Uds.
SER – “to be”SER – “to be”
soysoy
ereseres
eses
somossomos
soissois
sonson
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
Lets watch a video
SER is used to express:
• characteristics– ¿Cómo son los
autobuses?– Los autobuses son
cómodos.– ¿Cómo es la chica?– La chica es muy
guapa y bastante inteligente.
– Yo soy inteligente.MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
SER is used to express:• time
– ¿Qué hora es?– Son las dos.
• day– ¿Qué día es hoy?– Hoy es lunes.
• date– ¿Cuál es la fecha?– Es el 31 de
diciembre.MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
SER is used to express:• Nationality/origin
– ¿De dónde eres?– Soy de México.– Soy mexicano.
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
SER is used to express:
• Occupation/Religion– ¿Que es Maria?– María es asistente
de vuelo.– Nosotros somos
cristianos.
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
SER is used to express:
• possession– ¿De quién es
la flor?– Es de Juana.
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
SER is used to express:
• Relationships– Jose es el esposo de Teresa.– Ellos son primos de Rebeca.
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
SER is used to express:
• Events– La reunion es en la sala de
conferencias.
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
Las formas del verbo estar (to be)
yo estoy
nosotros estamos nosotras
tú estás
él ella está usted
ellos ellas están ustedes
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
ESTAR • P lace
• L ocation
• A ction
• C ondition
• E motion
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
For how you feel or where you are, always use the verb ESTAR!
ESTAR is used to express:
• Location/Place– ¿Dónde estás?– Estoy en la clase de
español.
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
ESTAR is used to express:
• Action– Ellos están
tocando los instrumentos.
– El está bailando a la musica
ESTAR is used to express:
• Condition– ¿Quién está
ausente?– Patricia está
ausente.– ¿Puedo usar el
teléfono?– No, la línea está
ocupada.
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
ESTAR is used to express:
• Emotion– ¿Cómo estás?– Estoy mal.– Estamos muy
enfermos.
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
Remember
• Note: The use of ser or estar can change the meaning of a sentence. Here are some examples:
• Patricia es aburrida. (Patricia is boring.)
• Patricia está aburrida. (Patricia is bored.)
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
• As you can see, the use of the verb ser implies what they are, and the use of estar implies how they currently are or currently seem.
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
Práctica
• 1. ¿Quién está muy confundida?
a. Yolanda es muy confundida.
b. Yolanda estoy muy confundida.
c. Yolanda esté muy confundida.
d. Yolanda está muy confundida.
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
2. Yo estás feliz.
a. correct
b. incorrect
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
• 3. ________ las dos y veinte.
a. Es
b. Son
c. Está
d. Están
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
4. The clock is on the wall.
a. El reloj estás en la pared.
b. El reloj estuvo en la pared.
c. El reloj es en la pared.
d. El reloj está en la pared
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
• 5. ¿Dónde están las flores?
a. Las flores es sobre la mesa.
b. Las flores están sobre la mesa.
c. Las flores son sobre la mesa.
d. Las flores ser sobre la mesa.
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
abierto
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
agradecido (a)
cerrado
hermoso
clean
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
cómodo
cómico
confundido(a)
chistoso
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
fiel
sucio
tonto
divertido
¿Cómo es?
Es fácil.
Es difícil.
2 + 3 = ?
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
generosoduro
dificil
trabajador
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
honesto
amable
perezoso
viejo
pobre
egoista
tímido (a)suave
especial
estudioso verdadero
sabiojoven
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
Práctica
1. Elías es muy tímido.
a. shy
b. short
c. tall
d. talkative
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
2. Los estudiantes no hicieron la tarea. Son muy ____________.
a. egoístas
b. jóvenes
c. suaves
d. perezosos
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
3. Miriam fue a visitar una ciudad muy __________. Las personas no tienen casas.
a. pobre
b. trabajador
c. suave
d. generosa
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
4. Cuando una persona es vieja, se cree que es más ______________.
a. egoísta
b. joven
c. sabia
d. perezosa
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.
• Kmail
• Lmartinez_GCA@
ymail.com
• Office Hours:– Tuesday and
Thursdays– 2:30 to 3:30
MLII.INT1 The students understand spoken and written language on new and familiar topics presented through a variety of media in the target language, including authentic materials.