September 2014 hindi magazine publisged from nepal

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s] åf/ f O; If] q d] + xd pmFrL 5nfFu nuf gxL+ ;st] , cf} Bf] lus pTkfbg s] lnP sRr] dfn s] lnP ef/ t k/ xdf/ L lge{/ tf ax't clws x} . jg ;Dkbf sf bf] xg xd s/ gxL+ ;st] Sof] +ls O;;] k|fs[lts ¿k ;] ;'Gb/ b] z sf kof{j/ 0f ;+t'ng lau8Þg] sf vt/ f x} . O;lnP a9Þt] Jofkf/ –3f6] sf] lgo+lqt s/ g] s] lnP hn;|f] t, ko{6g cf} / k|fs[lts cf} iflwofF xL a] xt/ ljsNk xf] ;stL x} + . O;d] + eL ;jf{lws dxTjk"0f{ hnljB't sf Jofkf/ x} . dfg eL lnof hfP ls eljio d] + g] kfn sL cfjZostf ljB't\ s] If] q d] + ax't a9Þ hftL x} tf] eL 7Ls p;L t/ x xdf/ ] lnP O;sf Jofkf/ cfjZos x} lh; t/ x ls;fg : jo+ åf/ f pTkflbt cgfh of s[lif pTkfbg sL laqmL s/ ckgL cGo cfjZostfcf] + sL

k"lt{ s/ t] x} + . O;lnP ef/ t s] ;fy ;+efljt ljB't–Jofkf/ sf lj/ f] w ls;L eL ¿k d] + / fi6« s] lnP z'esf/ s gxL+ xf] ;stf .

xd eljio s] Ps P] ;] g] kfn sL sNkgf s/ ] + hxfF bf] ¿kP k|lt o"lg6 ljB't\ pknAw xf] tL x} . lahnL cfk lhtgL rfx] + pkef] u s/ ] +, ljB't\ s6f} tL -nf] 8z] 8LË_ eL gxL+ . cfly{s kl/ ;"rsf] + sL aft s/ ] + tf] g] kfn sf Jofkf/ 3f6f ts/ Lag ;dfKt xf] uof xf] cf} / xdf/ f k|lt JolQm ;sn 3/ ] n" pTkfbg blIf0f Pl;of d] + ;a;] clws xf] . xd g] kfnL gful/ s ckg] 3/ , sfof{no, sf/ vfgf] + s] ;fy vfgf agfg] cf} / df] 6/ ;fO{lsn cf} / uf8ÞL rnfg] s] lnP eL s/ La–s/ La d'ˆt lahnL sf pkof] u s/ t] xf] + . k|b"if0f sf : t/ tf] nueu z"Go xf] uof xf] . cu/ ox ;kgf] + sf g] kfn ag ;stf x} tf] l;km{ ef/ t cf} / g] kfn s] aLr hnljB't–;demf} tf ;] xL ag ;stf x} . cfh g] kfn sL hgtf ox ;kgf lbn d] + ;+hf] P x'P x} .

cg'dfg s] d'tflas g] kfn d] hn ljB't\ pTkfbg sL ;Defjgf *# xhf/ d] ufjf6 x} . g] kfn d] + pTkflbt ljB't\ s] bf] xL v/ Lbbf/ x} + . Ps g] kfn : jo+ cf} / b";/ f ef/ t . cfh s] lbg g] kfn sL ckgL ljB't\ cfjZostf l;km{ !@)) d] ufjf6 x} . cu/ g] kfn ckgL

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nDa] ;do ;] ef/ t s] ;fy hnljB't ;xof] u sL aft xf] tL / xL x} . n] lsg hdLgL : t/ k/ ha eL sf] O{ aft agg] sf] xf] tL x} ta ef/ t Pj+ g] kfn s] s'5 tyfslyt ljz] if1 sf] O{ g sf] O{ av] 8Þf v8Þf s/ dfdn] sf] pnemf b] t] x} + . k"/ ] ljZj d] + pmhf{ sL tLg nf‘laofF ckg] Jofkfl/ s lxtf] + s] kf] if0f s/ g] s] lnP ;lqmo x+} . k] 6«f] lnod, sf] onf cf} / cf0fljs pmhf{ s] sRr] dfn sf pTkfbg s/ g] jfn] b] z gxL+ rfxt] ls ljZj s] ls;L eL sf] g] d] + ls;L eL k|sf/ sL j} slNks pmhf{ sf ljsf; xf] . g] kfn d] + hn–ljB't sf ljsf; sf ;Lwf c;/ pgs] Jofkf/ k/ k8Þtf x} . g] kfn d] + hnljB't s] ljsf; sf dtna pgs] k] 6«f] lnod, sf] on] of o"/ ] lgod sL laqmL sf sd xf] gf x} . sbflrt oxL sf/ 0f x} ls ;Qf s] ulnof/ f] + Pj+ dLl8of hut d] + hn ljB't\ ljz] if1 s] ¿k d] + ;lqmo pgs] Ph+] 6 g] kfn–ef/ t s] ;xof] u ;] hn ljB't\ ljsf; d] + lk5n] % bzs ;] afwf kx'Frft] cf / x] x} + .

g] kfn–ef/ t s] aLr ljB't\ pmhf{ s] Jofkf/ sL z'?cft d] + ljnDa ;] lhtgf g's;fg ef/ t sf] x'cf x} , p;;] sxL+ clws g's;fg g] kfn sf x'cf x} . hf] kfgL cf} / ;do ax uof jx jfk; gxL+ cf ;stf . xd] + ;demgf rflxP ls axt] kfgL s] ¿k d] + ls;L g ls;L t/ x xdf/ L pmhf{ Ifdtf ax / xL x} .

ef/ t s] gjlgjf{lrt k|wfgd+qL g/ ] +b| df] bL s] g] kfn cfudg g] kf/ bzL{, e/ f] ;] d+b Pj+ ljZj;gLo ;xof] u sL ;Defjgfcf] + sf] Ps af/ lkm/ huf lbof x} . cfh g] kfn sL hgtf rfxtL x} ls ls;L g ls;L : t/ k/ ef/ t s] ;fy hn ljB't\ d] + Jofkf/ sL aft Ps tfls{s lgisif{ k/ kx'Fr] .

g] kfn nDa] ;do ;] r/ d ljB't–;+s6 s] bf} / ;] u'h/ / xf x} . hgtf b} lgs !^–!^ 3+6] ts sL nf] 8z] 8LË ;] u'h/ s/ g]

s] lnP afWo x} . xd d'Fx tfst] / x] n] lsg ljZj sf sf] O{ eL tL;/ f b] z xdf/ ] oxfF sf] O{ d] ufk|f] h] S6 nufg] s] lnP gxL+ cfof . j] l;km{ ckgL emf] nL d] + nfO;] +; / v s/ kfFr l;tf/ f xf] 6nf] + d] + ;] dLgf/ s/ t] gh/ cfP . ox : ki6 yf ls pgsL ?lr g] kfn s] afhf/ d] + gxL+ j/ g ef/ t s] afhf/ d] + clws yL . cfh ha lkm/ ;] g] kfn–ef/ t sL aft] + xf] / xL x} + tf] j] rfxt] x} + ls g] kfn d] + hn ljB't\ sf ljsf; xf] tf] p;sL dnfO{ pGx] ] + vfg] sf] ldn] . tL;/ ] b] z g] kfn s] hnljB't\ ;] k|fKt xf] g] jfn] d'gfkm] d] + ckgf lx: ;f ;'/ lIft gxL+ xf] tf b] v sf] O{ gf sf] O{ Jojwfg v8Þf s/ jfg] sL sf] lzz d] + nu] x} + .

cu/ hnljB't ;+oGq : yfkgf s] lnP b|'tult ;] k|of; xf] t] x} + tf] ;Dej x} ls cfufdL & ;] !) jiff] { d] + @) xhf/ d] ufjf6 ljB't\ g] kfn ;] lgof{t xf] ;stf x} . ef/ t cfh ckg] oxfF s/ La @ nfv $& xhf/ d] ufjf6 ljB't\ sf pTkfbg s/ / xf x} . g] kfn sf aL; xhf/ d] ufjf6 hn ljB't\

ef/ t sL ckgL cfjZostf s] ;fdg] …pmF6 s] d'Fx d] + hL/ fÚ s] ] ;dfg x} . O; @) xhf/ d] ufjf6 hn ljB't\ s] lnP ef/ t ckgL ;'/ Iff lr+tf sL cgb] vL gxL+ s/ ;stf x} . ef/ t h} ;f b] z ckg] Jofj;flos lxtf] + s] lnP sf] O{ eL P] ;f sfd gxL+ s/ ] uf hf] p;sL ;'/ Iff cjwf/ 0ff s] ljk/ Lt xf] . g] kfn sf] eL ef/ t s] ;fy ljB't\ Jofkf/ ;demf} tf s/ t] ;do ef/ t sL wf/ 0ff s] k|lt kof{Kt ;+j] bgzLntf lbvft] x'P ckg] Jofj;flos lxtf] + sf] ;'/ lIft s/ g] sL aft ;f] rgL rflxP . g] kfn ef/ t s] aLr ljB't\ Jofkf/ z'¿ xf] tf x} tf] O;sL cg+t ;+efjgfPF x} + . Ps af/ Jofkf/ z'¿ xf] tf x} tf] cljZjf; s] afbn cjZo 56+] u] . O;lnP bf] gf] + b] zf] + sf] rflxP ls j] k/ : k/ ljZj;gLo Pj+ lxtsf/ L xf] g] jfnL ztf{] s] ;fy ljB't–ljsf; cf} / ljB't–Jofkf/ ;demf} tf s/ ] + .

ljZj d] + ;eL b] z ckg] –ckg] ;+;fwgf] + ;] j} slNks pmhf{ s] ljsf; s] lnP k|of;/ t x} + . cf0fljs pmhf{ d] + kmf: 6 l/ PS6/ s] ljsf; s] lnP sO{ ljsl;t b] z ;+o'Qm k|of; s/ / x] x} + . o"/ f] kLo o"lgog, cd] l/ sf, ef/ t, rLg, blIf0f sf] l/ of, hfkfg Pj+ ¿; ;+o'Qm

zf] w eL s/ / x] x} + . cfg] jfn] !%–@) jiff{] + d] + ljB't\ pmhf{ pTkfbg s] gP ;|f] t ljZj s] ;fdg] xf] ;st] x} + . g] kfn g] kfFr bzs sf ;do uFjf lbof x} . g] kfn s] ;fdg] ckgL hnljB't–Ifdtf sf] b] z sL ;d[l4 s] lnP pkof] u s/ g] sf clws ;do gxL+ arf x} . cu/ ;fdg] ;] u'h/ t] x'P cj;/ sf] xd gxL+ ks8Þ ;s] tf] jx cj;/ ;bf–;j{bf xdf/ ] ;fdg] pkl: yt / x] uf –P] ;f gxL+ xf] tf .

ef/ t g] cd] l/ sf s] ;fy cf0fljs pmhf{ ;xof] u ;demf} tf lsof . O; ;demf} t] sf ef/ t s] ;eL ljkIfL bn lj/ f] w s/ / x] y] . dgdf] xg ;/ sf/ g] ckgL ;/ sf/ sf] hf] lvd d] + 8fn s/ eL ox ;demf} tf lsof Sof] ls j] ;demt] y] ls O; ;demf} t] sf b"/ ufdL k|efj b] z s] lxt d] + xf] uf . g] kfn s] ;Qf¿9 bn ax'dt d] + x} + cf} / b] z–lxt d] + ;demf} tf s/ g] s] lnP pGx] + ckg] sbd gxL+ 8Þudufg] rflxP .

k|s[lt d] + pmhf{ sf ch;| ;|f] t ;dfof x} . k|s[lt hn sf] afbn s] ¿k d] + lxGb dxf;fu/

;] ;u/ dfyf ts nftL x} cf} / lkm/ jx afbn hn s] ¿k d] + lxdfno ;] ;fu/ ts sL ofqf s/ tf x} . ox hn seL ;"vL hdLg sL Kof; a'emftf x} tf] seL af9Þ sL ljeLlifsf ag xdf/ ] lnP clezfk ag hftf x} . cfh dfgj g] O; hn ;] ljB't\ lgsfng] sL k|ljlw ljsl;t s/ nL x} tf] p; clezfk sf] j/ bfg d] + abng] sf Ps cj;/ xdf/ ] ;fdg] pkl: yt x} . k|s[lt d] + pknAw ls;L eL zlQm sf dfgj ;s/ fTds of gsf/ fTds k|of] u s/ ;stf x} . ;sf/ fTds k|of] u b} ljs j[lQ x} tf] gsf/ fTds k|of] u cf;'/ L j[lQ x} . cu/ xd b} ljs wd{ sf kfng s/ t] x'P ;sf/ fTdstf sL lbzf d] + sbd gxL+ a9Þft] x} tf] eljio d] + cf;'/ L j[lQofF xfjL xf] +uL . eljio s] hn o'4 sf pks/ 0f agg] sf of O; b] j–e"ld sf] ckg] vf] P uf} / j sL cf] / nf} 6g] s] ljsNk xdf/ ] ;fdg] x} . ox ;demf} tf l;km{ g] kfn–ef/ t s] Jofj;flos lxtf] + ;] xL gxL+ h'8Þf x} alNs ox blIf0f Pl;of d] + ;xof] u s] Ps gP bf} / sf z'ef/ De s/ ] uf, O;lnP lagf cj;/ uFjfP bf] gf] + ;/ sf/ f] + sf] ;s/ fTdstf sL cf] / ckg] sbd a9Þfg] rflxP .

-Od] n M [email protected]_

jg ;Dkbf sf bf] xg xd s/ gxL+ ;st] Sof] +ls O;;] k|fs[lts ¿k ;] ;'Gb/ b] z sf kof{j/ 0f ;+t'ng lau8Þg] sf vt/ f x} . O;lnP a9Þt] Jofkf/ –3f6] sf] lgo+lqt s/ g] s] lnP hn;|f] t, ko{6g cf} / k|fs[lts

cf} iflwofF xL a] xt/ ljsNk xf] ;stL x} + .

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s[lif÷ljZn]if0f

;bf sL ef+lt O; ;fn eL ;+;b d] + ah6 k] z x'cf . hflx/ x} , k|ltkIf g] ah6 sL

cfnf] rgf sL tf] ;QfkIf g] df] 6fdf] 6L tf} / k/ ;fdlos xf] g] sL bnLn] + bL . s'5 vL+rftfgL s] afb cflv/ sf/ ah6 kf; xf] uof . pw/ ah6 d] + pk] Iff s] lnP b] z s] t/ fO{ d] + lj/ f] w eL x'cf . ah6 sL k|ltof+ eL hnfO{ uO{ . Sof] +ls P] ;f xL xf] tf rnf cf / xf x} . hf] s'5 xf] tf rnf cf / xf x} lagf s'5 go] kg s] jxL x'cf hf / xf x} . sxg] sf] g] kfn ca eL Ps s[lif k|wfg b] z x} . ah6 d+] ;eL ;/ sf/ s] cy{d+qL O; aft sf] sO{ af/ lhqm s/ t] xL rn] cf / x] x} + . jt{dfg cy{dGqL / fdz/ 0f dxt g] O; af/ eL a8Þ] xL lhDd] bf/ fgf cGbfh d] + s[lif sf lhqm lsof . pgs] ah6 d] + s[lif s] k|lt s'5 cR5L nug] jfnL aft] + tf] x} + k/ Gt' ljut d] + x/ ah6 sL cR5L aftf] + k/ lso] uo] nf] uf] + sL pDdLbf] + sf af/ –af/ hgfhf lgsn r'sf

x} . P] ;] d] + d+qL dxt s] ah6 d] + s[lif s] lnP pNn] v lso] uo] rGb cR5L aftf] + k/ tf/ Lkm tf] lkmnxfn gxL+, O{dfgbf/ L ;] cdn d] + nfg] sL b'cfP+ h¿/ bL hf ;stL x+} . d+qL dxt s] ah6 sf] b'cfcf] + sf] ceL b/ lsgf/ s/ rlnP v] tL cf} / ls;fgf] + sL aft s/ t] x} + .

b] z s] s'n ufx{: y pTkfbg -hL=8L=kL_ d] + ca eL ts/ Lag Ps ltxfO{ lx: ;f s[lif sf xL x} . bzs e/ kxn] b] z s] cy{tGq d] + s[lif sf of] ubfg #& kmL;bL yf k/ Gt' ca ## kmL;bL ts gLr] n'9Þs uof x} . s[lif sL ox lx: ;] bf/ L nuftf/ 36tL xL cf / xL x} . ox eL sxf hf ;stf x} ls ;] jf cf} / cf} Bf] lus If] q s] a9Þg] s] sf/ 0f s[lif sf of] ubfg 36tf lbvfO{ b] gf : jfefljs x} . k/ Gt' O; ts{ s] kL5] sf] O{ bd gh/ gxL+ cftf . c+fs8] Þ atft] x} +, b] z d] + ca eL s[lif k/ cfl>t #* nfv #! xhf/ kl/ jf/ x} + . OtgL a8ÞL tfbfb d] +] nf] u ca eL s[lif k/

xL cfl>t x} + tf] O; k/ ;/ sf/ sf] ljz] if Wofg b] gf cfjZos x} . / fi6«Lo s[lif u0fgf @)^* s] cg';f/ lk5n] bz ;fnf] + d] + wfg cf} / u] x"+ *, dSsf !@, bfn @! cf} / ;/ ;f] + s] pTkfbg d] + !# kmL;bL sdL cfO{ x} . b] z sL 8Þf] ntL cfly{s g} of sf] s[lif xL lsgf/ ] ts kx'+rf ;stL x} . s[lif sf] t/ hLx b] g] sL aft tf] sL hf / xL x} , lkm/ eL ljsf; gxL+ xf] ;sf x} . ;] jf, pBf] u h} ;] If] q ceL

ts Otg] kl/ kSj gxL+ xf] kfo] x} + ls cy{tGq sf d] ?b08 dfgf hfo] . Og If] q sf] ceL xL g] kfnL cy{tGq s] lnP e/ f] ;] dGb cfwf/ dfg n] gf 3fts l;4 xf] ;stf x} .

s[lif k|wfg b] z sL abxfnL Og ;/ sf/ L cf+s8f] + ;] cf} / ;fkm xf] hftf x} ls O; ;fn t/ sf/ L, kmn cf} / d+f;hGo rLhf] + s] cfoft s] lnP $% ca{ cf} / cgfh tyf t] n cfoft d] + %% ca{ ¿ko] vr{ xf] r's] x} + . O; t/ x aLt] cfiff9Þ dfx s] cGt ts s'n Jofkf/ d] + ts/ Lag ^)) ca{ ¿ko] ;] clws 3f6] sf cf+sng lsof hf / xf x} .

s[lif s] Og lau8Þt] xfnftf] + s] lnP k'/ ftg v] tL k|0ffnL k|d'v sf/ 0f x} . df} g;"g sL aiff{ k/ cfwfl/ t v] tL cf} / df} ;d sf lg/ Gt/ abntf ?v eL s[lif sf] k|efljt s/

ls;fgf] + k/ af] em ag / xL x} kf/ Dkl/ s s[lif

afa'/fd kf} 8\ofn

t/ fO{ sL v] tL of] Uo hdLg cf} / kxf8Þ s] zx/ f] + s] cf;kf; v] tL sL hdLg k/ 3/ agfg] s] lnP w8ÞNn] ;] Knfl6+ª lsof hf / xf x} . v] tL ;] sxL+ clws hdLg sL v/ Lb laqmL ;] tfTsflns cfdbgL xf] g] s] s/ 0f eL ox

wGwf hf] / ks8Þtf hf / xf x} . O;;] s[lif If] q k/ b"/ ufdL gsf/ fTds k|efj k8Þ / xf x} .

s[lif÷ljZn]if0f

/ xf x} . hdLg sf plrt cfa+6g cf} / s[lif dhb"/ f] + sL hdLg k/ : jfldTj h} ;] ;jfnf] + k/ sfuh d] + kxn] xL en] xL ax't s'5 xf] uof xf] k/ Gt' Jojxf/ d] + ox a'/ L t/ x lk6 r'sf x} . v] tL of] Uo hdLg sf : t/ Ls/ 0f, l;+rfO{ cf} / dnvfb sL plrt Joj: yf, ls;fgf] + sf] ;/ n shf{ cf} / pTkfbf] + sf afhf/ k|aGwg sL cf] / Wofg lbP au} / s[lif sf ljsf; ;+ej gxL+ x} .

ahf/ s] cefj d] + h'Dnf d] + ;] a s] kmn lh; ;do k] 8Þf] + k/ xL ;8Þ / x] xf] t] x} +, p;L ;do / fhwfgL sf7df+8" cf} / kf] v/ f s] afhf/ f] + d] + ljb] zL ;] a pm+r] bfdf] + d] + las / x] xf] t] x} + . t/ fO{ d] + 6df6/ s] ;do d] + afhf/ s] cefj s] sf/ 0f dj] lzof] + ts sf] lvnfof hftf x} . p;L ;do kxf8Þ s] cGo zx/ f] + d] + ox pm+r] bfdf] + d] + las / xf xf] tf x} . zLte08f/ s] cefj d] + P] ;] pTkfbf] + sf] clws ;do ts ;'/ lIft eL gxL+ / vf hf ;stf g xL ;do k/ afhf/ kx'+rfg] s] lnP oftfoft sL Joj: yf x} . uGg] s] ls;fgf] + sf] plrt efj s] lnP rLgL ldnf] + s] åf/ k/ km;n ;'vg] ts lj/ f] w k|bz{g cf} / w/ gf s/ gf k8Þtf x} . jt{dfg v] tL s] tf} / t/ Ls] ;] ls;fgf] + sf] plrt k|ltkmn g ldng] s] sf/ 0f s[lif sd{ pg k/ af] em agtf hf / xf x} . kmn: j¿k, k"/ ] tf} / k/ v] tL d] + cfl>t uf+j s] nf] uf] + sf zx/ f] + sL cf] / a] xt/ hLjg: t/ sL vf] h d] + knfog xf] / xf x} . v] tL s/ gf ca lk58Þfkg dfgf hfg] nuf x} . kxf8Þf] + ;] nf] uf] + sf b] z sL s'n hdLg sf !$ kmL;bL lx: ;] jfn] t/ fO{ sL cf] / of lkm/ zx/ f] + sL cf] / cfk|jfl;t xf] g] sL k|j[lQ d] + nuftf/ a9t lbvfO{ b] tL x} . ;/ sf/ sf] rflxP ls jx *^ kmL;bL lx: ;] d] + nf] uf] + sf cfsif{0f k} bf s/ g] sL gLlt ckgfP lh;;] nf] uf] + sf knfog ?s hfo] . kxf8Þf] + d] + ca ts agfP uo] ljsf; s] k"jf{wf/ pkof] u d] + g cfg] sf vt/ f a9Þ uof x} . nuftf/ a9Þtf ox c;Gt'ng b] z s] cfly{s ;] xt s] lnP a] xb vt/ gfs l: ylt sL cf] / ;+s] t s/ tf x} .

t/ fO{ sL v] tL of] Uo hdLg cf} / kxf8Þ s] zx/ f] + s] cf;kf; v] tL sL hdLg k/ 3/ agfg] s] lnP w8ÞNn] ;] Knfl6+ª lsof hf / xf x} . v] tL ;] sxL+ clws hdLg sL v/ Lb laqmL ;] tfTsflns cfdbgL xf] g] s] s/ 0f eL ox wGwf hf] / ks8Þtf hf / xf x} . O;;] s[lif If] q k/ b"/ ufdL gsf/ fTds k|efj k8Þ / xf x} . Og xfnftf] + d] +, qmdzM 5f] 6] –5f] 6] 6's8Þf] + d] + a+6 / x] s[lifof] Uo hdLg sf] PsLs[t s/ a8] Þ k} dfg] k/ cfw'lgs v] tL j ;xsf/ L cjwf/ 0ff sf] cf} / cfu] a9Þfg] sL cfjZostf x} . O;;] cfd nf] uf] + sL s[lif s] k|lt : jfefljs ¿k;] cfsif{0f a9] Þuf cf} / O; If] q ;] cR5] hLjg : t/ s] lnP b] z s] cGb/ cf} / ljb] zf] + d] + knfog s/ / xL cfafbL sf] : jfefljs tf} / k/ / f] sf hf ;s] uf . kxf8Þf] + ;] t] hL ;] nf] uf] + sf t/ fO{ cf} / ;'ud If] q sL cf] / knfog ;] x/ ] s b[li6 ;] If] qLo c;Gt'ng sf vt/ f a9Þ uof x} . ljut d] + ljsf; s] ;eL cj;/ f] + sf ljs] Gb|Ls/ 0f g xf] g] ;] ox c;Gt'ng xf] / xf x} . O; d] + Ps

bzs ;] eL clws ;do ts rn] cGtl/ s v"gL ;+3if{ g] cfu d] + 3L sf sfd lsof . lxdfno cf} / p;s] lgrn] If] q d] + kz'kfng cf} / h8ÞL a"6L v] tL sf] Joj;flos ¿k ;] cfu] a9Þfg] s] cnfjf b";/ f ljsNk gh/ gxL+ cftf . kxf8Þ cf} / p;sL 3fl6of] + d] + afujfgL cf} / cgfh pTkfbgf] + sf] a9Þfof hf ;stf x} . r"/ ] kj{t >[+vnf s] blIf0f d] + k"j{ klZrd gx/ ] + agfs/ glbof] + sf] hf] 8Þg] ;] t/ fO{ sL ;d"rL hdLg k/ cR5L l;+rfO{ xf] ;stL x} . k|fs[lts ¿k ;] r"/ ] sL sdhf] / ;+/ rgf s] sf/ 0f O;sL ;+efjgf k/ kxn] cWoog xf] gf cfjZos xf] uf . O; s] cnfjf l;+rfO{ sL cGo sO{ of] hgfP+ t} of/ sL hf ;stL x} + .

/ fhgLlts ;+qmd0f s] sf/ 0f ljsf; ah6 ;f7 kmL;b eL vr{ g xf] g] ;] ljsf; ?s ;f uof x} . ;bf sL ef+lt O; af/ eL Ps cf} / ;jfn uDeL/ tf ;] p7 v8Þf x'cf x} ls ah6 s] cf+s8] Þ h} ;] eL xf] + p;sf ;sf/ fTds k|ltkmn hgtf ts kx'+rg] kx'+rfg] d] + ;lqmotf lbvfg] jfn] ;+oGq cf} / p;sL k|efjsfl/ tf d] + ;'wf/ xf] uf of gxL+, cu/ gxL+ tf] jh6 sf vf; dtnj gxL+ / x] uf . g] kfn sL ax't a8ÞL ;d: of ca ox xf] uO{ x} ls sO{ bf} / s] / fhgLlts kl/ jt{gf] + s] afjh"b eL cy{tGq s] a'lgofbf] + k/ u+eL/ tf ;] v'ns/ seL ax; gxL+ xf] kfoL x} . gf/ ] afhL, aGb, x8Þtfn, v"gv/ faf ts xL ;a s'5 ;Lldt xf] rnf x} . x/ l;of;L g] tf ;] sfo{stf{ ts sf] ljsf; sL lkmqm ;] sxL+ clws c/ fhstfjfbL lrGtg ;] k|efljt kfof hftf x} . c/ fhstf ljsf; sf] lgif] w s/ tL x} . ljsf; s] lnP l: y/ tf cf} / zflGt cfjZos zt] { x} + . g] kfn sL pGglt s] lnP s[lif xL cs] nf If] q x} , hf] ax't hNbL ;+j[l4 b] g] sL Ifdtf / vtf x} .

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g] kfn s] / fhgLlts bnf] + s] g] tfcf] + d] + o'u;fk] If pbf/ tf, / fi6«Lotf Pj+ hg;+j] bgzLntf tyf b"/ ufdL ;f] r s] cefj s] sf/ 0f g] kfn ;+ljwfg ;ef s] b'irqm d] + kmF; s/ / x uof x} . kmntM goL ;+ljwfg n] vg tyf hg;dIf ;+ljwfg k|Tofk{0f k|lqmof cfh cfnf] rgfTds, ljifd cj: yf ;] u'h/ / xL x} . O; ;do g] kfn s] ;fdg] ;+ljwfg n] vg k|lqmof r'gf} tLk"0f{ lbvfO{ b] / xL x} . låtLo ;+ljwfg ;ef åf/ f sf+u|] ;–Pdfn] u7aGwg sL ;/ sf/ ul7t x'O{ cf} / pQm bf] gf] + kf6L{ s] g] tfcf] + s] åf/ f ;do–;do k/ cleJoQm ljrf/ –;+ljwfg

df3 * ut] s] eLt/ cfg] sL aft sf] k'li6 s/ tf x} . k/ jt{dfg ;/ sf/ åf/ f sfd s/ g] sL dGy/ k|lqmof tyf / fhgLlts cfk;L vL+rtfg sf] b] vt] x'P nutf x} ls g] tfcf] + åf/ f cleJoQm ljrf/ …k'gd"{lifsf] ejÚ h} ;L xL xfnt d] + oyfl: ylt sf] k|fKt s/ ] uf . sf/ 0f O;s] ;fdg] a8ÞL r'gf} tL ;+3Lotf, k|b] z ljefhg cf} / / fi6« sf zf;sLo : j¿k x} . lj3l6t ;+ljwfg;ef åf/ f hf/ L g xf] g] d] + d'Vo sf/ 0f ;+3Lotf xL / xL . zf;sLo : j¿k s] ;Gbe{ d] + eL bnf] + d] + ef/ L dte] b d'Fx afo] v8Þf x} .

hgtf d] + JofKt clzIff, u/ LaL clwsf/ k|flKt sL 56k6fx6 cf} / cfqmf] z a9Þfg] d] + ;+hLjgL sf sfd s/ / xf x} . Joj: yflksf, sfo{kflnsf cf} / Gofokflnsf d] + JofKt e|i6frf/ , s[kfjfb tLgf] + d] + kf/ blz{tf : yflkt s/ g] s] lnP ;+3LotfjfbL nf] u g] kfn d] + ;+3Lotf : yflkt s/ gf rfxt] x} + . n] lsg ;+3LojfbL bnf] +, ;d'bfof] + sf] ;f] rgf rflxP ls lhg–lhg sL / fhgLlt j[Q d] + cfjfh a'nGb sL uO{ x} , ptgL xL hgtf g] kfnL gxL+ x} , O;s] cltl/ Qm cg] s cNk;+Vos ;d'bfo x} + . lhgsL ckgL xL ;fdflhs, eflifs, ;f+: s[lts w/ f] x/ cIf'00f x} . O; cy{ d] + k|To] s hflt, ju{, efiff, wd{, If] q cflb sf] a/ fa/ L sf clwsf/ k|fKt s/ gf hGdl;4 clwsf/ x} , clwsf/ k|Tofof] hg d] + zf;sf] + s] åf/ f lhtgL / fhgLlts hl6ntf cf} / ;+qmd0fzLntf a9ÞfO{ hfPuL, ptgL xL aaf{bL sL lbzf d] + b] z a9Þ] uf cf} / pnemg] a9ÞtL hfP+uL .

;+3Lotf s] eLt/ JofKt lj/ f] wfef; sf] x6ft] x'P ;d: of ;dfwfg s/ g] sf k|of; xf] gf h¿/ L x} . O; ;Gbe{ d] + ;Qf d] + : yflkt bnf] + s] åf/ f cGtb{nLo ljrf/ –ljdz{ s/ gf cfjZos x} . ;do sL ult s] ;fy s'5 ljifo cfu] cfP x} + cf} / s'5 ljifo d] + gP l;/ ] ;] ;f] rgf h¿/ L x} tf] jxL+ bnf] + åf/ f hftLo cf} / If] qLo ljrf/ f] + sL ;+sL0f{tf ;] pmk/ p7s/ / fi6«Lo efjgf s] ;fy

ljjfb ;dfwfg s/ g] sf ;do cf uof x} . cfg] jfn] ;+ljwfg d] + kxrfg ;lxt sL ;+3Lotf s] lnP : yfgLo r'gfj ;] ;DalGwt hgk|ltlglw lgsfof] + d] + juL{o, ;fdflhs, hftLo n} +lus, wfld{s, cfly{s cf} / If] qLo hg3gTj s] cfwf/ k/ / fHo s] x/ ] s lgsfo, tx cf} / c+u d] + ;dfg'kflts ;+j} wflgs k|ltlglwTj sL k|ltj4tf xf] gL rflxP . cfufdL ;+lwjfg s] cfg] k/ ls;L sf] ox g nu] ls d] / f ;d'bfo, hflt, wd{, If] q sL pk] Iff x'O{ x} .

cfufdL ;+ljwfg d] + 8f= ;Ls] / fpt åf/ f / fHo ;] cnu xf] kfg] sf clwsf/ ;'lglZrt s/ g] sf ;'emfj sf7df+8" @)&! efb| % ut] ;+j} wflgs / fhgLlts ;+jfb tyf ;xdlt ;ldlt sL cu|;/ tf d] + l;+xb/ af/ s] eLt/ a'nfO{ uO{ a} 7s d] + k|: t't lsof uof x} . ox a} 7s 8f= afa'/ fd e§/ fO{ s] ;efkltTj d] + x'O{ yL . lh; d] + dxGy 7fs'/ , ljhos'df/ uR5bf/ , ;Ls] nfn ;lxt sO{ a'l4hLljof] + sL ;xeflutf yL .

8f= / fpt s] cg';f/ ;+ljwfg ls;L eL b] z sL cfwf/ lznf xf] tf x} . dha"t cfwf/ lznf sL efFlt x/ ] s hgcfsf+Iff sf] ;Daf] wg s/ g] jfnf ;+ljwfg xL ls;L eL b] z sf] : yfloTj k|bfg s/ ;stf x} , pGxf] +g] atfof . ;+ljwfg ls;L eL ;d'bfo s] ;fy lje] b s/ tf x} cyjf sfof{Gjog kIf lje] bsf/ L lbvtf x} tf] ;d'bfo sf] / fHo ;] k[ys xf] g] sf ;+j} wflgs clwsf/ xf] tf] p;L l: ylt d] + / fHo clx+;fTds k4lt åf/ f ;dfgtf Pj+ Gofo sL cf] / a9Þ ;stf x} . O; aft k/ pGxf] +g] hf] / lbof . / fHo ;] k[ys xf] g] sL ;+j} wflgs k|lqmof ax't ;f/ ] b] zf] + d] + x} , P] ;f pGxf] +g] sxf .

gful/ s ;jf] {Rrtf Pj+ nf] stflGqs dfGotf sL sb/ sL hfP tf] gful/ s sL cfsf+Iff s] cg'¿k hgdt ;+u|x s] cfwf/ k/ ls;L eL ;do / fHo ;] cnu xf] g] sf clwsf/ ldngf rflxP, O; aft k/ 8f= / fpt g] c8fg lnof yf . ls;L ;d'bfo s] ;fy lje] b s/ g] k/ , ;d'bfo sf cl: tTj vt/ ] d] + xf] g] k/ , ls;L ;d'bfo sL ;'/ Iff sL k|Tofe"lt s/ fg] d] + c;dy{ xf] g] k/ , ls;L ;d'bfo s] Oltxf;, efiff, ;+: s[lt ;d] t sL kxrfg vt/ ] d] + xf] g] k/ , ;fwg ;|f] t sf aF6jf/ f lje] bk"0f{ xf] g] k/ , cf} klgj] lzs zf] if0f xf] g] k/ , p; ;d'bfo sf] / fHo ;] cnu xf] g] sf clwsf/ xf] gf rflxP, O; k/ 8f= / fpt g] hf] / lbof . ;ef sL cWoIftf s/ / x] 8f= afa'/ fd e§/ fO{ g] 8f= / fpt s] ljrf/ f] + k/ k|ltlqmof b] t] x'P ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f s] qmd d] + / fHo ;] cnu xf] g] s] clwsf/ k/ rrf{ s/ gf sf] O{ cg'lrt gxL+ x} cf} / O; ljifo k/ ax; xf] gf rflxP, O; k/ pGxf] +g] hf] / lbof yf .

/d]z emf

;+j}wflgs ;+3Lotf Sof]+ <

;+3LojfbL bnf] +, ;d'bfof] + sf] ;f] rgf rflxP ls lhg–lhg sL / fhgLlt j[Q d] + cfjfh a'nGb sL uO{ x} , ptgL xL hgtf g] kfnL gxL+ x} , O;s] cltl/ Qm cg] s cNk;+Vos ;d'bfo x} + .

ljrf/ dLdf+;f

) ;a;] kxn] aft s/ ] + bfª sL . ef/ L jiff{ s] afb cfO{ af9Þ ;] ;Dk"0f{ dWoklZrd cf}/ vf; s/ cfks] lhnf bfª d] + eL ax't Iflt x'O{ x} . ckg] lhn] s] nf] uf] + sf] k"j{jt\ cj: yf d] + nfg] s] lnP cfk Sof s/ / xL x} <

– cfk g] ;xL sxf ls af9Þ s] sf/ 0f dWoklZrd sf hghLjg tx; gx; xf] uof x} . j};] tf] o] k|fs[lts k|sf] k yf n] lsg O;s] lnP xd nf] u eL lhDd] jf/ x}+ . cJojl: yt ;8s lgdf{0f, gbL ;] clgolGqt 9+u ;] / f] 8Þf, kTy/ lgsfng] s] sf/ 0f af9Þ g] o] ¿k n] lnof . jf: tj d] + Iflt OtgL Hofbf x} ls kLl8Þt s] k'gjf{; s] lnP 5f] 6L df] 6L rLhf] + ;] gxL+ xf] uf ;/ sf/ sf] bL3{sfnLg of] hgf nfgL xf] uL . cf}/ O;s] lnP xd nf] u lg/ Gt/ ;+;b d] + cfjfh p7f / x] x}+ . ) xhf/ f] + nf] u ceL eL lj: yflkt x}, ax'tf] + sf sxgf x} ls ;/ sf/ g] pgnf] uf] + k/ Wofg gxL+ lbof . Ps ;ef;b\ sL x}l;ot ;] Sof sxtL x}+ cfk <

pQ/ – O;d] + sf] O{ bf] dt gxL+ ls dWoklZrd d] + p4f/ cf}/ / fxt d] + l9nfO{ x'O{ x} . p;d] + eL d[ts s] kl/ jf/ sf] z'? d] + rfnL; xhf/ ;xof] u / sd b] s/ 3fj d] + gds nufg] sL aft x'O{ . n] lsg ha xd nf] uf] + g] lg/ Gt/ ;+;b d] + O; ljifo sf] p7fof tf] Ifltk"l{t{ / sd sf] a9Þfs/ Ps nfv ¿kof lsof uof . ;/ sf/ sf] rlfxP ls ef/ t, rLg h};] cGt/ fi6«Lo ;d'bfo ;] lagf lxrlsrfx6 ;xof] u sf cfx\jfg s/ ] . ) bfª s] s'5 Onfs] s] nf] uf] + sf tf] ;j{: j vTd xf] uof, P] ;L kl/ l: ylt d] + j] nf] u cfk;] ;] Sof ck] Iff s/ ] <

– a/ afbL l;km{ ef}lts gxL+ x} dfgl;s eL x} . nf] uf] + d+] qf; x} . ;/ sf/ g] af9Þ kLl8Þtf] + sL / fxt s] lnP hf] ;xof] u s/ g] sL aft sL x} p;;] nf] u ;xdt gxL+ x}+ . cflv/ kfFr xhf/ ¿kof d] + xf] tf eL Sof x} . d}+ k"/ L sf] lzz s/ / xL x"F ls pg nf] uf+] sf] Hofbf ;] Hofbf

;xof] u ldn] tfls j] nf] u kxn] sL t/ x hLjg cfu] a9Þf ;s] .

) ca yf] 8ÞL aft s/ ] + / fhgLlt sL . cfk tf] b";/ L af/ ;+ljwfg;ef sL ;b: o agL+ x+}, Sof o] ;+ljwfg;ef ;+ljwfg agf kfo] uL <

– ;+ljwfg ;do k/ lgdf{0f xf] hfo] O;s] lnP k|of; tf] xf] / xf x} n] lsg ceL eL Uof/ ] G6L b] g] sL cj: yf gxL+ x} . Sof] +ls a8Þ] bn cf}/ pg bnf] + s] zLif{ g] tf ceL eL u+eL/ gxL lbv / x] x+} .) n] lsg ;d: of tf] k'/ fgL xL x}, lh; aft sf] n] s/ kxn] ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + ljjfb yf, nueu l: ylt ceL eL j};L xL x}, P] ;] d+] s};] ;+ej x} ;+ljwfg <

– cu/ a8] Þ bn cf}/ pg bnf] + s] zLif{ g] tf rfx] + tf] ;+ljwfg ag] uf . ljjfb tf] x} cf}/ O;] jftf{ åf/ f xL ;dfwfg s/ gf xf] uf n] lsg O;s] lnP gLot rflxP .) ;xdlt s] gfd k/ x/ / f] h ax; cf}/ jftf{ xf] tL x} n] lsg lgisif{ k/ seL gxL+ kx'Frtf , cflv/ sf}g x} lhDd] jf/ ;+ljwfg g agg] d] + <

– lglZrt ¿k ;] k|d'v tLg bn, pgs] zLif{ g] tf cf}/ ;/ sf/ xL lhDd] jf/ x}+ . z]if %$ k]h d]+

a8Þ] bnf] + sL gLot k/ lge{/ x} ;+ljwfg/ fhgLlts kl/ jf/ d] + hGdL ?lSd0fL rf}w/ L sf] arkg

d] + / fhgLlt Hofbf cfslif{t gxL+ s/ tL yL . lktfhL g] kfnL sfFu|] ; lrtjg s] : yfgLo : t/ s] hfg] dfg] g] tf y] cf}/ oxL sf/ 0f yf ls ?lSd0fL sf] / fhgLlt cR5L gxL+ nutL yL . cfGbf] ng d] + lktfhL sf] h] n hfgf k8Þtf yf, pGx] + P] ;f nutf yf ls lktfhL sf] O{ cf}/ sfd Sof] + gxL+ s/ t] . n] lsg ha a8ÞL x'O{ tf] pGx+] ktf rnf ls ;dfh d] + kl/ jt{g nfg] s] lnP / fhgLlt ;demgf cf}/ O;d] + ;xefuL xf] gf ;a;] cfjZos x} cf}/ wL/ ] –wL/ ] jx O; If] q d] + nu uoL . lrtjg s] a;x6\6f d] + hGdL ?lSd0fL ha @) ;fn sL yL tf] Ogsf ljjfx bfª s] ;gftgb] j ;Tuf}jf yf? ;] xf] uof cf}/ lkm/ pGxf] +g] ckgf sfo{If] q eL bfª sf] xL agf lnof . pGxf] +g] bfª lhnf d] + dlxnf cfo ch{g tyf qm[0f sfo{qmd rnfof yf hf] cTolws ;kmn eL / xf cf}/ ceL ox sfo{qmd ax't ;f/ ] lhnf] + d] + rn / xf x} . kfl/ jfl/ s k[i7e"ld sfFu|] ; xf] t] x'P eL pGx+] P] ;f nug] nuf ls sfFu|] ;, dlxnf cf}/ vf; s/ cToGt lk58] cj: yf d] + / x] yf? ;d'bfo s] k|lt cR5f b[li6sf] 0f gxL+ / vtf . lkm/ jx ;+o'St yf? / fi6L«o df] rf{ ;]

cfa4 xf] uoL+ cf}/ afb d] + ;+3Lo nf] stfFlqs / fi6«Lo d+r ;] . ha kxnL af/ ;+ljwfg;ef u7g x'cf tf] jx ;dfg'kflts sL cf] / ;] ;ef;b agL . cf}/ b";/ L ;+ljwfg;ef d] + eL d+r sL t/ km ;] xL ;ef;b\ rog x'O{ x} .

lxdflngL k|ltlglw s~rgf emf g] rf}w/ L s] / fhgLlts hLjg cf}/ cfufdL of] hgf s] ;+a+w d] + nDaL aftrLt sL . k|: t't x}, aftrLt sf c+z =======

cfwf cfsfz–k"/L p8Þfg


cfj/0f

s'df/ ;lRrbfgGb

ef/ t s] k|wfgd+qL >L g/ ] Gb| df] bL g] kfn sL lålbj;Lo cf} krfl/ s ofqf

;DkGg s/ : jb] z nf} 6 r's] x} + cf} / 5f] 8Þ uP efj'stf tyf ;+j] bgf sL P] ;L nx/ lh;d] + k"/ f g] kfn nueu 8"a cf} / pt/ f / xf x} . oBlk oxfF a'l4hLljof] + sL P] ;L eL hdft x} hf] z'is cf} / gL/ ; tsf] {+ åf/ f hgdfg; s] cfj] u sf] sdt/ s/ gf rfxt] x} + . n] lsg df] bL s] jStJof] + cf} / s/ taf] +

sf hf] hfb" rnf, p;sf k|efj Otgf ux/ f x} ls ;f/ ] ts{–s'ts{ xjf d] + sk"/ sL t/ x p8Þt] gh/ cf / x] x} + cf} / ar uof x} tf] jx ;'Gb/ ;f eljio hxfF ef/ t cf} / g] kfn ;d/ ;tf tyf ;fd+h: o sL hdLg k/ v8Þ] xf] s/ k/ : k/ ;xof] u sL afFx] + km} nfP Ps–b";/ ] sL ;d[l4 s] ;kg] a'g / x] x} + . ox ofqf O;lnP eL dxTjk"0f{ yL ls ;qx jiff] {+ afb ls;L ef/ tLo k|wfgd+qL sL g] kfn sL ox cf} krfl/ s ofqf yL cf} / O; cjlw d] + ;dsIftf s] k|ltdfg g] kfn sL b[li6 ;] 9Ln] k8Þg] nu] y] . Ps lzsfot sf sfnf afbn g] kflnof] + s] dgf] dl: tis k/ dF8/ f / xf yf . P] ;] d] + >L df] bL sf cfudg ls;L lahnL sL sf} +w ;] sd gxL+ dfgf hf ;stf lh;g] cfzf cf} / / f] zgL sf Ps ;+;f/ / rf . O;sL rsfrf} +w ;] k"/ f g] kfn hudu x} . ca b] vgf x} ls O; ofqf ;] kgkL x'O{ g] kfn sL hgtf sL ef/ t s] k|lt cfzf–cfsfFIffPF lstgL kmlnt xf] tL x} + cf} / pgsL cfz+sfPF lstgL Go"gt/ xf] kftL x} + .

ox ;r x} ls g] kfn d] + Ps ju{ x} , hf] ef/ t sf k|v/ lj/ f] w s/ tf x} . O;sf sf/ 0f ef/ t s] ;fy k"j{ d] + x'P tyfslyt c;dfg ;lGw ;demf} t] x} + . O; ju{ s] nf] uf] + sf dfggf x} ls : jt+q ef/ t s]

df] bLdo g] kfn: jt+q ef/ t s] k|yd k|wfgd+qL g] kfn sf] Ps ;fj{ef} d b] z

s] ¿k d] + g n] s/ ckgL ;'/ Iff 5ftf s] cGb/ / xg] jfn] rLg cf} / ef/ t s] dWo akm/ hf] g s] ¿k d] n] t] y] cf} / ckg] b] z sL ;Ldf sf] pQ/ d] + lxdfno xf] g] sL aft sxt] y] cf} / Ps t/ x ;] g] kfn sL ;fj{ef} d ;Qf sf] c: jLsf/ s/ t] y] . ;g\ !(%) sL ;lGw sf] O;L sL Ps s8 ÞL dfgf hftf x} . c;dfg sf] zL cf} / u+8s ;demf} tf eL O;L ;f] r sf cfufdL sbd dfgf hftf x} . lbNnL s] g] x¿ s] afb sL ;/ sf/ f] + g] O;L gLlt sf] lg/ Gt/ tf bL . n] lsg g/ ] Gb| df] bL g] O; ;f] r

sf] unt ;flat s/ lbof x} .

cfj/0f

k|yd k|wfgd+qL g] kfn sf] Ps ;fj{ef} d b] z s] ¿k d] + g n] s/ ckgL ;'/ Iff 5ftf s] cGb/ / xg] jfn] rLg cf} / ef/ t s] dWo akm/ hf] g s] ¿k d] n] t] y] cf} / ckg] b] z sL ;Ldf sf] pQ/ d] + lxdfno xf] g] sL aft sxt] y] cf} / Ps t/ x ;] g] kfn sL ;fj{ef} d ;Qf sf] c: jLsf/ s/ t] y] . ;g\ !(%) sL ;lGw sf] O;L sL Ps s8ÞL dfgf hftf x} . c;dfg sf] zL cf} / u+8s ;demf} tf eL O;L ;f] r sf cfufdL sbd dfgf hftf x} . lbNnL s] g] x¿ s] afb sL ;/ sf/ f] + g] O;L gLlt sf] lg/ Gt/ tf bL . n] lsg g/ ] Gb| df] bL g] O; ;f] r sf] unt ;flat s/ lbof x} . pGxf] + g] g] kfn sL Joj: yflksf ;+;b d] + ha g] kfn s] ;fj{ef} d / fi6« xf] g] sL aft sxL ox xLgtf af] w sL l: ylt ;dfKt xf] uO{ . O;s] ;fy xL df] bL g] ;dfgtf s] w/ ftn k/ v8Þf xf] s/ pg ;f/ ] ;+lw–;demf} tf] + k/ eL k'glj{rf/ sL aft sxL, lh;s] sf/ 0f cfd g] kflnof] + s] dg d] + ef/ t s] k|lt cljZjf; cf} / cz+sf sf efj Go"g xf] uof . pGxf] +g] ox eL atfof ls g] kfn sf] ljsf; cf} / ;d[l4 rflxP cf} / O;s] lnP pmhf{ Jofkf/ k|d'v ljsNk x} . ef/ t g] kfn åf/ f pTkflbt pmhf{ sf] v/ Lbgf rfxtf x} . ca u] +b k"/ L t/ x g] kfn s] If] q d] + x} cf} / b] vgf x} ls ;fs{ ;Dd] ng ;] k"j{ O; lbzf d] + Sof k|ult xf] kftL x} .

Ps aft tf] lglZrt x} ls g] kfn sL w/ tL k/ hf] : jfut cf} / ;Ddfg g/ ] Gb| df] bL sf] ldnf jx clåtLo yf cf} / P] ;f nu / xf yf ls k"/ f g] kfn pgs] lnP kns kfFj8Þ] la5fP x'P x} . n] lsg O; ofqf d] + hf] 5f] 6] –df] 6] ;+lw–;demf} t] x'P, Ps k|wfgd+qL

sL ofqf sL b[li6 ;] O;] gu0o xL dfgf hf ;stf x} . ljut s] ;+lw–;demf} tf] + sf k'g/ fjnf] sg g] kfn sL b[li6 ;] dxTjk"0f{ d'2f x} . n] lsg ef/ t sL cf] / ;] pmhf{ Jofkf/ dxTjk"0f{ d'2f x} . Og bf] gf] + xL d'2f] + s] af/ ] d] + sf] O{ 7f] ; aftrLt gxL+ xf] kfoL x} . jt{dfg ;Gbef] {+ d] + o] d'2] 3'nldn uP x} + Sof] +ls ljZjf; s] w/ ftn k/ xL cfu] sL / 0fgLlt ag ;stL x} lh;d] + hn;|f] t cf} / pmhf{ ;DaGwL ;demf} t] xf] ;st] x} + . O;s] lnP g] kfn ls; sb/ eljio d] + lqmofzLn xf] ;stf x} ox ;do xL atnfPuf .

ef/ t s] k|wfgd+qL r'g] hfg] s] afb lh; ;+j] bgzLntf ;] >L df] bL g] g] kfn sL ofqf sf] ckgL k|fyldstf agfoL, p;s] bf] lglxtfy{ y] . k|yd tf] ox ls Ps wd{k/ fo0f g] tf sL pgsL 5lj / xL x} . ;f] dgfy sL w/ tL ;] / fhgLlt s] If] q d] + pe/ g] jfn] df] bL g] ljut ;+;bLo r'gfj

d] + ljZjgfy sL w/ tL k/ ljho xfl;n sL cf} / k|wfgd+qL ag] . O;lnP kz'kltgfy sL ofqf eL wfld{s b[li6 ;] pgsL k|fyldstf ag ;sL . b";/ f, ef/ tLo hgtf kf6L{ ox dfgtL / xL x} ljut sL sfFu|] ; ;/ sf/ g] ;eL k8Þf] l;of] + ;] ckg] ;DaGw v/ fa s/ lnP x} + . oxL sf/ 0f x} ls ;qx jiff] {+ afb ls;L ef/ tLo k|wfgd+qL sL g] kfn ofqf ;DkGg x'O{ hals g] kfn s] ;fy ef/ t s] ;DaGw s'5 cnu t/ x s] x} + . O;lnP df] bL g] ckgL wd{ofqf sf] / fhg} lts / +u b] g] s] lnP O;] / fhsLo ofqf d] + kl/ jlt{t s/ lbof hf] g] kfn cf} / ef/ t bf] gf] + sL xL b[li6 ;] låkIfLo ;DaGwf] + sf] a] xt/ s/ g] sL lbzf d] + cfjZos dxTjk"0f{ sbd dfgf hf ;stf x} . n] lsg O; laGb' k/ g] kfn ;] ;+j] bgzLntf sL ck] Iff sL hftL x} Sof] +ls ef/ t s] ;fy ;xsfo{ s] åf/ f jx ljsf; cf} / ;d[l4 sL lbzf d] + pmFrL 5nf+u nuf ;stf x} .

O; aft ;] ls;L sf] ljdlt gxL+ xf] ;stL ls cGt/ f{i6«Lo ;DaGw efj'stf, ;+j] bgf cf} / pQ/ bfloTj h} ;] dgf] efjf] + ;] gxL+ rnt] . / fi6« rfx] lstgf eL ;d[4 cf} / ;zSt Sof] + g xf] , p;sf lxt p;s] s] Gb| d] + xf] tf x} . g] kfn s] ;fy ef/ t sL nueu !*)) lsnf] dL6/ sL ;Ldf v'nL x} , oxL aft g] kfn s] ;fy eL x} . O;lnP k/ : k/ ;'/ Iff lr+tf oxfF clws dxTjk"0f{ x} . ox ;r x} ls cu/ g] kfn sf cljZjf; ef/ t s] ;fy 36tf x} cf} / Ogs] ;DaGwf] + d] + dw'/ tf sL ld>L 3'ntL x} , tf] cGo If] qLo tyf j} lZjs zlStof] + sf] oxfF v] ng] sf sd cj;/ k|fKt xf] uf cf} / kf/ : kl/ s ;'/ Iff sL b[li6 ;] ox Ps a] xt/ cfofd xf] ;stf x} . O;lnP ;DaGwf] + s] ;'b[9ÞLs/ 0f sL lbzf d] + bf] gf] + b] zf] + sf] ;sf/ fTds


cfj/0f

ckgL g] kfnofqf d] + dw] z of

cGo If] qLo d'2] sf] cxldot

gxL+ bL . lh;sf] n] s/ g] kfn sL dLl8of d] + hxfF pT;fx

b] vf hf / xf yf jxL+ dw] z cflb bnf] + s] g] tfcf] + d] +

lg/ fzf sL l: ylt b] vL uO{ . If] qLo d'2] sf] g ;Daf] lwt s/ df] bL g] Ps t/ x ;]

Ogs] g] tfcf] + sf] ox ;+b] z sfkmL ;nLs] ;] lbof x} ls

pgs] d'2] sf] cGt/ f{i6«Lo ¿k

d] + kxrfg gxL+ ldnL x} cf} / pGx] + ckgL n8ÞfO{ v'b n8ÞgL x} . O; d'2] sf] k|ToIf ¿k ;] x: tIf] k s/ ef/ t g] kfn

d] + >Ln+sf sL l: ylt gxL+ k} bf s/ gf rfxtf .

sbd p7fg] xf] +u] . oxL+ ;] ljZjf; sf hf] jftfj/ 0f ag] uf, cfly{s ;xof] u sL P] ;L hdLg t} of/ xf] uL hxfF ;] xd cu|ufdL lbzf d] + cfu] a9Þ ;st] x} + .

ox ;r x} ls g] kfn ef/ t sL b[li6 ;] g s] jn Ps : jt+q cf} / ;Dk|e' / fi6« x} alNs ox ef/ t sf afhf/ eL x} . O;lnP g] kfn s] cy{t+q sf ljsf; ls;L g ls;L ¿k d] + ef/ t s] cy{t+q s] lnP eL ;sf/ fTds xf] ;stf x} . O;lnP g] kfn sf] ;d[l4 sL lbzf d] + n] hfg] s] lnP ;sf/ fTds sbd p7fgf ef/ t sf bfloTj dfgf hf ;stf x} . cfh g] kfn s] ;fy ;a;] a8ÞL cfly{s ;d: of x} ls ef/ t s] ;fy p;sf Jofkf/ 3f6f ax't Hofbf x} cf} / O;] sd s/ g] s] lnP ef/ t s] ;fy lgof{t a9Þfgf g] kfn sL ;a;] a8ÞL k|fyldstf xf] ;stL x} . O; lbzf d] + pmhf{ ;demf} tf dLn sf kTy/ xf] ;stf x} . O;lnP O; If] q d] + cu/ cljZjf; x} tf] aftrLt s] åf/ f O;] sd of gu0o s/ g] sf k|of; tf] xf] gf xL rflxP, n] lsg O;] lg?T;flxt s/ g] sf sf] O{ eL k|of; g] kfn s] lnP ljwfoL gxL+ xf] ;stf . cfh g] kfn s] rfx] ls;L eL bn s] g] tf Sof] + g xf] , pGx] + ox ;demgf rflxP ls / fi6«lxt bnut lxt ;] pmk/ x} cf} / O; laGb' k/ pGx] + ;+sL0f{ / fhgLlt ;] pmk/ p7gf rflxP . ;dy{g cf} / lj/ f] w s] kf/ Dkl/ s dgf] lj1fg ;] cnu x6s/ gO{ hdLg k/ gP dfgb08 : yflkt s/ g] sL lbzf d] + cu|;/ xf] gf rflxP .

ef/ t sL b[li6 ;] ;jf{lws dxTjk"0f{ pmhf{–Jofkf/ x} , O; b[li6 ;] g] kfn sL eL

cfjZostf bf] od bh] { sL gxL+ dfgL hf ;stL . O;s] afjh"b hf] ;lqmotf g] kfn sL cf] / ;] lbvnfO{ hfgL rflxP jx b] vg] sf] gxL+ ldn / xL . sf/ 0f : ki6 x} ls O; laGb' k/ g] kfn d] + ls+sQ{Joljd"9Þtf sL l: ylt x} . O;L dgMl: ylt sf] cwf/ agfs/ cGt/ f{i6«Lo zlStofF O; d'2] sf] ckg] lxtf] + d] + pkof] u s/ gf rfxtL x+} . j] ox eL gxL+ rfxtL g] kfn–ef/ t d] + pmhf{ ;demf} tf gxL+ xf] , du/ pTkfbs cf} / qm] tf bf] gf] + sL e"ldsf d] + jx ef/ t sf] gxL+ b] vgf rfxtL . j] pTkfbg d] + ckgf lgj] z s/ ef/ t sf]

ljzfn pmhf{ afhf/ s] ¿k d] + b] v / xL x} + . O;lnP O; laGb' k/ g] kfn s] gLltsf/ f] + sf] sfkmL ;+hLbuL ;] gLltof] + sf lgdf{0f s/ gf xf] uf Sof] +ls tLg lbzf ;] ox ef/ t ;] e"kl/ j] li7t

/ fi6« x} cf} / ljjztf sL zt{ k/ cu/ xd p;k/ pTkflbt pmhf{ s] afhf/ Ls/ 0f sL aft s/ t] x} + cf} / cu/ jx ;xdt gxL+ x'cf tf] xdf/ f kfgL o"FxL axtf / x] uf . tL;/ ] b] zf] + d] + lahnL kx'Frfg] sL aft sf] ;fsf/ ¿k b] g] d] + bzsf] + nu hfPFu] .

Ps aft tf] lglZrt x} ls Joj: yflksf ;+;b d] + df] bL g] hf] d+q lbof, p;d] + Ps t/ x ;] g] kfn sL clwsf+z ;d: ofcf] + s] ;dfwfg s] ;+s] t laGb' y] . ox ;r x} ls cfnf] rgf cf} / ;dfnf] rgf tf] xf] tL / xtL x} n] lsg O;s] aLr ;] xd] + ckg] lnP ;f/ tTj lgsfngf rflxP . cfh g] kfn ;+qmd0f sfn s] bf} / ;] u'h/ / xf x} . ;++ljwfg lgdf{0f sf sfo{ rn / xf x} cf} / cfufdL s'5 dxLgf] + d] + O;] hf/ L s/ g] sf nIo x} . n] lsg O;] hf/ L s/ g] ;] eL dxTjk"0f{ x} ;j{: jLsfo{ agfgf . O; b[li6 ;] pgsL O; aft sL k|f;+lustf a9Þ hftL x} ls ;+ljwfg lgdf{tfcf] + s] lnP Clifdg rflxP . ;r x} ls O; efje"ld k/ v8Þ] xf] s/ xd x/ ju{ sL hgtf sL cfsf+Iffcf] + sf] ;dem ;st] x} + . Psf+uL tyf e] befjk"0f{ zf;g sf cf/ f] k xdf/ L ;/ sf/ f] + k/ nutf / xf x} , O;;] v'b sf] lgsfn s/ Ps ;j{: jLsfo{ ;+ljwfg sL k|: tfjgf k] z lsof hf ;stf x} . O;L Ps d+q sf] cdnL hfdf kxgfs/ t/ fO{, kxf8Þ cf} / lxdfnLo k|b] zf] + sL cfsf+Iffcf] + sL s;f} 6L k/ k|: tfljt ;+ljwfg sf] v/ f ptf/ f hf ;stf x} . ca ts sL xdf/ L

cfj/0f

/ fhgLlt sL ;a;] a8ÞL ;d: of ox / xL x} ls g] kfn s] / fi6«Lo : t/ k/ O;s] gfosf] + g] : jo+ sf] l;4 s/ g] sL sf] lzz gxL+ sL x} . O;lnP If] qLotf cf} / ;fDk|bflostf sf cf/ f] k Og k/ nutf / xf x} . O;lnP df] bL s] O; d+q d] + Og cf/ f] kf] + ;] lgsng] sL ;+hLjgL eL x} .

df] bL s] cfudg ;] k"j{ g] kfn d] + df] bL sf] s6\6/ lxGb"jfbL g] tf s] ¿k d] + k|rfl/ t lsof uof yf cf} / pGx] + blIf0fk+yL / fhgLlt sf kf] ifs dfgf uof yf . O; cfwf/ k/ g] kfn sL s'5 / fhg} lts zlStofF hf] lkmnxfn lr+uf/ L s] ¿k d] + cju'l07t x} , ckg] lnP cg's"n ;do cfg] sf : jKg b] v / xL yL, n] lsg df] bL s] …;+3Lo nf] stf+lqs u0ft+qfTds g] kfnÚ sL aft ;] pgsL ;'nutL dxTjfsf+Iffcf] + k/ Ps t/ x ;] kfgL lkm/ uof . u] ?cf j: q d] + pgsf kz'klt bz{g cf} / Joj: yflksf ;+;b d] + pbf/ / fhg} lts lr+tg sL hf] lbzf b] vg] sf] ldnL p;;] pGxf] +g] : ki6tM ;+b] z lbof x} ls JolStut : t/ k/ j] wfld{s tf] x} + du/ / fhg} lts : t/ k/ nf] stf+lqs u0ft+qfTds b] z s] k|wfgd+qL x} + cf} / g] kfn d] + eL O; Joj: yf s] k|lt pgsL ;f] r ;sf/ fTds cf} / ;xof] ufTds x} . sf] O{ eL cltjfbL zlStofF ef/ t sf / fhglos ;xof] u n] g] sL cj: yf d] + gxL+ x} . O;s] ;fy xL O;d] + ox eL ;+b] z lglxt x} ls g] kfn sL / fhg} lts lbzf to s/ gf k|ydtM cf} / cGttM g] kfnL hgtf sf clwsf/ x} .

df] bL g] ckgL g] kfnofqf d] + dw] z of cGo If] qLo d'2] sf] cxldot gxL+ bL

. lh;sf] n] s/ g] kfn s] dLl8of d] + hxfF pT;fx b] vf hf / xf yf jxL+ dw] z cflb bnf] + s] g] tfcf] + d] + lg/ fzf sL l: ylt b] vL uO{ . If] qLo d'2] sf] g ;Daf] lwt s/ df] bL g] Ps t/ x ;] Ogs] g] tfcf] + sf] ox ;+b] z sfkmL ;nLs] ;] lbof x} ls pgs] d'2] sf] cGt/ f{i6«Lo ¿k d] + kxrfg gxL+ ldnL x} cf} / pGx] + ckgL n8ÞfO{ v'b n8ÞgL x} . O; d'2] sf] k|ToIf ¿k ;] x: tIf] k s/ ef/ t g] kfn d] + >Ln+sf sL l: ylt gxL+ k} bf s/ gf rfxtf . O;s] afjh"b pGxf] +g] sfkmL ;+hLbuL ;] O; d'2] sf] g] kfn sL Joj: yflksf ;+;b s] k6n k/ / v lbof x} . ha pGxf] +g] g] kfn s] ;+ljwfg s] ;dfj] zL xf] g] sf ;+s] t lsof cf} / sxf ls g] kfn sf ;+ljwfg P] ;] u'nb: t] sL t/ x xf] gf rflxP lh;d] + k"/ ] b] z s] x/ ju{ s] nf] uf] + sf] nu] ls O;d] + p;s] eL km"n sL v'za" x} tf] dfggf rflxP ls O;d] + dw] z s] d'2] sf eL ;+af] wg x} . ;+3Lotf k/ tf] pGxf] +g] d'x/ nufO{ xL x} . dw] z sf d'2f eL O;;] afx/ gxL+ .

cfh cu/ g] kfn df] bL sL ofqf ;] clee"t x} tf] df] bL eL g] kfn ;] vf;] clee"t x} + cf} / uf} td a'4 tyf lszf] / LhL sL hGde"ld s] ¿k d] + O;] ;Daf] lwt lsof x} . O;s] k|lt >4f sf efj Ps : jfefljs j[lQ dfgL hf ;stL x} . oxL sf/ 0f x} ls ckg] b] z s] ^* j] + : jt+qtf–lbj; s] cj;/ k/ / fi6« sf] ;Daf] lwt s/ t] x'P nfn lsn] s] k|frL/ ;] g] kfn sf ;Gbe{ b] s/ ljZj ;d'bfo sf] ox pGxf] +g] ;+b] z lbof ls cfGtl/ s åGå ;xhtf ;] ;'nemfg] s] dfdn] d] + ljZj ;d'bfo sf] g] kfn ;]

;Lvg] sL cfjZostf x} . g] kfn d] + hf/ L zflGt k|lqmof sL v'ns/ k|z+;f pGxf] +g] sL . ;d|f6 czf] s s] lx+;f–Tofu s] k|s/ 0f sf] b'x/ ft] x'P pGxf] +g] sxf ls Ps ;do yf ls ha g] kfn sL o'jf kL9ÞL lx+;f s] dfu{ d] + cu|;/ yL, cfh jxL g] kfn s] k|: tfljt ;+ljwfg sL / fx b] v / xL x} cf} / p;s] k|ltlglw ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f s] sfo{ d] + ;+nUg x} + . O; k|lqmof sf] pGxf] +g] ef/ t s] lnP eL cg's/ 0fLo sxs/ jxfF ;lqmo gS;nk+lyof] + sf] eL d'Vowf/ d] + cfg] sf ;+b] z lbof . O; ljlzi6 ;df/ f] x d] + g] kfn sf b[i6fGt b] s/ Ps cf] / pGxf] +g] ckg] b] z sL nueu ;jf c/ a cfafbL sf] zf+lt sf kf7 lbof b";/ L cf] / O; sfo{qmd d] + pkl: yt nueu ;f} b] zf] + s] s"6g} lts lgof] uf] + s] k|d'vf] + sf eL O; cf] / Wofgfsif{0f lsof .

g] kfn s] ;Gbe{ d] + df] bL sf dxTj ox / xf ls k|r08 ax'dt s] ;fy ;Qf sL afu8f] / ;+efnt] xL pGxf] +g] g] kfn sL ofqf sf] ckgL k|fyldstf d] + / vL . pgsf dxfTDo ox / xf ls lh; v'n] x[bo ;] pGxf] +g] Joj: yflksf ;+;b d] + ckgL aft / vL, jx P] ltxfl;s yL . O; ;Daf] wg d] + Ps t/ x ;] pGxf] +g] pg ;f/ ] d'2f] + sf] ;Daf] lwt s/ g] sL sf] lzz sL lhgs] sf/ 0f ef/ t s] k|lt g] kfn d] + cljZjf; sf jftfj/ 0f / xf x} . g] kfn s] ax'd'vL ljsf; s] lnP pGxf] +g] HIT -lx6_ cyf{t\ xfO{j] h, cfOj] h cf} / 6«fG;j] h sf kmfd"{nf k|bfg lsof . ca ox g] kfn s] g] tfcf] + s] xfy d] + x} ls j] ls; k|sf/ ef/ t s] ;fy ;xsfo{ sf] cfu] a9Þft] x} +, zflGt k|lqmof sf] k"0f{tf b] t] x} + cf} / g] kfn sf] ;du| ljsf; sL lbzf d] + cu|;/ s/ t] x} + . ef/ t s] k|lt ;fd|fHojfbL cf} / lj: tf/ jfbL h} ;] cf/ f] k tf] p;L lbg ljulnt xf] uP ha df] bL sL ofqf sL k[i7e"ld d] + g] kfn sL ofqf k/ cfO{+ ef/ tLo ljb] zd+qL >LdtL ;'ifdf : j/ fh g] Ps xL jfSo d] + sx 8fnf ls …ufFwL sL e"ld xL ef/ t s] lnP kof{KtÚ x} . ;a;] dxTjk"0f{ x} ls : jo+ ef/ t s] k|wfgd+qL g] kfn s] dfdnf] + d] + ?lr n] / x] x} + . ca g] kfn sf] eL rflxP ls ud{hf] zL s] O; jftfj/ 0f d] + ;f/ ] ljjfbf] + sf] ;'nemf s/ / fi6«lxt d] + lg0f{o s/ ] + cf} / cfu] a9Þ] + . ox eL Wofg d] + / vgf rflxP ls ;+j] bgf s] : t/ k/ nuL ux/ L rf] 6] + b/ f/ ] + eL k} bf s/ tL+ x} + . cfzf sL hf ;stL x} ls ef/ t cf} / g] kfn s] kf/ Dkl/ s cf} / ljlzi6 ;DaGwf] + s] aLr sf] O{ P] ;L b/ f/ k} bf gxL+ xf] uL .


ef/ t s] k|wfgd+qL g/ ] Gb| df] bL g] kfn s] bf] lbgf] + s] ;b\

efjgf e|d0f k/ # cu: t sf] sf7df+8" kx'+r] cf} / p;L lbg ckg] clt ;'dw'/ ;/ n cfTdLotfk"0f{, ;f/ ule{t cf} / ;d: of–;dfwfg o'Qm lxGbL efif0f ;] g s] jn %&% ;b: oLo g] kfnL ;+ljwfg ;ef s] ;ef;bf] + sf] ub\ub\ s/ lbof . clkt' / ] l8of] sf] sfg nufP a} 7] nfvf] + >f] tfcf] + cf} / 6LjL bz{sf] + ;lxt ;fdfGo g] kfnL hgtf sf eL dg df] x lnof, d+qd'Uw s/ lbof . pgs] efif0f s] x/ jfSo k/ ;ef;bf] + sL tflnof] + sL u8Þu8Þfx6f] + ;] …;+ljwfg ;ef ejgÚ af/ –af/ u"+h p7tf yf .

jf: tljstf tf] ox x} ls g] kfnL hgtf s] lbnf] –lbdfu d] + k} bf xf] r's] df] bL–k|] d sf ktf tf] pgs] efif0f ;] kxn] xL rn r'sf yf . ha, ;+af] wg s/ g] s] lnP jL/ ] Gb| ;efu[x cft] jQm pgsL Ps emns kfg] s] lnP 3+6f] + ;] OGthf/ s/ / xL cfd g] kfnL hgtf g] efj–ljXjn xf] s/ ……x/ x/ df] bL – 3/ 3/ df] bLÚÚ sf uuge] bL gf/ f nufof . cf} / , s/ tn £jlg s] ;fy …g/ ] Gb| df] bL lhGbfjfbÚ s] gf/ ] ;] cfsfz sf] u+'hfodfg s/ lbof . Ps ;fdfGo …/ ] nj] 6L–AjfoÚ ;] ;jf ;f} s/ f] 8Þ sL cfafbLjfn] b] z, ef/ t s] k|wfgd+qL kb

ts kx'+r] df] bL g] g] kfnL hgtf s] O; cufw k|] d sf] ef+k lnof . cf} / , ;'/ Iff–Joj: yfcf] + sL k/ jfx lsP lagf, k|wfgd+qL s] sflkmn] sL uf8ÞL ;] gLr] pt/ s/ g] kfnL df+–axgf] +, jfn–j[4f] + cf} / o'jsf] + sf clejfbg : jLsf/ lsof . jx g] kfn cf} / ef/ t ;/ sf/ sL k'Vtf ;'/ Iff Joj: yf sL k/ jfx lsP lagf xL …rLg lgld{t sf] bf/ L / fhdfu{Ú k/ sO{ af/ …a'n] 6 k|'km sf/ Ú ;] gLr] pt/ ] cf} / eL8Þ d] + 3';s/ clt pT;flxt o'jsf] + ;lxt pkl: yt nf] uf] + ;] xfy eL ldnfof .

k|wfgd+qL df] bL g] ;ef;bf] + sf] ;+af] lwt s/ t] ;do …g] kfnL / fhgLlts If] q d] + jiff{] + ;] sL hf / xL ef/ t lj/ f] wL / fhgLlts v] tL sL b'vtL / uf] + k/ eL xfy 8fnf cf} / …af/ –af/ ;fj{ef} d g] kfnÚ sf pRrf/ 0f s/ , ef/ t lj/ f] lwof] + sf] ux/ f em6sf lbof . O;L k|sf/ pGxf] +g] g] kfn sf] eujfg a'4 sL hGde"ld atft] x'P g] kfn s] ef/ t lj/ f] lwof] + sL O; cfz+sf sf eL lgjf/ 0f s/ lbof ls ……ef/ t sf bfjf x} ls eujfg a'4 ef/ t d] + hGd]

y] Ú . O;L k|sf/ pGxf] +g] g] kfn sf] …u0ftf+lqs nf] st+qÚ ;] ;+af] lwt s/ oxf+ s] / fhjflbof] + åf/ f km} nfo] hf / x] p; b'ik|rf/ sf] eL w"n–w";l/ t s/ lbof lh;d] + ox km} nfof hf / xf yf ls ……r"+ls k|wfgd+qL df] bL / fi6«Lo : jo+;] js ;+3 s] k|rf/ s / x r's] x} +Ú cf} / pgsL kf6L{ …ef/ tLo hgtf kf6L{ sf dft[–;+u7g eL, cf/ P;P; . xL x} , O;lnP ef/ t sL df] bL ;/ sf/ , …ljZj s] Psdfq lxGb" / fi6« g] kfnÚ sL / fhu2L k/ / fhf 1fg] Gb| lkm/ ;] lj/ fhdfg s/ f ;stL x} .

df] bL g] ckg] rfnL; ldg6 s] ;+af] wg d] + hxf+, oxf+ s] dfcf] jflbof] + sf …o'4 ;] a'4Ú cf} / z: q ;] zf: q sf dfu{ ckgfg] s] lnP d'Qm s+7f] + ;] clejfbg lsof cf} / Clif dg ;] …;+ljwfg lgdf{0fÚ s] sfo{ sf] hNb ;] hNb k"/ f s/ g] sL ;nfx bL jxL+ b";/ L cf] / O; sfo{ d] + ef/ t s] x/ ;xof] u sL k] zsz eL sL . O;s] ;fy xL pGxf] +g] ljZj e/ d] + xf] / x] / fhgLlts v"g–v/ fa] cf} / g/ ;+xf/ d] + nuL tfstf] +, dfcf] jflbof] + cf} / gS;lnof] + sf] g] kfn

df] bL, g] kfn cf} / dw] zL

/fdfzLif

cfj/0f

;] lzIff n] t] x'P zflGt Pj+ nf] sd+q s] / f: t] ;] hgtf sf] ;'v zf+lt kx'+rfg] sL ckLn sL .

O;s] ;fy xL pGxf] +g] g] kfn sL ;/ sf/ cf} / g] tfcf] + ;] g] kfn d] + ljBdfg hn;|f] tf] + sf ljsf; s/ O;sf e/ k"/ nfe p7fg] sL ckLn sL cf} / : ki6 s/ lbof ls …g] kfn d] + pTkflbt lahnL, ef/ t d'km\t d] + gxL+ n] uf . pGxf] +g] sxf cfh xd cfksf c+w] / f b"/ / x] x} + n] lsg b; jiff{] + s] afb cfk ef/ t sf c+w] / f b"/ s/ ] +u] . O;L s] bf} / fg pGxf] +g] g] kfn sf] dfd"nL Aofh k/ !) xhf/ s/ f] 8Þ ¿ko] s] C0f ;xof] u s/ g] sL eL 3f] if0ff sL .

df] bL g] d'Qm s+7 ;] sxf bf] gf] + b] zf] + s] ;+a+wf] + d] + cfg] jfnL afwfcf] + tyf cfksL x/ cfz+sf sf] b"/ s/ g] s] lnP ef/ t t} of/ x} , cfk xdf/ ] ;fdg] nfOP, xd ;eL z+sfP+ b"/ s/ ] +u] . dfn"d xf] ls df] bL s] zky u|x0f ;df/ f] x d] + efu n] g] s] lnP gO{ lbNnL kx'+r] g] kfn s] k|wfgd+qL ;'zLn sf] O/ fnf sf] eL cfZjf;g lbof ls jx sf] O{ Ps kl/ of] hgf sf sfo{qmd pgs] kf; lehjfP+, jx p;] Ps lukm\6 s] ¿k d] + ;Dk"0f{ ef/ tLo nfut ;] k"/ f s/ fP+u] .

ox Ps ;+of] u xL yf ls k|wfgd+qL df] bL s] ;+af] wg ;] 7Ls kxn] g] kfn s] PaL;L 6] nLljhg s] Go"h ¿d ;] d'em] Ps kmf] g sf‘n ldnf cf} / d'em;] …nfOe OG6/ Jo"Ú b] g] sf cfu|x lsof uof . tb\g';f/ , d} + nueu ;f9Þ] tLg ah] : 6"l8of] kx'+rf cf} / …rf/ ah] s] ;dfrf/ k|;f/ 0f s] ;fy xL d] / ] nfOe OG6/ Jo" sf k|;f/ 0f eL z'¿ x'cf . OG6/ Jo" s] bf} / fg PaL;L s] jl/ i7 kqsf/ ls/ 0f afa" dx§f sf 3'df lkm/ fs/ Ps ;jfn af/ –af/ cfof, cf} / jx yf ls …Sof df] bL hL s] g] kfn e|d0f ;] g] kfn d] + ;lqmo …/ fhfjflbof] + s] ……/ fhf sf] lkm/ ;] u2L cf/ f] x0f s/ fg] ÚÚ s] k|of; sf] an ldn] uf < cf} / , d] / f Ps xL gkf t'nf pQ/ yf ls ca oxf+ s] / fhf ;] n] s/ / fhfjfbL g] tfcf] + ts s] / fhgLlts PS;/ ] Kn] 6, O{;LhL . cf} / Osf] sfl8{of] u|fd df] bL hL s] kf; x} . ca g] kfn cf} / g] kfnL g] tfcf] + s] af/ ] d] + k"/ L t/ x hfgg] jfn] ef/ tLo g] tfcf] +, / fhglosf] + cf} / kqsf/ f] + sL sdL gxL+ x} . ca sf] O{ eL k|of; ef/ t sf] a/ unf gxL+ ;s] uf . n] lsg,

xf+, df] bL hL s] g] kfn e|d0f cf} / pgs] lxGb" cfr/ 0f ;] lxGb'Tj sf] cjZo xL an ldn] uf . O;;] bf] gf] + xL b] zf] + sL hgtf s] aLr ;b\efj cf} / cfTdLotf sL j[l4 cjZo xf] uL .

df] bL hL g] b";/ ] lbg, cyf{t >fj0f dxLg] s] clGtd ;f] djf/ sf] k"j{ lgwf{l/ t sfo{qmd s] cg';f/ eujfg kz'klt gfy s] d+lb/ d] + cfof] lht ljz] if k"hf d] + efu lnof, d+lb/ s] ef/ tLo e§f] + cf} / cGo k'hfl/ of] + ;] k|;fb–cfzLjf{b u|x0f lsof hf] g] kfn ef/ t s] Oltxf; d] + kxnL 36gf yL . : jt+q ef/ t s] k|yd k|wfgd+qL k+l8t hjfx/ nfn g] x¿,

nfnaxfb'/ zf: qL cf} / O+lb/ f uf+wL ;] n] s/ O+b|s'df/ u'h/ fn ts g] g] kfn sf e|d0f lsof n] lsg pgd] + ;] ls;L g] eL eujfg kz'kltgfy d+lb/ d] + k"0f{ zf: qLo ljlw ;] k"hf cr{gf gxL+ sL yL . df] bL s] O; cfr/ 0f g] ljZj s] ;Dk"0f{ lxGb" ;dfh sf dgf] an p+rf lsof . pgs] O; cfr/ 0f sf sbflk ox cy{ gxL+ lgsfnf hfgf rflxP ls …O;;] k|v/ ef/ t lj/ f] wL sdn yfkf h} ;] tTj sL …lxGb" ;lqmotf sL cf8Þ d] + u2LljxLg xf] r's] / fhf 1fg] Gb| sf] lkm/ ;] u2Lg;Lg s/ fg] s] cleofg sf] an ldn] uf .

d] / ] O+6/ Jo" sf cGt x'cf cf} / ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + df] bL hL sf ;+af] wg z'¿ xf] uof . pQm r} g] n s] clwsf+z kqsf/ : 6"l8of] d] +

hdf xf] uP y] cf} / df] bL hL s] efif0f s] x/ jfSo sf] …a|] ls+u Go"hÚ atft] x'P v'zL ;] p5n / x] y] . d} + eL : 6"l8of] d] + aGb / xf . cf} / , df] bLhL s] efif0f s] afb d] / ] OG6/ Jo"stf{ ls/ 0f hL g] ox l6Kk0fL s/ t] x'P d'em] ljbf lsof ls …df] bLhL s] efif0f d] + jx ;a s'5 ;'gg] sf] ldnf, lh;sf cg'dfg, cfk OG6/ Jo" s] bf} / fg nuf r's] y] , cfksf] ;fw'jfb . d} +g] pg;] sxf g] kfn sf] enL–ef+lt hfgg] ;demg] jfnf ef/ t sf sf] O{ eL g] kfn–lxt} ifL jxL ;'emfj–;nfx–ljrf/ Pj+ ;xof] u b] uf hf] df] bL hL g] lbn vf] ns/ lbof x} .

aft / xL dw] lzof] + sL, b";/ ] lbg, cyf{t $ cu: t sL . p; lbg k|wfgd+qL df] bL, ljleGg / fhgLlts kfl6{of] + s] g] tfcf] + ;] cnu–ldng] jfn] x} +, O;sL ;"rgf afx/ cf r'sL yL . sf7df+8" l: yt ef/ tLo kqsf/ f] + Pj+ gO{ lbNnL ;] oxf+ cfP dLl8ofsdL{ s] ;fy xL g] kfnL dLl8ofsdL{ eL, xoft xf] 6n s] k|wfgd+qL sIf d] + k|j] z s/ g] jfn] cf} / jxf+ ;] jfk; cfg] jfn] g] tfcf] + k/ 6s6sL nufP a} 7] y] . k|wfgd+qL

df] bL g] dfcf] jfbL g] tf k'iksdn bxfn Pj+ afa"/ fd e§/ fO{ ;] n] s/ g] kfn sDo'lg: 6 kf6L{ -Pdfn] _ tyf / fi6«Lo k|hft+q kf6L{ s] g] tfcf] + ;] cnu–cnu e] +6 sL . hals, df] bL g] ef/ tLo ;Ldf ;] nu] t/ fO{ -dw] z_ sL 6's8Þf] + d] + ljeflht kfl6{of] + s] dw] zL g] tfcf] + ;] Ps ;fy e] +6 lsof .

dw] zL g] tfcf] + sf] bL uO{ e] +6 d] + dfcf] jfbL k[i7e"ld s] k"j{ ljb] z d+qL pk] Gb| ofbj, g] kfnL sf+u|] ; k[i7e"ld s] k"j{ u[x tyf pkk|wfgd+qL ljho s'df/ uR5bf/ , g] kfnL sf+u|] ; k[i7e"ld s] xL dx+y 7fs'/ , pk] Gb| ofbj sL kf6L{ ;] km"6s/ agL kf6L{ s] g] tf tyf k"j{ d+qL hok|sfz k|;fb u'Ktf, dx+y 7fs'/ sL kf6L{ ;] cnu xf] r's] g] tf tyf k"j{ d+qL dx] Gb| ofbj,

cfj/0f

k|wfgd+qL df] bL g] ;ef;bf] + sf] ;+af] lwt s/ t] ;do …g] kfnL / fhgLlts If] q d] + jiff{] + ;] sL hf / xL ef/ t lj/ f] wL

/ fhgLlts v] tL sL b'vtL / uf] + k/ eL xfy 8fnf cf} / …af/ –af/ ;fj{ef} d g] kfnÚ sf pRrf/ 0f s/ , ef/ t lj/ f] lwof] + sf]

ux/ f em6sf lbof .


hok|sfz u'Ktf sL kf6L{ ;] km"6s/ cnu x'P / fhlszf] / ofbj, dxfg TofuL tyf ef/ t ldq : j= uh] Gb| gf/ fo0f l;+x åf/ f : yflkt ……g] kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{ÚÚ sf] cfw] bh{g ;] eL clws 6's8Þf] + d] + af+6g] d] + ;kmn x'P k"j{ d+qL / fh] Gb| dxtf] tyf clgn s'df/ emf zfldn y] . dx+y 7fs'/ s] k"j{ kLP tyf g] kfnL sf+u|] ; s] ;ef;b cd/ ] z s'df/ l;+x cf} / Pg] skf -dfcf] jfbL_ ;ef;b\ k|e' ;fx sL eL 3';k} 7 xf] uO{ yL . Sof] +ls, pQm bf] gf] + xL dw] zL ;ef;bf] + sf] pgsL ckgL kf6L{ s] 8] nLu] zg d] + sf] O{ hux gxL+ bL uO{ yL .

dfn"d xf] ls lk5n] r'gfj d] + a'/ L t/ x xf/ r's] ckgL–ckgL kf6L{ s] cWoIf / fh] Gb| dxtf] , clgn s'df/ emf cf} / / fhlszf] / ofbj, ;dfg'kflts ;L6f] + k/ ckgL klTgof] + sf] la7f r's] x} + hals dx+y 7fs'/ g] ckg] Ps l/ Zt] bf/ sf] ;dfg'kflts ;L6 ;f} +k lbof x} . pQm g] tfcf] + s] Og cg} lts s[Tof] + s] sf/ 0f cfh g s] jn dw] z cfGbf] ng d'/ emfof x'cf lbvg] nuf x} clkt' dw] z / fhgLlt ;] wGgf;] 7 ag r's] pQm ;eL dw] zL g] tfcf] + s] k|lt dw] lzof] + d] + ef/ L 3[0ff cf} / lg/ fzf sL efjgf 3/ s/ r'sL x} .

zfob oxL sf/ 0f yf ls df] bL–sIf ;] afx/ lgsng] k/ , dw] zL g] tfcf] + s] r] x/ ] k/

g tf] sf] O{ k|;Ggtf lbvtL yL cf} / g xL sf] O{ pT;fx . kmn: j¿k, xoft l/ h] G;L xf] 6n d] + df] bL sIf s] afx/ ef/ L ;+Vof d] + pkl: yt g] kfnL -kxf8ÞL_ l/ kf] 6{/ f] + cf} / kqsf/ f] + d] + ef/ L v'zL lbvfoL b] / xL yL . pgnf] uf] + s] aLr rrf{ sf Ps xL ljifo yf ls– df] bL hL g] 7Ls lsof, pGxf] +g] Og dw] lzof] + sf] cnu ;] tf] e] +6 gxL+ xL bL, cf} / ;fd"lxs e] +6 d] + eL hNb ;] hNb ;+ljwfg agfg] tyf kxf8L–dw] zL sL efjgf gxL+ e8Þsfg] sL ;nfx bL .

hals, e] +6stf{cf] + d] + Ps ;ef;b tyf ckgL kf6L{ s] cWoIf dx] Gb| ofbj sf sxgf x} ls ……df] bL hL g] xd ;af] + sL aftf] + sf] u+eL/ tf ;] ;'gf cf} / : ki6 ¿k d] + sxf ls d} +g] ckg] ;+af] wg d] + sxf x} ls g] kfn sf ;+ljwfg P] ;L u'nbZtf ;flat xf] lh;d] + b] z s] ;eL ju{ sf] u'nbZt] d] + ;hfP uP ckg] km"n sL v'za" eL dx;"; xf] . ;+ljwfg d] + sf] df–km'n: 6fk sL eL P] ;L untL gxL+ xf] hf] cfu] rns/ ljifaLh ags/ ljifj[If g ag hfPÚ <

g] kfn s] dw] lzof] + sL u'nfdL hLjg sf bzsf] + ;] cWoog s/ / x] sf7df+8"jf;L a'l4hLljof] + cf} / kqsf/ f] + g] cnu–cnu e] +6 d] + …g] kfnL l/ kf] 6{/ f] + sL v'zLofnL… s] af/ ] d] + ckgL u+eL/ k|ltlqmof JoQm sL x} . pgsf sxgf x} ls sf7df+8" 3f6L s] s'+P

d] + zf;s ju{ sf k|ltlglwTj s/ g] jfn] Og a] rf/ ] l/ kf] 6{/ f] + Pj+ kqsf/ f] + sf] zfob hdLgL ;RrfO{ sf 1fg xL gxL+ x} . cf} / , olb df] bL hL g] Og wga6f] ¿–l/ Zjtvf] / dw] zL g] tfcf] + sL sf/ u'hfl/ of] + sL k[i7e"ld d] + s'5 ¿vL aftrLt eL sL xf] tf] O;sf cy{ ox gxL+ ls pGx] + nueu Ps s/ f] 8Þ lxGbL af] ng] cf} / ;demg] jfn] dw] lzof] + sL …u'nfdL–kL8ÞfÚ sf 1fg gxL+ x} . jf: tljstf tf] ox x} ls olb dw] lzof] + s] k|lt g] kfn sf Ps ju{ljz] if–hflt ljz] if sf zf;g, ckg] 9fO{ ;f} jiff{] + s] / j} o] k/ sfod / xf, tf] jx lbg b"/ gxL+ ha ;Ldf ;] nu] laxf/ cf} / pQ/ k|b] z s] dw] lzof] + s] l/ Zt] bf/ , g] kfn sf] hf] 8Þg] jfnL d'Vo ;8Þsf] + k/ …dxfTdf uf+wL sf lgxTyf–;Tofu|xÚ g k|f/ +e s/ b] . cf} / , ;a;] kxn] / fhwfgL ;] zf;g s] 8+8] 3'df / x] zf;sf] + sf xL gds–t] n–u} ; s] ;fy xL lahnL sf ;+s6 g v8ÞL s/ b] . olb ox b'ef{Uok"0f{ l: ylt k} bf xf] xL uO{ tf] p; xfnt d] + ef/ t s] k|wfgd+qL df] bL tf] Sof laxf/ cf} / pQ/ k|b] z s] d'Vo d+lqof] +, / fHo ;/ sf/ f] + s] lnP eL xfy k/ xfy w/ s/ a} 7] / xg] s] l;jf cf} / sf] O{ / f: tf gxL+ ar] uf .

: d/ 0fLo x} ls df] xgbf; s/ drGb uf+wL, g] gLnx] sf] 7L s] c+u|] h dflnsf] + åf/ f km6] xfn laxf/ L dhb"/ f] + k/ lsP hf / x] hf] / –h'Nd s] lvnfkm klZrdL rDkf/ 0f sL p;L kljq w/ tL ;] …;Tofu|xÚ sL z'¿cft sL yL hf] aL/ u+h cf} / / S;f} n ;] ;6L x'O{ x} . O;L kljq e"ld k/ z'¿ lsP ;Tofu|x cfGbf] ng ;] jx …dxfTdfÚ xL gxL+, ef/ t s] / fi6«lktf eL sxnfP y] .

dfn"d xf] ls dw] zL o'jsf] + sf Ps ax't xL a8Þf ;d"x, Ps o'jf dw] zL j} 1flgs 8f= ;Ls] / fpt s] g] t[Tj d] + ;+ul7t xf] / xf x} hals b";/ L cf] / hok|sfz u'Ktf eL Ps ax't xL a8Þ] zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf] ng sL t} of/ L d] + h'6] x'P x} + . pgsf sxgf x} ls nueu 9ÞfO{ ;f} jiff{] + ;] xd dw] lzof] + k/ zf;g s/ t] cf / x] zf;s ju{, xd] + ;dfgtf sf clwsf/ tf] b"/ , ;fdfGo clwsf/ eL gxL+ b] uf . Sof] +ls, jx tf] …lagf o'4] g s] zjMÚ s] P] +7–cs8Þ e/ ] b'of{] wg jfSo k/ cl8u x} . O; ;+ljwfg ;ef ;] eL xd sf] O{ pDdLb gxL+ s/ ;st] Sof] +ls O; af/ sL ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + tf] kIf cf} / ljkIf pGxL+ cNk;+Vos hfltljz] if s] ;b: of] + ;] e/ f k8Þf x} . O;lnP xd] + ;+ul7t xf] gf xL k8Þ] uf . 8f= / fpt g] v'n] cfd : jt+q dw] z sL 3f] if0ff s/ bL x} tyf af+unfb] z s] ;+: yfks g] tf a+ua+w' z] v d'hLa'/ {xdfg sL th{ k/ …: jt+q dw] ] zÚ sf pb\3f] if s/ t] x'P p;s] …g] zgn PGyd -/ fi6«ufg_ ;lxt Ps k'l: tsf cf} / dw] z sf Oltxf; gfds k': ts eL k|sflzt s/ bL x} , hf] ;/ ] cfd a+6 eL / xL x} .

cfj/0f

Ps sxfjt x} …laNnL s] efUo ;] 5L+sf 6"6gfÚ, lk5n] s'5 lbgf] + d] +

g] kfn sL jf] hgtf, lhgsL gLot xd] zf ;] dw] z s] lnP a] O{dfg / xL x} , df] bL s] dZj/ ] g] pgs] lnP s'5 P] ;f xL jftfj/ 0f t} of/ s/ lbof x} . df] bL toz'bf sfo{qmd d] + cfP cf} / rn] uP . ax't s'5 pGxf] +g] sxf cf} / nf] uf] + g] cfTd;ft\ lsof . cfh eL g] kfn sL kq–klqsfcf] + d] + pg;] ;DalGwt cfn] v 5k / x] x} + . c;/ ca eL a/ s/ f/ x} . pGxf] +g] Sof lbof of lkm/ Sof n] uP, Og ;a ;] k/ ] pgs] Ps dZj/ ] g] s'5 nf] uf] + sf] sfkmL v'z lsof . dw] z baf / x] , dw] zL lk58Þ] / x] + cf} / pGx] + xd] zf gsf/ f hftf / x] , o] ;f] r lhgsL x} , pgs] lnP df] bL sf ox sxgf ls …kxf8ÞL s] lj?4 gf hfP+, pGx] + ;fy n] s/ rn] +Ú laNs'n nId0f a"6L ;flat xf] / xL x} . d[tk|fo ;f] r hf] sxL+ gf sxL+ pgs] x[bo d] + bldt yL, p;] dfgf] lkm/ ;] k'ghL{jg ldn uof xf] . k/ O; ;+be{ d] + Otgf xL sxf hf ;stf x} ls …hfsL / xL efjgf h} ;L====.Ú

cfk hf] ;'ggf rfxt] x} + cfksL a'l4

jxL

cy{ lgsfn n] tL x} . df] bL Ps / fhglos x} + cf} / Ps ljzfn b] z s] k|ltlglw eL . g] kfn e|d0f d] + cu/ pgsL h'jfg ;] ;a;] clws s'5 lgsnf tf] jx yf, a'4, ;+ljwfg cf} / ljsf; . a'4 cyf{t\ zf+lt, ;+ljwfg cyf{t\ l: y/ tf cf} / clwsf/ , ljsf; cyf{t\ g] kfn cf} / g] kfnL hgtf s] : jfledfg cf} / clwsf/ s] ;fy Ps ljsl;t / fi6« sL sNkgf . O;d] + sxL+ eL Ps ;fj{ef} d ;Qf s] lav/ g] cf} / cnu xf] g] sL aft gxL+ x} . pGxf] +g] sxf ls ;+ljwfg P] ;f xf] lh;sf k"0f{lj/ fd eL P] ;f g xf] hf] eljio d] + ljifj[If ag] , ;+ljwfg¿kL

u'nb: t] d] + b] z¿kL auLr] sf x/ km"n ;h] cf} / pgsf cl: tTj sfod xf] . Sof Og jfSof] + s] kL5] sf ;+b] z pGx] + gh/ gxL+ cf

/ xf hf] ox ;f] r s/ v'z xf] / x] x} + ls df] bL g] dw] z sf] gsf/

lbof x} . hf] JolSt z: q ;] zf: q s] lnP b] z sf] awfO{ b] / xf x} , jx cfksf] ox ;+b] z b] / xf x} ls eljio d] + eL cfk O;L / fx k/ rn] + Sof] +ls c;+t'i6tf xL lj/ f] w sf] hGd b] tL x} . cu/ b] z sL / fhgLlt g] dw] z sf] b/ lsgf/ lsof tf] c;+t'i6tf sf ljif j[If hGd n] uf cf} / lkm/ p;d] + hf] kmn] uf jx lgZro xL b] z lxt d] + gxL+ xf] uf . ldn s/ rngf seL Pst/ kmf gxL+ xf] tf x} , p;s] lnP ;fdg] jfn] s] sbd eL ;fy a9Þg] rflxP . cu/ df] bL g] b] z s] ;du| ljsf; sL aft sxL tf] Sof p;d] + dw] z gxL+ x} < cu/ …dw] zÚ zAb

…b] zÚ ;] cnu ;'ggf rfxt] x} +, tf] ox pgsL dfgl;stf x} hf] dw] z sf] b] z ;] cnu ;demt] x} + . ;r tf] ox x} ls hf] bldt x} +, zf] lift x} +, ljsf; sL cf] / lhgsL lgufx] + l6sL x} + pg ;asf] ;fy n] s/ rngf x} . cfh k|s[lt g] hf] bb{ l;Gw'kfnrf] s sf] lbof, t/ fO{ sf] lbof Sof pgs] bb{ sf] xd kxf8Þ cf} / t/ fO{ d] + afF6 s/ b] v] +u] < gxL+, pgsL kL8Þf sf] xd] + ;du| d] + dx;"; s/ gf xf] uf . O;lnP cu/ ;du| ljsf; sL aft xf] tL x} tf] jx lxdfn, kxf8Þ cf} / t/ fO{ s] ;Gbe{ d] + xf] tL x} k/ ckm;f] ; O; aft sf x} ls

8f= Zj] tf bLlKt

dw] z, df] bL cf} / dZj/ fcfj/0f

df] bL g] b] z s] ;du| ljsf; sL aft sxL tf] Sof p;d] + dw] z gxL+ x} < cu/ …dw] zÚ zAb …b] zÚ ;] cnu ;'ggf rfxt] x} +, tf] ox pgsL dfgl;stf x} hf] dw] z sf] b] z ;] cnu ;demt] x} + .


cfj/0f

dw] zL bnf] + d] + Pstf sf cf} lrTo

dw] zL bnf] + sL Pstf s] laifo d] + ca hgtf Hofbf pT;flxt gxL+ x} .

;+ljwfg ;ef lgjf{rg s] kl/ 0ffd s] tTsfn afb, dw] ;L bnf] + g] Pstf lsof xf] tf, tf] zfob hgtf sL efjgfcf] + sf] hLt ;st] y] , n] lsg ca xf] g] jfnL Pstf d] + dw] zL hgtf sf] sf] O{ cfsif{0f gh/ gxL cf / xf x} . dw] ;L bnf] + sL Pstf aL/ an sL lvr8ÞL h} ;L xf] g] s] sf/ 0f hgtf sL h'jfg k/ ;] Pstf sf : jfb, lbn ;] rfx cf} / k] 6 sL e"v ts/ Ljg d/ r'sL x} .

pk] Gb| ofbj hL g] tf] Pstf ;] ckgf kNnf emf8Þ xL lnof x} . pGx] + cj kmf] / d g] kfn, ;befjgf c} f/ tdnf] kf sL Pstf gO{ af] tn d] + k'/ fgL z/ fj sL t/ x gh/ cf / xL x} . O;lnP jf] af] tn c} f/ z/ fj bf] gf] +

gO{ agfgf rfxt] x} + . pGxf] +g] tdnf] kf cf} / ;befjgf, Og bf] bnf] + s] aLr s] jn Pstf xf] uL, h} ;L aft sx s/ ckgL ;f] r hflx/ s/ bL x} .

ca ;jfn ox p7tf x} ls Sof s] jn bf] bn tdnf] kf cf} / ;befjgf sL Pstf, dw] ;L hgtf sf] ;sf/ fTds ;Gb] z b] ;stL x} < Og bf] gf] + bnf] + sL Pstf dw] ;L hgtf sL efjgfcf] + sf] gxL 5" ;stL . Sof] +ls dw] z d] + ;a;] Hofbf hg;+Vof jfnL hflt ofbj, yf? cf} / d'l: nd, O; Pstf s] g] t[Tjstf{ gxL+ xf] +u] . dw] z d] lagf ofbj cf} } / yf? s] g] t[Tj d] + xf] g] jfnL Pstf sf, ;+VofTds c} / ;f+s] lts lx;fj ;] sf] O{ cf} lrTo gxL+ x} . dw] z s] a|fXd0f

Snj s] gfd ;] hfgL hfg] jfnL tdnf] kf cf} / k+rs'lgof sf u7hf] 8Þ rdTsf/ L gxL+ xf] ;stL . O;d] + eL ceL dw] z d] + ;L s] / fpt cf} / h] kL u'Ktf sL td/ f cleofg sfkmL nf] slk|o xf] / xL x} .

hj ts dw] zjfbL bnf] + s] g] tf aLt] x'P lbgf] + d] + x'O{ untL s] lnP hgtf ;] Ifdfofrgf gxL+ s/ ] +u] tj ts Pstf sf sf] O{ cf} lrTo gxL+ x} . vf;s/ ;bf ;Qf d] + lrksg] sL cfbt, ;tf cf} / zlQm s] lnP bnf] + sf] kmf] 8Þgf cf} / ;+ljwfg ;ef s] b";/ ] lgjf{rg d] + x'O{ xf/ s] afjh"b eL ckgL aLjL, un{ km] |G8 c} / ;DalGwof] + sf] ;ef;b jgfgf Og aftf] + ;] hgtf s] aLr OgsL kbnf] n'ktf sf ;+b] z xL hftf x} . s'5 ;dfg'kflts ;ef;b sL ;L6f] + sf] pGxf] +g] k} ;f n] s/ s'5 P] ;] kxf8ÞL sf] a] r lbof lhgsf] dw] z s] ;jfn ;] s'5 n] gf b] gf xL gxL+ x} . O;lnP dw] ;L bnf] + sf] cfTd;dLIff cf} / untL ;'wf/ t] x'P dw] zL hgtf ;] Ifdf ofrgf s/ gf h¿/ L x} .

dw] ;L bnf] + d] Pstf g xf] g] sf k|d'v sf/ 0f pk] Gb| ofbj cf} / n} grf} / sf lx;fa lstfa gxL+ ldngf x} . n} grf} / s] lnP pk] Gb| ofbj sf] krf kfgf h/ f d'lZsn

xdf/ ] k|ltlglw xL xdf/ ] ;fy ;f} t] nf Jojxf/ s/ t] x} + . ceL Ps ;df/ f] x d] + cy{d+qL dxt g] sxf ls ;do abn r'sf x} , ca g] kfn sf] 7uf gxL+ hf ;stf . hL xfF, ;do abn r'sf x} g] kfn sf] cu/ sf] O{ gxL+ 7u ;stf, tf] dw] z g] kfn sf xL c+u x} jx ckgf] + ;] s} ;] 7uf hfPuf < cfh ts lgolt oxL / xL ls p;] u} / gxL+, ckg] xL 5nt] cf / x] x} + lsGt' ca P] ;f gxL+ xf] ;stf . dw] z sL eL h'afg x} cf} / p;] eL cx;f; x} ls g] kfn s] ljsf; cf} / ;+j[l4 d] + p;sf Sof dxTj x} . dw] z b] z s] lnP jx / L9Þ sL x8\8L x} , hf] cu/ g xf] tf] ;Dk"0f{ b] z k+u' xf] hfPuf . O; ;To sf] lhtgL hNbL dfg lnof hfo ptgf cR5f xf] uf . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f cf} / ;+3Lotf sL ax; hf/ L x} . Ps s6' ;To x} ls dw] zL bn dha"tL s] ;fy ckgL aft / v kfg] sL l: ylt d] + gxL+ x} . lsGt' lhgk/ dw] zL hgtf g] ljZjf; lsof x} , cu/ jf] pgs] ;fy Gofo gxL+ s/ ] +u] tf] ljrng cf} / ljv08g sL

df/ b] z sf] rfx] –cgrfx] em] ngf k8Þ ;stf x} . dw] zjfbL bn, …dw] zÚ gxL+ x} , jf] l;km{ k|ltlglw x} + . pGxf] +g] ctLt d] + hf] unltofF sL hgtf g] p;sf cx;f; pGx] + s/ f lbof x} . O;lnP cfh hf] jxfF sf k|ltlglwTj s/ / x] x} +, pGx] + nfg] jfnL eL jxL dw] zL hgtf

x} , hf] cz{ ;] kmz{ ts lu/ fg] sf bdvd / vtL x} , ox pGx] + gxL+ e"ngf rflxP .

hxfF ts dw] zL bnf] + sf ;jfn x} , tf] pGx] + sf7dfG8" d] + a} 7s/ ;Dd] ng s/ g] ;] clws ckg] If] q d] + hfg] sL cfjZostf x} . hf] ljZjf; hgtf s] aLr p;g] vf] lbof x} p;] lkm/ ;] kfg] sL cfjZostf x} . O; ;+be{

d] + hok|sfz u'Ktf sL kf6L{ …td/ fÚ cjZo cfu] a9ÞtL x'O{ lbv / xL x} . ls;L s] ;fdg] u'xf/ nufg] ;] cR5f xf] uf ls cfk ckgf] + s] aLr hfPF, ckgL sx] + cf} / pgsL ;'g] + cf} / cfu] a9Þg] sL gLlt to s/ ] + . PsLs/ 0f cf} / Psh'6 xf] g] sL cfjZostf x} , O; ;To sf] hfg] + . cWoIf kb sL nf] n'ktf cf} / kl/ jf/ jfb s] df] x ;] afx/ lgsng] sL cfjZostf eL x} cf} / ;do sL df+u eL . o'jfzlSt sf] df} sf b] +, pGx] + cfu] a9ÞfPF, cfksf cg'ej cf} / pgsf hf] z cjZo Ps gof ;+b] z k|rfl/ t

s/ ] uf . ceL eL cu/ kb sL cf] / lgufx] + x} + tf] x> cf} / eL a'/ f xf] g] sL ;Defjgf ;] OGsf/ gxL+ lsof hf ;stf x} . ;do lg/ fz xf] g] sf gxL+, alNs

: jo+ d] + gO{ phf{ cf} / pDdLb s] ;fy sn sf] ckg] kIf d] + s/ g] sf x} . cfk dw] z s] ckg] x} +, cu/ cfkg] dw] zL hgtf sL pDdLbf] + cf} / cfjZostfcf] + sf] ;demg] sL sf] lzz sL tf] jx cfksf] lkm/ cj;/ b] uL cf} / O;s] lnP pgs] aLr cfksf] hfgf xf] uf .

;+ljwfg agfg] sf cj;/ af/ –af/

lbk]Gb| emf

ef/ t dw] z sf] dha"t b] vgf rfxtf x} O;lnP af/ –af/ Psh'6 xf] g] sL ;nfx b] / xf x} .

cfj/0f

gxL+ cftf, ;dofg's"n kl/ jt{g xf] t] / xt] x} + . hgo'4, hgcfGbf] ng, dw] z cfGbf] ng, hghflt, dlxnf, blnt, cNk;+Vos cflb s] lsP uP ;+3if{, Tofu cf} / alnbfg s] kZrft\ hf] cj;/ k|fKt x'cf x} cf} / lk5n] lgjf{rg d] + hgtf g] ax'dt s] b\jf/ f hf] bfloTj ;Qfwf/ L kIf sf] lbof x} pgd] + xL x7 cf} / lj/ f] w sL / fhgLlt lbvfO{ k8Þ / xL x} . kmn: j¿k ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f sf dfu{ cj?4 xf] tf gh/ cf xL / xf x} ;fy xL b\jG4 sL eL l: ylt agtL lbvfO{ k8Þ / xL x} . lh; …ClifdgÚ sL aft k/ ;+ljwfg;ef tflnof] + sL u8Þu8Þfx6 ;] u"Fh p7f yf jx …ClifdgÚ sxL+ lbvfO{ gxL+ b] / xf . b] z lkm/ ;] åGå sf lzsf/ gf xf] , O;s] lnP ;xdlt sL zt{ ;a;] clws dfog] / vtL x} . ;+ljwfg;ef s] lgjf{rg d] + hf] kf6L{ afx/ xf] uP x} +, pGx] + eL ;fy n] s/ rng] cf} / ;xdlt tyf ;xof] u sf jftfj/ 0f agfg] sL lhDd] bf/ L ;QfkIf sL x} Sof] +ls, cu/ sxL+ ;] lje] b sf jftfj/ 0f ag] uf tf] O;sL k"/ L lhDd] bf/ L ;QfkIf sL xf] uL . @)^$ ;fn kmfu'g !^ ut] hf] ;demf} tf lul/ hfk|;fb sf] O{/ fnf, k'iksdn bfxfn k|r08 cf} / dfwjs'df/

g] kfn s] ;dIf x'cf yf cu/ p;s] cg'¿k sfof{Gjog gxL+ x'cf, tf] hf] cfu e8Þs] uL p;] zf+t s/ gf d'lZsn xf] hfPuf O;lnP b] z sL gAh sf] ;demg] sL cfjZostf x} . df] bL g] sxf ls z: q gxL+ ox zf: q / rg] sL w/ tL x} , tf] O;s] eLt/ sf lglxt cy{ oxL x} ls ;+ljwfg¿kL zf: q sf] P] ;] / rf hfo ls z: q sf cl: tTj ;fdg] g cfP . df] bL g] dw] z s] cl: tTj sf] gxL+ gsf/ f x} , alNs af/ –af/ ck|ToIf ¿k ;] ox htfof x} ls, dw] z g] kfn sf dxTjk"0f{ c+u x} cf} / p;] zf] if0f gxL+ alNs cfg] jfn] ;+ljwfg d] + ;dfgtf sf clwsf/ rflxP . Ps / fhgLlt1, s"6gLlt1 ls;L b";/ ] b] z s] cf+tl/ s kIf k/ ckgL ;nfx b] ;stf x} , bjfa gxL+ cf} / O;sf cy{ ox sbflk gxL+ ls lh; kIf sf] jx ;nfx b] / xf x} p;] jx gsf/ / xf x} ,

alNs O;sf cy{ ox x} ls jx p;;] ox pDdLb s/ / xf x} ls, jx ckg] clwsf/ cf} / ljsf; sL aft O; t/ x / v] ls xjf sf ?v p;s] lj/ f] w d] + gxL+ alNs p;s] kIf d] + xf] hfo . dw] z cf} / ef/ t sf l/ Ztf Otgf c6"6 x} ls, p;] ls;L JofVof sL cfjZostf gxL+ x} . ef/ t dw] z sf] dha"t b] vgf rfxtf x} O;lnP af/ –af/ Psh'6 xf] g] sL ;nfx b] / xf x} . cu/ cfh jx ls;L eL k|sf/ s] ;xof] u sL aft s/ b] tf x} tf] lgliqmotf sL ;Defjgf clws anjtL xf] hfPuL . aRrf ha rngf ;Lvtf x} , tf] cleefjs p;sL pmFunL sf] 5f] 8Þ b] t] x} +, tfls jf] lu/ ] cf} / lkm/ p7 s/ rn] . cfh dw] z p;L l: ylt d] + x} , p;] rngf x} , lu/ gf x} , p7gf x} cf} / lkm/ bf} 8Þgf eL x} . cfh cleefjsTj sL sdL cjZo x} lsGt', lg/ fzf sL cj: yf laNs'n gxL+ x} . ;do kl/ jQ{gzLn x} , cfh h'afg ldnL x} , tf] sn xs eL ldn] uf O;lnP ls;L Ps dZj/ ] k/ zf] ifs ju{ cf} / tyfslyt / fi6«LotfjfbL sf] v'z xf] g] sL tf] laNs'n h¿/ t gxL+ x} , ckgL skf] n sNkgf ;] pa/ ] + cf} / xsLst ;] ¿–a–¿ xf] + .

x} cf} / pk] Gb|hL sf] ls;L cf} / sf] g] t[Tj b] g] k/ n} grf} / xfjL xf] g] sf vt/ f dx;"; xf] tf x} cf} / oxL jhx x} ls jf] dfgl;s ¿k ;] Pstf s] lnP t} of/ gxL+ x} + .

ljho s'df/ uR5] bf/ hL ceL eL Pstf of df] rf{ sf lgdf{0f s/ s] s} ;] ;/ sf/ d] + dGqL s] lnP aflu{GË s/ ;st] x} +, p;s] lx;fa lstfa s/ g] d] + Jo: t x} + . dw] ;L bn sL Pstf ;/ sf/ d] + hfg] s] lnP gxL alNs ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f s] lnP xf] gf rflxP . Sof] +ls cu/ P] ;f gxL+ xf] tf x} tf] k"j{ sL xL efFlt cu/ o] ;/ sf/ d] + hft] x} + tf] ;/ sf/ agfg] cf} / lu/ fg] s] v] n d] + xL ox Pstf l;d6 s/ / x hfPuL . dw] ;L bnf] + sL gLlt, : jfy{ cf} / kl/ jf/ jfb sL k|j[lQ ;] Pstf sf cf} lrTo xL ;dfKt xf] hftf x} . hgtf d] + o] ljZjf; k} bf s/ kfg] d] + xL c;dy{ gh/ cf / x] x} + .

O;lnP Pstf cfbz{ d+] cfwfl/ t, / fhgLlts ;+: sf/ sf cjnDag s/ g] s] lnP cf} / dw] ; cfGbf] ng s] DofG8] 6 s] laifof] + sf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f d] + zfldn s/ g] s] lnP xf] gL rflxP . vf; s/ s] O; ;+ljwfg ;ef ;] dw] z s] lxt d] + ;+ljwfg agg] sL sd ;Defjgf xf] g] sL cj: yf d] + ;8Þs d+] ckgL dha"tL a9fg] s] lnP Pstf h¿/ L x} . n] lsg jx Pstf ;Qf cf} / : jfy{ s]L kl/ lw ;] pk/ xf] gL rflxP .

;+3Lotf, zf;sLo : j¿k, gful/ stf cf} / ;dfj] zL s] laifo d+] ;dfg wf/ 0ff to s/ s] ;} 4flGts ;xdlt s/ g] s] afb xL Pstf dha"t xf] ;stL x} .

n} grf} / s] cfzL{jfb, ;Qf sf : jfb cf} / sfo{stf{ cfbfg k|bfg s/ g] s] lx;fa ;] x'O{ Pstf nDa] ;do ts gxL+ rn ;stL . cR5f x'cf Ogsf] df] bLhL g] ;kg] ;] huf lbof c} / jf: tljs w/ ftn d] + cfg] s] lnP cfO{g] d] + : jo+ sf] b] vg] sf] sxf . ;Gb] z lbof ls ckgL x} l;ot a9Þfcf] oxL clGtd df} sf x} . j/ gf xfy d] + s'5 gxL+ / x hfPuf . lbNnL sf] sf7df8f} + ;] 8Ln s/ gf x} dw] z ;] gxL+ . lbNnL ;] ckgL x} l;ot agfP / vgf rfxt] xf] tf] sf7df8f+} sL ;Qf s] nfos ckgL x} l;ot agfcf] . lbNnL s] cfzLjf{b ;] gxL ckgf cfGbf] ng v'b s/ f] . ckgL n8ÞfO{ v'b n8Þf] . oxL ;Gb] z yf df] bLhL sf . O;lnP 5f] 6] 5f] 6] sd/ ] s] cWoIf xf] g] ;] a[xt dw] ;L bn sf lgdf{0f s/ s] sfo{stf{ agg] s] lnP t} of/ xf] gf k8Þf . dw] ;L bnf] + d] sfo{stf{ cf} / g] tf s] aLr

d] + sf] O{ cGt/ gxL+ x} . sfo{stf{ Psaf/ g] tf, ;ef;b cf} / dGqL xf] g] sL ck] Iff s] ;fy bn d] + k|j] z s/ t] x} + cf} / jx ck] Iff k"/ f gxL+ xf] g] k/ b";/ ] bn -kf6L{_ sf lgdf{0f s/ t] x} } + . d+] hfs/ ufFj 3/ sL / fhgLlt s/ gf 5f] 8Þ b] t] x} + . / fhgLlt d] + w} o{ cf} / nDa] ;+3if{ sL rfxt / vgL h¿/ L xf] tL x} . lhgd] + o] bf] rLh] + gxL+ jf] dw] z sL / fhgLlt gf s/ ] + k} ;] sdfg] sL rfx x} tf] sf] O{ k] zf ckgfPF, Jofkf/ s/ ] + of lkm/ nfvf] + g] kfnL gful/ sf] + sL t/ x ljb] z knfog s/ hfPF .

nu / xf dw] z d] + sf] O{ goL / fhgLlts zlQm pe/ s/ cfPuL . ceL sL / fhgLlts bnf] ] + s] kxn] ju{ s] g] t[Tj cf} / pgs] lzIffno d] k9] Þ b";/ ] tas] s] g] tf eL cj dw] z s] lje] b lj?4 s] cfGbf] ng sf] cfu] n] hfg] d] gfsfd / x] + O;lnP cj dw] z s] tL;/ L kL9ÞL hf] lans'n lzlIft cf} / km] zj's h] g/ ] zg s] x} + jf] cfu] cfg] s] lnP t} of/ x} + . dw] z sL / fhgLlts l/ Sttf d] + goL zlQm sL cfjZostf x} hf] seL eL ls;L eL ¿k d] + cf ;stL x} . O;lnP cj Pstf sL / 6 aa"n s] k] 8Þ ;] cfd kmng] sL rfx sL t/ x x} . lh;;] cj s'5 ldng] jfnf gxL+ x} . cfd vfgf x} tf] gP k] 8Þ xL nufg] xf] +u] . k'/ fg] k] 8Þ, k'/ fgL vfn cf} / l;+rfO{ ;] lkmnxfn s'5 ldng] sL ;Defjgf lbvfO{ gxL+ b] / xL .


cfj/0f

k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL lh; k|sf/ ljb] z gLlt ljifos dfdnf] + k/ ckgL ks8Þ

agfP x'o] x} + cf} / sbd b/ sbd ;w] x'P / fhglos sL ef+lt cfu] a9Þ / x] x} + p;;] : ki6 xL nutf x} ls pgsL 6Ld ljb] z gLlt k/ Jofks xf] djs{ s/ r'sL x} . g/ ] Gb| df] bL s] zky u|x0f d] + ljb] zL cltlyof] + ;] n] s/ e'6fg rLg cf} / g] kfn ts s] j} b] lzs lg0f{of] + ;] cf/ P;P; sL j] bf] + ;] nL uO{ hDa" åLk cjwf/ 0ff sL ;'u+w eL ;'jfl;t xf] tL k|tLt xf] / xL x} . g] kfn xf] e'6fg xf] of sf+wf/ oflg ckmuflg: tfg sf] n] s/ lg0ff{os e"ldsf d] + cf hfg] +

sL cfsf+Iff e/ L pgsL k|f/ lDes ultljlwofF xf] +, olb pgd] + ;] hDa" åLk sG;] K6 sL ;'u+w cftL x} tf] O;d] + ljlrq of cgf] vf s'5 eL gxL+ Sof] +ls Ps : jo+;] js cf} / k|rf/ s ;] oxL ck] lIft yf . cf} / lkm/ g] kfn s] jn xdf/ f k8Þf] ;L xL gxL+ alNs ef/ tLo cfbzf{] +, dfGotfcf] +, ;+: s[lt, vfg–kfg, / xg–;xg, kxgfjf, j|t, pT;j cflb sL b[li6 ;] eL cg's"n cf} / lxnf ldnf ;f nutf x} . g] kfn ef/ t s] lnP ;fdl/ s b[li6 ;] eL clt dxTjk"0f{ x} cf} / rLg lg/ +t/ g] kfn ;] lu4 b[li6 u8ÞfP x'P x} . ef/ t Pj+ g] kfn s] ;fy ;fy Ps bL3{sfnLg ljb] z gLlt l8hfOg s/ s] p; cg'¿k gLltut lg0f{o s/ t] rng] sL cfjZostf bL3{ sfn ;] ck] lIft yL . lk5n] jiff{] + d] + ef/ t d] + rnL lg/ +t/ cNkhLjL of cNkdt ;/ sf/ f] + åf/ f O; ljifo d] + sf] O{

;sf/ fTds kxn gxL+

sL hf ;sL yL lsGt' cfh kl/ l: yltofF

cg's"n x} + . cf/ P;P;

åf/ f O; b] z sL ljb] z gLlt d] +

g] kfn s] dxTj sf] cfh sn ;] gxL+ alNs bzsf] + k"j{ ;] cfslnt lsof hftf / xf x} . O;L qmd d] + !(^# d] + >L u'?hL g] kfn s] tTsfnLg dxf/ fhflw/ fh >L dx] Gb|jL/ ljqmdzfx ;] ldng] uo] y] . O; ofqf d] + u'? uf] njns/ hL k|wfgd+qL 8f= t'n;L lul/ ;] eL ldn] y] . dxflzj/ flq s] cj;/ k/ x'O{ dfwj ;bflzj uf] njns/ hL sL O; g] kfn ofqf d] + pGxf] +g] kz'kltgfy d+lb/ d] + lzjhL s] bz{g eL lso] y] . ljZj s] Ps dfq 3f] lift lxGb" / fi6« xf] g] s] gft] >L u'¿hL rfxt] y] ls g] kfn sf / fhj+z, ;/ sf/ cf} / ;fdfGo

ljZju'? sL cf] / gdf] cf} / u'? uf] njns/ sL g] kfn ofqf

u'¿hL sL j} lZjs b[li6 xdf/ ]

j] bf] + cf} / k'/ f0ff] + d] + JoQm hDa"

åLk sG;] K6 s] tf/ tDo d] + xL / xtL yL hf] ls cfh eL

k|f;+lus x} . O; hDa" e"uf] n

s] c+tu{t cfg] jfn] If] qf] + sL

;f+: s[lts, / fhg} lts, wfld{s

cf} / ef} uf] lns l: yltof+ olb p;

;do ;dfg yL sd ;] sd

ef] uf} lns tYo cf} / kl/ l: yltofF

cf} / cfjZostfP+ tf] xd] + cfh

eL Ps w'/ L k/ xL v8Þf s/ tL

x} + . cfh eL O; hDa" åLk sL

cy{Joj: yf ;Dk"0f{ ljZj sL afsL

cy{Joj: yf sf] k|efljt xL gxL+

j/ g lgo+lqt s/ g] sL Ifdtf

/ vtL x} cf} / oxL jx tYo

x} hf] hDa" åLk sL cjwf/ 0ff

sf] cfh eL k'ghL{ljt s/ g] s]

sf/ 0f pTkGg s/ tf x} .k|jL0f u'u/fgL

cfj/0f

hgtf / fi6«Lo : jo+ ;] js ;+3 s] sfof{] + cf} / cjwf/ 0ffcf] +– ljrf/ cflb sf] ;dem] + . j] p; ;do ox eL rfxt] y] ls g] kfn d] + ljZj lxGb" kl/ ifb\ sL sfof{] + cf} / ;+u7g sf lj: tf/ xf] . p; ;do k/ g] kfn s] / fhf, k|wfgdGqL ;] cnu–cnu cf} / a8Þ] a8Þ] bf} / sL rrf{cf] + d] + g] kfn g] ;f} xfb{k"0f{ jftfj/ 0f d] + u'¿hL s] ljifo, ck] Iffcf] + cf} / rrf{cf] + sf] ;x[botf k"j{s ;'gf cf} / ;demf yf . ta g] kfn s] dxf/ fhflw/ fh cf} / k|wfgdGqL bf] gf] + g] xL u'? uf] njns/ hL ;] k|efljt xf] s/ pgs] ;dIf ox aft / fvL yL ls j] cltzL3| ef/ t cfs/ ;+3 sfo{ sf] lj: tf/ cf} / ;dLk ;] b] vgf cWoog s/ gf rfxt] x} + . ckg] O; lj: t[t g] kfn k|jf; d] + u'? uf] njns/ hL sf] ox cfef; xf] uof yf ls g] kfn sL efjgfP+ ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL k+= g] x? ts Jojl: yt ¿k ;] kx'Fr gxL+ kftL x} . ox ;+of] u yf of of] hgf ox u'¿hL xL hfg] lsGt' ox Ps P] ltxfl;s tYo x} ls u'? uf] njns/ hL g] kfn ;] nf} 6g] s] kZrft ef/ t s] u[xd+qL nfnaxfb'/ zf: qL ;] e] +6 sL yL cf} / lkm/ zf: qL hL g] ckg] g] kfn k|jf; d] + >L u'¿hL s] g] kfn s] cg'ejf] + j rrf{cf] + s] cfwf/ k/ g] kfn zf;g s] ;fy x'O{ pgsL rrf{cf] + sf] Jojl: yt cfsf/ cf} / lbzf bL yL . zf: qL hL sL O; g] kfn ofqf d] + lso] uP ;demf} tf] +, jftf{cf] + lg0f{of] + cf} / k|: tfjf] + d] + u'? uf] njns/ sL 5fk : ki6 b] vL uO{ yL .

u'¿hL sL j} lZjs b[li6 xdf/ ] j] bf] + cf} / k'/ f0ff] + d] + JoQm hDa" åLk sG;] K6 s] tf/ tDo d] + xL / xtL yL hf] ls cfh eL k|f;+lus x} . O; hDa" e"uf] n s] c+tu{t cfg] jfn] If] qf] + sL ;f+: s[lts, / fhg} lts, wfld{s cf} / ef} uf] lns l: yltof+ olb p; ;do ;dfg yL sd ;] sd ef] uf} lns tYo cf} / kl/ l: yltofF cf} / cfjZostfP+ tf] xd] + cfh eL Ps w'/ L k/ xL v8Þf s/ tL x} + . cfh eL O; hDa" åLk sL cy{Joj: yf ;Dk"0f{ ljZj sL afsL cy{Joj: yf sf] k|efljt xL gxL+ j/ g lgo+lqt s/ g] sL Ifdtf / vtL x} cf} / oxL jx tYo x} hf] hDa" åLk sL cjwf/ 0ff sf] cfh eL k'ghL{ljt s/ g] s] sf/ 0f pTkGg s/ tf x} . lji0f' k'/ f0f d] + lbP uP ljj/ 0ff] + s] cg';f/ w/ tL s] ;ft åLkf] + d] + ;] Ps hDa" åLk yf lh;] cfh o"/ ] lzof eL sxf hftf x} . hDa" åLk s] cnfjf hf] 5M åLk y] j] KnIf, zfNdnL, s'z, qmf] +r, zfs Pj+ k'is/ sxnft] y] . p; ;do s] hDa" åLk d] +

cfh s] ld: q, ;pmbL c/ a, O{/ fg, O{/ fs, Oh/ fOn, shfls: tfg, ¿;, d+uf] lnof, rLg, adf{, O+8f] g] lzof, dn] lzof, hfjf, ;'dfqf, lxGb': tfg, af+Unfb] z, g] kfn, e'6fg, kfls: tfg cf} / ckmuflg: tfg b] z ;lDdlnt y] . O; hDa" åLk lh;sf zf;g cf} / w'/ L s] Gb| ef/ tjif{ x'cf s/ tf yf cf} / ljZju'? sxnftf yf p;d] + cfh s] lxGb': tfg, g] kfn, ltAat, e'6fg, Dof+df/ , >Ln+sf, dfnåLk, yfO{n} +8, dn] lzof, O+8f] g] lzof, sDaf] l8of, ljo] tgfd, nfcf] ; h} ;] b] zf] + sf ;dfj] z x'cf s/ tf yf . cfh ;+ejtM ef/ t s] k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL s] dfg; d] + j} lZjs / fhgLlt sf]

O; hDa'låkLo / fhg} lts cjwf/ 0ff sL cf] / ;dGjosf/ L gLltof] + s] dfWod ;] Ps lbzf cf} / Ps no s/ g] sL x} tf] ox ;do hGo tTj xL x} . olb ef/ t sf] ljZju'? s] p;s] k'/ ftg clwi7fg k/ : yflkt s/ gf x} tf] O; k|sf/ s] o'uLg tYof] + sf] cfh zg} M zg} M k|of] u d] + nfgf xL xf] uf .

cfh s] kl/ k|] Io d] + ox : ki6 xL b] vf hf ;stf x} ls g] kfn d] + dfcf] jflbof] + j jfdk+lyof] + s] a9Þt] k|efj s] sf/ 0f lk5n] jiff{] + d] + oxf+ ef/ t lj/ f] wL jftfj/ 0f ;3g xf] tf hf / xf yf . dfcf] jflbof] + g] ljleGg k|sf/ ;] lk5n] bzsf] + d] + g] kfn s] ljleGg ;+s6f] + cf} / sl7gfOof] + s] lnP ef/ t sf] xL lhDd] bf/ 7x/ fof cf} / ef/ t s] ;fy ;Da+wf] d] + lg/ +t/ lv+rfj sL l: ylt agtL uO{ yL . g] kfn j ef/ t d] + ;f+: s[lts ;dfgtfcf] + s] kZrft\ eL hf] k/ : k/

b"l/ ofF agL cf} / a9ÞL p;sf d"n sf/ 0f dfcf] jfb cf} / rLgL b'ik|rf/ xL x} . !(^@ s] o'4 s] kZrft\ xL rLg g] ef/ t s] o'4 df] r{] + k/ g] kfn s] ;fdl/ s dxTj sf cfsng s/ lnof yf . O; s] afb p;g] ;tt P] ;L sfo{jflxof+ sL cf} / lg0f{o lnP ls g] kfn d] + ef/ t lj/ f] wL jftfj/ 0f agtf uof . p;g] b'ik|rf/ lsof ls ef/ t g] kfn sf zf] if0f s/ / xf x} cf} / g] kfn sL lgw{gtf sf sf/ 0f ef/ t xL x} . !(&# s] u'6lg/ k] If ;Dd] ng d] + g] kfn g] : jo+ sf] zflGt If] q 3f] lift s/ g] sL df+u s/ gf k|f/ De lsof lh;s] d"n d] + rLg sf ef/ t lj/ f] w xL yf . O;s] kZrft\ !(** d] +

g] kfn g] a8Þ] k} dfg] + k/ rLg ;] xlyof/ eL v/ Lb] hf] ls ef/ t s] ;fy x'O{ ;+lw sf pNn+3g yf, lh;s] cg';f/ ef/ t sL ;xdlt s] lagf jx xlyof/ gxL+ v/ Lb ;stf x} . g] kfn åf/ f rLg ;] ef/ t sL ;xdlt s] lagf xlyof/ qmo s/ g] sf ox lg0f{o ef/ t g] kfn ;Da+wf] + sf sl7gtd bf} / k|f/ De s/ g] jfnf sf/ s yf . cfh hals g/ ] Gb| df] bL g] 3g3f] / ;sf/ fTds jftfj/ 0f lgld{t s/ t] x'P g] kfn ofqf sL cf} / g] kfn s] / fhj+z s] ;fy, nf] st+q cf} / c+ltd 5f] / s] g] kfnL gful/ s s] ;fy lh; k|sf/ ;Lwf ;+jfb agfg] sf ct'ngLo k|oTg lsof x} , jx lglZrt ef/ t–g] kfn ;Da+wf] + sf] Ps gO{ lbzf, ult, no cf} / k/ : k/ k|lta4tf k|bfg s/ ] uf . ca ef/ t jif{ sL zf: qf] Qm cjwf/ 0ff cf} / ljZju'? ef/ t sL cjwf/ 0ff k'g: yf{lkt xf] uL ox ljZjf; lsof hfgf rflxP .


l/kf]6{

;f9Þ] tLg jif{ s] pd+u sf] Sof ktf ls p;sL dfF cfh ;'ax ;] Sof] + / f] / xL

x} < 3/ d] + ;a r'krfk, x/ t/ km cfF;" . ha zfd x'O{ tf] ;eL nf] u lqe'jg cGt/ f{i6«Lo ljdfg: yn sL cf] / rn lbo] . pd+u tf] v'z yf Sof] +ls cfh zfd p;] 3"dg] sf df} sf ldnf . s/ La cf7 ah] km\nfO{ b'aO{ Po/ nfOG; sf ljdfg cjt/ 0f lsof . cf} / yf] 8ÞL xL b] / d] + Ps aS;f ydf lbof uof pd+u s] kl/ jf/ jfnf] + sf] . cf} / p; aS;] d] + yf lg/ ] z sf zj .

lg/ ] z s/ La ;f9Þ] bf] dxLg] kxn] xL b'aO{ uof yf . g] kfn s] dWo klZrdL lhnf alb{of sf / xg] jfnf lg/ ] z lk5n] ;f9Þ] tLg jif{ ;] / fhwfgL sf7df+8" d] + xL sfd s/ tf yf . k] z] ;] kmf] 6f] kqsf/ n] lsg sdfO{ cR5L gxL+ xf] g] s] sf/ 0f jx sf7df+8" l: yt Ps d} g kfj/ Ph] G;L s] dfkm{t b'aO{ rnf uof . ;fjg @) ut] b'aO{ l: yt ckg]

sfo{: yn d] + p;sL df} t xf] uO{ x} . 36gf sf ;To tYo tf] ceL cfgf afsL x} n] lsg sxf uof x} ls sfo{: yn d] + s/ ] G6 nus/ p;sL df} t xf] uO{ .

kl/ jf/ jfnf] + sL sfkmL dzSst s] afb p;sf zj sf7df+8" nfof uof . lg/ ] z s] kl/ jf/ jfn] zfob efUozfnL y] O;lnP pgnf] uf] + sf] sd ;] sd zj tf] ldn uof . n] lsg j} b] lzs / f] huf/ d] + uo] lstg] nf] uf] sf zj eL g] kfn gxL+ cftf cf} / 3/ jfn] p;sf k/ Dk/ fut 9Þ+u ;] ;+: sf/ eL gxL+ s/ kft] . ufFj3/ ;] clwsf+z o'jf shf{ n] s/ ljb] z hft] x} + tf] P] ;] d] + sxfF ;] nf kfPFu] pgs] kl/ jf/ jfn] pgsf zj . lqe'jg cGt/ f{i6«Lo ljdfg: yn cWofudg ljefu s] tYoFfs s] cg';f/ eljio s] lnP ;'Gb/ ;kgf ;+hf] +s/ g] kfn ;] b} lgs cf} ;tg ;f9Þ] ;qx ;f} o'jf ljb] z hf / x] x} + . cf} / k|ltlbg ;ft zj g] kfn cf / xf x} . o] nf] u jf] xf] t] x} + lhgsL sfo{: yn d] + xL ls;L sf/ 0fjz d[To' xf] hftL x} . n] lsg lkm/ eL ljb] z hfg] jfnf] + sL ;+Vof lbg a lbg a9ÞtL xL hf / xL x} .

;'g;/ L s] dgf] h rf} w/ L eL cfhsn ax't Jo: t x} . jx ;pbL c/ a hfg] sL t} of/ L d] + x} . kf;kf] 6{ ag uof x} , lh;] jx sf7df+8" l: yt Ps d} g kfj/ sDkgL sf] b] / vf x} . k9ÞfO{ sL aft sL hfo tf] p;g]

: gfts pQL0f{ s/ lnof x} . lk5n] rf/ kfFr ;fn ;] gf} s/ L s] lno] ax't k|of; eL lsof . kxn] tf] ;/ sf/ L gf} s/ L s] lnP n] lsg pk/ sf] O{ g xf] g] s] sf/ 0f p;sf] gf} s/ L gxL+ ldnL . dgf] h sxtf x} – xd nf] uf] + sf] gf} s/ L sxfF ;] ldn] uL, cfhsn tf] Ps rk/ f;L s] lnP dGqL sf ;f] ;{ rflxP cf} / cu/ ;f] ;{ gxL+ tf] 3"; rflxP . ;/ sf/ L gf} s/ L gxL ldng] s] afb : yfgLo k|fOj] 6 : s"n d] + sfd lsof n] lsg p;d] + OtgL tGVjfx gxL+ ldntL ls kl/ jf/ rn ;s] . g tf] p;s] kf; OtgL v] tL x} lh;d] + sfd s/ jx ckgf 3/ rnf ;s] . cGttM p;g] lgZro lsof ls ca O; b] z d] + gxL+ / xgf x} . p;] sf] O{ k/ jfx gxL+ ls ;pbL c/ a d] + jx sf} g ;L gf} s/ L s/ ] uf, sfd sf] O{ eL xf] n] lsg k} ;f xf] gf rflxP . d} gkfj/ sDkgL sf] eL p;g] oxL sx / vf x} .

dgf] h h} ;] ceL nfvf] + g] kfnL o'jf ljb] z hfg] s] rSs/ d] + x} . cu: t !@ tf/ Lv sf] ha g] kfn h} ;] ;f/ f ljZj cGt/ f{i6«Lo o'jf lbj; dgf / xf yf tf] O; b] z s] o'jf k'ln; sL nf7L vf / x] y] . blIf0f sf] l/ of d] + / f] huf/ s] lnP efiff k/ LIff b] gL k8tL x} cf} / p;L k/ LIff sf kmfd{ e/ g] s] lnP hux hux k/ s] Gb| vf] nf uof yf . j} ;] tf] kmfd{ e/ g] sf 8] 6 !@ tf/ Lv ;] yf n] lsg xhf/ f] + o'jf !! tf/ Lv sL zfd ;] xL nfOg

æ8lDkª ;fO6Æ agtf g] kfnL ;dfh

s~rgf emf

/ ] ld6] G; ;dfwfg gxL+

l/kf]6{

d] + v8Þ] y] . sLlt{k'/ s] Nofa : s"n d] + eL kmfd{ e/ g] sf s] Gb| yf lh;sL nfOg s/ La Ps lsnf] dL6/ nDaL yL . ;as] ;a o'jf Pj+ o'jtL @! ;] #) jif{ s] aLr . oxL xfn nlntk'/ l: yt Rof;n kmfd{ ;+sng s] Gb| sf eL . afl/ z xf] / xL yL cf} / xhf/ f] + o'jf o'jtL nfOg d] + v8Þ] y] . ha o'jf xNnf s/ g] nu] ls yf] 8f ;f Jojl: yt s/ gf rflxP tf] pGx] k'ln; s] 8G8] ldn] . sO{ o'jf o'jtL 3fon xf] uoL . rf/ lbg d] + s/ La s/ La ;f7 xhf/ o'jf o'jtL g] blIf0f sf] l/ ofO{ efiff k/ LIff sf kmfd{ e/ f x} . ceL hf] kmfd{ lnof uof x} p;sL k/ LIff ;] K6] Da/ @^ cf} / @& tf/ Lv sf] xf] uL cf} / p;sf l/ hN6 cS6f] a/ !% tf/ Lv sf] xf] uL . efiff k/ LIff d] + kf; xf] hfg] s] afb jx sf] l/ of hfg] s] lnP ;Ifd xf] hfo] uf . p;s] afb blIf0f sf] l/ of ;] cfo] df+u s] cg';f/ Og nf] uf+] sf] e] hf hfo] uL . h'nfO{ #!, @))& d] + g] kfn cf} / blIf0f sf] l/ of ;/ sf/ s] aLr >lds e] hg] sf ;demf} tf x'cf yf cf} / p;s] afb ceL ts @@ xhf/ g] kfnL o'jf blIf0f sf] l/ of hf r's] x} + . O;af/ blIf0f sf] l/ of ;/ sf/ g] >lds sf sf] 6f lk5n] jif{ sL ck] Iff a9fs/ kfFr xhf/ ;ft ;f} lsof x} cf} / Go"gtd kfl/ >lds eL a9fof x} . >lds sf] 6f d] + rf/ ;fn kxn] blIf0f sf] l/ of uo] lbAo/ fh s6\6] n sxt] x+} –g] kfn d] + lhGbuL e/ sdftf / xtf lkm/ eL bf] zfd vfgf ;] pk/ gxL+ p7 ;stf n] lsg cfh d] / ] kf; ax't s'5 x} . jx k|To] ] s dxLgf s/ La Ps nfv ¿kof tf] 3/ e] h / xf x} . s6\6] n sL kTgL ckg] klt s] d] xgt ;] cfo] x'P k} ;] sf pkof] u s/ / xL x} . aRrf] + sL k9fO{ cR5] : s"n d] + s/ jf / xL x} , s'5 k} ;] ;] p;g] hdLg v/ LbL cf} / 3/ eL agf lnof . ca p;g] 5f] 6f df] 6f Jofkf/

pRr lzIff xfl;n s/ g] s] lnP d} + ljut rf/ ;fnf] + ;] cd] l/ sf d] + x"F . ckg] hGde"ld ;] b"/ / xgf sfkmL d'lZsn x} , oxfF vfgf b] g] s] lnP dfF gxL+ / xtL of / f: tf lbvfg] s] lnP lktfhL gxL+ / xt] . nf] uf] + sf] ax't d] xgt s/ gL k8ÞtL x} . ljb] z d] + lzIff of lzk k|fKt s/

ckg] b] z s] ljsf; d] + nugf lgM;Gb] x cR5L aft x} n] lsg oxfFF / x hfg] ;] d'Ns sf] g's;fg xf] tf x} . g] kfn d] + bf] k|d'v ;d: ofPF x} +, Ps tf] cj;/ sL sdL cf} / b";/ f cj;/ sf kxrfg g xf] gf . lh;s] lnP hgtf cf} / ;/ sf/ bf] gf] lhDd] jf/ x} + . g] kfn

sf] o'jf wf/ 0ff cf} / zlSt sL cfjZostf x} . lh;s] lnP hgr] tgf cfjZos x} . b] z sL cfjZostf cg';f/ lzIff xf] gL rflxP . : s"nL lzIff s] ;fy–;fy Jofj;flos lzIff b] gL rflxP tfls nf] u ckg] 3/ d] + / x s/ 5f] 6f df] 6f pBf] u Joj;fo s/ ;s] , pgd] + pBdzLntf cfo] cf} / ckgf u'hf/ s/ ;s] . cleofg z'? xf] ls nf] u : jb] zL ;fdfg xL pkof] u s/ ] + tf] knfog sf] s'5 xb ts / f] sf hf ;stf x} .

lglstf b] jsf] 6f, sf7df+8" -xfn jflz+u6g,cd] l/ sf_ : gfts ts sL k9ÞfO{ cf} / p;s] s] afb

sDKo'6/ sL tfnLd n] s/ g] kfn d] + s/ La b; jiff] {+ ts sfd lsof n] lsg xd] zf bf] zfd k] 6 e/ g] sL lrGtf agL / xtL yL . lkm/ d} + sf] l/ of cf uof cf} / kfFr ;fnf] + ;] oxfF / x

/ xf x"F . s[lif ;DaGwL sfd s/ / xf x"F cf} / Og kfFr ;fnf] + g] d'em] ax't s'5 lbof . k} ;f cf} / :sLn bf] gf] + . bf] rf/

jif{ cf} / oxfF sfd s?+uf lkm/ d} + g] kfn jfk; rnf hfpmFuf . oxfF cfh{g lsof lzk g] kfn d] + hfs/ pkof] u s/ g] sL of] hgf x} . ha ts o'jfcf] + sf] : jb] z d] + xL / f] huf/ L sf cR5f cj;/ gxL+ ldn] uf ta ts knfog xf] tf / x] uf .

lbAo/ fh s6\6] n -xfn a';fg, blIf0f sf] l/ of_

kfFr jif{ ;] d] nag{ d] + / x / xL x"F . klt dN6Lg] zgn sDkgL d] + sfd s/ t] x} + . sdfO{ eL cR5L xf] hftL x} . ha oxfF cfoL yL tf] cR5f nutf yf n] lsg ca lrGtf xf] / xL x} . aRrf a8Þf xf] ] tf hf / xf x} cf} / p;d] + jf] ;+: sf/ gxL+ hf] arkg d] + xd nf] uf] + d] + yf . oxfF s] nf] uf] + sf t/ Lsf cnu x} cf} / xdf/ f aRrf] + sf kfng kf] if0f s/ g] sf t/ Lsf cnu . cfk aLdf/ xf] hfOo] k"5g] jfnf sf] O{ gxL+ . ;a s] ;a JolStjfbL x} + cf} / oxL rLh d'em] cR5L gxL+ nutL . ;f] rtL x"F ls jfk; cf hfpmF n] lsg : jb] z d] + cj;/ ax't sd x} + cf} / cj;/ ;[hgf s/ g] s] lnP ;/ sf/ sL sf] O{ ;f] r eL gxL+ . l: ylt lbg a lbg abt/ xf] t] hf / xL x+} . ca tf] s'5 lbg s] afb P] ;f xf] uf ls g] kfn d] + l;km{ aRr] cf} / a'h'u{ nf] u / x] +u] , o'jf o'jtL ;a afx/ . b] z sL kxrfg xL abn / xL x} . kxn] g] kfnL efOof] + sf] axfb'/ cf} / sfG5f sxs] a'nfof hftf yf cf} / ca æs06«L ckm n] a;{Æ .

;f] gL 7fs'/ , ;Kt/ L -xfn d] nag{, cfi6«] lnof _


z'? s/ lbof x} . s6\6] n sf sxgf x} – s'5 lbg cf} / oxfF sdf n] tf x"F lkm/ cf/ fd ;] g] kfn d] + / xF"uf .

o] tf] x'O{ blIf0f sf] l/ of sL l: ylt cd] l/ sf sL aft s/ ] + tf] l: ylt cf} / eL eofjx x} . cd] l/ sf k|To] s jif{ ljb] zL gful/ sf] + s] lnP 8fOel;{6L eL;f -l8eL_ lgsfntf x} . ox Ps ls: d sL nf} 6/ L x} , lh;sf] k8Þ hfo] jx cd] l/ sf hf ;stf x} cd] l/ sf ;/ sf/ p;sf] jxfF s] gful/ s sL x} l;ot b] tf x} . ha l8eL e/ g] sf df} ;d cftf x} tf] k"/ ] g] kfn d] + xL kj{ sf dfxf} n ag hftf x} . x/ o'jf b";/ ] sf] oxL k"5tf x} ls–t'dg] l8eL e/ lnof < cf} / tf] cf} / g] kfn ;/ sf/ s] pRr kbflwsf/ L oxfF ts ls ;fF;b ;a eL o] kmfd{ e/ t] x} cf} / n6/ L ldn uO{ tf] g] kfn sf] b'nQL df/ s/ rn] hft] x} .

cR5] / f] huf/ sL tnfz d] + g] kfnL nf] u s/ La bf] ;f} ;fn ;] j} b] lzs / f] huf/ d] + hfg] nu] x} + . pGgL;jL+ ztfAbL d] + l;v / fhf / l~ht l;+x s] zf;g sfn s] bf} / fg g] kfnL nf] uf] + g] nfxf} / hfgf z'? lsof . p; ;do nfxf} / ef/ t d] + yf cf} / nfxf} / hfg] s] sf/ 0f xL g] kfn ;] ljb] z hfg] jfnf] + sf] nfx'/ ] sxgf z'? s/ lbof uof . ceL eL ljb] z d] + / xg] jfn] sf] nfx'/ ] xL sxf hftf x} . n] lsg ceL kl/ l: ylt kms{ x} .

vf;s/ ;g\ !(() d] + k|hftGq sL k'gj{xfnL s] kZrft ax't a8L ;+Vof d] + g] kfnL o'jf ljb] z hfg] nu] x} . ef/ t d] + lstg]

g] kfnL o'jf x} + p;sf n] vfhf] vf ;/ sf/ s] kf; gxL+ x} . n] lsg stf/ , dn] l;of, ;fpbL c/ a, ;+o'St c/ a Old/ ft, s'j} t cf} / blIf0f sf] l/ of sL aft sL hfo tf] g] kflnof] + sL ;+Vof pNn] Vo x} . Og / fi6«f] + d] #) nfv ;] pmk/ g] kfnL o'jf sfo{/ t x} + . o] ;+Vof j} wflgs t/ Lsf ;] ljb] z uo] nf] uf] + sL x} . +lqe'jg cGt/ f{li6«o ljdfg: yn s] dfu{ ;] k|To] s lbg cf} ;tg !& ;f} $* o'jf j} b] lzs / f] huf/ d] + hf / x] x} + . s'5 o'jf cj} wflgs ¿k ;] ef/ t of a+unfb] z s] / f: t] eL ljb] z hf / x] x} + n] lsg pgsf sf] O{ tYofFs ;/ sf/ s] kf; gxL+ x} . cg'dfg lsof hftf x} ls cj} w 9+u ;] a} b] lzs / f] huf/ d] + uo] g] kfnL o'jsf] +

sL ;+Vof eL nueu tL: f nfv s] cf;kf; xL x} .

Og / fi6«f] + d] + sfd s/ / x] ;eL sL xfnt Ps h} ;L gxL+ x} . vf;s/ ;fpbL c/ a, dn] lzof, stf/ d] + sfd s/ / x] g] kfnL o'jfcf] + sf] ax't ;d: of em] ngf k8Þ / xf x} . Og / fi6«f] d] + g] kfnL sfdbf/ sf] tLg ls: d s] sfd ldnt] x} . pg sfdf] + sf] y|L 8L cyf{t 86L{-uGbf_,8] l/ ª-;fxfl;s_ cf} / l8lkmsN6-sl7g_ sxf hf ;stf x} . cf} / ox : jfefljs eL x} Sof] + sL hf] sfd s] lnP j] hft] + x}

p;d] + jx l: sN8-;Ifd_ gxL+ xf] tf] , gf tf] p; ljifo sf cWoog / xtf x}

pg nf] uf] + s] kf; gf tf] sf] O{ tfnLd . O;lnP cf} / b] z s] sfdbf/ sL t'ngf d] + g] kfnL sf] sd j] tg lbof hftf x} cf} / l: sN8 g xf] g] s] sf/ 0f vt/ f eL a9Þ hftf x} .

stf/ d] + / x / x] g] kfnL dhb"/ s] ;+aGw d] + O+Un} 08 ;] k|sflzt xf] g] jfnL klqsf uflh{og g] ckg] km/ a/ L c+s d] + lnvf x} – stf/ , ;g @)@@ d] + stf/ ljZjsk km'6af‘n cfof] hgf sL t} of/ L d] + nuf x'cf x} . : 6] l8od s] ;fy–;fy ax't ;] lgdf{0f sfo{ jxfF rn / xf x} lh;d] + clwsf+z g] kfnL dhb"/ sfo{/ t x} . hxfF ceL ts rf/ ;f} g] kfnL dhb"/ sL df} t xf] r'sL x} . bf] gf] b] z sL ;/ sf/ cf} / ;+alGwt ;+u7g ;a O;k/ u+eL/ gxL+ x'P tf] ;g @)@@ ts jxfF s/ La rf/ xhf/ g] kfnL dhb"/ sL df} t xf] r'sL xf] uL . uflh{og lnvtf x} g] kfnL dhb"/ f] + sf] cdfgjLo jftfj/ 0f d] + sfd s/ gf k8 / xf x} cf} / pGx]

: gfTfs pQL0f{ s/ g] s] afb s'5 lbg ;/ sf/ L gf} s/ L s] lnP k|of; lsof n] lsg ;+ej gxL+ xf] kfof . ;Dej eL s} ;] xf] tf, g tf] d] / ] kf; 3"; b] g] s] lnP kof{Kt k} ;] y] g tf] ;f] ;{ nufg] s] lnP hfg kxrfg . lkm/ d} g] bfr'{nf l: yt Ps cf6{ ;] G6/ d] + sfd lsof, 3/ sL l: ylt cR5L gxL+ yL cf} / k} ;f eL sd ldntf yf . ckgf vr{, bf] aRr] cf} / kl/ jf/ sL

lhDd] jf/ L ,hLjg rnfgf sl7g xf] uof cf} / d} +g] ljb] z hfg] sf lg0f{o s/ lnof . lk5n] Ps dxLg] ;] sf7df+8" d] + xF" . kf;kf]6{ agf lnof x} cf} / Ps d} g kfj/ jfn] ;] aft eL xf] uO{ x} . d+} cfzfjfbL x"F ls hNb xL d'em] df} sf eL ldn hfo] uf . d} + hfgtf x"F

ls ljb] z d] + k} ;f sdfgf cf;fg gxL+ . x/ jSt ckg] nf] u ofb cfPFu] vf; s/ aRr] . d+} g] ;'gf x} ls jxfF ax't sl7g sfd s/ s] nf] u k} ;f sdft] x} + . n] lsg d} +g] of] hgf agfoL

x} ls s'5 k} ;] sdf n"Fuf cf} / lkm/ g] kfn jfk; cfs/ ;fd"lxs v] tL s?Fuf . cf} / 5f] 6f efO{ hf] ls k9ÞfO{ d] + ax't cR5f x} p;] k9ÞfpFmuf . jf: tj d] + g] kfn ;/ sf/ sf] u+eL/ xf] gf ax't h¿/ L x} cGoyf b] z d] + ;[hgfTdstf vTd xf] hfo] uL . ha ts ckgf pTkfbg gxL+ xf] uf ta ts b] z ljsf; ;Dej gxL+ . ktf gxL+ o] aft ha d} ;demtf x"F tf] o] a8] Þ g] tf nf] u, gLltlgdf{tf cf} / of] hgfsf/ Sof] + gxL+ ;demt] <

c/ ljGb l;+x s'+j/ ,bfr'{nf

O; af/ tf] ax't cR5L

t} of/ L sL x} d} +g] . s/ La ^ dxLgf ts sf] l/ ofO{ efiff sL tfnLd nL x} , cfzf x}

ls O; af/ d} + kf; xf] hfpFmuf . b] lvo] sxg] jfn] P] ;] xL sxt] x} + ls g] kfn d] + / xs/ eL ax't s'5 lsof

hf ;stf x} . vf; s/ hf] a8Þ] nf] u x} +, jf] P] ;f af] nt] x} + . ckg] aRrf] sf] cd] l/ sf, O+UNof08 e] h b] t] x} + cf} / b";/f ] sf]

g] kfn d] + xL / xg] sf ;nfx b] t] x} . cfk xL atfOo] ls; g] tf sf aRrf g] kfn d] + / xtf x} of ox atfOo] ls ls; ;/ sf/ L clwsf/ L sf a] 6f a] 6L g] kfn d] + x} . ckg] cfksf] ;j{xf/ f kf6L{ sf g] tf sxg] jfn afa'/ fd e6\6/ fO{ g] a] 6L sf] k9g] s] lnP O+Un} 08 e] h lbof yf . ;a;] a8L rLh x} , bf] zfd sf vfgf, tg k/ j: q cf} / / xg] s] lnP 5t , hf] O; b] z d] + ;+ej gxL+ . sxfjt x} – d/ tf Sof g s/ tf . a; oxL xfnt x} O; b] z s] o'jfcf] + sf . sf] O{ k9Þ lnv s] a] / f] huf/ x} , ls;L sf] gf} s/ L tf] ldnL n] lsg p;;] k] 6 gxL+ e/ tf cf} / hf] k9f lnvf gxL+ x} pgsL tf] aft

gxL+ sL hfo . ;/ sf/ ljsNk b] tf] sf] O{ 3/ 5f] 8Þ s] k/ fof b] z gxL+ hfgf rfx] uf .

– xl/ x/ rf} w/ L, ;'g;/ L

l/kf]6{

Kn; 6' kf; s/ g] s] afb d} +g] cldg sf tfnLd lnof n] lsg gf} s/ L ceL ts ldnL .

ca tf] d+} g] cfzf eL 5f] 8Þ lbof x} ls O; b] z d] + d'em] gf} s/ L ldn] uL cf} / ldn] uL eL tf] p;;] k] 6 e/ gf ;+ej gxL+ . cf7 306f sfd s/ jf s] rf/ xhf/ b] g] sL aft s/ t] x} + . d] / ] ufFj s] ax't nf] u bf] xf d] + x} cf} / pg nf] uf] + s] ;nfx d'tflas d} + ljb] z hfg] sL t} of/ L d] + nuf x"F . d] g kfj/ jfnf g] sxf x} ls !% lbg d] + d'em] p8Þf b] uf . hf]

sfd ldn] uf s?+uf a; k} ;f ldngf rflxP . n] lsg d} + Hofbf lbg ts jxfF gxL+ / x"Fuf . s'5 k} ;f sdf n] g] s] afb 3/ jfk; cfs/ oxL+ s'5 sfd s?+uf .

j] tg eL 7Ls ;] gxL+ ldn / xf x} . n] lsg ls;sf] dtna x} pg nfuf] + sL . ;/ sf/ tf] a; O; aft k/ v'z x} ls / ] ld6] G; a9Þ / xf x} . ;/ sf/ tf] O; km] / d] + nuL x} ls Hofbf ;] Hofb / ] ld6] G; cfo] . ;as] ;a g] kfnL o'jf ljb] z rn] hfo] tfls pg k/ / f] huf/ sf bafa gxL+ xf] uf . ls;L eL / fi6« s] lnP !( ;] n] s/ #% pd| s] o'jf sf] uxgf dfgf hftf x} . O; pd| s] nf] u rfx]+ tf] / ] lu: tfg sf] xl/ ofnL s/ b] . cy{ljb sxt] + x} – b'ef{Uo x} O; / fi6« sf, oxfF ;] d;n cf} / a|] g bf] gf]

knfog xf] / xf x} .j} b] lzs / f] huf/ d] + hfg]

jfnf] + sf] b] vf hfo tf] s/ La s/ La rf/ ls: d s] nf] u rf/ t/ Ls] ;] ljb] z hf / x] x} . kxnf lhgs] kf; nDaL b"/ L to s/ g] s] lnP Hofbf k} ;f gxL+ . clwsf+z P] ;] o'jf ef/ t hf / x] x} . b";/ f hf] yf] 8Þ] ax't k9Þ] lnv] x} + cf} / s/ La Ps nfv ts vr{ eL s/ ;st] x+} , P] ;] o'jf ;fpbL c/ a, stf/ , dn] lzof cf} / ;+o'St c/ a cld/ ft hf / x] x} + . tL;/ f hf] rf/ ;] ;ft nfv ts vr{ s/ ;st] x} jf] hfkfg, Oh/ fon hf / x] x} cf} / rf} yf hf] b; nfv ts vr{ s/ g] sL Ifdtf / vt] x} + . P] ;] o'jf cd] l/ sf cf} / o"/ f] k hf / x]

x} . Og nf] uf] + sf p2] Zo eL kms{ x} . kxn] >] 0fL s] nf] u l;km{ / f] hL / f] 6L s] lnP hf / x] x} + . b";/ ]L >] 0fL s] nf] u yf] 8Þf k} ;f xf] hfo] tf] ufFj d] + v] t of : yfgLo afhf/ d] + 5f] 6f ;f 3/ xf] hfo] of 5f] 6f Jofkf/ s/ g] s] lnP k} ;f xf] hfo] uf ;f] r s/ hf / x] x} + . n] lsg tL;/L cf} / rf} yL >] 0fL s] nf] u ox ;f] rt] / xt] x} + ls / fhwfgL d] + 3/ , uf8ÞL cf} / s'5 a} +s a} n] G; xf] hfo] .

k|fs[lts >f] t ;] e/ k"/ O; / fi6« ;] a8L ;+Vof d] + xf] / xf knfog lg;Gb] x lrGtf sf ljifo x} . s[lif, hn>f] t, pmhf{, ko{6g h} ;] ax't ;] P] ;] If] q x} + hxfF cj;/ ;[hgf sL hf ;stL x} . lh;s] lnP ;a;] cxd aft x} / fhgLlts l: y/ tf . n] lsg b'ef{Uo lk5n] kRrL; ;fn ;] O; / fi6« sf] l: y/ tf gxL+ ldn ;sL . lj ;+ @)$^ d] + k|hftGq sL

k'gj{xfnL s] afb nf] uf] d] + ax't cfzf yL . n] lsg / fhgLlts ;+qmd0f cGt gxL+ x'cf . hgtf sL cfsfFIff k"/ f g xf] g] s] sf/ 0f b] z u[xo'4 d] + rnf uof . cf} / @)^@–^# ts ox / fi6« u[xo'4 d] + kmF;f / xf . lj;+ @)^#–^# d] + lkm/ Ps af/ cfGbf] ng x'cf . / fi6« d] + lkm/ Ps ax't a8f / fhgLlts kl/ jt{g x'cf, ;+3Lo nf] stflGqs u0ftGq sL : yfkgf x'O{ cf} / ceL / fi6« ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f sL k|lqmof d] + x} . O; kl/ jt{g sf ;a;] a8f c;/ k8Þf x} ljsf; k/ . ;xL dfog] d] +

lk5n] kRrL;

;fn ;]

oxfF sf] O{

ljsfzd"ns ultljlw x'O{ xL gxL+ sx] + tf] cltZof] lSt gxL+ xf] uL . ljsf; xL / f] huf/ L sf cj;/ lgdf{0f s/ tL x} cf} / ox aft / fhg] tfcf] + sf] ;demgf k8] Þuf . / ] ld6] G; ;] / fi6« gxL++ rntf . cWoogzLn, b"/ b[li6 cf} / o'jf ju{ sf] / fhgLlt d] + ;lqmo xf] gf xf] uf cGoyf jx lbg b"/ gxL+ ls g] kfn j[4j[4fcf] + s] lnP æ8lDkª ;fO6Æ ags/ / x hfo] uf ..

g/ ] z l;+x s'j+/ -bfr'{nf_

rf/ jif{ kxn] bf] xf cfof

/ f] huf/ s] l;nl;n] d] + . ax't sl7g lhGbuL x} nueu krf; l8u|L

;] lN;o; sL udL{ d] + kmLN8 d] + sfd s/ gf k8Þtf x} . seL seL tf] kLg] s] lnP kfgL eL

gxL+ ldntf . n] lsg lkm/ eL sf] O{ lrGtf gxL+, sf] O{ kZrftfk gxL+ . Sof] +ls g] kfn d] + yf tf] x/ / f] h d/ tf yf . afNosfn sL tf] ofb gxL+ n] lsg ha;] aft ;dem d] + cfg] nuL ta ;] e/ k] 6 gxL+ vfof, 9+u sf sk8Þf seL gxL+ kxgf . lh; b] z sL ;/ sf/ u} / – lhDd] jf/ xf] tL x} jxfF s] nf] uf] + sL] xfnt P] ;L xL xf] tL x} . oxfF cu/ 9+u sf sfd ldn hftf tf] sf} g cftf O; / ] lu: tfg d] + < n] lsg afWotf x} cf} / o] s] jn d] / L gxL+ alNs ;eL g] kfnL efOof] + cf} / axgf] + sL x} . bf] xf cfg] s] afb d] / L l: ylt abn uoL x} , bf] gf] zfd vftf x"F, 9+u sf sk8f kxgtf x"F cf} / s'5 k} ;f hdf s/ s] eL / v / xf x"FF . s'5 lbg cf} / sdfpFmuf cf} / lkm/

g] kfn jfk; hfpFuf .hf] luGb/ kf;jfg, wg'iff

-bf] xf d] + sfo{/ t_

sf]l/of d]+ sfd s/t] x'P g]kfnL dhb"/ . t:jL/M /]lhGb| l3ld/]÷sf]l/of

l/kf]6{


laxf/ sL aof/ cf un] nu hf

?lr l;+x

cf/ h] 8L k|d'v nfn"ofbj g] sxf ls h] 8Lo" g] tf gLtLz s'df/

pgs] 5f] 6] efO{ sL t/ x x} + olb 5f] 6f efO{ a8Þ] efO{ s] kf; cftf x} tf] p;] un] nufgf : jfefljs xL x} .

b/ c;n cfd r'gfj d] + b] z s] r'gfjL kl/ b[Zo sf] k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bL g] ckg] JolQmTj sL hfb'O{ 58ÞL ;] aLh] kL agfd cGo kfl6{of] + sL n8ÞfO{ d+] tAbLn s/ lbof yf . jxL ca laxf/ d] + xf] g] jfn] pkr'gfj d] + eL aLh] kL sf] kf6L{ hLt lbnf kftL x} of gxL+ < Sof ceL ts g/ ] Gb| df] bL sf cfefd08n ckgL ls/ 0f] lav] / / xf x} <

nf] s;ef r'gfj d] + …df] bL nx/ Ú g] laxf/ , pQ/ k|b] z d] + aLh] kL lj/ f] lwof] + sf] pgsL ;xL hux lbvf 8ÞfnL . !@) ;L6f] + d] + s] jn !^ ;L6 xL lj/ f] lwof] + sL emf] nL d] + cfO{ . b/ c;n ca pQ/ k|b] z d] + eL !@ ljwfg;ef ;L6f] + k/ pkr'gfj xf] g] x} + . lkmnjQm laxf/ sL !) ;L6f] + k/ hNbL ;] hNbL r'gfj xf] g] s] lnP clw;"rgf eL hf/ L xf] r'sL x} . laxf/ d] + eL aLh] kL sL nx/ sf] b] vt] x'P sO{ ljwfosf] + g] b";/ ] kfn] d] + hfs/ ckgL sO{ ;L6] + vfnL s/ bL x} . laxf/ d] + hfltut / fhgLlt xf] t] x'P eL cfd r'gfjf] + d] + aLh] kL g] rf} sfg] jfnL ;kmntf s] sbd r"d] y] . / fHo sL $) ;L6f] + d] + ;] @@ ;L6] cf} / u7aGwg nf] shgzlQm kf6L{, / fi6«Lo nf] s ;dtf kf6L{ sf] ( ;L6] + ldnL x} + . ctM u7aGwg sf] s'n #! ;L6] xfl;n s/ gLtLz sL kf6L{ h] =8L= -o'_ nfn"k|;fb sL kf6L{ cf/ =h] =8L= sf] s] jn bf] cf} / rf/ ;L6] + xL ldnL . bf] gf] + xL kfl6{of] + sf] Ps t/ x ;] lg/ fzf xL xfy nuL .

uf} / tna x} ls laxf/ aLh] kL sL / fHo sfo{sfl/ 0fL ;ldlt sL !( h'nfO{–@) h'nfO{ sL k6gf d] + x'O{ a} 7s d] + l;km{ tfTsflns r'gf} ltof] + s] cnfjf cun] ;fn ljwfg;ef s] r'gfjf] + s] d2] gh/ gP l;/ ] ;] Ps h"6 xf] g] sL sjfob k] z sL uO{ . ;"qf] + sL dfg] + tf] s] Gb|Lo dGqL / fwfdf] xg l;+x g] Ps t/ x ;] ;'zLn df] bL sf] d'VodGqL sf pDdLbjf/ ts 3f] lift s/ 8fnf .

laxf/ d] + / fhg} lts abnfj sL aof/ sf] / f] sg] s] lnP nfn" s] slyt h+un / fh sf lj/ f] w s/ g] jfn] k|ltåGåL gLtLz s'df/ nfn" k|;fb s] un] nu r's] x} + . …cf un] nu hfÚ sL th{ k/ nfn" g] gLtLz s] lnP oxfF ts sx 8Þfnf x} ls …gLtLz s] ;fy hGdhGdft/ sf l/ Ztf x} .Ú !^ dO{ ;] kxn] ;kg] d] + eL nfn"–gLtLz P] ;L sNkgf gxL+ s/ ;st] y] . bf] gf] + sf

k8Þf];

ox gofF u7aGwg ckgL–ckgL 5lj sL / fhgLlt s] jr{: j sf] Psh"6 s/ g] sf cfgg–kmfgg d] + p7fof uof xtfz e/ f sbd xL x} . gh/ 8Þfn] + tf] o"=kL= s] !(( s] ljwfg;ef r'gfjf] + d] + …sd+8n / fhgLltÚ s] bf} / s] aLh] kL sf] ;Qf s] afx/ / vg] s] O/ fb] ;] xL d'nfod cf} / dfof g] lj/ f] wL xf] g] s] afjh"b eL Ps b";/ ] ;] xfy ldnf lnof yf .

aLh] kL g] tf zfxgjfh x';} g sxt] x} +, …gLtLz–nfn" sf u7aGwg / fHo d] + aLh] kL sL tfst k/ d'x/ nufPuf . gLtLz sL ;f] r ox x} ls lhg nf] uf] + g] pGx] + af] 6 lbof x} , j] nfn" s] ;fy v8Þ] xf] g] k/ eL pGx] + xL af] 6 b] +u] . cf/ h] 8L–h] 8L -o"_ u7aGwg d] + gLtLz / fh sf af] nafnf xf] uf, P] ;f gxL+ x} . hf] eL xf] uf nfn" s] Ozf/ ] k/ xL xf] uf . l;km{ aLh] kL xL nfn" s] u7aGwg s] bf} 8Þt] 3f] 8Þ] sf] / f] s ;stL x} .

;jfn ox k} bf xf] tf x} ls O; u7aGwg sf g] tf sf} g xf] uf < ;L6f] + s] a6jf/ ] + sf Sof kmfd"{nf xf] uf < sO{ P] ;]

;jfn x} +, hf] O; u7aGwg sL / fhgLlt sf] P] ;L w'/ L k/ nf s/ v8Þf s/ t] x} , hxfF cfu] rn s/ z+sf–pkz+sf s] cfwf/ k/ u7aGwg sf rL/ x/0f xL g xf] hfP .

xfnfFls aLh] kL lj/ f] wL u7aGwg d] + nfn" sf xL af] njfnf / x] uf, Sof] +ls h] 8 -o"_ @)!% s] ljwfg;ef r'gfj s] lnP gLtLz sf] kxn] xL d'VodGqL pDdLbjf/ kb s] lnP to s/ r'sL x} . cfd–r'gfj d] + h] 8L -o"_ s] bogLo k|bz{g s] rnt] @^ s] @^ pDdLbjf/ f] + sL hdfgt ts hAt xf] uO{ yL . ctM ox tf] to x} ls / fhgLlt s] dflx/ lvnf8ÞL nfn" ofbj lglZrt ¿k ;] ckg] t/ Ls] ;] tf] n–df] n sL / fhgLlt s/ ] +u] .

b] vgf ca x} ls @! cu: t s] r'gfj s] afb O; u7aGwg sL gO{ kf6L{ sf] zt/ +h sL la;ft k/ zx of dft Sof ldntL x} . Sof] +ls aLh] kL nx/ sx] + of df] bL nx/ sL aof/ sf ?v ls; t/ km nfn"–gLtLz s/ kfo] +] u] Sof] +ls df] bL nx/ g] O; cfd r'gfj d] + aLh] kL s] kIf d] + gof Oltxf; lnv 8Þfnf x} . O+thf/ x} ls O; u7aGwg sL / fhgLlt sf pmF6 ls; cf] / a} 7] uf .

n] lsg laxf/ ljwfg;ef pkr'gfj d] + ldn] ?emfgf] + ;] l: ylt ca ;fkm xf] uO{ x} . nfn"–gLtLz–sf+u|] ; dxfu7a+wg s] vft] d] + hxf+ ^ ;L6] + hftL lbv / xL x} + . jxL+ efhkf sf] $ ;L6f] + k/ ;+tf] if s/ gf k8Þ / xf x} .

27lxdflngL l;tDa/ 2014

ef/t s] ^*j] + : jt+qtf lbj; s] cj;/ k/ z'esfdgf sfo{qmd

;dfrf/

g] kfn ef/ t d} qL ;dfh åf/ f ef/ t s] ^*j] + : jt+qtf lbj; s] cj;/ k/ ;f] N6L qmfpg Knfhf d] + Ps sfo{qmd cfof] lht lsof uof . g] kfn ef/ t d} qL ;dfh s] cWoIf k|] d nZs/ L g] O;sf cfof] hg lsof yf . g] kfn s] pk / fi6«klt dfggLo k/ dfgGb emf, ef/ tLo / fhb"t dxfdxLd / +hLt / fo, k"j{ pkk|wfgd+qL e/ tdf] xg clwsf/ L, cy{d+qL / fdz/ 0f dxt, ljb] z d+qL dx] Gb|gfy kf08] o, lvn/ fh / ] UdL, / fk|kf s] kz'klt zdz] / / f0ff ;lxt sO{ hfg] dfg] JolStTj sL pkl: ylt sfo{qmd d] + yL . ;ag] ckg] z'esfdgf ;+b] z d] + ef/ t cf} / ef/ tLo hgtf sf] z'esfdgf b] t] x'P O; aft k/ ljz] if an lbof ls cfg] jfn] lbgf] + d] + g] kfn ef/ t ;DaGw Ps gO{ pFrfO{of] + sf] 5'Puf .

cy{d+qL / fdz/ 0f dxt g] v'n] zAbf] + d] + sxf ls g] kfn sf] hNb ;] hNb pmhf{ ;DaGwL ;demf} tf] + d] + Ps dt xf] s/ cfu] a9Þg] sL cfjZostf x} . b] z s] lxt sf] Wofg d] + / vt]

x'P cf} / s'5 nrLnf Jojxf/ ckgft] x'P cfu] a9Þg] k/ pGxf] +g] an lbof . pGxf] +g] sxf ls ca kxn] h} ;L l: ylt gxL+ x} . cfh sf] O{ ls;L sf] 7u gxL+ ;stf . ;do abn r'sf x} . xd ;a sf] ;dembf/ L cf} / b"/ blz{tf ;] sfd n] gf xf] uf . kL8LP cf} / kL6LP l;km{ Ps cIf/ sf e] b x} lh;] xd] + ;'nemfgf xf] uf cf} / b] z lxt d] + sfd s/ gf xf] uf .

ef/ tLo / fhb"t g] af9Þ kLl8Þtf] + s] lnP ef/ t ;/ sf/ sL cf] / ;] $* c/ a ?kP cg'bfg / flz sL 3f] if0ff sL cf} / ef/ t ;/ sf/ sL cf] / ;] ;+j] bgf k|s6 sL . / fhb"t dxf] bo g] eL O; aft k/ an lbof ls ef/ t cf} / g] kfn sf] Ps gP kl/ b[Zo d] + cfu] a9Þgf xf] uf Sof] +ls ;do sL oxL df+u x} . g] kfn ef/ t d} qL ;dfh s] åf/ f eL %! xhf/ ?= ;xfotf / flz b] g] sL aft ;dfh s] cWoIf k|] d nZs/ L g] sxf .

/ fk|kf s] kz'kltzdz] / / f0ff g] ckg]

jStJo d] + lr+tf hflx/ sL . pGxf] +g] sxf ls ;do / xt] g] kfn sf] plrt lg0f{o s/ gf xf] uf lh;;] b] z ljsf; s] dfu{ k/ cfu] a9Þ ;s] . k"j{ pk k|wfgd+qL e/ tdf] xg clwsf/ L g] cfzf JoSt lsof ls ef/ t d] + hf] kl/ jt{g x'cf x} jx g] kfn s] ;Gbe{ d] + eL Ps cR5f sn nfPuf .

c+t d] + dxfdlxd pk/ fi6«klt k/ dfgGb emf g] z'esfdgf d+tJo JoSt lsof . g] kfn ef/ t s] ;DaGwf] + sL b[9Þtf agL / x] cf} / g] kfn s] ljsf; d] + ef/ t sf ;xof] u ldn] P] ;L pgsL wf/ 0ff yL . pGxf] +g] eL dfgf ls g] kfn sf] hNb ;] hNb ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f s/ s] ljsf; sL / fx k/ cu|;/ xf] gf rflxP cf} / k8Þf] ;L / fHo ;] hf] ljsf; sL ;Defjgf ;fdg] cf / xL x} p;sf e/ k"/ nfe n] gf rflxP .

cfk;L ;f] xf{b| cf} / g] kfn ef/ t d} qL cd/ / x] sL efjgf s] ;fy sfo{qmd sL ;dflKt x'O{ .

OlG8og sNr/ n ;]G6/ , ef/ tLo b"tfjf; tyf kz'kltgfy cf/ tL ;]jf ;ldlt s] ;xof]u ;] kz'kltgfy d+lb/ s] k|f +u0f d]+ $ cu: t ;f]djf/ sL zfd sf] Ps eJo cf/ tL ljz]if sf cfof]hg lsof uof . O; ;f+: s[lts ;+Wof s] cj;/ k/ cfO{;L;L s] 5fqf] + tyf lzIfsf] + åf/ f e/ tgf6\od g[To sf eL d+rg lsof uof lh;] b]vg] s] lnP xhf/ f] + sL ;+Vof d]+ nf]u pkl: yt y] . ox >fj0f dlxgf s] kfjg cj;/ k/ ;f]djf/ sf] cfof]hg lsof uof yf .

OlG8og sNr/ n ;]G6/ åf/ f kz'kltgfy d]+ eJo cf/ tL

O; lbg kz'kltgfy s] bz{g sf ljz]if dxTj dfgf hftf x} . >fj0f dlxgf s] ;f]daf/ sf] xL ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL g/ ]Gb| df]bL g] eL kz'kltgfy dlGb/ d]+ ljz]if k"hf cr{gf sL yL . O; cj;/ k/ ef/ L ;+Vof d] eQmf] + sL pkl: ylt yL . O; cj;/ k/ ;+: s[lt dGqL eLd cfrfo{ d'Vo cltly s] ¿k d]+ sfo{qmd d]+ pkl: yt y] .


JolQmTj

aL=8L= rf}w/L ‘s}bL’

cfWoflTds ljrf/ f] + k/ dgg lsof hfP tf] jf: tj d] + dg'io hLjg sf] , ls;L j: t' s] k|lt ;dlk{t g xf] s/ , ;f+;fl/ s dfof, df] x cf} / nf] e ;] jl~rt / xt] x'P b] z sfn, kl/ l: ylt s] cg';f/ ckg] –cfk sf] ;dfh cf} / / fi6« k|] d d] + jzLe"t s/ s] dfgj hLjg sL ;kmntf cf} / b'lgof sL pmFrfOof] + sf] 5"g] s] lnP cd/ tf Pj+ d'lQm b] t] alnbfg sL / fx r'ggf xL ;jf] {Qd x} , lh;] ckgfg] d] + xdf/ ] zxLb nf] u kL5] gxL+ x} . ctM ;eL zxLbf] + s] k|lt >4f~hln ck{0f s/ t] x'P …5fq zxLb ldlyn] z b"j] Ú sL pFrfOof] + sf] eL gsf/ f gxL+ hf ;stf . Ps sxfjt x} –lhGbuL abn ;stL x} , ;'g nf] o] hf] sxtf

dg5" nf] pFrfOof] + sf] , sbdf] + d] + xf] uL b'lgof

osLgg .O; t/ x xd b] vt] cf} / ;'gt] cf / x]

x} + ls O{Zj/ åf/ f / lrt a|Dxf08Lo ;[li6 d] + rf} / f;L nfv of] lgof] + sf pNn] v dgLlifof] + g] lsof x} . k/ dfTdf sL ;jf] {Ts[i6 s[lt dfgj sf] sxf uof x} . ;eL hLjf] + d] + cfxf/ , eo, lgb|f, d} y'g ;dfg ¿k ;] kfof hftf x} , k/ Gt' dg'iof] + sf] ljz] if sxf uof x} . Sof] +ls ckgL OR5f sf] sfo{ ¿k b] g] sL Ifdtf dg'io dfq d] + x} .

O; k|sf/ ;[li6 ljsf; qmd d] + kbfyf] {+ cf} / ljrf/ f] + sf ljsf; xf] tf hf / xf x} . dg ;] dg' cf} / dg' ;] dg'io agf x} . dg'io dg sf k'tnf x} cf} / dg' g] b] jTj k|fKt s/ dg'io sf] hLjg hLg] sf lgb] {z lsof x} . 1fg ljj] s cf} / CtDe/ f k|1f ;] xL d'gio b] jTj sL >] 0fL d] + pTqmldt xf] tf x} . dfgj hLjg hLg] s] lnP ;[li6 d] + / fi6«, : jtGqtf, k|hftGq cf} / u0ftGq cfjZos lj: tf/ x} . Og ljrf/ f] + s] lnP dg'io cf} / dgLlifof] + g] lg/ Gt/ w/ tL k/ ;+3if{ lsof x} . cyj{j] b d] + …dftfe"ld k'qf] ̃x+ k[lyJofÚ sxs/ dg'io cf} / k[YjL d] + dftfk'q sf ;DaGw : yflkt lsof x} . ckgL xL ld6\6L sL uGw / fi6«Lotf xf] tL x} . lh; d] + ;+: s[lt sL ;'uGw xf] tL x} . / fi6«Lotf Ps efjgf x} , hf] hdLg cf} / ;+: s[lt ;] h'8ÞL / xtL x} . / fi6«Lotf : jw/ tL k|lt >4f, d"No, dfGotf, cf: yf cf} / cfbz{, k/ Dk/ f, …j;'w} j s'6'Dasd, ;j] { ejGt' ;'lvgM, k|] d, bof, s?0ff tyf d} qL efj ;] cf] tk|f] t / xtf x} . ;dfg cfzf, cfsf+Ifflb u'0ff] + ;] ;';DaGw cg'zfl;t hLjg z} nL hLg] sL efjgf / fi6«Lotf sxnftL x} .

;eL hLj : jtGq / xgf rfxt] x} + . : jtGqtf to x} , ox alnbfg df+utL x} . ljrf/ f] + sL s;f} 6L dg'io sf] b] jtf agf b] tL x} . ljrf/ sNof0fsf/ L xf] gf rflxP . xd ;bf

: jfwLg / fHo d] + / x] , hxfF k"0f{ : jtGqtf xf] + . P] ;L : jtGqtf k|hftGq d] + ;Dej x} . hf] hgtf s] lnP, hgtf åf/ f, hgtf ;] ;~rflnt xf] tL x} , lh;sf p2] Zo wd{do hLjg …;'v: o d"n+ wd{, wd{: o d"n+ cy{M cf} / cy{: o d"n+ / fHod\ xf] .Ú OGxL efjgfcf] + ;] dfgj ;lbof] + ;] ckg] / fi6« s] zf;sf] + s] k|lt pgs] k|lts"n cfr/ 0ff] + s] lj?4 ;+3if{/ t / xf x} . ;Qfwfl/ of] + s] cGofo, zf] if0f, bdg cf} / cTofrf/ s] lj?4 pg;] d'lQm kfg] sL rfxt xf] tL x} . P] ;] ljrf/ f] + ;] k|efljt d'gio df} t ;] gxL+ 8/ t] , Sof] +ls df} t tf] cfgL xL x} . ctM cd/ tf sf] : jLsf/ s/ gf x} hf] ;af] + s] lnP ;Dej gxL+ .

O;L sfnqmd d] + g] kfn d] + jiff] {+ ;] zf;sf] + s] zf] if0f, bdg, cTofrf/ s] lj?4 cfGbf] ng s] qmd d] + dxf] Q/ L lhnf u|fd l;: jf s6} of 5f] 6f s66L g] kfn lgjf;L >L ef] nf b"j] lktf cf} / dftf >LdtL / fd l;kmnb] jL s] sf] v ;] lj=;+= @)@! ;fn kf} if & ut] s] lbg k} bf x'P ;'k'q ldlyn] z b"j] g] lj=;+= @)#^ ;fn h] i7 % ut] k'ln; d'7e] 8 d] + zxfbt k|fKt sL .

cfGbf] ng r/ d cj: yf d] + yf . ufFj unL gu/ 8Þu/ ;] hgtf cf} / 5fq cfGbf] ng d] + ;/ Ls y] . uf] w"nL ;do d] + p;L lbg l;: jf s6} of l: yt ;Ldf ;'/ Iff k|x/ L yfgf k/ wfjf af] ng] sL t} of/ L yL . eL8Þ a] sfa" xf] cfu] a9ÞL . yfg] sL ;'/ Iff 3] / f sf] tf] 8Þkmf] 8Þ s/ g] sf sfd xf] / xf yf . eL8Þ yfg] s] åf/ s] kf; yL . ldlyn] z cu|k+lQm d] + yf . k'ln; g] uf] nL rnfO{ cf} / kxnL xL uf] nL …5fq ldlyn] z b"a] Ú sf] nuL cf} / pGxf] +g] zxfbt k|fKt lsof .

p; ;do jf] >L b'uf{ df=lj= dg/ f, dxf] Q/ L s] ;Ktd sIff s] 5fq y] . pgsL k|s[lt h'emf? yL . gf/ f, ;ef, h'n';, ljjfx k] lG6ª pgsL b} lgsL yL . d[t z/ L/ eL kl/ hgf] + sf] gxL+ lbof uof . kl/ jf/ hgf] + d] + zf] s sf dfxf} n yf . nfz s] lnP ax't k|of; x'cf k/ nfe gxL+ ldnL . b"j] g] cGofo–cTofrf/ cf} / z] fif0f s] lj?4 n8Þt] x'P / 0f If] q d] + / fi6« s] lnP s'jf{gL bL x} . cGttM tfgfzfxL k~rfotL Joj: yf sf cGt x'cf cf} / lj=;+= @)$^ ;fn r} t @^ ut] / flq !! ah] ;] k|hftGq sL k'gM : yfkgf sL uO{ . tTkZrft\ ldlyn] z zxLb 3f] lift x'P . Ogs] kL5] bf] efO{ cf} / Ps axg x} + . lhGx] + ;/ sf/ sL cf] / ;] ls;L k|sf/ sL / fxt gxL+ ldnL x} .

zxLb 3f] if0ff kZrft\ zxfbt : yn s6} of d] + : df/ s agfg] sf sfo{ cw"/ f x} . dg/ f d] +

Og s] gfd s] jfrgfno sL cj: yf eL bogLo x} . / sd sf cefj, hfu?stf sL sdL, zxLb k|lt cgf: yfefj, hftLotf, O{iof{ å] if s] sf/ 0f a8ÞL sl7gfO{ x} Sof] +ls ;dfh hfu[t gxL+ x} cf} / / fhgLlt l: y/ gxL+ . hf] eL xf] zxLb sL ;DDffg ;eL / fhgLltof] s] åf/ f ;+/ lIft / x] cf} / zxLb sf ;kgf ;fsf/ xf] k|hftGq, u0ftGq cf} / ;+3Lotf sL t/ km ;eL pGd'v / x] + teL zxLbf] + sf ;kgf ;fsf/ xf] uf .

O; t/ x xd b] vt] x} + ls lgjf{0f sL k|flKt dg'io s] lnP xL ;Dej x} Sof] +ls O;sL ;dem s] jn dg'io sf] xL xf] ;stL x} cf} / jx xL O; lbzf d] + sfo{ s/ ;stf x} cf} / cfjfudg s] em+em6 ;] d'Qm xf] ;stf x} . cGo k|fl0fof] + sf] cg] s of] lgof] + s] rqm d] + 3"dgf k8Þtf x} , ta xL dg'io sf z/ L/ ldntf x} . k'/ fg] hdfg] d] + dg'io / f] uf] + s] cnfjf k|foM o'4 d] + d/ t] y] . cyf{t\ olb sf] O{ o'4 s/ t] x'P d[To' sf] k|fKt xf] hfP tf] jx : ju{ hftf x} cf} / olb hLt hfP tf] O; w/ f k/ : ju{ ef] utf x} . la: t/ k/ n] 6 s/ d/ gf cR5f gxL+ dfgf hftf yf . ctM ha xd zxLbf] + sf : d/ 0f s/ t] x} + tf] p; zxLb sf gfd xd ;] h'8Þ hfgf xL pGx] + cd/ Tj k|bfg s/ : ju{ sf clwsf/ L agf b] tf x} . ctM 5fq zxLb ldlyn] z b"j] d/ s/ eL cd/ x} + . pgs] ;kgf sf] ;fsf/ s/ gf xdf/ f sfo{ cf} / wd{ x} . O;L d] + ;af] + sL enfO{ x} .

%fq zxLb ldlyn] z b'j]


ljrf/

dxfef/ t o'4 d] + Ps dxTjk"0f{ kfq y] , zNo . kf08j s] j] ;xf] b/

dfdf y] . b'of] {wg g] 5n s/ s] zNo sf] sf} / j kIf ;] n8Þg] s] lnP afWo agfof yf . kl/ l: yltjz pGx] bfgjL/ s0f{ sf ;f/ yL aggf k8Þf . s0f{ g] lhtg] lbgf] + ts sf} / j ;] gf sf ;] gfklt ag s/ o'4 lsof, p; cj;/ d] + zNo g] s0f{ sf dgf] an lu/ fg] d] + sf] O{ s;/ afFsL gxL+ / vL . o'4 d] + dgf] jn ax't a8L aft xf] tL x} . zNo ;f/ yL xf] s/ s0f{ s] dgf] jn sf] : vlnt s/ g] s] lnP ch'{g sL jL/ tf sf xd] zf u'0fufg s/ t] y] . ;DejtM p;L ;do ;] …zNo k|j[lQÚ zAb sf k|of] u xf] g] nuf .

;dsfnLg g] kfnL / fhgLlt d] + ;'zLn sf] O{/ fnf sf] O{dfgbf/ L k"j{s ;xof] u s/ g] s] lnP ckgL kf6L{ d] + sf] O{ g] tf gxL+ ldn / xf x} . sf] O{/ fnf sf t] hf] aw s/ g] s] lnP ckgL xL kf6L{ s] nf] u zNo sL e"ldsf lgjf{x s/ / x] x} + . p;L t/ x u7aGwg ;/ sf/ d] + ;lDdlnt bn g] eL zNo sL e"ldsf lgjf{x sL x} . O;lnP af/ Daf/ / fhgLlts j[Q

d] + pgs] : jf: Yo sL b'xfO{ b] t] x'P pgsf O: tLkmf df+uf hftf x} .

k|wfgdGqL ;'zLn sf] O/ fnf sf] sdhf] / cf} / c;Ifd lbvf s/ pGx] + kbTofu s/ g] s] lnP afWo lsof hf / xf x} . hals sf] O{/ fnf ;Qfwf/ L g] kfnL sf+u|] ; ;] ;+;bLo bn s] g] tf tf] x} + xL, j] g] kfnL sf+u|] ; s] ;efklt eL x} + . lh;s] rnt] tTsfn pGx] + kf6L{ s] cGb/ ;] r'gf} tL sL ;Defjgf Go"g x} + . lkm/ eL tLg af/ k|wfgdGqL xf] r's] z] / axfb'/ b] pjf cf} / k|wfgdGqL lgjf{rg d] + ;qx af/ k/ flht / fdrGb| kf} 8] n ckgL dxtL dxTjfsf+Iff s] rnt] k|wfgdGqL sf] O/ fnf sf] kf6L{ s] cGb/ ;] xL cfjZos ;xof] u gxL+ ldn / xf x} . pgs] ;xof] uL cf} / ;xsdL{ nf] u eL pgsf] sdhf] / cf} / gfsf/ f l;4 s/ g] d] + nu] x} + .

;a;] ljlrq Jojxf/ g] skf Pdfn] s] cWoIf sf x} . ;ft–cf7 dxLgf kxn] g] kfnL sf+u|] ; sf] ;dy{g s/ t] x'P p;s] g] t[Tj sf] : jLsf/ s/ u7aGwg ;/ sf/ d] + ;xefuL Pdfn] sd ;] sd Ps jif{ ts ha ts ;+ljwfg gxL+ ag hftf, O;L ;/ sf/ sf] ;dy{g b] g] s] lnP ;xdt x'cf yf . O; ;/ sf/ d] + g] skf Pdfn] sf] pkk|wfg, u[x, k/ / fi6« cf} / pmhf{ h} ;] cfwf bh{g ;] Hofbf dxTjk"0f{ dGqfno k|fKt x'P x} + . ckgL sfo{s'zntf lbvfg] s] lnP O; kf6L{ sf] Otg] dGqfno sfkmL x} + . ;a;] a8ÞL

aft, u[xdGqfno OgsL h] a d] + x} . b] z sL zflGt ;'/ Iff, O;L kf6L{ s] xfy d] + x} + . Ps rlr{t ck/ fwL hf] v'b sf] 8f‘g sxg] cf} / ;'gg] d] + uf} / j cg'ej s/ tf yf, cf} / lh;g] / fhwfgL cf} / cf;kf; s] lhnf] + d] + ckgf cft+s km} nfof yf, p;sL d[To' sf] n] s/ Pdfn] g] ;+ljwfg;ef d] + ;/ sf/ sf lj/ f] w lsof . ckgL xL kf6L{ s] gDa/ bf] g] tf b] z s] u[xdGqL x} + . P] ;L cj: yf d] + Pdfn] sL cf] / ;] xL ck/ fwL 8f‘g s] af/ ] d] + k|Zg p7fgf ls; b[li6 ;] Gofof] lrt yf < of ox Pdfn] sf Ps 3l6of gf6s dfq yf <

blIf0fL k8Þf] ;L ef/ t s] laxf/ cf} / pQ/ k|fGt d] + O{dfgbf/ , l;4fGtlgi7, JolQmof] + sf] b/ lsgf/ s/ ck/ flwof] + sf] cfu] a9Þfg] sL hf] k|j[lQ lbvfO{ bL, p;sf k|ltkmn cfh jxfF s] cR5] –cR5] g] tf v'b e'ut / x] x} + . d"No Pj+ dfGotf d] + cfwfl/ t / fhgLlt sf] sdhf] / agfg] jfn] JolQm of tŒj oyfy{ d] + v'b s] k} / f] + k/ s'Nxf8ÞL df/ t] x} + . g] skf Pdfn] s] gj] + dxflwj] zg d] + kf6L{ s] jl/ i7 g] tf dfwjs'df/ g] kfn g] s] kL zdf{ cf] nL sf] zf/ Ll/ s c: j: ytf s] axfg] cof] Uo pDdLbjf/ s/ f/ lbof yf . O; cf/ f] k ;] cfxt x'P cf] nL g] cg} lts Pj+ c/ fhg} lts cf/ f] k d'em k/ nufof uof, P] ;f sxt] x'P g] kfn s] cf/ f] k sf hf] / bf/ v08g lsof yf . pGxL cf] nL g] ckgL aLdf/ L sf Onfh s/ nf} 6g] k/ s} G;/ ;] kLl8Þt jof] j[4 g] tf

zNo sL #] / faGbL d] + sf] O/ fnf

>Ldg gf/fo0f

;/ sf/ sf d"Nof+sg hglxt d] + p;g] lstgf sfd lsof, p;;] xf] tf x} .

s';L{ d] + l6s] / xg] sL cjlw ;] gxL+ .

ljrf/

;'zLn sf] O/ fnf k/ / f] uL xf] g] sf cf/ f] k nuft] x'P kb Tofu s] lnP bjfj t} of/ lsof . u7aGwg ;/ sf/ d] + gxL+ a} 7gf xf] tf] ckgf ;dy{g jfk; n] s/ k|wfgdGqL sf lj/ f] w s/ gf rflxP yf . Ps cf] / u7aGwg ;/ sf/ d] + a} 7 s/ nfe eL n] +u] , b";/ L cf] / p;L ;/ sf/ s] k|wfgdGqL sL cfnf] rgf s/ ] +u] , ox aft lj/ f] wfefifk"0f{ cf} / cg} lts x} . p;L t/ x / fi6«klt Pj+ pk/ fi6«klt sf cg'df] bg ;bg ;] xf] gf rflxP, P] ;L df+u s/ gf eL c;fGble{s Pj+ c;+j} wflgs x} .

u7aGwg ;/ sf/ agt] jQm c;+ej ;eL ztf] +{ sf] : jLsf/ lsof hftf x} . c;Dej zt{ / fhgLlts bn s] lnP ;Qf ;] efug] sf pko'Qm / f: tf agtf x} . lh; t/ x dw] zL bn jfn] xd] zf sxt] x} +– …dw] zL ;d: of ;dfwfg s/ fg] s] lnP ;/ sf/ d] + uP y] , ;dfwfg sL cfzf d] + ;/ sf/ d] + l6s] / x] cf} / ;dfwfg xf] g] sf nIf0f gxL+ lbvfO{ lbof, O;lnP ;/ sf/ 5f] 8Þ lbP .Ú P] ;f n+u8f ts{ bf] bzsf] + ;] b] z cf} / dw] z sL hgtf ;'gtL cf / xL x} . lkm/ eL g] tfu0f P] ;] xL ts{ sf ;x/ f n] t] / x] x} + . j} ;] tf] a8Þ] bn eL ;fkm ;'y/ ] gxL+ x} + . OGx] x/ af/ ;/ sf/ d] + hfgf xL rflxP . h} ;] d5nL kfgL s] au} / lhGbf gxL+ / xtL, p;L t/ x ox a8] Þ bn eL ;/ sf/ ;] afx/ xf] g] k/ a8ÞL tsnLkm dx;"; s/ t] x} + .

;+ljwfg lgdf{0f, zflGt, / fHok'g;{+/ rgf, ;xdlt cf} / ;xsfo{ h} ;] zAb ;'gt] –;'gt] g] kfnL hgtf ys r'sL x} . Pdfn] , sf+u|] ;, dfcf] jfbL ;af+] g] ;af] + s] g] t[Tj d] + sfd lsof x} . ;Qf cf} / kb s] lnP xL ;eL bnf] + d+] 6"6–km"6 cf} / h"6 xf] t] / xtf x} . dw] zjfbL bn ;] n] s/ hghflt, r'/ ] efj/ ;] n] s/ / fi6«Lo kf6L{ ts sL dfgl;stf, ;+: sf/ cf} / sfo{ k4lt Ps xL k|sf/ sL x} . ;DejtM oxL dfgl;stf xdf/ ] b] z cf} / bn s] g] tfu0f sL

;+o'Qm kxrfg x} .O;sf dtna k|wfgdGqL ;'zLn

sf] O/ fnf g] cR5f sfd lsof xL gxL+, P] ;L aft gxL+ . k|wfgdGqL c: j: y xf] g] sf cy{ b] z xL c: j: y x} , P] ;f gxL+ sxf hf ;stf . b] z rnfg] sf sfd d"ntM Jo'/ f] qm] ;L s/ tL x} . oBlk k|wfgdGqL sf] O{/ fnf sL sfdsf/ jfxL …8\ofl;ªÚ gxL+ lbvtL, lkm/ eL j] k|wfgdGqL kb s] lnP pko'Qm gxL+ x} , P] ;f gxL+ sxf hf ;stf . Ps sxfjt x} – zdf{g] jfnL ul0fsf -j] Zof_ ;Gtf] ifL / fhf cf} / nfnrL a|fXd0f sf ktg xf] tf x} . xd nf] uf] + s] k|wfgdGqL ;fdfGo sfdsfh ;] xL ;Gt'i6 lbvt] x} +, P] ;f gxL+ xf] gf rflxP . pgsL lgliqmotf s] sf/ 0f d] + pgsf / f] u xL k|d'v tTj x} , P] ;f gxL+ dfgf hf ;stf . ef/ t s] blIf0fL / fHo tldngf8" s] ;jf{lws nf] slk|o d'VodGqL tyf rlr{t cleg] tf PdhL / fdrGb|g jiff] {{ + ts la5fjg d] + k8Þ] / x] cf} / d'VodGqL sf sfo{ef/ eL ;Defnt] / x] . pgs] g] t[Tj sL cfnf] rgf sxL+ gxL+ x'O{ . cd] l/ sf s] rlr{t nf] slk|o

;kmn / fi6«klt k|m] +slng l8nf] gf] ?Hj] N6 kIff3ft s] lzsf/ x'P y] . pgs] bf] gf] + k} / d] + jhgbf/ l: 6n / f‘8 nufof uof yf . lkm/ eL jiff] {+ ts pGxf] +g] b] z sf zf;g rnfof . Otgf xL gxL+, b";/ ] ljZjo'4 d] + j] xL/ f] ;flat x'P cf} / pGxf] +g] cd] l/ sf sf] ljZj d] + ;jf{lws zlQmzfnL / fi6« agfof . pGx] + kIff3ft x} cf} / rng] d] + eL pgsf] sl7gfO{ x} , O; aft sL hfgsf/ L ax't afb d] + nf] uf] + sf] ldnL . k8Þf] ;L ef/ t d] + s] Gb|Lo ;/ sf/ d] + af/ af/ dGqL ag] P;= ho;jfn / ] 8\8L lXjnr] o/ sL ;xfot ;] rnt] y] . n] lsg x/ ] s ;/ sf/ d] + j] k|efjsf/ L dGqL ;flat x'P . g] kfn d] + eL k|wfgdGqL ax't] / ] x'P n] lsg g] kfnL hgtf sL cf] / ;] lhtgL k|z+;f s[i0fk|;fb e§/ fO{ s] g] t[TjjfnL Ps jifL{o cGtl/ d ;/ sf/ cf} / dgdf] xg clwsf/ L s] g] t[TjjfnL gf} dxLg] sL Pdfn] ;/ sf/ sf] k|fKt x'O{, ptgL cGo ;/ sf/ sf] k|z+;f gxL+ ldnL . ;/ sf/ sf d"Nof+sg hglxt d] + p;g] lstgf sfd lsof, p;;] xf] tf x} . s';L{ d] + l6s] / xg] sL cjlw ;] gxL+ . O; ;do k|wfgdGqL sf] O/ fnf sf] b[9 lgZro s] ;fy ;xL dfu{ k/ cfu] a9Þt] hfgf rflxP . pg;] eL a8ÞL pd/ s] nf] u g] kfn d] + k|wfgdGqL x'P x+} . olb b] z sf] ;xL lbzf k|bfg s/ g] d] + j] ckg] sf] ;Ifd gxL+ kft] , ckgL kf6L{ s] cGb/ ;] c;xof] u ldn / xf x} cf} / u7aGwg s] ;xof] uL bn eL O{dfgbf/ Lk"j{s ;xof] u cf} / ;dy{g gxL+ s/ / x] x} + tf] P] ;L …zNo k|j[lQÚ jfnf] + sL eL8Þ d] + a} 7] / xg] ;] kb Tofu s/ b] gf xL plrt xf] uf . Ps zNo s] sf/ 0f dxfjL/ s0f{ h} ;] of] 4f sf] dxfef/ t d] + d'Fx sL vfgL k8ÞL tf] ax't ;f/ ] zNo s] 3] / ] d] + / xg] jfn] jof] j[4 sf] O/ fnf ckg] sf] s} ;] hLljt / v kfP+u] Û


ljrf/

;+lawfg ;ef Ps d] + cxd ls/ bf/ lgefg] jfn] dfcf] afbL

cf} / dw] zL kf6L{ sf] kL5] 5f] 8Þt] x'o] b";/ ] ;+lawfg ;ef d+] sf+u] |; cf} / Pdfn] Ps ;] km d] Hof] ] l/ 6Ls] ;fy cfP x+} . dw] zL cf} / dfcf] jflbcf] + sf] tf] dfgf] Ps ;bdf nu uof xf] . r'gfa s] $÷% dxLg] afb ts k"/ L t/ x ;] a] / f] huf/ xf] uo] y] dfcf] jfbL cf} / dw] ;L . oF" sx] + tf] / fhgLlts ;'/ ;] e6s / x] y] . dw] ;L kf6L{ s] tyfslyt dxf/ yL 7fs'/ , dxtf] cf} / ofba s] åf/ f k"/ L g xf] g] jfnL Pstf s] ;'/ sf] cfnfkgf z'? lsof uof . cf} / O; dfdn] d] + eL pgsf / fu a] ;'/ f

xL ;flat x'cf . b";/ L cf] / xd cu/ dfcf] jfbL sL aft s/ ] + tf] pgsf xfn eL s'5 j} ;f xL b] vg] sf] ldnf . la/ f6gu/ ;Dd] ng dfcf] afbL s] lnP Ps ckzu'g xL / xf . kf6L{ s] eLt/ rn / x] u'6 pk–u'6 sL / fhgLlt ;/ r9Þ s/ af] ng] nuL . ;bf ;dfgfGt/ zlSt sL aft s/ g] afn] afa'/ fd e6\/ fO{ tf] goL zlSt sL jsfnt s/ gf z'? s/ lbo] . s'n ldnfs/ b] vf hfo tf] dfcf] jfbL ckg]L kf6L{ d] + rn / x] cGt/ åGå sf] ;'nemfg] d] + Jo: t lbv] . sO{ lx: ;f] + d+] aF6 r's] dfcf] jfbL lkm/ ;] km"6 s] suf/ k/ lbv / x] y] cf} / x} + . $÷% dxLg] ts k"/ L t/ x ;] a] / f] huf/ / x] dfcf] jfbL ckgf ;f/ f ;] s] G8, ldg] 6 cf} / 306f kf6L{ sf] km"6g] ;] arfg] d] + uFjf lbP . hxf “ ts d] / f dfggf x} , O; df] rf{ sf] bf] efuf] + d] + afF6 s/ b] vgf rflxP . dw] zL cf} / dfcf] jfbL .

dw] zL M ox tf] ;a sf] ktf x} ls lk5n] ;+lawfg ;ef s] r'gfa d+] gf6sLo 9+u ;] cR5] ax'dt nfg] jfn] dw] ;L bn zt k|ltzt ;Qf d] + l;d6s/ / x uo] y] . j] tf] l;km{ ((Ü ;Qf d] + ;dlk{t / x] af “sL sf !Ü dw] zL hgtf sf] cGwsf/ d+] / vg] s] lno] æPs dw] ; Ps k|b] zÆ sf gf/ f nuft] / x] . l;km{ Ps k|ltzt sL Wjlg dw] zL hgtf s] sfgf] + sf] gxL+ 5" ;sL cf} / O; aft sf] b";/ ] ;+lawfg ;ef s] r'gfj d] + dw] ;L hgtf åf/ f k|dfl0ft eL s/ lbof uof . ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + ckgL pkl: ylt b] v s/ dw] ;L bn sf] ha/ b: t wSsf nuf p;;] jf] cfh ts gxL+ pa/ kfP x} + . l8lkm6 ;fO{snf] hL ;] l3/ r's] dw] zL bn sf] s'5 / f: tf gxL+ ldn / xf yf . ckg] cfksf] dw] zL / fhgLlt s] lbUuh sxg] jfnf] + g] tf] nflhDkf6sf bf} / f eL nufgf z'? s/ lbof yf . k/ Gt' cGt/ kf6L{ ;+3if{ d] + / x] nflhDkf6 ;d|f6 k|r08 åf/ f u|Lg

l;Ugn gf ldng] s] sf/ 0f k|tLIff d+] lbj; uFjft] / x] . ha h'nfO{ !) sf] nflhDkf6 ;] df] rf{aGbL s] lno] km/ dfg hf/ L x'cf tf] P] ;f nuf h} ;] ls ls;L ;Ll/ o; d/ Lh sf] j] G6Ln] 6/ ldn uof xf] . dfgf] pgd] k|f0f cf uof xf] . dfcf] jfbL s] ;fy df] rf{aGbL s] lno] t} of/ xf] uo] , ox e"n uo] ls Ogsf] kxnf df] rf{ dw] ;L hgtf s] ;fy agfgf x} . df] rf{ sL cf8Þ d+] 5'ks/ lkm/ ;] dw] ;L hgtf sf] e"ne'n} of sL / fhgLlt d] + / vgf rfxt] x} + .

dfcf] jfbL M dft[sf cf} / df] xg j} B åf/ f kf6L{ 5f] 8Þg] s] afb k|r08 ckg] cfksf] sdhf] / ;demg] nu] y] . afa'/ fd e6\6/ fO{ s] åf/ f gO{ kf6L{ s] lgdf{0f s/ g] sL aft g] tf] pGx] + sxL+ sf gxL 5f] 8Þf . afa'/ fd sL eL Ps ckgL xL / fhgLlt / xL x} . dfcf] jfbL hgo'¢sfn ;] xL kf6L{ d+] ckgL cnu cl: tTj sL tnfz d] + nu] x} +

n] lsg Ogsf] zfob ckgL d+lhn b"/ gh/ cf / xL x} , zfob oxL sf/ 0f xf] ;stf x} , e6\6/ fO{ hL goL zlSt sL tnfz d+] nu] x+} . P] ;L cj: yf d+] ckg] cfksf] k|dfl0ft s/ g] s] lno] k|r08 sf] df] rf{ ;] cR5L a} ;fvL zfob ldntL eL gxL+ . lk5nL ;+lawfg ;ef d] + dw] ;L bnf] + s] ;fy df] rf{ sL / fhgLlt s/ r's] k|r08 sf] lkm/ ;] df] rf{ agfg] d] sf] O{ d;Sst eL gxL+ s/ gL k8ÞL . Ps P]nfg k/ dw] ;L bn k|r08M z/ 0fd uR5fld xf] uo] . cf} / k|r08 s] g] t[Tj d] + df] rf{ u7g lso] . k|r08 cf} / eL dfcf] jfbL g] tfcf] s] ;fy sfo{ut Pstf lsP x} + , Og ;eL df] rf{ cf} / Pstf d] + k|r08 xL s] Gb| d] + / x] x} + . k|r08 ls;L t/ x eL g] kfnL / fhgLlt d] + ckg] cfksf] cl: tTj d] / vgf rfx / x] x} + .

df] rf{ cf} / dw] zL / fhgLlt M dw] ;L bn cu/ dw] ;L hgtf s] ;fy df] rf{ gxL+ agfg] d] + nu] tf] ox Ps ;xL sbd seL

gxL+ xf] ;stf . ca cfu] b] vgf x} , dw] ;L bn O; df] rf{ s] dNxf/ sf] lstg] ;'/ d] + ;hf ;st] x} + . O; d'b\b] k/ dfgj clwsf/ sdL{ tyf jsLn bLk] Gb| emf sf dfggf x} ls, dw] zL g] tfcf] + sf] O; df] rf{ ;] clws ;] clws n'Tkm p7fgf rflxo] . pgsf dfggf x} ls en] xL ox df] rf{ l8lkm6 ;fO{snf] hL ;] l3/ ] g] tfcf] + s] aLr x'cf xf] n] lsg xd+] O; s] p2] Zo s] af/ ] d+] ;demgf xf] uf . jsLn emf s] cg'';f/ , O; df] rf{ sf k|yd p2] Zo ;+3Lotf kIfw/ f+] sf] Ps hux v8Þf s/ ;+3Lotf lj/ f] lwof] + sf] va/ bf/ s/ fgf x} . pgsL dfg] + tf] O; df] rf{ s] u7g s] t'/ Gt afb ;] xL ;/ sf/ d] + / x] sf+u] |; cf} / Pdfn] sf] ax't a'/ f em6sf nuf x} . j] ;f] rg] nu] x} + ls, cu/ kxrfg ;lxt sL ;+3Lotf s] pk/ sf] O{ av] 8Þf v8f x'cf tf] b] z d] + clgi6 xf] ;stf x} .

/0fwL/ rf} w/L

df] rf{ sf dNxf/

s'5 lbgf] + ;] / fi6«Lo : t/ sL kqklqsfcf] + d] + hgsk'/ sL aft] + 5ktL cf / xL

x} + . hgsk'/ sf ljsf; cj?4 x} . s'5 eL gxL+ xf] kf / xf x} . tL; jif{ kxn] hf] cj: yf yL, cfh eL jxL x} .

oxfF s[lifof] Uo hdLg kof{Kt x} . O;] cGg sf e08f/ sxf hftf x} . k/ l;rfO{ sL c;'ljwf s] sf/ 0f ;eL a] sf/ x} . ;8Þs, gfnf cf} / P] ltxfl;s kf] v/ f] + sL cj: yf lrGtgLo x} . ufFjf] + d] + s'5 kl/ j{tg tf] cfof k/ hgsk'/ zx/ Hof] + sf Tof] + x} . hgsk'/ l;u/ ] 6 sf/ vfgf b] vt] b] vt] ph8Þ uof . jxL xfn hgsk'/ / ] nj] cyf{t\ g] kfn / ] nj] sf x} .

Ps 5f] 6] ;] ufFj d] + ljsf; ah6 b; nfv, aL; nfv ts ;/ sf/ b] tL x} , k/ hgsk'/ s] lnP Sof ox ah6 gxL+ x} < cu/ sf] O{ ah6 gxL+ x} tf] xd df} g j|t n] s/ Sof] + a} 7] x} < gu/ kflnsf d+] a[xQ/ hgsk'/ s] gfd k/ s/ f] 8Þf] + sf ah6 cfof x} . k} ;f cfof tf] sxfF uof < afx/ s] nf] u xd k/ y"st] x} +, ox sx s/

ls hgsk'/ s] gful/ s lstg] nfk/ jfx x} + . a'l4hLjL sxnfg] jfn] s} ;] hLj x+} < jxfF sL / fhgLlt s} ;L x} < ;eL s] ;eL r] tgfljxLg x} + Sof < ;/ sf/ L ah6 sf] O{ Ps JolQm vf–kL s/ a} 7 hftf x} . k/ jxFFf

s] gful/ s s'5 af] nt] gxL+ x+} . a8Þ] uj{ ;] sxt] , lkm/ t] x} +– xd sf] Sof dtnj . lstg] b'Mv sL aft x} . ;/ sf/ eL r'k cf} / hgtf eL r'k .

jxL ah6 e} / xjf d] + eL x} , a'6an d] + eL x} . n] lsg oxfF sf ljsf; b] v s/ dg v'z xf] hftf x} . oxfF k} ;] sf ;b'kof] u x'cf x} . ;/ sf/ L ah6 k/ hgtf sL gh/ x} . ;8Þs k/ l;d] G6, afn" ldnft] jQm Ps cfd cfbdL v8Þf xf] s/ ox b] vtf x} ls Sjfln6L 7Ls x} of gxL+ . gflnofF hfd x+} tf] t'/ Gt O; aft sL va/ ;DalGwt lgsfo ts xf] hftL x} . O;sL d/ Ddt eL tTsfn xf] hftL x} . e} / xjf a'6jn sf] hgsk'/ ;] t'ngf lsof hfo tf] ljsf; sL aftf] + d] + ax't cGt/ x} . oxfF eL j[xQ/ hgsk'/ ljsf; kl/ ifb sL t/ x n'lDagL ljsf; kl/ ifb\ x} . k/ n'lDagL ljsf; kl/ ifb\ sf sfd cR5f x} cf} / hgsk'/ sL aft dt k"l5P .

hgsk'/ If] q s] lgjf;L cd/ gfy sxt] x+} – …hgsk'/ g/ sk'/ x} . Sof x}

8L=h]= d}lyn

e} / xjf a'6jn sf] hgsk'/ ;] t'ngf lsof hfo tf] ljsf; sL aftf] + d] + ax't cGt/ x} . oxfF eL j[xQ/ hgsk'/ ljsf; kl/ ifb sL t/ x n'lDagL ljsf; kl/ ifb\ x} . k/ n'lDagL ljsf; kl/ ifb\ sf sfd cR5f x} cf} / hgsk'/ sL aft dt k"l5P .

ljZn]if0f

ljlsf; sL bf}8 Þ d]+ lk58 Þf hgsk'/


hgsk'/ d] + < ;8Þs hh{/ , gfn] sxL+ x} xL+ gxL+ . a/ ;ft d] + 3/ 3/ d] + kfgL 3'; hftf x} . ;/ sf/ L lgsfo df} g x} . hgtf eL xfy k/ xfy / v s/ a} 7 uO{ x} . Ps lbg eL hgsk'/ d] + 7x/ g] sL OR5f gxL+ xf] tL x} . O;lnP d} + e} / xjf 3/ agf s/ a; uof x"F, ;bf s] lnP .Ú

;+;f/ e/ d+] hgsk'/ sf] k|l;l4 k|fKt x} . dof{bf k'?iff] Qd eujfg >L / fd sf ;;'/ fn hgsk'/ wfd s} ;f xf] uf < nf] u cft] x} +. k/ hgsgu/ L sf] b] vs/ lg/ fz xf] hft] x} + . tL; jif{ ;] hgsk'/ sL cj: yf jxL x} , hf] kxn] yL . uGbuL cf} / dR5/ f] + ;] e/ L ox ldlynf sL kf} / fl0fs / fhwfgL …dR5/ sL / fhwfgLÚ s] ¿k d] + : yflkt xf] uO{ x} .

e} / xjf eL tf] g] kfn xL x} + . oxfF s] gful/ s eL g] kfnL xL x+} . ;/ sf/ sf hf] ah6 hgsk'/ d] + x} , jxL n'lDagL d] + eL x} . k/ e} / xjf, a'6jn h} ;] ;Dk"0f{ n'lDagL If] q sL gflnofF, ;8sf] + sL ;kmfO{ ;Gtf] ifhgs x} . ljsf; sf qmd hf/ L x} . xfy k/ xfy / v s/ oxfF sL hgtf a} 7L gxL+ x} . ljsf; sL cf] / ;eL sL gh/ x} . hgsk'/ If] q s] xL jf;L lkmnxfn e} / xjf d] + xL a; uP x} + . du/ b'ef{Uojz hgsk'/ d] + kl/ jt{g gxL+ xf] kf / xf x} .

hgsk'/ s] xL sGx} of e} / xjf d] + gf} s/ L s/ t] x} . pgsf eL sxgf x} ls j] eL e} / xjf d] + xL 3/ agfP+u] . hgsk'/ sL uGbuL cf} / dR5/ bf] gf] + k|l;4 x} + . hgtf cr] t x} . O;lnP hgsk'/ d] + / xg] sL OR5f gxL+ x} . kl/ jt{g x'cf tf] ljrf/ s/ +] u] .

e} / xjf n'lDagL If] q -g] kfn_ sf s] Gb| laGb' x} . a'6jn eL O;L If] q s] cGtu{t x} . O; hux s] ljsf; sf] hgsk'/ ;] t'ngf s/ g] k/ hdLg–cfsfz sf kms{ lbvfO{ b] tf x} . l;km{ ;8Þs cf} / gfn] sL aft gxL+ x} . oxfF jftfj/ 0f eL cR5f x} . a'6jn–e} / xjf ;] ;'gf} nL ts kmf] / nfOg kSsL ;8Þs ag / xL x} . lgdf{0f sfo{ hf] / –zf] / ;] rn / xf x} . ;/ sf/ sf ah6 ;xL 9+u ;] O: t] dfn xf] / xf x} . ox If] q vf; s/ s] uf} td a'4 s] gfd ;] k|l;4 x} . n'lDagL xL uf} td a'4 sf hGd : yfg x} . lh; t/ x dfF hfgsL sL hGde"ld hgsk'/ x} . O; If] q s] : s'n, sf‘n] h, pBf] u, xjfO{dfu{, / ] nj] u|fp08, rf} s–rf} / Þfxf ;eL sf gfd a'4, n'lDagL, l;4fy{ s] xL gfd k/ cS;/ b] vf hf / xf x} . oxfF sL : yfgLo efiff cjwL x} k/ lxGbL cf} / g] kfnL efifL eL sd gxL+ x+} . O; dfdn] d] + eL e} / xjf–hgsk'/ ;] cfu] x} . efiff–;+: s[lt s] k|lt

;eL gful/ s ;r] t x} + . oxfF a] / f] huf/ L sd x} . v] t–v] t d] + l;rfO{ sL ;'ljwf x} . x/ f–e/ f x} n'lDagL If] q, k/ hgsk'/ If] q ceL eL em"7 sL v] tL d] + nuf x} . JolQmut aft+] s/ g] d] + ;a t] h t/ f{/ x} + k/ ;fd"lxs sfd d] + laNs'n gfsf/ f .

ox eL sxf hftf x} – …lj/ f6gu/ d] + h"6 v] tL, jL/ u+h d] + rLgL v] tL cf} / hgsk'/ d] + em"7 v] tL .Ú ;rd'r hgsk'/ d] + em"7 sL v] tL xL xf] tL x} . gxL+ tf] Otg] ;fnf] + ;] ljsf; Sof] + gxL+ x'cf < a8Þ] –a8Þ] g] tf hgsk'/ d] + x+} . ;eL a8ÞL–a8ÞL aft] + s/ t] x} + . k/ ;Totf ls;L d] + eL gxL+ x} . ;a sL aft] + em"7 ;flat xf] / xL x} + . Otg] lbgf] + ;] / fhgLlts bnf] + g] hgsk'/ d] + Sof lsof < e} / xjf sL t'ngf d] + s'5 gxL+ . n'DagL ljsf; sf] if sL rrf{ ;eL hux x} . cR5f sfd xf] / xf x} . k/ a[xQ/ hgsk'/ If] q g] Sof lsof x} < cfh ;8Þs rf} 8ÞL s/ g] s] gfd k/ , kf] v/ ;f} Gbo{tf s] gfd k/ tf] 8Þkmf] 8Þ t] hL k/ x} . ;8Þs rf} 8L s/ gf cR5L aft x} . k/ l;km{ O;L sfd d] + ljsf; ;Lldt g / x hfP O;L sf 8/ x} .

ceL g] kfn sf ufFj–ufFj, zx/ –zx/ v'nf lbzfd'Qm If] q 3f] lift lsof hf / xf x} . cR5L aft x} . O;;] r] tgf a9Þ / xL x} . ;kmfO{ eL cR5L lbv / xL x} . k/ hgsk'/ If] q d] + zf} rs] Gb| ljsf; xf] / xf x} . lb;fd'Qm s] abn] lb;f ljsf; If] q ag / xf x} . O; aft sf hgsk'/ d] + sf] O{ c;/ gxL+ x} . ;kmfO{ sL t/ km sf] O{ ;f] r gxL+ cf / xL x} . O;;] eL hgsk'/ sdhf] / dfgl;stf sf s] Gb| ;flat xf] tf x} .

Ps / fi6«Lo : t/ sL klqsf d] + t'nfgf/ fo0f ;fx sf n] v k9Þf . …ho hgsk'/ Ú sx s/ s'5 aft] lnvL yL+ . ljsf; xf] / xf x} , ;8Þs eL lgdf{0f xf] / xL x} . k/ ox aft ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f sL aft] + h} ;L x} . ag / xL x} , ag / xL x} k/ kl/ 0ffd

z"Go x} . n] vs aGw'cf] + ;] cfu|x x} – x/ f rZdf nuf s/ hgsk'/ sf] dt b] v] + . jf: tljs aft] + xd gxL+ lnv] +u] tf] b";/ f sf} g lnv] uf <

k~rfot sfn ;] cfh ts hgsk'/ s] gful/ sf] + sL oxL a'/ L cfbt x} . jxL g] tf sf] jf] 6 b] tf x} . jxL g] tf sf] b] jtf dfgtf x} . On] S;g s] ;do g] tf s'5 sfo{stf{cf] + sf] lvnf–lknf b] t] x} +, uf8L k/ r9Þf n] t] x} + . a; O;L aft ;] hgtf v'z cf} / ;Gt'i6 . ljsf; sf sfd hfP e+f8Þ d] + . s'5 xf] of gxL+, O;;] sf] O{ kms{ gxL+ k8Þtf x} hgtf sf] . O;L sf] r] tgf sL sdL sxf hftf x} . b'ef{Uo sL aft x} .

O;L hux k/ s'5 jif{ ts z] / ] wg'iff sx] hfg] jfnf] + g] dgrfxf / fh lsof . klt–kTgL bf] gf] + g] / fhf–/ fgL sL t/ x / fh lsof . hgtf pgsL ho–hosf/ dgftL / xL . k/ ljsf; s] gfd k/ s'5 gxL+ lsof uof . O;L hux k/ dx] Gb|gf/ fo0f lglw cf} / ljdn] Gb| lglw jiff] {+ ;] hLt xfl;n s/ / x] x+} . hgtf sf ljZjf; hLtg] d] + ;kmn / x] x} + . O; If] q s] ;kmn gfos x+} j] , k/ b'ef{Uojz ljsf; cf} / kl/ jt{g s] gfd k/ s'5 gxL+ . / fhlif{ hgs o'lgel;{6L lglw gxL+ agf kfo] , hals v'b j] lzIffdGqL eL / x] y] . Sof sf/ 0f x} , O;sL ;kmfO{ pGx] + b] gL xf] uL hgtf s] ;dIf . 8f= / fdj/ 0f ofbj O;L If] q s] / fi6«klt x} + . lkm/ eL hgsk'/ d] + sf] O{ eL ljsf;d"ns kl/ jt{g gxL+ x'cf . lkm/ eL hgtf pGxL+ sL ho–hosf/ s/ tL x} . pGxL+ sf] …n+u nfOkmÚ / xg] sf ;l6{lkms] 6 hgtf g] b] lbof x} . ;eL ;r] t gful/ sf] + åf/ f ckgL / fhgLlt ;] pmk/ p7 s/ If] q sf ;fd"lxs ljsf; s} ;] xf] uf, O; k/ lrGtg–dgg cf} / sfof{Gjog cljnDa xf] gf rflxP . ta sf] O{ aft ag] uL cf} / ta hgsk'/ sf P] ltxfl;s cf} / wfld{s dxTj a/ s/ f/ / x ;stf x} .

ljZn]if0f

# cu: t @))$ sL ;'ax k|s[lt s] sx/ g] Ps af/ lkm/ ox htf lbof ls dfgj cf} / lj1fg rfx] lstgL eL t/ SsL Sof] + gf s/ n] k|s[lt s] ;fdg] jx ljjz xf] hftf x} . ha ljgfz xdf/ ] b/ jfh] k/ b: ts b] b] tf x} , tf] xd a} r] g xf] hft] x} + cf} / p;;] lgsng] sf dfu{ 9"F9Þt] x} + lsGt' ;do / xt] g tf] JolSt ;hu xf] tf x} cf} / g xL / fi6« . ;r tf] ox x} ls cu/ g] kfn k/ sf] O{ eL cfkbf cftL x} tf] p;sf sf] O{ lg/ fs/ 0f xdf/ ] ;dIf gxL+ x} . p;;] arg] sL sf] O{ t} of/ L xdf/ ] kf; gxL+ x} . Ps qf;bL sf] b] z em] n / xf x} cf} / Oaf] nf gfd sL cfkbf x/ cf] / b: ts b] g] sf] t} of/ x} . x/ / f] h O;;] h'8ÞL va/ ] + cf / xL x} + lsGt' g] kfn ;/ sf/ sL cf] / ;] sf] O{ k'Vtf O+thfd gxL+ xf] kf / xf x} . lrlsT;sf] + sf dfggf x} ls cu/ Oaf] nf ;+qmldt Ps / f] uL eL b] z d] + cf hfo tf] dxfdf/ L km} n ;stL x} . k8Þf] ;L b] z ef/ t d] + O;;] ;DalGwt / f] uL ldn eL r's] x} + . lsGt' O; aft sf c;/ : jf: Yo d+qfno k/ gxL+ lbv / xf .

l;Gw'kfnrf] s dfªvf ufFj s] h'/ ] d] + cfO{ k|fs[lts cfkbf ;] b] z h"em / xf x} . ;'gsf] zL gbL d] + kfgL s] axfj s] ?s hfg] sL jhx ;] Ps a8ÞL qf;bL sf ;+s] t ldn / xf x} . If0f e/ d] + xL g hfg] lstg] nf] u O; qf;bL sf lzsf/ xf] uP . lstgf] + g] ckgf] + sf] vf] lbof . lstg] 3/ ph8Þ uP . ;/ sf/ hf] eL xtfxtf] + sL ;+Vof atf / xL x} , lgM;+b] x l: ylt p;;] eL clws eofjx x} . dfªvf cf} / / fDr] s] aLr

h'/ ] d] + ;'gsf] zL gbL d] + kxf8Þ s] lu/ g] ;] gbL aGb xf] uO{ x} cf} / Ps a8Þf tfn ag uof x} . lh;s] sf/ 0f cf;–kf; s] xhf/ f] + ufFj jfn] ;'/ lIft : yfg sL cf] / rn] uP x} + . ;] gf s] k|of; ;] lj: kmf] 6 sf ;xf/ f n] s/ kfgL s] axfj sf] vf] nf uof x} . k/ clj/ n jiff{ s] sf/ 0f vt/ f agf x'cf x} . 36gf / ft d] + x'O{, O;lnP ufFj jfn] Hofbf k|efljt x'P . O; 36gf d] + $% d] ufjf6 s] ef] 6] sf] zL hnljB't cfof] hgf s] $ 6«f+;ldzg 6fj/ eL ax uP x} + . lh;sL jhx ;] pTkfbg aGb x} . gbL hfd xf] g] s] sf/ 0f bf] nfn3f6, e'Dn'6f/ , ;flk+ª, kmnf6] , sf] ;Lb] vf, sf] nftL e'Dn', ;: o'+vs{, latf{b] p/ fnL, ;/ dynL, sflQs] o b] p/ fnL, af] Nb] km] bLr] , dfbg s'F8f/ L cf} / 7"nf] k;] {n s] nueu bf] xhf/ a: tL vt/ ] d] + x} + .

Otgf xL gxL+ O;sL jhx ;] k"j{ s] ;ft lhn] eL k|efljt xf] / x] x} + . 8/ agf x'cf x} cf} / ufFjjfn] lr+tf cf} / eo s] ;fP d] + ;do latfg] sf] afWo x} + . cu/ ;'gsf] zL sf ?sf kfgL crfgs ckgL ult sf] ks8Þtf x} tf] l: ylt cToGt eofjx xf] hfPuL . aaf{bL sf c+bfhf gxL+ nufof hf ;stf x} . kfgL s] pRr axfj d] + cf] vn9'+uf, l;Gw'nL, / fd] 5fk,

pbok'/ , vf] 6f+u, ef] hk'/ , wgs'6f, ;'g;/ L cf} / ;Kt/ L s] &^ ufFj O;sL rk] 6 d] + cf hfPFu] . ;Ktsf] zL s] cf;kf; s] If] q sf] ;+s6u|: t If] q 3f] lift lsof hf r'sf x} , ufFj jfn] lj: yflkt xf] r's] x} + . k/ ;jfn p7tf x} ls sa ts ckg] 3/ af/ sf] 5f] 8Þs/ / xf hf ;stf x} . l: ylt sL eofjxtf sf c+bfhf O;L aft ;] nufof hf ;stf x} ls sf] zL a} / ] h s] lgdf{0f s] krf; jif{ afb O;s] ;eL %^ b/ jfh] kxnL af/ vf] n] uP x} + . kxn] sf] zL a} / ] h sL Ifdtf !@ nfv Sof]l;s kfgL lgoGq0f sL yL lsGt', ;do s] ;fy 36t] –36t] sO{ Ps sf/ 0ff] + ;] O;sL lgoGq0f Ifdtf 36tL rnL uO{ x} . cfhsn @ nfv So";] s kfgL s] axfj s] ;fy xL ;ts{tf ;"rs em+8f lbvf lbof hftf x} . laxf/ ;Ldf ;] ;6] sO{ If] q O; cfkbf ;] a'/ L t/ x k|efljt xf] ;st] x} + . lk5nL af/ sL af9Þ g] ;} s8Þf] + Ps8Þ hdLg sf] a+h/ agf lbof yf . hfgdfn sL Iflt sf tf] c+bfhf xL gxL+ nufof hf ;stf . p; ljkbf sf] cfh eL sf] zL If] q s] lgjf;L e"n gxL+ kfP x} + oxL sf/ 0f x} ls O; af/ ef/ t ;/ sf/ cf} / laxf/ ;/ sf/ g] kxn] ;] xL ;+s6 ;] h"emg]

;Ktsf] zL sf sx/

lxdflngL ljz]if

;Ktsf] zL s] cf;kf; s] If] q sf] ;+s6u|: t If] q 3f] lift lsof hf r'sf x} , ufFj jfn] lj: yflkt xf] r's] x} + . k/ ;jfn p7tf x} ls

sa ts ckg] 3/ af/ sf] 5f] 8 Þs/ / xf hf ;stf x} .

cfkbf


cfkbf

sL t} of/ L s/ nL x} .g] kfn ;/ sf/ g] eL ;'gsf] zL s] kLl8Þtf] +

s] lnP cfjZos ;xfotf cf} / / fxt sf sfd z'? s/ / vf x} . lsGt' l: ylt sL eofjxtf cf} / uDeL/ tf sf] b] vt] x'P ;/ sf/ s] sbd d] + tTk/ tf gxL+ lbv / xL x} . lhtgL t} of/ L cf} / ;xfotf sL cfjZostf x} , jx gh/ gxL+ cf / xL .

b] z x/ jif{ k|s[lt sL O; df/ sf] em] ntf x} . h'/ ] ;] s'5 pmk/ u'Dyf+u d] + afl/ z ax't

xf] tL x} . ox If] q e"sDkLo b[li6sf] 0f ;] eL hf] lvdk"0f{ x} . kfgL s] ax't k8Þg] ;] hdLg untL x} cf} / p;s] afb xL kxf8Þ w;g] of lu/ g] sL ;Defjgf clws xf] hftL x} . ljz] if1 dfgt] x} + ls lk5n] jif{ xL oxfF sL hdLg sdhf] / xf] uO{ yL, lh;s] sf/ 0f pmk/ ;] cfP r6\6fg sf] hdLg / f] s gxL+ kfO{ cf} / k"/ L t] hL s] ;fy Ps xL af/ kxf8Þ gLr] lu/ uof . a'9ÞL u08sL, dfbL, klZrd ;] tL h} ;] b] z d] + sd ;] sd @) ;] @% : yfg P] ;] x} +,

hxfF P] ;L b'3{6gf xf] g] sL ;Defjgf xd] zf agL x'O{ / xtL x} . lk5n] jif{ Effb| @! ut] dxfef/ t cf} / e] 8] 6f/ d] + crfgs kxf8Þ lu/ g] sL jhx ;] b] vt] xL b] vt] a: tL ax uO{ yL . e/ tk'/ , gf/ fo0fu9, gfu9'+uf ;8Þs If] q xd] zf jiff{ofd d] + O; qf;bL ;] u|: t / xt] x} + . ljut d] + sxfF–sxfF P] ;L 36gfPF x'O{ x} + O;sf cWoog s/ hnfwf/ ;+/ If0f k/ Wofg b] g] sL cfjZostf x} . gbL t6Lo If] q d] + b] z s] sO{ xfO8«f] kfj/ x} + hf] O;s] rk] 6 d] + cf hft] x} +

af9Þ sf sx/ , abxfn lhGbuL

ljgo bLlIft÷g]kfnu+h

lhn] sL / fKtL gbL d] + lk5n] Ps bzs ;] jiff{t s] df} ;d d] +

lg/ Gt/ af9 b: ts b] tL / xtL x} , n] lsg O; jif{ hf] af9Þ >fj0f @( ut] cfO{ p;g] lk5n] sO{ jiff] {+ s] tYosf] / f} +bs/ / v lbof . clws+fz P] ;] ufFj 8"a] x} +, hf] lk5nL af9Þf] + d] + l;km{ ;fdfGo kfgL sf ;fdgf s/ t] y] . P] ;] ufjf] + d] + af9Þ ;] lgk6g] s] lnP k'Vtf tof/ L eL gxL+ yL, lh; s] sf/ 0f ck|Toflzt Iflt x'O{ .

jiff{t cf} / af9Þ s] kfgL g] afFs] cf} / alb{of lhnf s] ^) k|ltzt e"efu sf] hndUg s/ lbof . b] vt] xL+ b] vt] ;} s8Þf] + nf] uf] + sL hfg rnL uO{, xhf/ f] + a] 3/ cf} / e"v] xf] uP . cglugt kz'cf] + sL df} t x'O{, 3/ d] + e08f/ 0f lsof x'cf cgfh eL ;8Þ uof, cf} / ;/ sf/ g] tTsfnLg / fxt s] gfd k/ rGb k} s] 6 lj: s'6 cf} / r"/ f ljt/ 0f s/ ckgf kNnf emf8Þ lnof .

/ fi6«Lo dfgjclwsf/ cfof] u g] af9Þ kLl8Þtf] + s] k|lt : yfgLo k|zf;g åf/ f sL uO{ nfk/ jfxL sf] uDeL/ tf s] ;fy n] t] x'P j} ;] nf] uf] + sf] Jojl: yt af;, vfBfGg, sk8Þf, lzIff, : jf: Yo sL ;'lglZrttf sL dfu sL . jiff{t s] sf/ 0f l;Gw'kfNrf] s, vf] 6fª, afFs] , alb{of, ;'v] {t, bfª, s} nfnL, hfh/ sf] 6, l;/ xf, / f} tx6 h} ;] lhnf] + d] + ef/ L Iflt x'O{, ;} s8f] + nf] uf] + sL hfg] uO{+ cf} / xhf/ f] + a] 3/ xf] uP .

/ fi6«Lo dfgjclwsf/ cfof] u s] l/ kf] 6{ cg';f/ af9Þ s] sf/ 0f afFs] , alb{of cf} /

;'v] {t d] + !)% nf] uf] + sL df} t x'O{ . lh; d] + sl/ a !#^ nf] u nfktf atfP uP x} + . af9Þ d] + ljleGg ef} lts ;+/ rgf Wj+z xf] g] ;] $@ nf] u 3fon x'P cf} / @) xhf/ @ ;f} #( kl/ jf/ lj: yflkt x'P x} + .

!! xhf/ % ;o *$ 3/ Ifltu|: t x'P x} . af9Þ g] ufjf] +sf] tafx s/ lbof lhn] s] ags6\6L ufla;sf s6lxof, / dk'jf{, ltjf/ Lk'jf{, nf] wk'jf{, a] txgL sf gf} / Luf} 9ÞL, ;Gtlnof, xf] lnofsf] rf} km] / L, lkk/ xjf, 6] k/ L, sDbLsf d;xf, zfxk'jf{, ldngrf} s, ;"o{nfnk'/ , kmQ] k'/ sf l;wlgof, d] xdfgk'/ , emul8of, ;f] gk'/ , ;/ f{, u+ufk'/ sf ;f] gjiff{, bf] +b/ f, u+ufk'/ , ef] hk'/ , s'b/ a] 6jf, d6] lxofsf eujfgk'/ cf} / g] jfhL ufFj d] + af9Þ sf kfgL 3';g] s] sf/ 0f hghLjg c: tAo: t xf] uof .

sO{ P] ;] ufFjf] + d] + O; af/ kfgL 3'; uof x} , hxfF nf] uf] + sf] af9Þ sL pDdLb xL gxL+ yL . ;f] gjiff{, l;wlgof, ldng rf} s, a] txgL h} ;] sO{ ufFj x} + hxfF Ps bzs d] + af9Þ sf kfgL

3';g] sf / ] sf8{ gxL+ x} . df} ;d ljefu g] r] tfjgL bL yL sL # lbg ts eLif0f afl/ z xf] uL n] lsg ls;L g] af9Þ s] P] ;] d+h/ sL kl/ sNkgf gxL+ sL yL . @ lbg cf} / / ft bh{gf] + ufFj s] nf] uf] + g] 5t k/ ljgf s'5 vfP lkP xL / ft latfO{ . d/ Lhf] + cf} / aRrf] + sf cf} / eL a'/ f xfn yf .

r'gf} tL agtL : jf: Yo ;d: of af9Þ sf kfgL # lbg hdg] s] afb hux

vfnL x'cf, Ifltsf tf] cg'dfg nufgf eL d'lZsn x} . 3/ cf} / vfBfGg s] dfdn] d] + sO{ P] ;] ufFj x} +, hxfF s'5 eL gxL+ arf, nf] u b"/ b/ fh ufFj s] l/ : t] bf/ f] + sL ;xfotf n] / x] x} + . v} / af9Þ sf d+h/ s'5 ;'w/ f tf] nf] uf] + g] / fxt sL ;fF; nL cf} / ckg] 3/ f] + sL ;fkm–;kmfO{ d] + h'6] , # lbg ts hn e/ fj s] sf/ 0f rf/ f] t/ km uGbuL sf cfnd x} , : jR5 kfgLsf cefj x} . sO{ ufFj d] + vfgf ksfg] s] lnP ;"vL nsl8+of eL gxL+ ldntL .

af9Þ x6g] s] # lbg afb z'? x'cf a'vf/ sf sx/ , lhg ufFjf] + d] + hn e/ f yf, jxfF ^) kmL;bL nf] u ;+qmd0f sL rk] 6 d] + cfuP . h} ;] t} ;] d6] lxof uflj; l: yt eujfgk'/ cf} / g] jfhL ufFj d] + : jf: Yo l: yt sf] b] vt] x'P jxfF lrlsT;sf] + g] kmf} / g : jf: Yo lzlj/ ;+rfng lsof .

sl/ a !%) nf] uf] + sf : jf: Yo hfFrs/ nf} 6] d6] lxof : jf: Yo rf} sL s] OGrfh{ k|] d

a'9f g] atfo ls clwsfFz nf] uf] + d] + efO/ n a'vf/ x} . af9Þ s] sf/ 0f ;+qmldt vfgf vfg] s] sf/ 0f af9Þu|: t If] q d] + clwsfFz ufFj d] + a'vf/ sf sx/ x} . lhnf hg: jf: Yo sfof{no d] + af9Þu|: t If] q s] : jf: Yo rf} lsof] + sf] cn6{ s/ @$ 306] / f] u s] ;+qmd0f k/ gh/ agfP / vg] sL lxbfot bL .

hg: jf: Yo k|d'v hLjg dNn g] af9Þ kLl8t If] qf] +sf bf} / f lsof cf} / cfkftsfnLg l: ylt s] lnP kof{Kt bjf sL Aoj: yf sL .

lhn] d] + Iflt sL cj: yflhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no afFs] g]

lhn] d] + sl/ a ^ xhf/ # ;o #$ kl/ jf/ lj: yflkt xf] g] sf tYofFs ;fj{hlgs lsof x} . k|zf;sLo clws[t lji0f' ;fxgL g] atfof lhn] d] + Iflt sf tYofFs lg/ Gt/ a9Þ / xf x} cf} / p;L s] lx;fa ;] / fxt sf Joj: yfkg eL lsof hf / xf x} .

k|zf;g s] clen] v k/ gh/ 8Þfn] + tf] srgfk'/ @ lgjf;L ;] js ;'gf/ , xf] lnof ( lgjf;L ggd'g vfF, kmQ] k'/ lgjf;L ;u'gL yf?, sf] xnk'/ @ lgjf;L ljzfn bfxfn, srgfk'/ * lgjf;L k|ldnf las ;lxt Ps cf} / dlxnf sL af9Þ d] + 8"ag] ;] df} t xf] uO{ .

k|zf;g g] kmQ] k'/ @ lgjf;L ;Ltf/ fd / f9Þ, sNkgf / f9Þ, zflGt / f9Þ, nIdL / f9Þ cf} / p9Þ/ fk'/ lgjf;L k} ? ofbj sL af9Þ d] + df} t xf] uO{, P] ;f atfof . k|zf;g g] xjfO{ dfu{ ;] $ ufla; d] + ! xhf/ # ;o (! kl/ jf/

sf] / fxt ljt/ 0f lsof .efb| @ ut] ;f] djf/ xjfOdfu{ ;] xf] lnof

u+ufk'/ cf} / d6] lxof ufla; d] + # ;f} kl/ jf/ , kmQ] k'/ u+ufk'/ sDbL d] + # ;f} cf} / xf] lnof d] + ! ;f} kl/ jf/ sf] / fxt ;duL bL uO{ . a] txgL d] + @ ;f} , ags6\6L d] + @ ;f} +, sDbL d] + ! ;f} %) cf} / p9Þ/ fk'/ ufla; d] + ! ;f} %) kl/ jf/ sf] tTsfnLg / fxt k|bfg sL uO{ .

kmQ] k'/ d] + % ;f} !), l6l6lxl/ of d] + &% cf} / kmQ] k'/ sd} of 8fF8f d] + ! ;f} %) 3/ kl/ jf/ sf] k|zf;g g] / fxt pknAw s/ fof . af9Þ s] sf/ 0f g] / flgdflj srgfk'/ d] + @ ;f} %), hg;] jf dflj wgf} nL d] + ! xhf/ %%, g] / flgdflj ags6\6L zfxk'jf{ d] + *), g] / flgdflj ;f] gk'/ d] + (), kmQ] k'/ $ l: yt db/ ;f d] + %) cf} / ljleGg ;fj{hlgs ;8sf] + k/ *) nf] uf] + g] ckgL hfg arfO{ .

ls; g] lstgf ;xof] u lsof < af9Þu|: t If] q d] + p4f/ cf} / / fxt s]

lnP ljleGg ;xof] uL ;+: yfcf] + g] sbd cfu] a9Þfof . n] lsg lhn] s] tYofFs s] lx;fa ;] / fxt l;km{ cfwf xL xf] kfof . k|zf;gg] k|wfgdGqL / fxt sf] if tyf ljleGg ;/ sf/ L u} / ;/ sf/ L lgsfo ;] k'gM / fxt sf cfu|x lsof cf} / lkm/ eL nf] uf] + sf u': ;f / xft sL sdL s] sf/ 0f a9Þtf uof .

af9Þ kLl8tf] + sf] Go"gtd / fxt s] lnP eL sl/ a #% nfv ?ko] sL cfjZostf x'O{ . k|zf;sLo clws[t lji0f' ;fxgL g] Iflt sf

ljj/ 0f ;+sng s] ;fy tTsfnLg / fxt ljt/ 0f sf eL sfd hf/ L / vg] sf ;+s] t lbof .

/ fxt d] + Knfg g] kfn g] @ nfv, s] o/ g] kfn g] ! nfv, P8«f g] kfn g] ! nfv, ;] e b lrN8«] g g] ! nfv, lhnf ljsf; ;ldlt g] ! nfv %) xhf/ , la–u|'k g] ! nfv, uf] / vf o'gfO6] 8 : s"n sf] xnk'/ g] $$ xhf/ ! ;o ^) ?ko] sf ;xof] u lsof .

kmf] g cf} / ljB't 7Kkjiff{t s] sf/ 0f x'P hne/ fj d] +

g] kfnuGh gu/ kflnsf eL k|efljt x'cf . Go"/ f] 8, lqj] 0fL df] 8Þ, jL/ ] Gb| rf} s, ;] t' las rf} s, af} 4 u'Daf, a;kfs{, / fKtL/ f] 8 h} ;] If] qf] + d] + sfkmL hn e/ fj / xf, ljB't cf} / 6] nLkmf] g ;] jf eL cj?4 / xL .

/ fKtLkf/ If] q sf] hf] 8g] jfnf x'nfsL / fhdfu{ eL Wj: t xf] uof . sO{ : yfgf] + k/ ;8Þs s6fg s] sf/ 0f cfjfudg jflwt x} . / fKtL k'n s] kf; af9Þ g] ;8Þssf] sO{ v08f] + d] + ljeflht s/ lbof, ;fOlsn cf} / afOs s] cnfjf cGo sf] O{ eL jfxg cfjfudg gxL+ s/ ;st] .

sDbL s] : yfgLo kqsf/ ;"o{nfn ofbj g] k'n If] q s] kf; ljB't s] sl/ a !% vDa] Wj: t xf] g] sL hfgsf/ L bL, lh; sf/ 0f / fKtLkf/ kmQ] k'/ ljgf} gf nufot If] q d] + ljB't\ cj?4 x} . : yfgLo df] afOn 6fj/ f] + d] + hne/ fj s] sf/ 0f df] afOn g] 6js{ g] eL sfd s/ gf aGb s/ lbof x} .

Ogs] pmk/ Wofg b] g] cf} / O;s] lnP ;'/ Iff sL Joj: yf sL hfgL rflxP .

;/ sf/ sf] uDeL/ tf s] ;fy ;xfotf, 3fonf] + s] Onfh cf} / hf] nfktf x} +, pgsL vf] h s] lnP k|of;, a] 3/ x'P kLl8Þtf] + s] lnP cf>o sL Joj: yf k/ s] lGb|t xf] gf k8Þ] uf . ;/ sf/ L lgsfof] + sf] tTk/ tf cf} / ;lqmotf s] ;fy cfu] cfg] sL cfjZostf x} . of] + tf] u[xd+qL sL cWoIftf d] + s] Gb|Lo b} jLk|sf] k p4f/ ;ldlt sL a} 7s eL x'O{,

k|efljt If] q sf] ;+s6u|: t If] q 3f] lift s/ g] sL cf} krfl/ stf sf lgjf{x eL x'cf, s'5 cfjZos lg0f{o eL lnP uP lsGt', O;sL sfof{Gjg d] + hf] tTk/ tf xf] gL rflxP yL jx gxL+ x'O{ . b] z d] + ls;L a8ÞL cfkbf ;] h"emg] sL Ifdtf gxL+ x} , ox tf] hflx/ x} Sof] +ls, P] ;] cj;/ k/ eL b] z cGo k8Þf] ;L b] zf] + ;] xL ;xfotf sL pDdLb s/ tf x} . ;'gsf] zL d] + cfO{ O; cfkbf sL jhx ;] sO{ hnljB't–cfof] hgf k|efljt x'O{ x} + cf} / ljB't cfk"lt{

sd xf] uO{ x} cf} / nf] 8;] l8+u sL df/ eL a9Þ uO{ x} .

lk5n] s'5 lbgf] + d] + nuftf/ afl/ z sL jhx ;] ;Dk"0f{ b] z d] + qflx drL x'O{ x} . x/ cf] / xfxfsf/ drf x'cf x} . g] kfn sL k|fs[lts ;+/ rgf sL jhx ;] ox xd] zf hf] lvdk"0f{ cj: yf d] + x} O;lnP l;km{ b'3{6gfcf] + s] ;do O; k/ rrf{ g xf] s/ kxn] ;] xL ;hutf, ;'/ Iff cf} / ;ts{tf s] O+thfd k/ Wofg b] g] sL cfjZostf x} .

cfkbf


ck/fw

rlr{t 8f‘g lbg] z clwsf/ L …r/ LÚ sL df} t s] sf/ 0f g] kfnL

/ fhgLlt -ljz] iftM g] skf Pdfn] _ cf} / ck/ fw sL b'lgof s] lnP lk5nf dxLgf rlr{t / xf . k'ln; OGsfpG6/ d] + r/ L sL d[To' d] + lstgL ;Totf x} , ox sxgf sl7g x} . r/ L sL d[To' s] afb p;s] kl/ jf/ hg ceL zf] s d] + x} + . n] lsg ;j{;fwf/ 0f sf sxgf x} – hf] s'5 x'cf 7Ls xL x'cf . Sof] +ls r/ L P] ;f xL kfq yf, lh; s] ck/ fw ;] ;dfh cft+lst yf . O;LlnP tf] ;dflhs ;~hfn d] + ax'tf] + sL l6Kk0fL x} – d[To' ls;L s] lnP eL lk|o gxL+ x} , n] lsg ls;L sL d[To' k/ sf] O{ gxL+ / f] tf . aNsL nf] u cGb/ ;] v'z xL+ xf] t] + x} . ox syg r/ L sL d[To' s] k|lt nlIft x} .

n] lsg lj8Dagf Û g] kfnL / fhgLlt g] r/ L tyf pgs] h} ;] rl/ q jfnf] + sf] seL eL ck/ fwL s] ¿k d] + gxL+ lnof . O;lnP r/ L h} ;f JolQm sfg"gL ks8Þ ;] xd] zf artf / xf . P] ;] nf] u seL–sef/ k'ln; s] xTy] tf] r9Þt] x} +, n] lsg / fhgLlts bafj ;] hNbL xL a/ L s/ lbP hft] x} + . r/ L g] g] skf Pdfn] sL k"F5 ks8ÞL yL .

O;lnP jiff] { ts p; k/ sf] O{ sfg"gL sf/ jfxL gxL+ xf] ;sL . r/ L g] Pdfn] kf6L{ cWoIf s] kL cf] nL sf dg hLt lnof yf . O;LlnP p; sL u'08fubL{ sf] g] skf Pdfn] g] xd] zf gh/ cGbfh s/ tf cfof cf} / ;+/ If0f eL lbof .

O;sf cy{ ox gxL+ x} ls u'08fubL{ tyf ck/ fwL ;+/ If0f d] + l;km{ g] skf Pdfn] xL x} . Sof] +ls r/ L s] ;dfg cGo ck/ fwL ljleGg / fhgLlt bn d] + ;lqmo x} + . k|foM ;eL bn r'gfj hLtg] s] lnP tyf ckgf babaf sfod / vg] s] lnP P] ;] 8f‘g sf]

;+/ If0f k|bfg s/ t] x} . v} / , ut >fj0f @! ut] lbg] z clwsf/ L pkm{ …r/ LÚ sL k'ln; sf/ jfxL d] + d[To' xf] uO{ . p;s] afb / fhgLlts j[Q, ;'/ Iff lgsfo, ;~rf/ hut d] + cg] s rrf{–kl/ rrf{ hf/ L x} . O; 36gf d] + r/ L s] cnfjf g] skf Pdfn] s] s'5 ;ef;b, r/ L sL k|] ldsf v'Za" cf] nL, p;s] k"j{ k|] dL tyf r/ L s] bf] :t ck{0f sf] O/ fnf, k'ln; clwsf/ L s'd'b 9'+u] n k|d'v kfq s] ¿k d] + rrf{ d] + cfP x} + . r/ L sf kl/ jf/ , v'Za" cf] nL tyf g] skf Pdfn] , r/ L sL d[To' sf] k'ln; åf/ f x'P lgof] lht xTof sx / x] x+} . n] lsg r/ L sL d[To' s] kL5] pg s] cfk/ flws hLjg s] ;fy–;fy k|] d hLjg eL Ps k|d'v sf/ 0f lbv / xf x} .

r/ L sL d[To' s] afb Pdfn] ;ef;b / fh] Gb| kf08] cf} / u'? a'nf{sf] 6L g] tf] ;+;b cj?4 s/ g] sL r] tfjgL ts bL yL . ;fdflhs ;~hfn tyf gful/ s ;dfh åf/ f Pdfn] s] O; / j} o] sf s8Þf lj/ f] w xf] g] k/ ;+;b cj?4 gxL+ lsof hf ;sf . n] lsg ha efb| & ut] r/ L sf clGtd bfx;+:sf/ x'cf tf] g] skf Pdfn] g] p;] kf6L{ zxLb sf ;Ddfg b] t] x'P p;s] zj k/ kf6L{ sf em08f cf] 9Þfof yf . kf6L{

nLnfgfy uf} td

‘r/ L’, ‘k/ L’ cf} / bfbflu/ Lck/fw

cWoIf s] kL cf] nL sf sxgf x} ls r/ L sf Oltxf; ck/ fw ;] h'8Þf xf] ;stf x} , n] lsg jt{dfg d] + jx ck/ fwL ;] b"/ yf . n] lsg hg;fwf/ 0f sf sxgf x} ls r/ L Ps ck/ fwL xL yf, lh; s] zj k/ em08f cf] 9Þf s/ Pdfn] g] dbg e08f/ L sf ckdfg lsof x} . O;;] :ki6 xf] tf x} ls r/ L s] ck/ fw sf ;+/ If0f g] skf Pdfn] s/ / xf yf . O; t/ x / fhgLlts kf6L{ ;] u'08f tyf ck/ fw sf ;+/ If0f xf] tf x} tf] ;j{;fwf/ 0f hgtf P] ;] tTjf] + ;] s} ;] ;'/ lIft / x ;stL x} <

ljjfbf:kb 36gf:ynr/ L sL d[To' sf] n] s/ ceL …GoflosÚ

cf} / …u} / –GoflosÚ xTof sx s/ ax; rn / xL x} . 36gf:yn d] + k'ln; åf/ f lbP uP ljj/ 0f cf} / ;fdfGo cg';Gwfg ;] ;fdg] cfP tYo d] + eL cGt/ lbvfO{ b] tf x} . O;LlnP r/ L sL df} t sf] xTof sxg] jfnf] + s] kIf d] + eL dfxf} n ag / xf x} .

r/ L sf] ;ft uf] nL nuL x} . n] lsg zj s] cf;kf; sxL eL v"g s] wAa] gh/ gxL+ cft] . O;LlnP r/ L sf] cGoq df/ s/ sf7df+8" eLd9'+uf d] + nfof uof x} , O; cfz+sf sf] gsf/ f gxL+ hf ;stf . O;L t/ x afOs d] + tLj| ult ;] ;jf/ sf] O{ JolQm s} ;] kL5] d"8Þ s/ k'ln; sf] uf] nL df/ ;stf x} < O; k|Zg sf eL ;xh pQ/ gxL+ x} . O;LlnP tf] Pdfn] s] g] tf ljz] iftM wflbª s] g] tf tyf ;ef;b g] bfjf lsof x} – …r/ L sL xTof x'O{ x} . O;L bfj] s] ;fy pg nf] uf] + g] ;af] {Rr d] + l/ 6 eL bfo/ lsof x} . Ow/ k'ln; clwsf/ L s] syg d] + eL tfnd] n gxL+ x} . lh;s] sf/ 0f 36gf sL u'TyL cf} / pnemtL hf / xL x} .

bfpb s] ;fy ;DaGw <Ûbfpb Oa|flxd ck/ fw sL b'lgof d] +

Ps a8Þf gfd x} . ljz] iftM ef/ t lj?4 s] ck/ fw d] + p; sf gfd cGt/ f{i6«Lo ¿k d] ++ s'Voft x} . p;L bfpb Oa|flxd s] ;fy ck{0f sf] O/ fnf sf eL ;DaGw x} , P] ;f bfjf sf] O/ fnf sL k"j{ k|] ldsf g] lsof x} . ck{0f, r/ L sf eL bf] :t yf . r/ L cf} / ck{0f s] aLr b'ZdgL ta z'? x'O{, ha bf] gf+] s] aLr d] + df‘8n un{ v'Za" cf] nL sf k|j] z x'cf . Ps kqsf/ ;Dd] ng d] + v'Za" g] Od] n :Sofg lbvf s/ sxf x} – ck{0f g] bfpb sf] kq lnvf x} , O;sf k|df0f d] / ] kf; x} . cu/ jx Od] n ;r x} tf] pg nf] uf] + sf ;DaGw s'Voft cG8/ jN8{ 8f‘g bfpb s] ;fy eL xf] ;stf x} . ceL r/ L O; b'lgof

d] + gxL+ x} . n] lsg ox ljifo ca eL Ps uDeL/ cg';Gwfg sf ljifo xf] ;stf x} .

k|] d ;DaGw :jLsf/ lbg] z clwsf/ L …r/ LÚ d/ g] s] afb

p;sL k|] ldsf s] ¿k d] + PsfPs rrf{ d] + cfO{ v'Za" cf] nL z'? d] + ck{0f sf] O/ fnf sf] l;km{ r/ L xTof s] + af/ ] d] + lhDd] bf/ dfg / xL yL . jx sxtL / xL– p;sf cf} / d] / f ;DaGw ;fdfGo hfg–kxrfg sf xL x} . n] lsg wL/ ] –wL/ ] ck{0f cf} / v'Za" l;km{ k|] dL–k|] ldsf gxL+ y] , klt–kTgL s] ¿k d] +

Ps ;fy / xt] y] , P] ;f ;dfrf/ eL dLl8of d] + cfg] nuf . oxfF ts ls v'Za" sf kl/ jf/ ck{0f sf] bfdfb ;Daf] wg s/ tf yf tf] ck{0f s] kl/ jf/ v'Za" sf] ax" sxtf yf . P] ;f ;dfrf/ ;fj{hlgs xf] g] s] afb v'Za" g] afWo xf] s/ ck{0f s] ;fy ckgf k|] d ;DaGw :jLsf/ lsof x} . hfgsf/ f] + sf dfggf x} ls v'Za" cf} / ck{0f ;ft jif{ ts Ps xL 5t s] gLr] klt–kTgL sL t/ x / x] x} + . n] lsg cf} krfl/ s zfbL gxL+ x'O{ yL . O;L qmd d] + ck{0f tyf p;s] kl/ jf/

sf} g x} r/ L <lbg] z clwsf/ L pkm{ r/ L wflbª

lhnf sf :yfoL jf;L yf . sf7df+8" cfg] s] afb lj=;+= @)^) ;fn ;] p;g] u'08fubL{ sf wGwf z'? lsof . n] lsg k'ln; l/ sf8{ d] + p; sf gfd @)^@ ;fn d+] bh{ x'cf x} . z'? d] + r/ L g] u'08f gfos …s'df/ 3} +6] Ú s] ;fy ldns/ k] z] sL z'?jft sL, sxf hftf x} 3} +6] g] kfnL sf+u|] ; s] g] tf ch'{gg/ l;+x s] ;L s] ;+/ If0f d] + x} . n] lsg afb d] + 3} +6] s] ;fy r/ L sf dgd'6fj z'? xf] uof . p;s] afb r/ L g] ckgf xL Ps cnu ;d"x agfof cf} / ckgf wGwf hf/ L / vf . ;"qf] + sf sxgf x} ls u'08fubL{ z'? s/ g] s] afb s'5 xL ;fnf] + d] + p;g] %–^ s/ f] 8Þ ;] Hofbf sL ;DklQ clh{t sL . jx wflbª lhnf d] + ;~rflnt 5f] 6] ;] n] s/ a8] Þ–a8Þ] 7] Ssfk§f d] + u'08fubL{ s] dfWod ;] 7] s] bf/ f] + ;] lglZrt k|ltzt -% k|ltzt ;] pmk/ _ / +ubf/ L j;"n s/ tf yf . Ow/ sf7df+8" s] gofFahf/ cf;kf; s] / ] :6'/ ] G6, 9faf, Sofl;gf] cflb If] q d] + eL p;sf] xkm\tf ldntf yf . of;f{u'Daf -of} g zlQm a9Þfg] sL hl8Þa'6L_ n"6kf6 d] + eL jx ;lqmo yf . sf7df+8" s] Sofl;gf] e] g; tyf wflbª s] Ps xfO8«f] kfj/ d] + eL r/ L g] ckgL k"FhL lgj] z lsof yf . hfgsf/ f] + sf dfggf x} p;sf] l;k{m Pdfn] sf ;+/ If0f k|fKt yf, P] ;L aft gxL+ x} . s'5 k'ln; clwsf/ L sf eL j/ bx:t p;s] pmk/ yf .

z'? d] + g] kfnL sf+u|] ; s] lgs6 / x s/ p;g] ckgf wGbf rnfof . afb d] + g] skf Pdfn] d] + k|j] z s/ wflbª lhnf sf pkfWoIf eL agf . r/ L k'ln; s] åf/ f ks8] Þ hfg] k/ p;sL l/ xfO sL df+u s/ t] x'P Pdfn] sfo{stf{ ;8Þs cj?4 s/ g] s] lnP pt/ cfP y] . Pdfn] s] g] tf s] kLzdf{ cf] nL ;xefuL k|foM x/ sfo{qmd d] + …r/ LÚ ckg] n8Þfs" b:t] s] d':t} b / xtf yf . O;LlnP cf] nL g] eL p; sf v"a arfj lsof . O; aft sf] n] s/ kf6L{ s] cGb/ ;] xL cf] nL sL cfnf] rgf eL v"a x'O{ . n] lsg Pdfn] s] gj] + dxflwj] zg d] + r/ L g] cf] nL sf ;fy 5f] 8Þ lbof . p;sf Ps xL sf/ 0f yf– Pdfn] s] gj] + dxflwj] zg d] + wflbª lhnf s] g] tf / fh] Gb| kf08] sf dfwj g] kfn ;d"x ;] pkfWoIf kb s] lnP pDdLbjf/ L b] gf . hfgsf/ f] + sf dfggf x} ls p;s] afb r/ L cf} / cf] nL s] ;DaGw d] + 7+8fkg cftf uof .

cf] nL ;] b"/ xf] g] s] sf/ 0f u[xdGqL jfdb] j uf} td ;] n] s/ cf] nL kIf s] o'jf ;+3 s] cWoIf dx] z a:g] t, cf] nL s] :jsLo ;lrj h} ;] ax'tf] + sf] r/ L g] wdsL b] gf z'? lsof yf . O; t/ x r/ L v"b sf] c;'/ lIft dx;"; s/ / xf yf . P] ;L xL cj:yf d] + r/ L sf OGsfpG6/ xf] gf, O; aft sf k|df0f x} ls r/ L jf:tj d] + cfGtl/ s / fhgLlt sf lzsf/ x'cf x} .


g] v'Za" s] cWoog s] lnP nueu ;ft s/ f] 8Þ lgj] z lsof yf . oBlk v'Za" g] O; aft sf] c:jLsf/ lsof x} .

ls; sf] , ls; sf ;+/ If0f <r/ L PGsfpG6/ d] + df/ ] hfg] s] afb

sf8df+8" s] ;eL 8f‘g e"ldut x'P x} +, ox bfjf k'ln; sf x} . n] lsg k'ln; s] O; bfj] d] + ptgf bd gxL+ x} . ;j{;fwf0f dfgt] x} + ls ;a 8f‘g g] tfcf] + s] ;+/ If0f d] + x} + . n] lsg k'ln; sf sxgf x} ls 8fG;af/ s] afpG;/ ;] n] s/ rlr{t 8f‘g u0f] z nfdf, bLks dgfª] ;a e"ldut xf] r's] x} + .

k'ln; hf] eL bfjf s/ ] , bLks dgfª\u] , rqm] ldng, s'df/ 3} F6] , u0f] z nfdf, / fh' uf] vf{nL h} ;] 8f‘g sf ;+/ If0f sf} g s/ / xf x} < ox cf] k] g ;] qm] 6 x} . P] ;] nf] uf] + sf sxgf x} ls cu/ k'ln; g] tfcf] + s] 3/ d] +

hfs/ P] ;] u'08f sf] lu/ km\tf/ s/ ;stL x} + tf] jx nf] u h¿/ ks8Þ] hft] . pbfx/ 0f s] lnP r/ L sf] xL n] ;st] x} + . k'ln; ha r/ L sf] 9"F9tL yL, p; jQm jx Pdfn] g] tf s] kLzdf{ cf] nL, dx] z a:g] t, / fh] Gb| kf08] h} ;] g] tfcf] + s] 3/ d] + ;+/ lIft / xtf yf .

r/ L sL t/ x xL / fhgLlts ;+/ If0f k|fKt b";/ f 8f‘g x} , u0f] z nfdf . p;g] 7] Ssf–k§f s] gfd ;] u'08fubL{ s/ s] s/ f] 8Þf] sdfof x} , P] ;f hgljZjf; x} . O;LlnP nfdf sL ;DklQ sf] n] s/ ceL 5fgaLg eL xf] / xL x} . xfn jx dw] ;L hgclwsf/ kmf] / d -nf] stflGqs_ s] s] Gb|Lo ;b:o ag s/ / fhgLlts ;+/ If0f kf / xf x} . ha ljhos'df/ uR5bf/ u[xdGqL y] , p; ;do k'ln; nfdf sf] 9"F9 / xL yL . n] lsg lu/ km\tf/ xf] g] s] abn] k'ln; s] a8Þ] –a8] Þ ckm;/ s] ;fy jx 3"dtf / xtf

yf . nfdf ck/ fw sL b'lgofF d] + sfe|] nL ;d"x s] gfos s] ¿k d] dfgf hftf x} . pkTosf s] / flqsfnLg Joj;fo, / QmrGbg t:s/ L, 7] Ssf–k§f cflb p;sf sfo{ If] q x} . cfk/ flws 5lj xf] g] sf cf/ f] k xf] t] x'P eL uR5] bf/ g] nfdf sf] kf6L{ d] + k|j] z s/ jfof x} . k'ln; s] cfGtl/ s cg';Gwfg s] cg';f/ nfdf s] kf; %) s/ f] 8Þ ;] Hofbf sL ;DklQ x} , hf] sfg"gL cj} w x} .

O;L t/ x b";/ f 8f‘g x} , bLks dgfª\u] . jx ;+3Lo nf] stflGqs / fi6«Lo d~r sf pkfWoIf eL xf] r'sf x} . kxn] jx / fi6«Lo k|hftGq kf6L{ s] ;+/ If0f d] + ckgf wGwf rnftf yf . oxfF ts sxf hftf x} ls / fk|kf s] kf6L{ cWoIf kz'kltzdz] / / f0ff sf jx bflxgf xfy yf .

O;L t/ x xlyof/ cf} / nfu"cf} ifw s]

d] / ] cf} / ck{0f sf] O/ fnf s] ;DaGw d] + ck{0f g] hf] eL dLl8ofafhL sL x} , jx ;a asjf; x} . jf:tljstf d} + atftL x"F . ck0f{ s] kf; sf7df+8" d] + sxL+ eL tLg 3/ gxL+ yf . lah'nLahf/ d] + / x] 3/ sf] a] r s/ jx afnsf] 6 d] + 3/ agfgf rfxtf yf . n] lsg 3/ a] r s/ k|fKt / sd p;g] kf] v/ f

s] u|f08 Sofl;gf] d] + p8Þfof . afb d] + d} +g] xL k} ;] b] s/ p;] 5'8Þfof . d] / L k9fO{ d] + p;g] s'5 eL vr{ gxL+ lsof x} . jx tf] d] / ] kfkf sL ;DklQ yL, hf] hdLg a] r s/ hdf sL uO{ yL . p;L ;] d} +g] ;g\ @))( d] + a] nfot s] cS;kmf] 8{ ljZjljBfno d] + ckgf cWoog k"/ f lsof .

p;sf cf} / d] / f k|] d ;DaGw tf] yf, hf] ;g\ @)!! s] afb k"0f{ ¿k ;] cGt x'cf . k"/ L sf] lzz s] afb eL d} + p;] ;xL / fx k/ gxL+ nf ;sL . oxfF ts ls d} +g] ck{0f sf] p;L s] 3/ d] + cGo rf/ o'jtL s] ;fy gUg cj:yf d] + ks8Þf yf . p;s] afb d} +g] p;;] sf] O{ eL ;DaGw / vg] s] lnP OGsf/ s/ lbof . p;sL gz] sL cfbt 5'8Þfg] s] lnP d} + xL p;] gO{ lbNnL ts n] uO{ yL . jxfF s] ;fO{qmofl6s P08 l/ xfljln6] ;g ;] G6/ d] + p;sf pkrf/ s/ jfof . lkm/ eL p; d] + sf] O{ ;'wf/ gxL+ cfof . g] kfn cfg] s] afb p;g] lkm/ gzfvf] / L z'? s/ bL .

p;s] afb xL r/ L s] ;fy d] / L hfg–kxrfg x'O{ . wL/ ] wL/ ] xdf/ L d'xAat k/ jfg r9Þg] nuL . cfufdL bzx/ f s]

cj;/ d] + xdf/ f OGu] hd] G6 xf] g] jfnf yf . n] lsg jx k'ln; s] xfyf] + df/ f uof . ox of] hgfj4 xTof x} . O;LlnP xd Gofo s] lnP ;jf] {Rr d] + cfP x} + . d} + bfj] s] ;fy sx ;stL x"F ls r/ L xTofsf08 d] + ck{0f sf] O/ fnf cf} / k'ln; OG;k] S6/ s'd'b 9'+u] n sf xfy x} + . 9'+u] n eL d'em] k;Gb s/ t] y] . j] bf] gf] + d] / f cf} / lbg] z sf k|] d :jLsf/ s/ g] s] kIf d] + gxL+ y] . bf] gf] + a/ fa/ wdsf / x] y] ls cu/ xdf/ L zfbL x'O{ tf] j] xd nf] uf] + sf] hfg ;] df/ b] +u] . O;LlnP d] / f bfjf x} – r/ L d'7e] 8Þ gxL+ df/ f uof .

r/ L sf] dLl8of g] eL cfjZostf ;] Hofbf xL gsf/ fTds ¿k d] + lrq0f lsof x} . d] / ] ;Dks{ d] + cfg] s] afb jx ck/ fw sL b'lgof ;] wL/ ] –wL/ ] b"/ hf / xf yf . n] lsg ljut sL s'5 36gfcf] + s] sf/ 0f jx af/ af/ rrf{ d] + cftf yf . lbg] z ls of] hgf yL ls ca / fhgLlt d] + cfs/ ;dfh ;] jf d] + ;lqmo hLjg JotLt s?Fuf . n] lsg sfn sL ult ljlrq xf] tL x} .

-ljleGg ;~rf/ dfWodf] + d] + cfP cf] nL s] syg s] c+z_

ck{0f sf dLl8ofafhL ;a em"7M v'Za" cf] nL

ck/fw

sf/ f] jf/ L s] ¿k d] + kl/ lrt b";/ f 8f‘g x} – rqm] ldng . jx g] skf Pdfn] s] g] tf k|bLk g] kfn sf bflxgf xfy dfgf hftf x} . oxfF ts ls rqm] g] tf g] kfn sL kTgL em'df b] jfg ;] …efO{ 6LsfÚ eL u|x0f s/ tf x} . rqm] sf ;DaGw Pdfn] dxf;lrj O{Zj/ kf] v/ ] n s] ;fy eL cR5f x} . O;L t/ x k"j{/ fhkl/ jf/ s] ;b:of] + s] ;fy eL p;sf ;DaGw 3lgi7 x} . 8f‘g s] aLr cnu cf} / rt'/ 8f‘g s] ¿k d] rqm] sf]

hfgf hftf x} . jx l;km{ Pdfn] sf 8f‘g xL gxL+, sf+u|] ;, Pdfcf] jfbL h} ;] cGo kf6L{ ;] cfj4 8f‘g sf] eL kl/ rflnt s/ t x} , P] ;L aft :jo+ 8f‘g j[Q d] + rlr{t x} . sf/ fuf/ d] + / xt] jQm eL jx ckgf ;d"x kl/ rflnt s/ cft+s drfof s/ tf x} . O; aft sL k'li6 sO{ af/ g] kfn k'ln; s/ r'sL x} . dfgf hftf x} – s'5 k'ln; clwsf/ L ;] eL p;sL ldnLeut x} .

bf] :t s] kmf] g ;] d'em] ktf rnf ls r/ L sf v"g x'cf x} . n] lsg p; sL xTof d] + ck{0f sf eL xfy x} , ox sx s/ v'Za" g] hf] x+ufdf lsof, p; d] + s'5 eL ;Totf gxL+ x} . d] / ] kf; P] ;L v"aL cf} / zlQm sxf x} , hf] k'ln; sf] ;fy n] s/ d} + lbg] z sf OGsfpG6/ s/ ;s"F < ox tf] l;km{ v'Za" sf cfqmf] z x} + . v'Za" d] / L lgs6td ldq x} . g] kfn cf} / a] nfot d] + nueu xd nf] u * ;fn Ps ;fy / x] x} + . xd nf]uf] + sf] hfg g] jfn] x/ JolQm hfgt] x} + ls v'Za" cf} / ck{0f sf ;DaGw Sof x} < O; af/ ] d] + d'em] Hofbf sxg] sL h¿/ t gxL+ x} . ^ ;fn a] nfot d] + / xt] jSt xd nf] u ;fy–;fy / xt] y] . n] lsg ceL cfs/ v'Za" g] xdf/ ] ;DaGw sf] n] s/ hf] s'5 atfof x} , jx ;/ f;/ em"7 x} .

v'Za" s] bfaL s] cg';f/ d} + v'Za" s] 3/ d] + gxL+ /xtf yf . n] lsg ox ;To x} ls xd bf] gf] + Ps xL 3/ d] + / xt] y] . Sof] +ls xd nf] u Ps b";/ ] s] lagf gxL+ hL ;st] y] . v'Za" sf] a] nfot kx'Frfg] jfnf eL d} + xL x"F .

eL;f k|f] ;] l;ª ;] n] s/ ;Dk"0f{ sfo{ d} +g] xL lsof yf . a] nfot d] + d] / f ckfG6{d] G6 yf, hxfF xd nf] u Ps ;fy / xt] y] . cS;kmf] 8{ o"lgel;{6L d] + v'Za" sf cWoog vr{ k"/ f d} +g] xL p7fof yf . v'Za" s] kl/ jf/ g] ckgf 3/ a] r s/ 8] 9 s/ f] 8 ¿kofF O;s] lnP vr{ lsof yf . du/ jf:tljs vr{ sL t'ngf d] + ox / flz ax't sd yL .

xdf/ f eljio cR5f xf] hfPuf, oxL ;f] r s/ d} +g] ckg] v'zL ;] v'Za" sL k9ÞfO{ d] + vr{ lsof yf . n] lsg ceL cfs/ jx em"7 af] n / xL x} . d} +g] seL gxL+ ;f] rf yf ls jx P] ;f eL s/ ] uL .

Ps af/ d} + Jofkf/ s] l;nl;n] d] + ef/ t uof yf . Ps–b";/ ] sf km] za's cfO8L cf} / kf;j8{ xd hfgt] y] cf} / ;xdlt d] + vf] ns/ b] vt] / xt] y] . ha d} +g] Ps lbg v'Za" sf km] ;a's PsfpG6 vvf] n s/ b] vf tf] p;g] Ps ldq sf] d} ;] h lbof yf, hf] b] vs/ d} + cfZro{ rlst xf] uof . lnvf yf– …d} +g] hLjg s] cf7 ;fn Ps v/ fa JolQm s] ;fy u'hf/ s/ ckgf ;do aaf{b lsof . ceL d} + lbg] z clwsf/ L pkm{ -r/ L_ s] ;fy P] z s/ / xL x"F . jx Psbd xL s"n x} . xdf/ f Kof/ xjf s] ¿k d] + cfsfz d] + p8Þ / xf x} .Ú O; d} ;] h sf] n] s/ d} +g] v'Za" sf] ufnL bL . p;L ;do lbg] z sf eL kmf] g cfof, p;sf] eL d} +g] ufnL bL . p;s] afb lbg] z d'em] df/ g] s] lnP wdsL b] g] nuf . lh;s] sf/ 0f v'Za" s] ;fy d] / ] ;DaGw d] + b/ f/ cfg] nuL .

ha v'Za" sf] d} +g] kxnL af/ b] vf

yf, p;;] kxn] xL d} +g] ;eL k|sf/ s] nfu" kbfy{ sf ;] jg 5f] 8Þ lbof yf . ;g\ @))% ;] @))^ ts Ps ;fn e"k" P;P;kL a;Gt/ fh s'+j/ s] gfsf{] g g] kfn d] + / x s/ d} + s'nt ;] d'Qm xf] s/ …P06L 8«U;Ú ;DaGwL 6«] lgª b] / xf yf . p;L qmd d] + / fi6«Lo ;efu[x d] + …P06L 8«U;Ú ;DaGwL 6«] lgª rn / xL yL . p;L sfo{qmd d] + v'Za" ;] d] / L kxnL d'nfsft x'O{ yL . p; ;do v'Za" ld; l6g eL gxL+ xf] kfO{ yL . p;s] afb d} +g] ls;L eL nfu" kbfy{ sf ;] jg gxL+ lsof x} . O; aft sL hfgsf/ L a;Gt s+'j/ sf] eL x} . n] lsg v'Za" g] ceL afhf/ d] + hf] x+ufdf drfof x} , jx ;a em"7 s] l;jf cf} / s'5 gxL+ x} .

xfn v'Za" åf/ f ;~rflnt ;] N6/ gfds ;fdflhs ;+:yf eL d] / ] lktf åf/ f :yflkt sL uO{ yL . ha d] / ] lktf b'3{6gfu|:t x'P tf] ;+:yf sL cWoIftf d} +g] sL . ;dfh ;] jf s] k|lt v'Za"sf ?emfg b] v s/ afb d] + d} +g] xL p; ;+:yf sf] v'Za" s] gfd s/ lbof .

-ljleGg ;~rf/ dfWodf] + d] + ;fj{hlgs sf] O/ fnf s] syg s] c+z_

v'Za" sL x/ cfjZostf d} +g] xL k"/ L sL yLM ck{0f sf] O/ fnf

ck/fw


O;L t/ x sf7df+8" s] b";/ ] k|efjzfnL 8f‘g x} – s'df/ >] i7 . lh; sf] nf] u …3} +6] Ú s] pkgfd ;] hfgt] x} + . jx g] kfnL sf+u|] ; s] g] tf ch{'gg/ l;+x s] ;L cf} / hubLzg/ l;+x s] ;L sf vf; cfbdL dfgf hftf x} . ;"qf] + sf sxgf x} ls ha k'ln; p;sL vf] h z'? s/ tL x} , ta jx s] ;L s] u+ua' l:yt 3/ d] + hfs/ l5ktf x} . cu/ k'ln; 3} +6] sf] lu/ km\tf/ s/ tL x} tf] s] ;L åo d] + ;] sf] O{ g sf] O{ k'ln; pRr clwsf/ L s] kf; kx'Frtf x} of kmf] g jftf{ stf{ x} . cf} / 3} +6] ;xh d] + 5"6 hftf x} .

O;L t/ x 8f‘g s] ¿k d] + kl/ lrt lkmNdsdL{ / f] h / f0ff sf] sf+u|] ; sf xL ;+/ If0f k|fKt x} . jx sf+u|] ; t?0f bn s] ;f+:s[lts ljefu d] + s] Gb|Lo ;b:o x} + . O;L t/ x sf+u|] ; s] ;+/ If0f d] + / x s/ sfd s/ g] jfn] cGo 8f‘g d] / fh' uf] vf{nL, ;~hLj nfdf …:ofnÚ tLy{ nfdf, k"0f{ u'?ª, dLgs[i0f dxh{g, dx] z >] i7, bfjf nfdf cflb x} + .

jsLn eL ;+/ Ifsu'08fubL{ d] + s'Voft sf] l;km{

/ fhgLlts bn ;+/ If0f s/ tf x} , ox em"7 x} . k'ln; ;] n] s/ sfg"g Joj;floof] + sf ;+/ If0f eL pg nf] uf] + sf] k|fKt xf] tf x} . cGofo d] + / xg] jfn] hgtf sf] sfg'gL tf} /

k/ Gofo lbnfg] sL s;d vfg] jfn] jsLn O; t/ x u'08f tyf ck/ fwL sf ;+/ If0f s/ t] x} + tf] cfd hgtf s} ;] ;'/ lIft xf] ;stL x} < n] lsg jf:tljstf oxL x} . b'Mv tf] O; aft x} ls rlr{t 8f‘g s] lnP sfg'gL ¿k d] ++ n8Þg] jfn] jsLn eL sfg'g sL b'lgof d] + k|ltli7t cf} / rlr{t xf] t] x} + . pbfx/ 0f s] lnP u'G8fubL{ s] xL cf/ f] k d] ++ d/ g] jfn] u'08f gfos lbg] z clwsf/ L …r/ LÚ s] lnP sfg"gL n8ÞfO{ n8Þg] jfn] jlsnf] + d] + rlr{t clwjQmf åo zDe' yfkf cf} / 6Lsf/ fd e§/ fO{ sf gfd ;a;] kxn] cftf x} . xfF, s6' ;To xL x} . Og bf] gf] + jlsnf] + g] r/ L s] d/ g] s] afb p;s] kIf d] + s8ÞL l6Kk0fL sL yL .

O;L t/ x ;DklQ zl'4s/ 0f cg';Gwfg s] d'2f d] + / x] rlr{t % u'08f gfos s] kIf d] + n8Þg] jfn] jsLn eL rlr{t xL x} + . 8f‘g u0f] z nfdf sL cj} w ;DklQ sf] n] s/ hf/ L d'2f d] + n8Þg] jfn] jsLn x+} – rlr{t clwjQmf z] / axfb'/ s] ;L . s] ;L nfdf sf arfj s/ t] x'P cbfnt d] + ax; s/ t] x} + .

O;;] ox k'li6 xf] tL x} ls / fhgLlts kf6L{ s] t/ x xL jsLn eL k} ;f s] lnP ckgL g} ltstf a] rt] x} + . nfdf sf kIf n] s/ ax; s/ g] jfn] cGo jlsnf] + d] + of] u] Gb|axfb'/ clwsf/ L cf} / g/ axfb'/ of] uL eL x} + . O;L t/ x b";/ f u'08f gfos cleif] s

lu/ L s] kIf d] + u0f] z s] ;L, of] u] Gb|axfb'/ clwsf/ L cf} / ;'jf; låj] bL cflb ax; s/ t] x} + . O;L t/ x Pdfn] s] g] tf tyf u'08f gfos s] ¿k d] + kl/ lrt k/ z'/ fd a:g] t s] sfg'gL ;Nnfxsf/ g] kfn af/ P;f] l;Pzg s] cWoIf xl/ s[i0f sfsL{ x} + . a:g] t s] lj?4 eL cj} w ;DklQ hdf s/ g] sf cf/ f] k x} cf} / O; d] + 5fgaLg xf] / xL x} . a:g] t s] kIf d] + ax; s/ g] jfn] cGo jlsnf] + d] + 6Lsf/ fd e§/ fO{, xl/ ZrGb| ;'j] bL cf} / gf/ fo0f b] jsf] 6f x} + . u'08f gfos rqm] ldng s] sfg"gL ;Nnfxsf/ d] + 8] df] qm] l6s no{; P;f] l;Pzg s] cWoIf uf] kfns[i0f >] i7 x} + . rqm] s] lj?4 x/ ] s d'2f d] + ;fdfGotM >] i7 xL jsfnt s/ t] x} + . 6Lsf/ fd e§/ fO{ b";/ f u'08f gfos bLks dgfªu] s] kIf d] + ax; s/ g] jfn] jsLn eL x} + . dgfª\u] s] kIf d] + >L/ fd bjf8L, uf] ns'n e08f/ L, Ps/ fh kf] v/ ] n, O{Zj/ clwsf/ L cf} / ;Ltf/ fd clwsf/ L h} ;] jlsn eL x} + .

ck/fw cWofTd

/jLGb| emf ‘z+s/’

ox ;+;f/ zf] s ;d'b| x} . O;d] + hGd n] g] jfnf sf] O{ eL P] ;f k|f0fL

b] vf cf} / ;'gf gxL+ uof, hf] ls;L g ls;L k|sf/ s] zf] s ;] kLl8Þt g xf] . ls;L sf] ckg] z/ L/ d] + lbvfO{ b] / xL Go"gtf kLl8Þt lsP x} tf] sf] O{ ckgL OR5fg';f/ ls;L j0f{ cyjf hflt d] + pTkGg g xf] ;sg] s] sf/ 0f zf] s ;] e/ f x} . sf] O{ O; zf] s ;] ;GtKt lbvfO{ b] tf x} ls jx nfv k|oTg cf} / kl/ >d s] afb eL ckg] lnP lhtgL ;DklQ rfxtf x} , p;] gxL+ ldn kf / xf, hals p;sf k8Þf] ;L lagf k|oTg tyf kl/ >d eL ct'ngLo ;DklQ sf : jfdL agf a} 7f x} . ls;L s] dg d] + ox kL8Þf x} ls p;sf gfd ;dfh d] + ptgL >4f cf} / cfb/ s] ;fy gxL+ lnof hftf, lhtgf p;s] ;xsdL{ sf lnof hftf x} .

ls;L sf] O; aft sf b'Mv / xtf x} ls p;] kTgL k'qf] + Pj+ k'lqof] + ;] hf] ck] Iff yL, p;sL jx ck] Iff k"/ L gxL+ x'O{ cf} / O;L efj ;] jx zf] s ;GtKt xf] p7tf x} . ls;L eL JolQm s] lnP O;;] eL bf?0f zf] s sL cj: yf jx xf] tL x} , ha p;s] cltlk|o lktf–dftf, klt–kTgL, k'q–k'qL cflb d] + ;] sf] O{ eL ;fdlos cyjf c;fdlos ¿k ;] p;s] hLjg ;] la58Þ hftf x} . seL–seL tf] P] ;L c;fdlos 36gf s] 3l6t xf] hfg] k/ sf] O{ zf] sflee"t xf] s/ ckg] k|f0ff] + sf pT;u{ s/ g] s] lnP eL t} of/ xf] hftf x} . ;+;fl/ s hLjg d] + cfO{ x'O{ jx bf?0ftd l: ylt x} cf} / P] ;L l: ylt cfg] k/ 1fgL ;] 1fgL JolQm eL ljrlnt xf] hftf x} tyf p;sf ;f/ f–sf–;f/ f 1fg, an c;xfo ;f lbvtf x} . ;f+;fl/ s hLjg sL Og zf] sfTds l: yltof] + ;] ckg] ana"t] k/ pa/ kfgf ls;L s] lnP eL O;lnP ;Dej gxL+ x} , Sof] +ls ckg] dg sL rfxgf dfq ;] jx oxFf s'5 k|fKt gxL+ s/ ;stf cf} / g xL+ ckg] rfxg] dfq ;] jx lk|ohgf] + s] la5f] 8Þ ;] xL ar ;stf x} . olb rfx] eL ls p;sf z/ L/ cf} / ;'Gb/ xf] hfP Pj+ p;sf hGd ;dfh d] + dfGotf k|fKt >] i7 j0f{ d] + xf] hfP, tf] ox eL p;s] jz sL aft gxL+ x} . O;L t/ x ;] olb jx JolQm rfx] ls p;s] k8Þf] ;L h} ;] ;DklQ p;] eL ldn hfP cyjf ckg] ;xsdL{ h} ;f ;Ddfg jx eL k|fKt s/ n] tf]

eL P] ;f s/ gf O;lnP p;s] a; d] + gxL+ x} +, Sof] +ls pg l: yltof] + sf] k|fKt s/ gf ax't s'5 k|fs[lts lgodf] + s] ;fy–;fy ckg] sdf+{] k/ lge{/ s/ tf x} .

>Ldb\ efujt uLtf d] + eujfg\ >Ls[i0f g] O; ;+;f/ d] + hGd n] g] jfnf] + sL clgjfo{ d[To' s] ljifo d] + sxf x} ls oxfF lh; sf hGd xf] tf x} , p;sL d[To' xf] gf ckl/ xfo{ x} – hft: o lx w|'jf] {d[To' . ta O; l: ylt d] + sf] O{ eL ckg] lk|ohgf+] s] ljof] u s] zf] s ;] sbflk ar gxL+ ;stf, Sof] +ls oxfF lh;g] eL hGd lnof x} < p;sf d/ 0f lglZrt x} .

zf] sfTds ;+;f/ s] O; bf?0f pQ] hs oyfy{ g] xdf/ L k/ Dk/ f s] k|frLg Clifof] +, ;fwsf] + cf} / ljrf/ sf] + sf] k|f/ De ;] xL O; s] lnP k|] l/ t lsof x} ls j] ;+;f/ ¿kL zf] s ;d'b| d] + 8"a] x'P k|f0fL s] lnP sf] O{ P] ;f pkfo atfP+, lh;;] jx zf] sfTds l: yltof] + ;] kf/ kf ;s] cf} / ckgf hLjg ;'v tyf zflGt ;] JotLt s/ ;s] . O;L s] kmn: j¿k oxfF cfTdb[li6 sf lrGtg ljsl;t x'cf tyf O; b[li6 g] ox l;4fGt lg?lkt lsof ls hf] cfTdf sL cv08tf, ;j{Jofkstf tyf cfgGb¿ktf sf cg'ej s/ n] tf x} , jx Og ;+;fl/ s zf] s sL l: yltof] + ;] kf/ xf] hftf x} . oyfy{tM tf] oxfF s0f–s0f d] + cfTd;Qf xL JofKt x} cf} / O;;] Ot/ s'5 eL gxL+ x} . h} ;] xL ls;L sf] cfTdf s] ch/ , cd/ , cv08 : j¿k sf cg'ej xf] tf x} , ;f/ f sf ;f/ f ;+;f/ p;] clgTo, c;t\ cf} / cljBfhlgt k|tLt xf] g] nutf x} . ta, jx O; ;+;f/ sL ls;L eL k|flKt cf} / ck|flKt sL bzf d] + ;'v–b'Mv sL cj: yf ;] pk/ fd xf] hftf x} tyf ckg] cGt/ d] + cfTdtTj sL cge"ltof] + ;] cfglGbt / xtf x} .

cfTdb[li6 sL b[9Þtf ;] ljrf/ s/ g] jfnf ljrf/ s ox hfgtf x} ls p;] p;s] OR5fg';f/ sflos ;f} Gbo{ Pj+ cfly{s ;DkGgtf gxL+ eL k|fKt x'O{ tf] eL O; d] + ls;L k|sf/ ;] zf] s s/ g] sf sf] O{ sf/ 0f gxL+ x} . Sof] +ls sflos ;'Gb/ tf cf} / cfly{s ;DkGgtf : yfoL tyf ;fj{sflns k|flKtofF gxL+ x} . OgsL k|s[lt c: yfoL cf} / ljgfzL x} . cfTd1 pgs] g k|fKt xf] g] k/ zf] s gxL+ s/ tf . ckg] lk|ohgf] + s] cg's"n tyf k|lts"n Jojxf/ ;] eL cfTd1 O; lnP zf] sfs'n gxL+ xf] tf, Sof] ls ;eL sf k[ys k[ys : jefj xf] g] ;] p;s] dg d] + ox OR5f xL gxL+ hfu[t xf] tL sL b";/ f] + sf : jefj p;s] cg's"n xf] cf} / sf] O{ eL kl/ jfl/ s

tyf Oi6hg p;sL OR5f s] cg's"n cfr/ 0f s/ ] + .

ckg] lk|ohgf] + ;] ;do–c;do d] + lj58Þ hfg] sf zf] s eL cfTd1fgL sf] på] lnt gxL+ s/ tf . jx hfgtf x} ls O; ;+;f/ d] + ls;L sf eL ls;L s] ;fy cfTd–cfTdLosf ;DaGw agtf gxL+ x} . dftf, lktf, klt, kTgL, k'q, k'qL tyf Oi6ldq s] ;DaGw O;L hGd d] + ckgL / fufTds b[li6 ;] : jLsf/ s/ lnP hft] x} .

jt{dfg hLjg sf] lh; ls;L sf ckg] lk|ohg ;] la5f] 8Þ xf] tf eL x} tf] cfTd1 sL b[li6 d] + jx k~re"tf] + ;] lgld{t lagfzL z/ L/ sf xL la5f] 8Þ x} . jx ox hfgtf x} ls ljgfzL : jefjjfn] z/ L/ ;] lj5f] 8Þ xf] g] k/ p;s] lnP zf] s s/ g] sf sf] O{ sf/ 0f gxL+ x} . z/ L/ sL d[To' 7Ls j} ;L xL aft x} , h} ;] dg'io sf k'/ fg] j: qf] + sf] Tofu s/ go] j: qf] + sf] u|x0f s/ gf, hLjfTdf eL 7Ls p;L k|sf/ ;] k'/ fg] z/ L/ sf] Tofu s/ gof z/ L/ wf/ 0f s/ tf x} . ox aft uLtf s] b";/ ] cWofo s] afO;j] + Znf] s d] + >Ls[i0fåf/ f atfO{ uO{ x} . lh; d] + hGdd/ 0f sf] k'/ fg] j: q abn s/ go] kxgg] s] ;dfg sxf uof x} .

hxfF ts cfTd ;DaGw sL aft x} tf] cfTdf pg ;eL z/ L/ f] + d] + cå} t ¿k ;] ljBdfg x} tyf ox ch/ cf} / cd/ x} . ox ls;L s] z/ L/ kft xf] g] k/ eL lglj{sf/ L tyf lgZrn ¿k d] + ljBdfg / xtL x} . O;lnP cfTdLohgf] + sf ljof] u eL cfTdljb\sf] zf] s;GtKt gxL+ s/ tf . ;fdfGohg s] lnP lk|ohg ljof] u c;Xo xf] tf x} . j[4 dftf–lktf s] a'9fk] sf ;xf/ f rnf hfgf of aRrf+] s] l;/ ;] lktf sf ;fof p7 hfgf cyjf gjljjflxtf sL dfFu sf l;Gb"/ ld6 hfgf, P] ;L x[boljbf/ s kl/ l: yltofF x+} , hf] k|: t/ x[bo sf] eL ljrlnt s/ b] tL x} + . 1fgjfg eL Og kl/ l: yltof] + d] + w} o{ gxL+ / v kft] . P] ;L kl/ l: yltof] + d] + tf] a; Ps xL aft zflGt b] ;stL x} ls ca a; k/ dlktf k/ dfTdf xL d] / ] x} +, d] / f cfu] sf hLjg ca pGxL sL z/ 0f x} cf} / j] cz/ 0f z/ 0f xL d] / f of] u If] d sf lgj{xg s/ ] +u] . P] ;L kl/ l: ylt d] + oxL dfggf zflGtbfos xf] ;stf x} ls d[To' sf] k|fKt lk|ohg ca lktf sL uf] b ;] p7 s/ k/ d lktf sL uf] b d] + hf / xf x} . hf] : jfefljs xL clws cfgGbbfos x} , P];] d] + p;sL lrGtf gxL+ s/ gL rflxP .

zf] s ;] kLl8 Þt Sof] + <


lhGbuL Ps hZg x} . lhGbuL sf] Ps hZg s] ¿k d] +

b] vgf rflxP– P] ;f ls;L g] kfnL 6LjL r} gn g] sxf yf . s's'/ d'Q] -5qs_ sL t/ x pu cfP cg] s r} gnf] + d] + ;] ls;L g] ox asaf; sL xf] uL, ceL gfd ofb gxL+ cf / xf . cfkg] eL ;'gf xf] uf, …lhGbuL Ps pT;j x} .Ú

c/ ] jfx Û aft tf] ;'gg] d] + zfgbf/ nutL x} . k/ em6k6 osLg gxL+ xf] tf . ;f] rf ls;L th'a] {sf/ ;] xL k"5 n] t] x} + . kns emkst] xL Ps a'h'u{ ldn uP . a'h'u{ eL d: tL d] + y] . …x/ lkmqm sf] w'PF d] + p8Þftf rnf uofÚ sL th{ k/ l;u/ ] 6 k+m"s] hf / x] y] . Sof jfsO{ lhGbuL Ps hZg x} < x} tf] s} ;] < ha ls rf/ f] + cf] / OG;flgot sf v'n] cfd sTn xf] t] ;a b] v / x] x} + . cfbdL lbg–a–lbg hfgj/ xf] tf hf / xf x} . xd ls; d'+x ;] hZg dgfPF .

d] / f ;jfn ;'g s/ a'h'u{ s'5 b] / s] lnP tf] ;Ggf6] d] + cf uP . lkm/ s'5 vfF; s/ ;f+; sf] sfa" d] + s/ t] x'P af] n] – j} ;] tf] aft ckg] –ckg] ghl/ P sL x} . n] lsg lh;g] eL ox hZg–P–lhGbuL s] gf/ ] a'n+b lsP x} +, j] em"7 tf] gxL+ sx / x] < gf/ ] d] + bd tf] x} .

jf] s} ;] < b] z sL ;"/ t] xfnt hZg–P–lhGbuL ;] d] n gxL+ vftL . s} ;] osLg s/ ] < –d] / f ;jfn a] cbaL ;] d] / ] lbdfu d] s'08nL df/ s/ a} 7f yf .

a'h'u{ g] a'hlu{ot emf8ÞL– b] z d] + rf/ f] + cf] / af9Þ g] tafxL drf / vL x} . kxf8Þ–r§fg af9Þ s] ;fy–;fy l;td k/ l;td 9ÞfP hf / x] x} + . al: tofF ph8Þ / xL x} + . ;} s8Þf] + ckgL hfg ujf+ a} 7] x} + . nf] u bfg] –bfg] sf] df] xtfh x} + . g ;/ s] pmk/ 5t, g k] 6 d] + cGg s] bfg] . / fxt s] af/ ] d] + l;km{ ;'gf x} , b] vf gxL+ . lkm/ eL cfk ar] x'P x} + . cfk sf s'5 eL g's;fg gxL+ x'cf . cfksf afn eL af+sf gxL+ x'cf . cfk O;sf hZg gxL+ dgfcf] u] < a8Þ] s+h"; xf] of/ .

;8Þs xfb;] cfP lbg nf] uf] + sL hfg n] / x] x} + . xfb;] sL jhx rfx] hf] xf] , lkm/ eL cfk ;xL ;nfdt xf] . bf] gf] + xfy k} / ;fa"t ar] x} + . Sof ox lbn v'z s/ g] s] lnP sfkmL gxL+ x} < dgf nf] hZg . s'5 tf] bl/ oflbnL lbvfcf] Kof/ ] Û

x/ / f] h l/ Zjtvf] / , ck/ fwL, e|i6frf/ L clVtof/ s] r+u'n d] + km+; / x] x} + . clVtof/ sL a'/ L gh/ ceL ts cfk k/ gxL+ k8ÞL . Ps hZg tf] agtf xL x} g < b] v Sof / x] xf] cfk < hZg–P–lhGbuL s] gfd s/ nf] / +uLg ckgL zfd .

O{af] nf s] efO/ ; b'lgof d] + txnsf drfP x'P x} + . j] eL cfk sf s'5 gxL+ lauf8Þ ;s] . j} ;] xdf/ L ;/ sf/ O{af] nf sf zfgbf/ : jfut s/ g] s] lnP laNs'n t} of/ a} 7L x} . lkm/ eL cfk–xd ceL ts ar] x'P x} + . agtf x} Ps hZg tf] . sxf eL uof x} – kLg] jfnf] + sf] kLg] sf axfgf rflxP . d} +g] tf] kxn] eL sxf g, cfk ls; ghl/ P ;] lhGbuL sf] b] vt] xf] . cfkg] s} ;f rZdf kxg / vf x} , b'lgof sf] b] vg] s] lnP < ;f/ f bf/ f] dbf/ O;L aft k/ x} .

d} + eL ckgL lhb k/ c8Þf x'cf yf, df/ lbof ;jfn sf gxnf– lkm/ cfP lbg nf] u v'bs'zL Sof] + s/ t] x} + < Sof hZg–P–lhGbuL pGx] + / f; gxL+ cf / xf <

a'h'lu{ot 5ns k8ÞL– a] as"kmf] + sL sdL gxL+ uflna, Ps 9+"9f] , xhf/ ldnt] x} + . v'bs'zL s/ g] jfn] cxds tf] xf] t] xL x} + . ud unt s/ g] s] lnP O; b'lgof

d] + 9Þ] / ;f/ L rLh] + x} + . v'bs'zL s/ gf tf] cxdsfgf cGbfh x} , of/ Û laNs'n arsfgL aft x} .

Ps kfs{ s] cf;kf; xd nf] u aftrLt s/ / x] y] . Otg] d] + kfs{ d] + lkslgs s] axfg] df} h–d: tL s/ g] s'5 ufl8Þof] + d] + nbkmb] 9] / ;f/ ] dgrnf] + sL 6f] nL jxfF kx'FrtL x} . cw{gUg o'jf–o'jtL, lszf] / –lszf] / L ;eL rxs / x] y] . cha pNnf;do jftfj/ 0f yf . s'5 un{k|m] 08–Aofok|m] 08 tf] kfs{ ;] afx/ xL lrksgf z'? xf] r's] y] .

hgfj a'h'u{ g] cfFvf] + ;] Ozf/ f lsof . d} + eL v'b b] v / xf yf . ls;L s] r] x/ ] d] + ud sL 5fof eL b"/ –b"/ ts gh/ gxL+ cftL yL . cfhfb kl/ Gb] sL t/ x ;eL pd+u–pT;fx s] cf;dfg d] + p8Þfg e/ / x] y] . d} + pGx] + b] vg] d] + vf] –;f uof .

a'h'u{ g] ckgL sf] xgL ;] d'em] 6xf] sf df/ f cf} / km/ dfof– hgfa Û o] x} hZg–P–lhGbuL . b'lgof s] ud b] z sL tafxL ;a hfP ef8Þ d] + . b'lgof e/ s] ud lnP cfk Sof] + lkm/ / x] x} + < cfk eL lhGbuL sf hZg dgfO{P . hfO{P df} h sLlhP < P] z sLlhP . kn–kn lhGbuL d'¶L sL / ] t sL t/ x lkm;n / xL x} . zfob 6LjL r} gn jfnf] + g] 7Ls xL sxf x} – lhGbuL Ps hZg x} .

du/ ls; s] lnP < –ox ;f] r–;f] r s/ d} + a] as"km lkm/ ;] ;Ll/ o; xf] lnof . d/ x"d zfo/ lkm/ fs uf] / vk'/ L sL ofb cf uO{–

df} t sf eL Onfh xf] zfob,lhGbuL sf sf] O{ Onfh gxL+ .

Jo+Uo

d's'Gb cfrfo{

hZg—P–lhGbuL

sxfgL

c+wsf/ , lgh{g, 8/ fjgf cf} / PsfGt h+un sf] kf/ s/ t] –s/ t] cs: dft d} + Ps P] ;L hux kx'Frf, hxfF phfnf xL phfnf yf . d} + cfgGb ;] Psbd k|km'lNnt xf] p7f . ;f/ ] b'v bb{ sf] e'nfs/ d} + bf} 8Þt] xfFkmt] p; : yfg k/ kx'Frf, hxfF dg'io sf dSvg h} ;f : g] x d] / f O+thf/ s/ / xf yf . d'em] dg'io sf r] x/ f b] v] sfkmL jSt xf] uof yf, O;lnP d} + a} r] g yf .

jx : yfg ax't / d0fLs yf . Ps a8Þ] ef] h sf jxfF cfof] hg yf . oq tq / +u la/ +uL, gLnL kLnL, nfn x/ L alQofF hn / xL yL+ . ax't a8Þf d} bfg lh;s] rf/ f] cf] / snfk"0f{ auLrf p; phfn] d] + huduf / xf yf . ljleGg k|sf/ s] / +ula/ +u] km"n v'Za" km} nft] x'P lvn] y] cf} / p;;] eL a9Þs/ ljleGg / +uf] + sL kf] zfs d] + k'?if cf} / dlxnfcf] + sL a8ÞL hdft p; : yfg k/ Ow/ –pw/ s/ / xL yL . j] pg ;'ulGwt km"nf] + ;] eL clws cfsif{s nu / x] y] . d'em] P] ;f nuf dfgf] : ju{ sf xL Ps 6's8Þf w/ tL k/ cf lu/ f xf] . d} + ljdf] lxt xf] s/ ghbLs kx'Frf .

x/ L sf] dn b"a la5] rf} 8Þ] If] q d] + >] 0fLa4 ¿k d] + 6] a'n, a] +r cf} / s'l;{ofF la5L yL+ cf} / k|To] s 6] a'n s] dWo d] + u'nb: t] d] + / v] km"n d': s'/ f / x] y] . x/ 6] a'n s] ghbLs ;fbL kf] zfs d] + Ps bf] a} / ] 6«] d] + vfg] sL rLh] + n] s/ v8Þ] y] . s'5 Ow/ –pw/ 3"d / x] y] . d'em] cToGt e"v nuL yL .

O;lnP ef] h xf] g] sL aft sf 1fg xf] t] xL d} +g] nfh zd{ 5f] 8Þs/ p; kl/ ;/ d] + k|j] z lsof . ghbLs hfg] k/ d'em] ktf rnf ls o] nf] u nDafO{, efiff af] nL, / +u ¿k s] cfwf/ k/ Ps xL k|sf/ s] gxL+ x} + . sf] O{ cd] l/ sg h} ;f nuf tf] sf] O{ ¿;L h} ;f, sf] O{ hd{g, sf] O{ rLgL, sf] O{ ef/ tLo, sf] O{ ck|mLsg lgu|f] , sf] O{ OhLlK;og, sf] O{ O{/ fgL, sf] O{ cfO;n} +l8og

tf] sf] O{ la|l6z h} ;f . ;d: t ;+;f/ s] hfltof] + s] dg'io Do"lhod d] + ;hfs/ / v] hfg] sL t/ x jxfF df} h"b y] . d} +g] pGx] + ljx+ud b[li6 ;] b] vf cf} / rlst xf] s/ pgs] aLr kx'Frf . ljZj s] ;Dk"0f{ / fi6«f] + s] dg'iof] + s] O; hd36 d] + d'em h} ;] nf] uf] + sf kx'Frgf tf] Ps a8Þf Tof] xf/ sL xL t/ x yf . O;lnP ef] h d] + lgd+q0f g xf] g] s] afjh"b eL d} +g] ;+sf] r gxL+ dfgf cf} / p;d] + ;xefuL xf] uof .

oxL sf/ 0f yf ls d] xdfgf] + s] aLr ;xh xf] g] d] + d'em] sl7gfO{ xf] / xL yL . Ps ;'Gb/ dlxnf lh;sf cfw] jIf gUg y] , d] / f xfy ks8Þs/ b";/ L cf] / d'em] vL+rt] cFu|] hL efiff d] + af] nL, …nf] Ps gP b] z ;] Ps gjfuGt's cf kx'Frf .Ú lkm/ d'em;] k"5f ls …t'd ls; b] z ;] xf] <Ú

d} +g] sxf, …g] kfn ;] .Újx d'em] k|To] s 6] a'n k/ n] uO{ cf} /

ljleGg efiffcf] + d] + d] / f kl/ ro s/ fof . d} +g] ;a;] xfy ldnfof cf} / pgsf clejfbg lsof . sxgf gxL+ xf] uf ls jxfF ;d"r] / fi6« s] ljlzi6 cf} / k|l;4 nf] u hdf x'P y] . a8Þ] a8Þ] g] tf, / fi6«klt, k|wfgd+qL, slj, n] vs, ufos, gt{sL, s'nklt, j} 1flgs, k|fWofks, pBf] uklt, k|aGws cflb . pgs] aLr d} + : jo+ sf] af} gf dx;"; s/ / xf yf . O;s] afjh"b d} + v8Þf yf .

cGt d] + p;g] d'em] Ps P] ;] 6] a'n k/ la7fof hxfF kxn] xL ;] tLg rf/ nf] u a} 7] x'P y] . p;g] sxf, …O;L 6] a'n k/ a} 7 s/ xd cfh s] clGtd ef] h sf cfgGb n] + . nf] ox a|fG8L ;] e/ f lunf; .Ú d} +g] xfy d] + lunf; n] lnof cf} / p;] cfTdLo ;dem ljgf zd{ k"5 a} 7f, …s[kof atfPF cfh ox ls; pknIo d] + ef] h x} <Ú cfZro{rlst xf] s/ lj: kmfl/ t cfFvf] + ;] d'em] b] vt] x'P xF;t] x'P p;g] b";/ ] ;] sxf, …b] vf] ox s} ;f cg"7f cfbdL x} . ox k"5 / xf x} cfh s} ;f ef] h x} <Ú d] / L cf] /

cfZro{rlst lgufxf] + ;] b] vt] x'P p;g] lkm/ k"5f, …Sof ;r d] + t'Dx] + gxL+ ktf ls cfh ls; lnP ox ef] h x} <Ú d} +g] z/ dft] x'P pQ/ lbof, …d} + tf] 3'dt] 3'dft] oxfF cf kx'Frf, d] / ] kf; tf] lgd+q0f kq eL gxL+ x} . Sof s?F d} + rnf hfpFm <Ú d} + zd{ ;] kfgL kfgL xf] uof . Sof] +ls / +u] xfy ks8Þ] uP rf] / sL t/ x d] / L l: ylt yL .

p;g] em6k6 sxf, …gxL+ gxL+ t'Dx] + ktf gxL+ x} tf] Sof x'cf < ;'gf] d} + t'Dx] + atftL x"F, cfh ox ljZj sf clGtd ef] h x} . O; t/ x sf ef] h k[YjL k/ seL gxL+ xf] kfof . cfh sL / ft s] afb k[YjL k/ lkm/ seL / ft gxL+ xf] uL . ca ;dem d] + cfof <Ú

d} +g] l;/ lxnfs/ xfdL e/ L . d] / ] dl: tis d] + dfq lgd+q0fkq 3"d / xf yf . cu/ lgd+q0fkq xf] tf tf] d'em] O; t/ x nlHht gxL+ xf] gf k8Þtf .

n] lsg jx pNnl;t xf] t] x'P sxtL rnL uO{, …O; k[YjL k/ ca seL / ft gxL+ xf] uL . oxL clGtd / ft x} . oxfF ;+;f/ s] ;d: t / fi6«f] + s] kbflwsfl/ of] + s] ;fy dxfg JolStu0f Ps cleofg cf} / Ps p2] Zo sf] n] s/ hdf x'P x} + . P] ;L ;xdlt ljZj s] / fi6«f] + d] + O;;] kxn] seL gxL+ b] vL uO{ . ox Ps cg'kd 36gf x} . ox cg'kd 36gf k[YjL k/ lkm/ seL gxL+ b'x/ fO{ hfPuL . ;dem] < ;'ax xf] g] ;] kxn] oxfF pkl: yt a8Þ] a8Þ] / fi6«] + s] / fi6«klt, k|wfgd+qL ckg] ckg] b] z d] + P] ;] k/ dfb] z e] h] +u] ls pgs] b] zf] + s] ;Dk"0f{ cf0fljs z: qf: q cf} / c0f'ad Ps xL ;do d] + Ps xL af/ lj: kmf] 6 s/ lbP hfPFu] cf} / k[YjL s] 6's8Þ] –6's8Þ] s/ lbP hfPFu] . O;sf cGt xf] hfPuf . dg'io sf] k[YjL k/ a8ÞL ljho ldn] uL . O;lnP cfh sL Ps dfq clGtd / ft d] + O; k|Llt ef] h sf cfof] hg lsof uof x} . cfh xd ;a O; dxfg ef] h d] + ljhof] T;j dgfPF .Ú

jx z/ fa sf Kofnf uj{ ;] ckg] xf] 7f] + ts n] uO{ cf} / ;ag] uDeL/ tfk"j{s P] ;f xL lsof . n] lsg d} + lunf; gxL+ p7f kfof . s} ;] d} + k[YjL s] cGt k/ ljhof] T;j dgf ;stf x"F < cGttM d} + lunf; jxL+ km] +s s/ efug] nutf x"F . sn ;"of] {bo xf] g] ;] kxn] k[YjL sf ;j{gfz xf] uf, ox aft d] / f kL5f s/ / xL x} . d} + e"vf bf} 8Þ / xf x"F . d] / L Kof/ L w/ tL sn gxL+ / x] uL Û pkm Û sn gxL+ / x] uL Û d} + ld6\6L ;"F3 s/ efutf x"F .

-;fef/ M nf] slk|o g] kfnL sxflgofF, cg'jfb M s'df/ ;lRrbfgGb l;+x_

g] kfnL efiff ;] cg"lbt

clGtd ef] hljho dNn


k':ts ;dLIff

…lxdflngLÚ s] ;'wL kf7s ;zQm gf/ L x: tfIf/ pkGof;sf/ sljtf kf} 8] n s] gfd ;] kl/ lrt x} + . d} +g] OgsL cfTdsyf …sfF8f 3f/ Lsf] ofqfÚ k9Þ s/ OgsL hfb'O{ snd ;] kl/ ro k|fKt lsof yf . gf/ LjfbL sxfgL n] vg d] + eL OGx] + dxf/ t xfl;n x} , …l/ dfÚ sxfgL ;+u|x O; aft sf k'Vtf k|df0f k] z s/ tf x} . Ogs] s'5 pkGof;f] + sf] k9Þg] s] afb O; sxfgL ;+u|x sf] k9Þg] ;] nutf x} n] lvsf g] g] kfnL ;dfh sL x/ sdL–sdhf] / L sf] ghbLs ;] dx;"; lsof x} cf} / p;L hHa] sf] pGxf] +g] Og sxflgof] + d] + ps] / f x} .

O; ;+u|x d] + ;qx sxflgof] + sf] lk/ f] of uof x} . x/ sxfgL s'5 gf s'5 ;Gb] z b] tL x} . n] lvsf g] kxf8Þ cf} / t/ fO{ bf] gf] + If] qf] + d] + ckgf ;do u'hf/ f x} . x/ sxfgL O; aft sL ;fIfL x} .

xdf/ ] ;dfh d] + sf} g ;L ;d: of gxL+ x} < oxfF hftLo e] befj ca eL ;d"n gi6 gxL+ xf] ;sf x} . a] / f] huf/ L sL ;d: of s] rnt] ljb] z knfog s/ g] jfnf] + sL tfbfb lbg–j–lbg a9ÞtL hf / xL x} . cGwljZjf; s] rnt] x/ ;fn s'5 dlxnf sf] 8fog s/ f/ b] s/ hnLn lsof hftf x} . lstg] aLdf/ tf] cfw'lgs pkrf/ s]

abn] emf8Þ km"+s s/ g] jfnf] + s] rSs/ d] + ckgL hfg u+jf a} 7t] x} + . nfjfl/ ; aRr] ;8Þs 5fk lhGbuL hL / x] x} + tf] cR5] –cR5] 3/ f] + s] a'h'u{ eL ckg] xL 3/ d] + a] ufg] ;] ag s/ lhGbuL a;/ s/ g] sf] dha"/ x} + . cft+sjflbof] + g] lstgf] + sL u[x: yL phf8ÞL O;] sf} g atf ;stf x} < ljb] zf] + d] + g] kfnL dlxnfcf] + sf xfn a] xfn x} , lh;] ;'gg] k/

lbn bxn hftf x} . …aRr] bf] xL cR5] Ú O; aft sf Px;f; ceL eL ax'tf] + sf] gxL+ x'cf x} . xd v'b sf] lhtgf eL k|ultzLn sx] + n] lsg lbgf] +–lbg zfbL–Jofx s] dfdn] d] + t8Þs–e8Þs lbvfjf, tfdemfd, n6s] –em6s] a9Þt] hf / x] x} + . P] ;] cg] s d'b\bf] sf] bzf{tL Og sxflgof] + ;] ¿–a–¿ xf] t] jQm kf7s seL sef/ P] ;f eL dx;"; s/ ;stf x} ls s'5 sxflgof] + d] + k|ultzLntf s] k|lt cfu|x s'5 Hofbf xL x} . syfsf/ O; cf] / h/ f ;fjwfgL a/ t+] tf] ;f] g] d] + ;'xfuf xf] hfP . v} / ===Û

k|: t't sxfgL ;+u|x g] a8ÞL v"aL ;] ;dfh s] d'b\bf] + sf] p7fof x} . O;s] lnP syfsf/ sljtf kf} 8] n hL sf]

d'af/ s afb tf] b] gf xL xf] uf . cfg] jfn] lbgf] + d] + g] kfnL kf7s pg;] cf} / a] xt/ sxflgof] + sL pDdLb nufP a} 7] uf . pDdLb x} , j] kf7sf] + sf] gfpDdLb gf s/ ] +uL .

k|: t'ltM d's'Gb cfrfo{

;[li6 cfksL b[li6 xdf/ L

k': ts M l/ dfljwf M cfVofg -sxfgL ;+u|x_

/ rgfsf/ M sljtf kf} 8] n;Dkfbs M 8f= slknb] j nfld5fg]

k|sfzs M k|l>t k|lti7fg g] kfn

d"No M !#!÷–

sljtfP+

jgdfnf s] uLtf] + ;flgh{g d] + lav/ f x} dw'df;Og s'+hf] d] + vf] h / xf x} ;"gf sf] gf d+b atf; ÛgL/ j ge s] gogf] + k/ lxntL x} + / hgL sL cns] +hfg] ls;sf k+y b] vtL+la5 s/ km"nf] + sL kns] + Ûdw'/ rfFbgL wf] hftL x} vfnL slnof] + s] Kofn] ,lav/ ] ;] x} + tf/ cfhd] / L jL0ff s] dtjfn] .

– dxfb] jL jdf{

ofbf] + s] em/ f] v] ;]

d]/L cw"/L sljtf

zNo z}of k/ n]6f d}+, h]xg d]+ Ps ;}nfa cfofzfGt xf] hfP u/ km'bstL Ot/ftL s+rg sfofjfik ag p8Þ rn] kv]? ha 5f]8Þ ;f/L dfofrn]uL aft]+ ulnof/f] d]+ s'5 xf]+uL kGgf] k/ag]uL a}n]G; l;6 Sof vf]of d}g]+ Sof kfof .

efFtL efFtL s] nf]u s/]+u] leGg–leGg aft]+5f]8Þ rnf Ps cf}/ gfbfg la;/ ckgf k/fofb]v /x uO{ d'¶Lof v'nL xfy s'5 gf cfof5"6 uO{ dfofjL b'lgof ¿7f v'b sf ;fof .

slx ;'gL dfkm s/gf b'lgof jfnf],Ps u':tfvL cf}/ s¿+uf/jfguL lgsn]uL ;/] afhf/d}+ b"Nxf /fdgfdL cfj/0f d]+ ;hf ;hfof .rn]+u] af/ftL g+u] kfFj ;/ em'sfP,d:t n]6f sGwf]+ k/ d}+ lr/lgb|f d]+ ;dfof .

u0f]z nf7

Zofd z] v/ emf

k|] d : g] x sL aft sxfF <cf3ft cf} / k|lt3ft oxfF .d'lZsn d] + xf] tf ha sf] O{,x} xfy < a9ÞfPF xfy sxfF < k|] d cf} / hHaft sxfF <cfzf sL ls/ 0f k|eft sxfF <: g] x sL x} a/ ;ft sxfF <x} xf/ hLt cf} / dft oxfF . ;fy sxfF b] tf sf] O{ <sfn / flq x} / ft oxfF .d+lhn 9"+9" bLof n] s/ ,9"F9" s} ;] cf} sft sxfF <

cgle1 cf} / clehft oxfF,cfnfk, ljnfk, k|nfk oxfF .kfq, ckfq, s'kfq oxfF,hdft sf x} pTkft oxfF .

x} gh/ nuL, ls;sL oxfF,hfg] ls;sf clezfk oxfF <cju'0f sf x} cfoft oxfF,;'v–r} g sf lgof{t oxfF . pnem] ;a x} + sf] nfxn d] +,aLt] P] ;] lbg / ft oxfF .hLjg ult x} em/ em/ lge{m/ cfF;" sL x} a/ ;ft oxfF . hf] s/ t] x] / fkm] / L x} +,xf] hft] x} + k|Voft oxfF .;~hg sL oxfF b'u{lt xf] tLb] tf gxL+ sf] O{ ;fy oxfF . d'lZsn d] + xf] tf ha sf] O{,x} xfy < a9fPF xfy sxfF <

xfy ls;sf yfd] + <


pk/ fi6«klt k/ dfgGb emf s] k|d'v cfltYo d] + / fli6«o pRr dfWolds ljBfno s] ^)j] + jflif{s pT;j s] cj;/ k/ k'/ : sf/ ljt/ 0f Pj+ : dfl/ s ljdf] rg sfo{qmd ;DkGg x'cf . pQm sfo{qmd d] + …OGb|o0fL s';'dÚ gfds : dfl/ sf pk/ fi6«klt åf/ f ljdf] lrt sL uO{ . tyf ut jflif{s, P;Pn;L cf} / !)±@ s] pTs[i6 ljBfyL{ sf] k'/ : sf/ k|bfg lsof uof . ljBfno sf jflif{s k|ltj] bg k|frfo{ clgns'df/ emf åf/ f k|: t't lsof uof cf} / pgs] sfo{ sf pRr d"Nof+sg s/ t] x'P sfo{s'zntf s] lnP k|frfo{ clgns'df/ emf ;lxt lzIfs dx] Gb|axfb'/ s6'jfn nufot ^ lzIfsf] + sf] ;Ddflgt lsof uof . pQm sfo{qmd d] + sf7df+8" lhnf s] lh=lz=c a} s'07 cof{n g] eL ckgf z'esfdgf–dGtJo k|: t't lsof . ljBfno Joj: yfkg ;ldlt s] cWoIf pk] Gb| v8\sf s] ;efkltTj d] + sfo{qmd ;DkGg x'cf yf .

pk/ fi6«kltåf/ f k|frfo{ emf ;Ddflgt

sf7dfG8f} xoft / ] ;Lh] G;L d] + ef/ t s] ^*j] + : jt+qtf lbj; s] cj;/ k/ g] kfn ef/ t k|m} +8lzk cfu{gfOh] zg g] 6js{ s] b\jf/ f Ps z'esfdgf sfo{s|d cfof] lht lsof uof . sfo{s|+d sL cWoIftf lgkmf] g sL sf] l8{g] 6/ r+bf rf} w/ L g] lsof . k|d'v cltly cf} / ljz] if cltly s] ¿k d] + sfo{s|d d] + ljb] zd+qL dx] Gb|gfy kf08] o cf} / ef/ tLo / fhb"t / +hLt / fo, b"tfjf; s] k|yd ;lrj ceo s'df/ , / fh] Gb| dxtf] h} ;] u0fdfGo JolSt sL ul/ dfdo pkl: ylt yL . : jfut d+tJo cWoIf r+bf rf} w/ L s] b\jf/ f lbof uof . ef/ t sL : jt+qtf d] + dw] z sL e"ldsf cf} / alnbfg sf] ofb lsof uof .

cWoIff r+bf rf} w/ L g] sxf ls dw] z ;] ef/ t sf l/ Ztf ;lbof] + k'/ fgf x} . ef/ t s] : jt+qtf ;+u|fd d] + dw] z sL w/ tL g] ef/ t sf ;fy lbof cfh eL Og bf] gf] + s] aLr s] l/ Zt] sf] cf} / eL k|uf9tf sL cfjZostf x} . ef/ tLo / fhb"t dxfdxLd / +hLt / fo g] O; aft k/ ljz] if an lbof ls ca ts ef/ t cf} / g] kfn s] aLr hf] ;f+: s[lts cf} / ;fdflhs ;DaGw y] p;] ca ljsf; gLlt s] ;DaGwf] + d] + kl/ 0ft s/ g] sL cfjZostf x} Sof] +ls O; gLlt s] txt xL ef/ t cf} / g] kfn sf ljsf; ;Dej x} .

ha ljZj s] cGo b] zf] + d] + ljsf; sL

ult OtgL tLj| x} tf] sf] O{ sf/ 0f gxL+ x} ls ;fs{ b] z ljsl;t g xf] + . a; cfjZostf ;Defjgfcf] + sf] ;demg] sL x} cf} / p; / fx k/ ;dembf/ L s] ;fy cfu] a9Þg] sL x} . pGxf] +g] g] kfn d] + cfP k|fs[lts cfkbf s] lnP ef/ tLo ;/ sf/ b\jf/ f ;xof] ufy{ $* c/ a cg'bfg / flz sL eL 3f] if0ff sL cf} / ;+s6u|: t hgtf s] lnP ckgL ;+j] bgf eL JoSt sL . ljb] z d+qL dfggLo dx] Gb| kf08] o g] eL O; aft k/ ljz] if an lbof ls ef/ tLo k|wfgd+qL s] g] kfn

e|d0f ;] hf] l: ylt abnL x} p;] cf} / eL dha"tL k|bfg sL hfo . g] kfn s] ljsf; d] + ef/ tLo ;xof] u hf] ldn / xf x} cf} / cfu] eL ldng] jfnf x} p;;] g] kfn sf] k"/ f nfe n] gf k8Þf . pGxf] +g] cfzf htfO{ ls g] kfn ef/ t d} qL eljio d] + cf} / eL dha"tL ;] cfu] a9Þ] uf . z'esfdgf d+tJo d] + ef/ t cf} / g] kfn sL d} qL sf] cf} / eL k|uf9Þ agfg] sL ck] Iff sL uO{ . c+t d] + k|d'v cltly cf} / ljz] if cltly sf] pkxf/ : j¿k a'4 sL d'lt{ k|bfg sL uO{ .

ef/ t s] ^*j] + : jt+qtf lbj; k/ lgkmf] g b\jf/ f z'esfdgf sfo{qmd sf cfof] hg

;dfrf/

a'l4dQf s]jn ;To d]+ af; s/ tL x} . –u]6]

g] kf n ;/ sf / ;"rgf tyf ;~rf / dGqf no

;"rgf l jef u

s'g} klg JolQmn] hft, hflt / cGt/ hftLo ljjfxsf cfwf/ df kl/ jf/ sf ;b: onfO{ alxisf/ ug] {, 3/ leq k|j] z ug{ glbg] , ufpF lgsfnf ug,{] To: tfaf6 hlGdPsf ;Gtfgsf] Gjf/ fg gug] { h: tf e] befjk"0f{ sfo{ ug{', u/ fpg' x'Fb} g .

To: tf] sfo{ ug] { JolQmnfO{ hftLo e] befj tyf 5'jf5't s;'/ / ;hfo P] g, @)^*

adf] lhd tLg dlxgfb] lv tLg jif{;Dd s} b jf Ps xhf/ b] lv kRrL; xhf/ ¿k} ofF;Dd

hl/ jfgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g] 5 .


ko{6g÷:yfg kl/ro

lxdflngL ;+jfbbftf

k|fs[lts vhfg] sf dflns x} g] kfn, b] jtfcf] + cf} / Clif d'lgof] + sL e"ld x} g] kfn . pmk/ jfn] g] ckl/ ldt ;f} +bo{ lbof x} g] kfn sf] . s0f–s0f d] + O{Zj/ x} + cf} / O;L qmd d] + uf] ;fO{+s'08 sL eL rrf{ xf] tL x} . ox / ;'jf lhn] d] + cjl: yt x} . oxfF O{Zj/ Lo ;f} Gbo{ cf} / zf+lt k|fKt xf] tL x} dfgj sf] . ko{6g, g} ;lu{s ;f} bo{ cf} / wd{: yn s] ¿k d] + uf] ;fO{s'08 hfgf hftf x} . oxfF ts kx'Frg] s] lnP cfTdan cf} / O{R5fzlSt bf] gf] + sL cfjZostf x} Sof] +ls / f: tf ;xh gxL+ x} .

sf7df+8" ;] hfg] s] lnP afnfh' ;] a; åf/ f cyjf ckgL lghL ;jf/ L ;] g'jfsf] 6, lqz"nL xf] t] x'P w'Gr] gfds hux k/ kx'Frgf k8Þtf x} . oxfF ts sL b"/ L nueu !!& lsnf] dL6/ sL x} , lh;] to s/ g] d] + * ;] ( 3+6] nut] x} + . / flq lj>fd w'Gr] d] + s/ gf k8Þtf x} p;s] afb sf ;km/ k} bn to s/ gf xf] tf x} . ;LwL r9ÞfO{ r9ÞgL xf] tL x} . vGbL, l9d;f ;] rGbgaf/ L kx'Fr s/ Ps / ft jxfF eL u'hf/ gL k8ÞtL x} . tL;/ ] lbg Rof] nf+ukf6L, nf} / Lljgf psfnL, a'4 8fF8f ;] xf] t] x'P s'08 kx'Frf hftf x} . oxfF ts kx'Frg] d] + ^ ;] * 3+6] k} bn rngf k8Þtf x} . O; t/ x oxfF ts kx'Frg] d] + tLg lbg nu hft] x} + . kxf8ÞL / f: tf xf] g] s] sf/ 0f sl7gfO{ tf] xf] tL x} lkm/ eL lxdfno s] ;f} Gbo{ sf] lgxf/ t] x'P / f: tf ;xh xf] hftf x} . / f: t] d] + hux–hux k/ / xg] cf} / vfg] kLg] sL Joj: yf x} . seL–seL afl/ z sL jhx ;] kxf8Þ ;] ld6\6L of r6\6fg s] lu/ g] ;] / f: tf aflwt xf] hftf x} ta ofqL sf] k} bn xL / f: tf to s/ gf k8Þtf x} . j} ;] tf] ;'Gb/ Lhn xf] t] x'P 7f8] kf6L, ;"o{s'08 s] / f: t] ;] eL uf] ;fO{+s'08 hfof hf ;stf x} n] lsg O;;] Hofbf cR5f / f: tf w'Gr] jfnf x} . oxfF b} lgs bf] xhf/ ts ¿kP vr{ xf] hft] x} + . a; sL ;'ljwf gxL+ xf] g] s] sf/ 0f ;fdfg 9f] g] s] lnP vRr/ ldn hft] x} + . j[4f] + cf} / c;dyf] {+ s] lnP 3f] 8Þ] sL ;jf/ L pknAw x} .

lxGb' wd{zf: q d] + uf] ;fO{+s'08 sf] eujfg lzj ;] ;DalGwt dfgf hftf x} . sxf hftf x} ls ha b] j cf} / bfgj d] + o'4 x'cf tf] bfgjf] + sL ljho x'O{ . kmn: j¿k cTofrf/ sf af] njfnf xf] uof . c+ttM b] ju0f eujfg lji0f' s] kf; kx'Fr] cf} / ckgL ;d: of ;'gfO{ . ta eujfg lji0f' g] pGx] + bfgjf] + s] ;fy ;d'b| d+yg sL ;nfx bL . b] jtfcf] + g]

nf] s sNof0f x] t' axnf km';nf s/ bfgjf] + sf] ;d'b| d+yg s] lnP t} of/ s/ lnof . ha d+yg x'cf tf] sO{ ax'd"No j: t' ;d'b| ;] lgsnf . p;L qmd d] + ljif eL ldnf, lh;s] kfg ;] b] j cf} / bfgj d/ g] nu] . pgsL ;'/ Iff x] t' eujfg lzj g] ljif kfg lsof . lh;s] afb pGx] + Kof; nuL . Kof; a'emfg] s] lnP pGxf] +g] lqz"n ;] kxf8Þ d] + k|xf/ lsof lh;;] u+uf sf kfgL lgsnf hf] s'08 d] + ;+lrt x'cf cf} / jxL uf] ;fO{+s'08 sxnfof . eujfg lzj g] p;L hn ;] ckgL tfk ld6fO{ cf} / Kof; a'emfO{ tTkZrft\ : jo+ p; s'08 d] + lj/ fhdfg xf] uP . lh;sL jhx ;] O; s'08 sL cTolws dxQf x} . sxt] x} + O;d] + Ps af/ : gfg s/ n] g] ;] ;eL kfkf] + ;] d'lSt ldn hftL x} . ox / f] rs syf k'/ f0ff] + d] + pknAw x} . tfdf+u ;d'bfo s] lnP eL uf] ;fO{+s'08 sL cTolws dxQf x} . lxGb'wdf{jnDaL cf} / af} 4 wdf{jnDaL bf] gf] + s] lnP ox : yfg kljq wd{e"ld x} . h] i7 dfx d] + xf] g] jfn] u+uf bzx/ f cf} / >fj0f k"l0f{df d] + lxGb' wdf{jnDaL s'08 d] + : gfg s/ g] s] lnP cft] x} + . tfdf+u ;d'bfo eL >fj0f k"l0f{df d] + emfFsL n] s/ gfrt] –uft] jxfF hft] x} + . pgsf ljZjf; x} ls ;] ;] af] Gkf] uLt ufg] ;] dgf] sfdgf k"0f{ xf] tL x} . j} lbs tfdf+u zf: q d] + …uf] Ú sf cy{ l;/ xf] tf x} cf} / …;fÚ sf cy{ ld6\6L x} cyf{t\ lxdfno e"ld d] + ox s'08 cjl: yt xf] g] s] sf/ 0f O;] uf] ;fO{+ s'08 sxf uof x} . tfdf+u efiff d] + s'08 sf] sfk'{5f] s] / -;km] b s'08_, Uof] , x\j] cflb eL sxf hftf x} . tfdf+u ;d'bfo s] xL uf] n] j+z s] nf] u s'08 d] + gxL+ hft] x} + . : yfgLo nf] s ;+: s[lt cf} / uLt g[To ;a sf dg df] x n] t] x} + . ljb] zL ko{6sf] + s] lnP ox ;a;] cfsif{0f sf s] Gb| xf] tf x} . a'4 r} To ;] pmk/ kx'Frg] k/ cGgk"0ff{ cf} / sO{ lxdfno >[+vnfcf] + sf cjnf] sg xf] tf x} . akm{ ;] cfR5flbt rf] l6ofF P] ;L nutL x} + dfgf] rfFbL s] uxgf] + ;] p;g] : jo+ sf] 9Fs lnof xf] . rfFbgL sf cfj/ 0f, tf] sxL+ ;"o{

sL ls/ 0ff] + ;] : jl0f{d xf] tf cfsfz dg sf] ;Ddf] lxt s/ n] tf x} . b[Zo P] ;] ls gh/ ] + gf x6] + . uf] ;fO{+s'08 s] ;dLk xL sO{ s'08 x} +, e} / js'08 ;Ltfs'08 cflb lhgsL dxQf eL uf] ;fO{+s'08 sL xL t/ x x} + . wfld{s cf: yf sf tf] ox s] Gb| x} xL, ko{6sLo b[li6sf] 0f ;] eL ox cb\e't x} .

uf] ;fO{+s'08 hfg] s] lnP k"/ L t} of/ L sL cfjZostf xf] tL x} . u/ d sk8Þ] , l: nlk+u a} u, a/ ;ftL, 5ftf, 6fr{, gLr] la5fs/ a} 7g] s] lnP Knfl: 6s ;L6, P] ;] h"t] hf] g lkm;n] cflb j: t'P+ ckg] ;fy h¿/ / vgL rflxP . ;ts{tf s] lnP k|fylds pkrf/ sL ;fdu|L eL / vgL rflxP . t/ n kbfy{ sf ;] jg cR5f xf] tf x} . / f: tf x8Þa8ÞL d] + to gxL+ s/ gf rflxP P] ;f s/ g] ;] c: j: y xf] g] sL ;+efjgf clws xf] hftL x} . ax't ;fjwfgL s] ;fy pmk/ r9Þgf rflxP . / f: t] d] + Hofbf aft] + eL gxL+ s/ gL rflxP . cu/ pN6L sf cGb] zf xf] , rSs/ cfP, t'/ Gt–t'/ Gt n3'z+sf of bL3{z+sf hfg] sf dg s/ ] tf] 3a/ fgf gxL+ rflxP . P] ;f pmFrfO{ k/ r9Þg] s] sf/ 0f xf] tf x} . lsGt' cu/ Hofbf k/ ] zfgL xf] tf] gLr] cf hfgf rflxP .

eStf] + sL unt cfbtf] + sL jhx ;] s'08 d] + eL k|b"if0f xf] g] nuf x} . s'08 s] cf;kf; xf] 6n xf] g] s] sf/ 0f u+buL km} ng] nuL x} . cR5f xf] tf ls jxfF l;km{ d+lb/ xf] t] cf} / xf] 6n a'4 8fF8f d] + xL xf] t] . cf;kf; sr/ ] sL clwstf xf] uO{ x} , lh;sf plrt Joj: yfkg cTofjZos x} .

uf] ;fO{+s'08 ;] ;f} uft s] ¿k d] + rf} / L ufo s] b"w ;] ag] ofs rLh, dSvg, 5'kL{ cflb lnof hf ;stf x} . oxfF sf rLh cf} / cfn" sfkmL k|l;4 x} . rLh sf Jofkf/ tf] sfkmL cR5f x} . w'Gr] d] + / ;'jf sf cfn", lgx'/ f] , nfnLu'/ fF; sf h";, jfOg, tfdf+u 6f] kL, emf] nf cflb eL v/ Lbf hf ;stf x} . cu/ cfTdan xf] tf] Ps af/ uf] ;fO{+s'08 sL ofqf cjZo s/ gL rflxP .

kfkgflzgL uf] ;fO{s'08:jf:Yo

ljBfgfy emf, k|wfgfrfo{

j} ZjLs/ 0f s] O; o'u d] + ljZj s] ls;L eL sf] g] d] + pknAw sf] O{ u'0fjQfk"0f{ pTkfb of pkof] uL pkfud clws ;do ts b] z–b'lgof nf] uf] + sL gh/ f] + ;] cf] emn gxL+ / x ;stf . pQ/ laxf/ s] ldlynf If] q s] hnfzof] + d] + pkhg] jfnf dvfgf Ps P] ;L xL hnjg: klt x} lh;s] vfB Pj+ cf} ifwLo u'0ff] + k/ cfh ef/ t ;lxt hfkfg, rLg Pj+ sf] l/ of h} ;] b] zf] + d] + ljifb\ zf] wsfo{ ;DkGg xf] / x] x} .

vfB ;'/ Iff sL h¿/ tf] + sf] Wofg d] + / vt] x'P ljZj e/ s] j} 1flgs gO{ jg: kltof] + sL vf] h d] + nu] x'P x} + . ckg] pQd u'0fjQf jfn] k|f] 6Lg Pj+ : 6fr{ s] sf/ 0f dvfgf Ps pQd vfB x} Pj+ sO{ / f] uf] + d] + u'0fsf/ L xf] g] s] sf/ 0f O;] ;f] ofaLg sL t/ x Ps …vfBf} iflwÚ sL >] 0fL d] + / vf hf ;stf x} . j;f sL gu0o dfqf O;] df] 6fkf ;] u|: t nf] uf] + x] t' pko'Qm cfxf/ agftL x} cf} / ljsl;t b] zf] + d] + O;s] lgof{t sL ;+efjgf sf] a9ÞftL x} . O;s] cltl/ Qm dvfgf sf nfjf Pj+ O;s] ljleGg efuf] + d] + ;"Id kf] ifs tTjf] + P+j h} j/ ;fogf] + sL pkl: ylt s] sf/ 0f O;] cfo'j{] b, o"gfgL Pj+ cGo b] zf] + sL b] zh lrlsT;f k4ltof] + d] + : yfg ldnf x'cf x} .

dvfgf zAb ;+: s[t s] …dvfGgÚ ;] lgsnf x} lh;sf cy{ x} o1 sf cGg . cfo'j{] b d] + O;s] u'0ff] + sL t'ngf sdn s] cf} ifwLo u'0ff] + ;] sL uoL x} . ldlynf If] q d] + cflZjg k"l0f{df s] lbg dgfo] hfg] jfn] j} jflxs kj{ …sf] hfu/ fÚ s] cj;/ k/ aw" kIf sL cf] / ;] j/ kIf sf] lglZrt ¿k ;] dvfgf ;+b] z s] ¿k d] + e] hf hftf x} lh;] ;eL cfut cltlyof] + sf] ;: g] x k/ f] ;f hftf x} .

dlxnfcf] + d] + k|;jf] k/ fGt b'a{ntf sf] b"/ s/ g] d] + O;sL ljz] if e"ldsf xf] tL x} . nvgpm l: yt s] Gb|Lo cf} iflw cg';Gwfg ;+: yfg d] + x'P Ps zf] w d] + O;d] + / f] uk|lt/ f] wL Ifdtfj4{s u'0ff] + sL pkl: ylt sL k'li6 x'O{ x} . gO{ lbNnL l: yt hfldof xdbb{ ljZjljBfno s] kf] if0f j} 1flgsf] + g] k|;jf] k/ fGt : tgkfg s/ fg] jfnL dlxnfcf] + x] t' Ps ;+kf] ifs lh;d] + d] d] yL, aa"n s] uf] +b Pj+ ;"vL cb|v s] ;fy dvfgf sf] eL ;lDdlnt lsof uof x} .

dvfg] d] + &* k|ltzt sfaf{] xfO8«] 6

d'VotM : 6fr{ s] ¿k d] + pkl: yt xf] tf x} . O;s] : 6fr{ sf kl/ df0f ;"Idtd xf] tf x} . O;d] + k|f] 6Lg sL dfqf !) ;] !@ k|ltzt ts xf] tL x} lh;d] + cfjZos cdLgf] cDnf] + sf ;"rsf+s () k|ltzt s] cf;kf; xf] tf x} hf] O;] k|f] 6Lg u'0fjQf s] k|;+u d] + d5nL cf} / df+; s] ;dt'No : yflkt s/ tf x} . O;s]

cltl/ Qm O;s] ljleGg efuf] + d] + ;"Id kf] ifs tTjf] + sL eL k|r'/ tf xf] tL x} . O;sf pmhf{dfg #@* lsnf] s} nf] / L k|lt !))PS;kL d] + xf] tf x} hals sRr] aLh s] vfB efu sf pmhf{dfg #^@ lsnf] s} nf] / L k|lt !))PS;kL xf] tf x} .

cGo km;nf] + sL h} ljs v] tL ;] k|] / 0ff n] s/ dvfgf pTkfbs ls;fg eL …h} ljs dvfgfÚ s] pTkfbg sL cf] / pGd'v xf] / x] x} + . ck] Iffs[t clws k"FhL jfn] ls;fg O; lbzf d] + pbfx/ 0f k|: t't s/ ;st] x} . cfdtf} / k/ O;d] + lbSst ox x} ls dvfgf hnfzo sL rf/ f] + cf] / pmFr] v] tf] + d] + k|o'Qm cjlzi6 h} j/ ;fog / ;folgs pj{/ s, df/ sgfifL cflb, sf] jiff{ s] kfgL s] ;fy axs/ cfg] ;] / f] sf gxL+ hf ;stf . afhf/ d] + pknAw dvfgf nfj] s] / f;folgs ljZn] if0f s] qmd d] + xdg] kfof ls cf} / u] gf] Snf] / Lg df/ sgfifL sL cjlzi6 dfqf lgwf{l/ t dfgsf] + ;] Hofbf yL+ . ljsl;t b] zf] + d] + h} ljs dvfgf s] lgof{t sL ;+efjgf sf] a9Þfg] s] lnP xd] + O; tYo sL cf] / Wofg b] gf xf] uf .

dvfg] sf pkof] u d'VotM e'g] nfj] s] ¿k d] + xf] tf x} . O;s] cltl/ Qm dvfgf

;] xnjf, sf] km\tf, dvfgf bd cfn", bfn dvfgL cflb eL agfo] hft] x} + . ef/ tLo s[lif cg';+wfg kl/ ifb s] tTjfjwfg d] + …Tjl/ t dvfgf kfo;Ú agfg] sL ljlw k/ k] 6] G6 k|fKt s/ g] sL k|lqmof rn / xL x} . k|s[lt ;+/ If0f s] k|lt ;dlk{t ;+: yf lj1fg Pj+ kof{j/ 0f s] Gb| gO{ lbNnL sL cf] / ;] …

km: 6{ km'8Ú gfds Ps k': ts k|sflzt sL uoL x} lh;d] + ef/ t d] + sO{ cGo ef] Ho kbfyf{] + s] ;fy dvfgf sf] hnkfg s] ¿k d] + pkof] u sL rrf{ ljifb\ ¿k d] + sL uoL x} .

ef/ t d] + dvfgf sf pkof] u Ps xjg–;fdu|L s] ¿k d] + eL xf] tf cfof x} . cfdtf} / k/ nfj] sf k|of] u O; x] t' xf] tf x} . xfn d] + nvgpm l: yt / fi6«Lo jg: klt cg';Gwfg ;+: yfg s] jg: klt–;"IdhLj cGtMlqmof ;+efu s] j} 1flgsf] + g] cGo jfg: klts pTkfbf] + s] ;fy dvfg] s] ;"v] kf} w] sf] ckg] k|of] u d] + ;lDdlnt lsof cf} / kl/ 0ffd d] + ox kfof ls O;;] jfo'd08n d] + pkl: yt hLjf0f'cf] + sL ;3gtf d] + sfkmL sdL cfoL . ox zf] w lgisif{ …cf} ifwLo w"d ;] jfojLo hLjf0f'cf] + sL ;+Vof sd xf] tL x} . O+l8og d] 6] l/ of d] l8sf d] + dvfgf s] kQf] + sf] ul7of d] + pkof] uL sxf uof x} . ¿;L j} 1flgsf] + s] zf] w ;] O;d+] ;] : SjL6/ lkg / ;fog ;d"x s] 8«ldg gfds Iff/ fe sf ktf rnf x} .

rLg d] + O;s] aLh s] cs{ ;] sfg s] bb{ s] lgjf/ 0f sL rrf{ x} . kfof] 8df{, xlg{of Pj+ l: qof] + d] + Zj] tk|b/ d] + O;] u'0fsf/ L dfgf uof x} .

v"a vfgf, dvfgf


d] ifM -r",r] ,rf,nf,nL,n',n] ,nf,c_ d] if / flzjfnf] + s] lnP dWo kmnbfos x} . dfx s] k"jf{4{ d] + si6, cnfe, zq'eo k/ t' k'q ;'v k|flKt, pQ/ f4{ d] + ljho, dfgj[l4, wgk|flKt k/ Gt' : qLsi6,k'?ifsi6 sf] gsf/ f gxL+ hf ;stf x} . cz'e tf/ LvM !,@,!),!!,!(,@),@$,@%,@(,#) cGo z'e .

j[ifM –-O,p,P,cf] ,jf,lj,j',j] ,jf] _ j[if / flzjfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx ldl>t kmnbfos x} . dfx s] k"jf{4{ d] + hxfF nfe,wgk|flKt x} jxL+ dfgxflg, Joo, / f] u tyf zf] s tyf pQ/ f4{ d] + b'v, cnfe k/ Gt' k'q ;'v . cz'e tf/ Lv M #,$,%,!@,!#,@!,@@,@#,@^,@&,@*,@(,#) cGo z'e . ;"o{ sL pkf;gf s/ ] + .

ldy'g-s,ls,s',3,ª,5,s] ,sf] ,x_ ldy'g / flzkmn jfnf] + s] lnP ldl>t kmnbfos x} . k"jf{4{ d] + wgk|flKt, ljho jxL+ zf] s tyf zq'eo sf] gsf/ f gxL+ hf ;stf, pQ/ f4{ d] + dfgxflg, / f] u k/ Gt' lsl~rt wgk|flKt sf of] u x} . cfk lji0f';x: q gfd sf kf7 s/ ] + . cz'e tf/ Lv M !,@,^,&,!$,!%,@$,@%,@(,#) cGo z'e .

ss{ M –-lx,x',x] ,xf] ,8f,8L,8',8] ,8f] _ ss{ / flzjfnf] + s] lnP dfx ;fdfGotof z'ebfos x} . dfx s] k"jf{4{ d] + wgfudg, ;'v k|flKt tyf sfo{l;l4 sf bz{gLo of] u x} tyf pQ/ f4{ ;fdfGotof z'ebfos xL x} . cz'e tf/ Lv M #,$,%,*,(,!^,!&,!*,@^,@&,@* cGo z'e .

l;+x –-d,ld,d',d] ,df] ,6,l6,6',6] _ ox dfx l;+x / flz jfnf] + s] lnP ldl>t kmnbfos x} . dfx s] k"jf{4 d] + wg k|flKt, ;'v k|flKt, zq'ljho k/ Gt' : yfg xflg / f] u tyf c1ft eo sL ;Defjgf tyf pQ/ f4{ cR5f x} . k/ Gt' cfsl: ds lrGtf sf of] u x} . u'? sL pkf;gf s/ ] + . d+q, çj[+ j[x: kto] gdM . cz'e tf/ Lv M !,@,&,*,!),!!,!(,@),@(,#) cGo z'e .

sGof – -6f] ,k,lk,k',if,0f,7,k] ,kf] _ sGof / flz jfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx ;fdfGo x} . k"jf{${ d] + zf/ Ll/ s si6, xflg k/ Gt' wgk|flKt tyf pQ/ f4{ d] + : yfgxflg, wgfudg, ljho tyf sfo{l;l4 xf] uL cfk s] lnP cf] d gdM lzjfo sf hfk nfes/ xf] uf . cz'e tf/ Lv M #,$,%,*,(,!@,!#,@!,@@,@# cGo z'e .

t'nf —-/ f,l/ ,/ ,/ ] ,/ f] ,t,lt,t',t] _ O; / flz jfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx z'ebfos gxL+ x} . dfx s] k"jf{4{ d] + cfo Joo a/ fa/ tyflk pGgltbfos tyf / fHokIf ;] nfe k/ Gt' pQ/ fw{ d] + ;fdfGotof si6bfos O;lnP b'uf{ ;KtztL sf kf7 s/ ] + . cz'e tf/ Lv M ^,&,!),!!,!$,!%,@$,@% cGo z'e .

j[lZrs – -tf] ,g,lg,g,g] ,gf] ,o,lo,o'_ O; / flz jfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx pQd x} . wgk|flKt, dfgj[l4, ;'vk|flKt, wd{sd{ d] + cle?lr sfo{l;l4 tyf rf} kfo nfe xf] uf . k/ Gt' aGwg sf cg'ej xf] uf . cz'e tf/ Lv M *,(,!@,!#,!^,!&,!*,@^,@&,@* cGo z'e .

wg' – -o] ,of] ,e,le,e',w,km,9,d] _ O; / flz jfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx ldl>t kmnbfos / x] uf . dfx s] k"jf{4{ d] + wd{ xflg, Joo xflg, Sn] z zq'j[l4 tyflk cf/ f] Uotf tyf ;'v sL cg'e"lt xf] uL . k/ Gt' pQ/ f4{ ;fdfGotof ;+tf] ifhgs / x] uf . cfk s] lnP lzjk"hg nfes/ xf] uf . cz'e tf/ Lv M !,@,!),!!,!$,!%,!(,@),@(, #) cGo z'e .

ds/ - ef] ,h,lh,lv,v',v] ,vf] ,u,lu_ ds/ / flz jfnf] + s] lnP eL ox dfx ;fdfGo x} . kL8Þf, ljklQ, kfl/ jfl/ s snx, dg r+rntf k/ Gt' wgk|flKt tyf / fHo kIf ;] nfe tyf pQ/ f4{ cfk s] lnP z'ebfos tyf nfek|b / x] uf . xg'dfg rfnL;f sf kf7 s/ ] + . cz'e tf/ Lv M #,$,%,!@,!#,!^,!&,!*,@!,@@,@# cGo z'e / x] uf .

s'De – -u',u] ,uf] ,;,l;,;',;] ,;f] ,b_ ox dfx ldl>t kmnbfos / x] uf . dfx s] k"jf{4{ d] + e|d0f, ;'v, nfe k/ Gt' zf/ Ll/ s si6 tyf pQ/ f4{ ptgf cR5f gxL+ . ;'Gb/ sf08 sf kf7 s/ ] + . cz'e tf/ Lv M ^,&,!$,!%,!(,@),@$,@% cGo z'e .

dLg -lb,b',y,em,~f,b] ,bf] ,r,lr_ dLg / flz jfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx ;fdfGotof z'ebfos / x] uf . k"jf{4{ d] + dfgj[l4, k'q;'v, lzIff d] + ;kmntf, ljho tyf sfo{l;4 xf] uf k/ Gt' zq' ;] ;fjwfg / x] + tyf pQ/ f4{ z'ek|b tyf nfek|b / x] uf . cz'e tf/ Lv M *,(,!&,!*,@!,@@,@#,@^,@&,@* cGo z'e .

-ox / flzkmn ! dfr{ ;] n]s/ #! dfr{ ts nfu" xf]uf_/ flzkmn k|: t't / flzkmn ! l;tDa/ ;]

#) l;tDa/ ts nfu" xf]uf

n]vsM k+=Hof]= x/ ]s[i0f emf -Hof]ltiffrfo{_df]= g= (*$$)&@!(^, sf7df+8"

Og bnf] + sf] rflxP ls hgefjgf sf] ;dem] cf}/ pgsL OR5f sf] Wofg d] + / vt] x'P ;+ljwfg agfo] .) cfk nf] u a8] Þ bnf] + k/ bafa ;[hgf Sof] + gxL+ s/ tL <

– ckg] lx;fa ;] xd nf] u aft p7ft] / xt] x} n] lsg ;d: of ox x} ls xd nf] uf] + sf bn ax't 5f] 6f x} . lkm/ eL ckgL Ifdtf s] cg';f/ ;+ljwfg;ef d] + ckgL aftf] + sf] / vtL x"F . Sof+] ls O;L sfo{ s] lnP hgtf g] xd nf] uf] + sf] ;ef;b\ agfof x} .) ca aft sL hfo s'5 dlxnfcf] + sL . g] kfn d] + dlxnf sL l: ylt sf] Ps dlxnf ;ef;b s] b[li6sf] 0f ;] cfk ls; t/ x b] vtL x} <

– lglZrt ¿k ;] g] kfn d] + dlxnf sf] b";/ ] bh] { s] gful/ s sL t/ x Jojxf/ lsof hftf x} . @)^@–^# s] cfGbf] ng s] afb / fhgLlts If] q d] + s'5 dlxnfcf] + g] k|j] z lsof . n] lsg cf}/ ls;L If] q d] + b] v] + tf] cj: yf k'/ fgL xL x} . ## k|ltzt cf/ If0f sL 3f] if0ff l;km{ 3f] if0ff d] + ;Lldt ag s/ / x uoL x} .) b] z sL cfwL hg;+Vof sf] ceL ljsf; s] d"nfwf/ d] + nfg] s] lnP Sof s/ gf xf] uf <

– x/ If] q d] + dlxnf sf] cfu] nfgf xf] uf cf}/ k|f/ lDes cj: yf

d] + o] teL ;+ej x} ha cf/ If0f lbof hfo] uf . x/ If] q d] + dlxnf sf] cf/ If0f b] gf xf] uf . cf}/ o] cf/ If0f eL j}1flgs 9+u ;] xf] gf rflxP . cf/ lIft : yfgf] + k/ ;dfg: t/ s] dlxnfcf] + s] aLr xL k|lt: kwf{ xf] gL rflxP .) cfk tf] dWoklZrd p;d] + d] + eL bfª ;] ;+aGw / vtL x} hxfF sL dlxnfcf] + sL xfnt ax't sdhf] / x} . pg nf] uf] + s] lnP cfks] kf; Sof of] hgf x} <

– ;du| d] + aft sL hfo tf] lzIff sL xL cfjZostf x} . ljjfx, ;fdflhs ;+: sf/ of cf}/ ls;L eL axfg] dlxnf lzIff d] + ?sfj6 gxL+ cfgL rflxP . lzIff s] ;fy–;fy cfTd lge{/ tf s};] a9ÞfoL hfo] dlxnfcf] + d] + .

a8Þ] bnf] + sL ===

>4f~hnL

lgolt k/ ls;L sf jz gxL+ rntf . d[To' cjZoDefjL x} . ;eL sf] p;] j/ 0f s/ gf xL x} . lsGt' s'5 df} t P] ;L xf] tL x} hf] pgs] kl/ hgf] + s] ;fy ;fy k"/ ] b] z sf] ?nf hftL x} . jSt a] / xd xf] tf x} ox ;r cfh hflx/ xf] uof x} . ls;L g] g ;f] rf xf] uf ls Ps Kof/ L hf] 8ÞL hf] ljjfx kZrft\ dw'df; s] lnP uO{ yL, jx ckg] ;fy l;km{ cgGt b'v n] s/ nf} 6] uL . Ps 6«} h8L lkmNdL sxfgL sL xL t/ x ;a s'5 nu / xf x} . bz{sf] + s] rx] t] gfos >Ls[i0f >] i7 sL c;fdlos d[To' g] ;eL sf] : tlDet s/ lbof x} . lgwg ;] s'5 xL lbgf] + kxn] e] h] uP pgs] cfl8of] ;+b] z d] + pGxf] +g] sxf yf, d} + cfpmFuf cf} / ckgf] + s] ;fy b'v ;'v af6"Fuf . lsGt' P] ;f gxL+ xf] kfof . hf] kL8Þf pgs] rfxg] jfnf] + sf] ldnL, p;] sf] O{ sd gxL+ s/ ;stf . pgsL clGtd ofqf d] + hf] eL8Þ pd8ÞL, p;g] ;flat s/ lbof ls nf] uf] + s] aLr jf] lstg] lk|o y] . / ft / ft e/ cfo{3f6 d] + hdf x'P pgs] k|z+;s ;8Þs d] + gf/ ] nuft] nf] u atf / x] y] ls pgs] hfg] ;] s} ;L ck"/ 0fLo Iflt x'O{ x} . kxn] eL pGxf] +g] df} t sf] x/ fof yf . lsGt' O; af/ df} t hLt uO{ . kxn] ktf rnf ls lgdf] lgof sf Onfh lbNnL d] + xf] / xf x} lsGt' Ps lgdf] lgof ;] pgsL df} t xf] uO{ . ox osLg s/ g] jfnL aft gxL+ nu / xL yL . lkm/ ktf rnf ls jf] x8\8L s] s} +;/ ;] kLl8Þt y] cf} / jxL aLdf/ L pgsL df} t sf sf/ 0f ag uO{ . Ps c;xgLo b'v jf] ckgL gjljjflxtf kTgL Zj] tf v8Þsf sf] b] uP . Zj] tf v8\sf s] ;fy clelgt OgsL kxnL lkmNd …sxfF e] l6Pnf <Ú -sxfF ldn] uf <_ oxfF jf: tljs hLjg d] + ;fy{s xf] uof . O;L lkmNd s] afb bf] gf] + ljjfx s] ;'dw/ ;DaGw d]+ aw] y] .

>Ls[i0f >] i7 sf] c+ltd ljbfO{ k"/ ] / fhsLo ;Ddfg s] ;fy bL uO{ . ox kxnL af/ x'cf ls / fi6« g] ls;L snfsf/ sf] Otgf a8Þf ;Ddfg lbof . g] kfn sL hgtf pgsL c+ltd lkmNd …sf] lxg"/ Ú sf] b] vs/ pGx] + >4f~hln b] / x] x} + . sf] lxg"/ g] s/ f] 8Þf] + sL sdfO{ sL x} , hf] cfh ts ls;L g] kfnL lkmNd g] gxL+ lsof x} . ox zfob pgs] k|lt hgtf sf Kof/ x} hf] ckgL ;+j] bgf sf] O; t/ x JoSt s/ / xf x} . O{Zj/ pgs] kl/ jf/ sf] O; c;xgLo kL8Þf sf] ;xg] sL zlSt b] cf} / lbj+ut cfTdf sf] zf+lt k|bfg s/ ] . xd tf] a; Otgf xL sx ;st] x} +, …sxfF e] l6Pnf <Ú

sxf“ e] l6Pnf <

55lxdflngL l;tDa/ 2014

lxdflngL l;tDa/ 2014 lxdflngL l;tDa/ 2014 616056 lxdflngL l;tDa/ 2014

8fo/ ]S6/ xf]dL cbhflgof sL lkmNd …kmfO+l8+u km}gLÚ k/ ;]+;/ af]8{ sL s}+rL rn uO{ x} . b/ c;n, lkmNd s] Ps ;Lg d]+ bLlksf kfb'sf]0f ch{'g sk"/ sL sxtL x}+, …d}+ jlh{g x"' .Ú ;]+;/ af]8{ g] O; ;+jfb k/ cfklQ htft] x'P 8fo/ ]S6/ sf] lgb{]z lbP ls j] O;] lkmNd ;] x6f b]+ . 8fo/ ]S6/ g] af]8{ s] ;fdg] sO{ pbfx/ 0f / v s/ ox ;demfg] sL sf]lzz sL ls kxn] eL …lbn ;]Ú -!((*_ cf}/ …@ : 6]6\;Ú -@)!%_ h};L sO{ lkmNdf]+ d]+ O; t/ x s] ;+jfb lbvfP hf r's] x}+, n]lsg af]8{ g] pgsL Ps g ;'gL cf}/ ;fkm af]n lbof ls olb lkmNd sf] o"P ;l6{lkms]6 rflxP tf] pGx]+ jlh{g zAb x6fgf xL xf]uf . ;"qf]+ sL dfg]+ tf] af]8{ g] lkmNd s] p; ;Lg k/ eL cfklQ htfO{ x}, lh;d]+ k+sh sk"/ l8+kn skfl8Þof s] a6 sf] tf8Þt] gh/ cft] x}+ .

kmfO+l8+u km}gL k/ ;]+;/ sL cfklQ

An Eminent Author of Maths./ Reas./ Eng.

Mob: 09709931881 07352282500

With best compliments from

A. KARAN'S CLASSES INDIA'S NO. 1Mishratola, Nagmandir, Darbhanga

For: BANK/ RLYS./ S.S.C./ DEFENCE/ MANAGEMENT/ TET/ DAROGA/ SIPAHI AND APTITUDE TEST for U.P.S.C. & All States P.S.C.

Managing DirectorRaghav Kumar Karn

Chief Director Anand Kumar Karn

dgf]/ ~hg

lxdflngL l;tDa/ 201462

September 2014 hindi magazine publisged from nepal

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