September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .
-
Upload
jase-lasseter -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
0
Transcript of September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .
![Page 1: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
September 2013
![Page 2: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Module 1Why Early Childhood Matters
http://youtu.be/GbSp88PBe9E
![Page 3: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
http://youtu.be/GbSp88PBe9E
![Page 4: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Module 1: Learning Objectives
• It is the population of highest risk that we serve
• What happens to us early in life affects us for the rest of our lives
• Federal obligations require us to
• We need to recognize problems so we can both intervene early and set reasonable expectations
• We may be doing harm otherwise if we don’t focus on the needs and well-being of this population
Why it is important to focus on early childhood?
![Page 5: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Vicarious trauma –take care of yourself
![Page 6: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Why Focus on Early Childhood?1. To protect the largest and most “vulnerable” population in
child welfare
![Page 7: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
We must protect the most “vulnerable” population
• Largest population in child welfare both in terms of numbers and percent
• Most developmentally vulnerable across various domains (health, cognitive, social-emotional)
• Most opportunity for intervention and action leading to positive long-term outcomes
![Page 8: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Young Children Are Vulnerable
34% of abused and neglected children are between the ages of 0-36 months old, but only make up 23 % of the general child population.
Source: Child Maltreatment 2010 at www.childwelfare.gov ; Child Abuse and Neglect Fatality Victims by Age, 2010
34%
66%
Maltreated Children
Ages 0-3 Older than 3
23%
77%
General Child Population
Ages 0-3 Older Children
![Page 9: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Young Children are more likely to die as a result of child abuse and neglect
Younger than 1 year48%
1 to 3 years32%
4 to 7 years11%
8-21 years9%
Source: Child Maltreatment 2010 at www.childwelfare.gov ; Child Abuse and Neglect Fatality Victims by Age, 2010
79.4 % of fatalities are children younger than 4 years old
![Page 10: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Young children are over-represented in foster care nationally
• Over 1 in 4 children in foster care are 0-3
• Younger children have longer durations in care (30 months for infants 0-3 months)
• Young children have the lowest rates of reunification
• At least 1 in 4 re-enter care after return home
Source: http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/pubs/cm10/
![Page 11: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
In OklahomaNumber of children in out of home care on January 31, 2014
ChildrenIn Care
Children Birth to Three
Statewide 10,530 3,708
Tulsa Co 588
![Page 12: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Why Focus on Early Childhood?2. To set the trajectory for a healthy, happy life
![Page 13: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) Study:
What happens between infancy and adulthood can create a lifetime of addictions, abuse and mental
health problems.
Available at www.cdc.gov/ace/index.htm
The Relationship between ACEs and Adult Health
![Page 14: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ACE Study Findings
• Seventeen times more likely to have learning and behavior problems in school (51% vs 3%) (Burke et al 2011)
• Twice as likely to smoke
• Seven times as likely to be alcoholics
• Six times as likely to have had sex before age 15
• Twice as likely to have cancer or heart disease
• Twelve times more likely to have attempted suicide
Compared with people with no ACEs, those with four or more ACEs:
Source: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. Information available at http://www.cdc.gov/ace/index.htm
![Page 15: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Untreated Adverse Early Childhood Events Only Exacerbate Over Time
Source: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. Information available at http://www.cdc.gov/ace/index.htm
![Page 16: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
NeglectExtensive biological and developmental research shows significant neglect—the ongoing disruption or significant absence of caregiver responsiveness—can cause more harm to a young child’s development than overt physical abuse, including subsequent cognitive delays, impairments in executive functioning, and disruptions of the body’s stress response.
http://developingchild.harvard.edu/resources/multimedia/videos/inbrief_series/inbrief_neglect/
![Page 17: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Developmental Delays Emerge Early
• Young children who are maltreated are behind their peers developmentally, yet still are unlikely to get services
• Child welfare law (Child Abuse and Prevention Treatment Act) and disability law (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act) have come into alignment to address this challengeo Focused on Part C Early Intervention Services
Source: NSCAW II Wave 2 Report: Child Well-Being (July 2012)
![Page 18: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Why focus on Early Childhood?3. Federal Mandates, Guidance
& Plans.
![Page 19: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
CAPTA and IDEA Requirements
Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act
• Procedures for the referral of children (under three) with substantiated cases of child abuse/neglect to early intervention services funded by Part C of (IDEA) (2003)
• Data on referrals (2010)
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act• Matching language was included in
the IDEA that requires Part C Early Intervention programs to reach out to child welfare. (2004) (2011 Regulations)
http://apps.americanbar.org/litigation/committees/childrights/content/articles/010311-capta-reauthorization.html
![Page 20: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Administration on Children, Youth, and Families
(April 2012)
• Priority on improving social and emotional well-being outcomes for children and youth to achieve better systems outcomes
• Emphasizes the importance of understanding the impact of abuse and neglect impact neurobiology
Information Memorandum ACYF-CB-IM-12-04
www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/laws_policies/policy/im/2012/im1204.pdf
GF UE ID DE AR NA CL E
![Page 21: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
GF UE ID DE AR NA CL E
Waiver Demonstration SitesMay 2012
• Engaging Parents– WA: Family Assessment Response
• Enhancing Social-Emotional Well-Being and Permanency– WA: Permanency Push
– WA: Promoting EBPs
ACYF-CB-IM-12-05 www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/laws_policies/policy/im/2012/im1205.pdf
![Page 22: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Ongoing Federal Plans
• Our obligation to detail and demonstrate our performance regarding safety, well-being and permanency.
www.acf.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/cb/im1106.pdf
![Page 23: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Why Focus on Early Childhood?4. To help everyone have realistic expectations about child
development
![Page 24: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Why? To help everyone have realistic expectations about child development.
Knowledge of child development is one protective factor
for maltreatment.
http://www.ok.gov/health/Child_and_Family_Health/Family_Support_and_Prevention_Service/
Strengthening_Families_Initiative/
![Page 25: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Knowledge of typical child development helps us recognize atypical development.
Atypical development is most effectively treated when identified early during brain plasticity when most amenable to change.
![Page 26: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Why Focus on Early Childhood?5. To do no harm and focus on well-being
![Page 27: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Myths about trauma and children
• Too young to remember• Babies don’t say
anything• No scars = no harm
![Page 28: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Unmet Well-Being Needs for Young Children in Child Welfare
• Less than 1% of children with emotional and behavioral problems are identified early
• 2-3 times more preschool age children have trauma-related symptoms than are diagnosed.
• 80-97% of children ages 3 to 5 with identified behavioral health needs do not receive services
Source: Cooper, Masi, & Vick, 2009. What Every Policymaker Should Know. Social-emotional Development in Early Childhood. National Center for Children in Poverty. Mailman School of Public Health. Columbia University.
![Page 29: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Unmet Well-Being Needs for Young Children in Child Welfare
• Young Children Less Likely to Receive Services Compared to Older Children
– 35% - of school-age children involved with child welfare– 13% - of children 0-5 involved with child welfare
• Infants and Toddlers Ages 0 to 2
– Least likely to receive developmental services
Source: Cooper, Masi, & Vick, 2009. What Every Policymaker Should Know. Social-emotional Development in Early Childhood. National Center for Children in Poverty. Mailman School of Public Health. Columbia University.
![Page 30: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
In Summary, Why Focus on Early Childhood?
• To protect the largest and most vulnerable population
• To set the trajectory for a healthy, happy life
• To focus on well-being in addition to safety and permanence as required by Federal mandates, guidance and plans.
• To help everyone have realistic expectations for children’s development
• To recognize problems early and intervene in a timely manner
• To do no harm – now and for the future
![Page 31: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Knowing the Science of Early Childhood Can Better Inform Our Decision Making in Key Events in Dependency
• Removal and placement• Case planning• Court appearances• Visitation and family time• Reunification, adoption & termination
![Page 32: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Keys to healthy development
• A balanced approach to emotional, social, cognitive and language development starting in the earliest years of life
• Supportive relationships and positive learning experiences that begin with parents but are strengthened by others outside the home
• Highly specialized interventions as early as possible for children and families experiencing significant adversity
Source: Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University (2011).
![Page 33: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Summary of Attachment
• Infants are strongly biologically predisposed to attach to caregivers
• Adults are strongly biologically predisposed to attach to babies
• Once babies reach a cognitive age of 7-9 months, their attachments begin to consolidate and focus on specific individuals
• Attachment is a process which develops over the first several years of life based upon nurturing experiences with caregivers
• Attachments may be different with different caregivers
![Page 34: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Relationships matter
• Attachment is a process
• Relationships develop over time
• Relationships buffer stress
• Disrupted relationships are painful
• Children experience loss and grief even at
very young ages
• What does this mean for child welfare?
![Page 35: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
What does all this mean for child welfare?
Support and promote nurturing and stable
relationships in the life of the child.
• Provide in-home supports to prevent removal in
the first place
• Don’t move children to different homes, child care or
schools at critical developmental periods
• Make the first placement the only placement
• Ensure frequent and meaningful visitation
• Concurrent planning for reunification and permanency
![Page 36: September 2013. Module 1 Why Early Childhood Matters .](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062712/56649c9c5503460f9495ab13/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Summary: Understanding the Impacts of Maltreatment
• Children who have been abused, neglected and/or maltreated are more likely to experience toxic stress
• The impacts of abuse, neglect and/or maltreatment can negatively influence all developmental domains
• These delays persist through a child’s life, making it harder for them to do well in school and adulthood
• Early and periodic medical, dental and developmental screening and referrals to appropriate interventions can change life trajectories.
• The “buffering” relationship with a loving, stable caregiver remains key to alleviating these negative impacts. It’s never too late!