September 16, 2014 Chapter 12 test today! Take a few minutes to study. After test you will...

September 16, 2014September 16, 2014

Chapter 12 test today! Take a few minutes Chapter 12 test today! Take a few minutes to study.to study.

After test you will complete chapter 13 After test you will complete chapter 13 vocabulary and chapter 13 section 1 vocabulary and chapter 13 section 1 questions (wksheet on back cabinet).questions (wksheet on back cabinet).

Chapter 13 section 1 starts on page 398.Chapter 13 section 1 starts on page 398. You will turn all this in today before you You will turn all this in today before you

leave.leave.


For Bell work you will read “Wealth and its For Bell work you will read “Wealth and its Uses” primary source document and Uses” primary source document and answer the questions that follow.answer the questions that follow.

February 21, 2014February 21, 2014

Chapter 12 test today! Study!Chapter 12 test today! Study! After your test you will complete chapter After your test you will complete chapter

14 vocab and Chapter 14 section one 14 vocab and Chapter 14 section one questions.questions.

For questions you will use World History For questions you will use World History book pages 424-427book pages 424-427

You will turn this in today!You will turn this in today!


Study for Chapter 13 test.Study for Chapter 13 test. After your test you will do vocab chapter After your test you will do vocab chapter

14. Just do the terms to define in each 14. Just do the terms to define in each section. Starts on page 424section. Starts on page 424

““Isms” from the IndustrialIsms” from the IndustrialRevolutionRevolution

As industry grew in the 1700s and 1800s, the gap between the “haves”, and the “haves-not” was widening. Living and working conditions continued to get worse for the working class… Some people started calling for reform…

TenementsTenements

New York during Industrial New York during Industrial RevolutionRevolution

CapitalismCapitalism

Leaders of the Industrial Revolution (owners of railroads, factories, and mines), did not agree with those who were calling for reform at the time.

They believed in Laissez-faire (“let do” or “let them alone”) economics…

People should be free to buy and sell, hire and fire, free from governmentInterference.

Adam Smith-Scottish economist: wrote “Wealth of Nations”A.Economy works best when the natural forces of supply and demand operate without government interference.B. Businesses produce goods as inexpensively as possible, and consumers buy the best goods at the lowest prices.

Capitalism cont…Capitalism cont…

Thomas Malthus-Anglican clergymanThomas Malthus-Anglican clergyman Wrote Wrote An Essay on the Principle of Population Poverty, famine, and misery were unavoidable because

population was increasing faster than the food supply.

David Ricardo-British economist “iron law of wages”-rapid pop. Growth would lead only to

fierce competition for jobs, lower wages, and higher unemployment.

Malthus/Ricardo-strong believers in laissez- faire. Opposed gov’t aid to the poor. Believed poor could help themselves by working hard, saving

money, and have fewer children.

Young coal miners-Kingston, Young coal miners-Kingston, PaPa

How would this photograph support critiscm of laissez-faire economics?How would this photograph support critiscm of laissez-faire economics?

Breaker boys in the coal Breaker boys in the coal minesmines

Work in the coal breakers is exceedingly hard and dangerous. Work in the coal breakers is exceedingly hard and dangerous. Crouched over the chutes, the boys sit hour after hour, picking out Crouched over the chutes, the boys sit hour after hour, picking out the pieces of slate and other refuse from the coal as it rushes past to the pieces of slate and other refuse from the coal as it rushes past to the washers. From the cramped position they have to assume, most the washers. From the cramped position they have to assume, most of them become more or less deformed and bent-backed like old of them become more or less deformed and bent-backed like old men. When a boy has been working for some time and begins to get men. When a boy has been working for some time and begins to get round-shouldered, his fellows say that “He’s got his boy to carry round-shouldered, his fellows say that “He’s got his boy to carry round wherever he goes.”round wherever he goes.”

The coal is hard, and accidents to the hands, such as cut, broken, or The coal is hard, and accidents to the hands, such as cut, broken, or crushed fingers, are common among the boys. Sometimes there is a crushed fingers, are common among the boys. Sometimes there is a worse accident: a terrified shriek is heard, and a boy is mangled and worse accident: a terrified shriek is heard, and a boy is mangled and torn in the machinery, or disappears in the chute to be picked out torn in the machinery, or disappears in the chute to be picked out later smothered and dead. Clouds of dust fill the breakers and are later smothered and dead. Clouds of dust fill the breakers and are inhaled by the boys, laying the foundations for asthma and miners' inhaled by the boys, laying the foundations for asthma and miners' consumption.consumption.

This is how we spend our free This is how we spend our free time!time!

A better societyA better society

Evangelicalism-a movement that joined person faith with Evangelicalism-a movement that joined person faith with social improvement.social improvement.

William Wiberforce-opposed slaveryWilliam Wiberforce-opposed slavery 1807 bill ended British slave trade1807 bill ended British slave trade 1833 abolished slavery throughout British empire.1833 abolished slavery throughout British empire. Lord Shaftbury-promoted laws to limit working hours for Lord Shaftbury-promoted laws to limit working hours for

women and children.women and children. 1830 & 1840 regulated child employment1830 & 1840 regulated child employment -prohibited women and children from working in mines-prohibited women and children from working in mines -10 hr work day in textile factories for women and -10 hr work day in textile factories for women and

children under 18.children under 18.

UtilitarianismUtilitarianism

The ideas that society should work for “the The ideas that society should work for “the greatest happiness for the greatest number” of greatest happiness for the greatest number” of citizens.citizens.

Jeremy Bentham promoted utilitarianism.Jeremy Bentham promoted utilitarianism. Bentham called for:Bentham called for: -a better code of law-a better code of law -education for all-education for all -public health service-public health service -improved prisons-improved prisons

ReformersReformers

Some individuals thought society should be improved:

Jeremy Bentham - Believed that:- Utilitarianism: The rightness of any action, law, or political institutionshould be measured by it’s usefulness… Usefulness could be judged by the contribution it made to human happiness and the reduction of misery.

John Stuart Mill - A follower of Bentham who believed that:- He rejected Laissez-faire economics, was against monopolies, and Governments could influence thedistribution of wealth by taxing income.

Wrote On LibertyPromoted social progress and supported extending the vote to all adultsAdvocated equal rights to all women.

SocialismSocialism

Some people thought that ending workers’ misery required eliminatingCapitalism completely!

Socialism: The belief that the means of production, capital, land,raw materials, and factories, should be owned or controlled by thesociety either directly or through the government.

This way, wealth could be distributed equally!

Robert Owen - Believed that competition caused society’s problems… ThusIf cooperation replaced competition, life would improve.

- Robert tried to test his theory by setting up mill towns.. One wassuccessful (he didn’t give up all control), the other wasn’t.

Socialism cont…Socialism cont…

Fredrich Engels-Fredrich Engels-The Condition of the Working Class in The Condition of the Working Class in EnglandEngland

Karl Marx believed history advanced through conflict-based teachings from German philosopher G.W.F. Hegel.

A. believed the only way to make the ruling class to give up control was through revolution.

B. Proletariat-working class (productive class). C. Bourgeoisie-middle class D. Proletariat would build a society in which the people

owned everything. E. Classes would vanish and gov’t would wither away

CommunismCommunism

Governing principle would be “from each Governing principle would be “from each according to his ability to each according to his according to his ability to each according to his need.”need.”

1900s-workers could buy more with their wages 1900s-workers could buy more with their wages than they could 50 years before.than they could 50 years before.

Workers gained the right to voteWorkers gained the right to vote Corrected social problemsCorrected social problems Remained loyal to their individual nations.Remained loyal to their individual nations. In time, Democratic socialism developed in In time, Democratic socialism developed in

Western Europe.Western Europe.

Communism cont…Communism cont…

1900s revolution in Russia known as 1900s revolution in Russia known as Marxist, a radical form of socialism Marxist, a radical form of socialism became known as communism.became known as communism.

Karl Marx-the father of communismKarl Marx-the father of communism

MarxismMarxismOne man dismissed the ideas of early socialists as impractical, he set outto provide a scientific basis for socialism… Karl Marx, working with Friedrich Engels, wrote The Communist Manifesto, where they tried to appeal to the world’s workers…

Karl Mark - Believed that to get to the best government you had to go through4 stages:

1) Feudalism - Depended on ownership of land. Land = Wealth/powerIt ended because the lower classes rose up.

2) Capitalism - The rise of the industry. Industry = Wealth/powerThe working class would rise up to crush the middle class.

3) Socialism - Private property is banned, and the state MUST controlall property to distribute it equally. ANYTHING that produceswealth should be government controlled…

4) Communism - THE END OF HUMAN EVOLUTION!- People would be so use to following rules that there wouldno longer be the need for a government!- Government would slowly go away and people would livein harmony. This would be the perfect society…

Question to Ponder…Question to Ponder…

Which country(s) do you think Marx had in mind for the first to becomeCommunist? Think about his “ladder” of governmental education…


Bell work: do chapter 13 vocab. Bell work: do chapter 13 vocab. Just do the terms to define in each Just do the terms to define in each

section.section.


Bell work: Do chapter 13 section 2 Bell work: Do chapter 13 section 2 questions. Turn this in when you are questions. Turn this in when you are finished.finished.

Section 2Section 2The New ScienceThe New Science

New look at living thingsNew look at living things German botanist Mathias German botanist Mathias

Schleiden/biologist Theodor SchwannSchleiden/biologist Theodor Schwann Cell theory-all living things are made up of Cell theory-all living things are made up of

tiny units of matter called cellstiny units of matter called cells Cells divide, multiply, causing organisms Cells divide, multiply, causing organisms

to grow and mature.to grow and mature.

The diversity of lifeThe diversity of life

Evolution-all plants and animals Evolution-all plants and animals descended from a common ancestor.descended from a common ancestor.

Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck observed Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck observed similarities between fossils and living similarities between fossils and living organisms.organisms.

Lamarck's theory later disprovedLamarck's theory later disproved

The Diversity of Life cont…The Diversity of Life cont…

Charles Darwin-British naturalistCharles Darwin-British naturalist Builds on the theory of evolutionBuilds on the theory of evolution Wrote Wrote On the Origin of SpeciesOn the Origin of Species Stated most animal groups increase faster

than the food supply and are constantly struggling for survival.

The diversity of life cont…The diversity of life cont…

Charles Darwin-another book Charles Darwin-another book The Descent The Descent of Manof Man

Traced human evolution from animal Traced human evolution from animal species.species.

Gregor Mendel concluded characteristics are Gregor Mendel concluded characteristics are passed from one generation to the next by passed from one generation to the next by tiny particles.tiny particles.

Particles later called genesParticles later called genes Genetics-science of heredityGenetics-science of heredity

Medical advancesMedical advances

Edward Genner-English doctorEdward Genner-English doctor First vaccination for small poxFirst vaccination for small pox Louis Pasteur-French ChemistLouis Pasteur-French Chemist Discovered bacteria, or germs, and proved Discovered bacteria, or germs, and proved

that they cause infectious diseases.that they cause infectious diseases. Bacteria can be killed only by heat or other Bacteria can be killed only by heat or other

meansmeans 1880s-vaccinne against rabies1880s-vaccinne against rabies

New approaches to surgeryNew approaches to surgery

SurgerySurgery Mid 1800s-sugical procedures done Mid 1800s-sugical procedures done

forcibly holding people downforcibly holding people down Experience often gruesome and fatalExperience often gruesome and fatal

New Approaches to SurgeryNew Approaches to Surgery

1840s-two drugs for pain during surgery-1840s-two drugs for pain during surgery-ether and chloroform (sleep-producing ether and chloroform (sleep-producing chemical)chemical)

Patients feel no pain…Yay!Patients feel no pain…Yay! People are still dying from infection.People are still dying from infection. Joseph Lister-English surgeonJoseph Lister-English surgeon Found carbolic acid to sterilize medical Found carbolic acid to sterilize medical

instrumentsinstruments

From being held down to being knocked From being held down to being knocked out! Thank you Jesus!out! Thank you Jesus!

Breakthrough in PhysicsBreakthrough in Physics Atomic theory-ideas that all matter is made up of Atomic theory-ideas that all matter is made up of

tiny particles called atoms.tiny particles called atoms. John Dalton-English chemistJohn Dalton-English chemist Discovered that elements are composed of Discovered that elements are composed of

atomsatoms 1895-Wilhelm K. Roentgen discovered x-rays1895-Wilhelm K. Roentgen discovered x-rays 1898-Marie Curie and Pierre Currie discovered 1898-Marie Curie and Pierre Currie discovered

highly radioactive element of radium and proved highly radioactive element of radium and proved that it emits energythat it emits energy

Social SciencesSocial Sciences Development of two new social sciencesDevelopment of two new social sciences Sociology-study of human behavior in Sociology-study of human behavior in

groupsgroups Psychology-science of human behavior in Psychology-science of human behavior in

individualsindividuals 1890s Ivan Pavlov-Russian researcher1890s Ivan Pavlov-Russian researcher Experimented with animals to see what Experimented with animals to see what

effects outside stimuli had on their effects outside stimuli had on their behavior.behavior.

Social Sciences cont…Social Sciences cont…

Sigmund Freud-Austrian Physician-Sigmund Freud-Austrian Physician-unconscious part of mind governs unconscious part of mind governs human behaviorhuman behavior

Psychoanalysis-method of treatment Psychoanalysis-method of treatment to discover people’s motives.to discover people’s motives.


Bell work: Timeline activity 13-Cultural Bell work: Timeline activity 13-Cultural Revolution.Revolution.

You will turn this in for a grade…you have You will turn this in for a grade…you have fifteen minutes!fifteen minutes!

February 19, 2013February 19, 2013

Bell Work: The Tenements of New York Bell Work: The Tenements of New York writing assignment.writing assignment.

Read the Article and then do the writing Read the Article and then do the writing assignment.assignment.

You have 15 minutes to work on this…get You have 15 minutes to work on this…get busy! This is for a grade! busy! This is for a grade!

Section 3Section 3Popular CulturePopular Culture

Improved living conditionsImproved living conditions 1740 many people died of starvation and 1740 many people died of starvation and

disease, by 1800 new machinery and disease, by 1800 new machinery and scientific methods produced many kinds of scientific methods produced many kinds of foods.foods.

Ex. More nutritious food such as potatoes. Ex. More nutritious food such as potatoes. Preserving foods: canning and Preserving foods: canning and refrigeration.refrigeration.

Seeking a better lifeSeeking a better life Railroads and steamships carried people Railroads and steamships carried people

to other countries.to other countries. Between 1870 and 1900, more than 25 Between 1870 and 1900, more than 25

million people left Europe for the United million people left Europe for the United States.States.

Others moved to South America, South Others moved to South America, South Africa, and Australia.Africa, and Australia.

Emigration-leaving homeland to settle Emigration-leaving homeland to settle elsewhere.elsewhere.

Seeking a better life cont…Seeking a better life cont… Immigration-settling permanently in a Immigration-settling permanently in a

foreign land.foreign land. 3 reasons:3 reasons: 1. higher paying jobs and better working 1. higher paying jobs and better working

conditionsconditions 2. to escape discrimination and religious 2. to escape discrimination and religious

persecution by oppressive governmentspersecution by oppressive governments 3. hoped to escape famine.3. hoped to escape famine. New troubles because of languages.New troubles because of languages.

REASONS FOR COMING TO REASONS FOR COMING TO AMERICAAMERICA

Factory jobsFactory jobs Railroad jobsRailroad jobs Escape religious and political persecutionEscape religious and political persecution Poverty in home countryPoverty in home country Social mobilitySocial mobility Gold RushGold Rush Make money and take it back homeMake money and take it back home

Birds of PassageBirds of Passage

Why were Americans and Why were Americans and immigrants migrating to the immigrants migrating to the

cities?cities?Jobs in the factoriesJobs in the factoriesImmigrants could not afford to purchase a Immigrants could not afford to purchase a

farmfarmLived in Tenements – dumb bell tenementsLived in Tenements – dumb bell tenementsCities had much to offer – lights, running Cities had much to offer – lights, running

water, plumbing and things to dowater, plumbing and things to doMuseums, libraries, theatersMuseums, libraries, theaters

EUROPEAN IMMIGRATION EUROPEAN IMMIGRATION The trip to the United StatesThe trip to the United States

Traveled in the steerageTraveled in the steerage Cheapest – steamshipsCheapest – steamships DirtyDirty Many languagesMany languages Little foodLittle food About a week journey across the AtlanticAbout a week journey across the Atlantic Arrived at Ellis IslandArrived at Ellis Island

Ellis IslandEllis Island

UPON ENTERING THE USUPON ENTERING THE USALL IMMIGRANTS HAD TO - - ALL IMMIGRANTS HAD TO - - Pass a physical examPass a physical exam Pass a document interrogationPass a document interrogation Be able to workBe able to work Have $25.00Have $25.00 Pass a literacy testPass a literacy test

Life once in the United Life once in the United StatesStates

2 hour interrogation 2 hour interrogation Moved to citiesMoved to cities Grouped together in the citiesGrouped together in the cities

Little ItalyLittle Italy China TownChina Town

Spoke in native languages and Spoke in native languages and opened traditional stores, opened traditional stores, churches, schools…churches, schools…

PEAK IMMIGRATION YEARSPEAK IMMIGRATION YEARS

1905-19071905-1907 11,000 a day11,000 a day

Growth of CitiesGrowth of Cities

Urbanization-spread of city lifeUrbanization-spread of city life Great Britain 1914 reached 80 percentGreat Britain 1914 reached 80 percent Germany 60 percentGermany 60 percent America 50 percentAmerica 50 percent France 45 percentFrance 45 percent People married earlier, had children adding to People married earlier, had children adding to

populationpopulation Cities’ growth failed to provide needed housing Cities’ growth failed to provide needed housing

and sanitationand sanitation

Working ClassWorking Class

Lived in TenementsLived in TenementsDirty, dark crowded Dirty, dark crowded Multi-family apartmentsMulti-family apartmentsMade $490.00 a yearMade $490.00 a yearSent kids to work to help outSent kids to work to help out

Jacob RiisJacob Riis

18711871Police reporter who investigated New Police reporter who investigated New

York’s tenements.York’s tenements.Overcrowded apts., airless, and vent lessOvercrowded apts., airless, and vent lessWrote a book called Wrote a book called How the other Half How the other Half

LivesLives

iisiis

Growth of cities cont…Growth of cities cont…

Few cities had building codes that Few cities had building codes that mandated adequate housingmandated adequate housing

Houses built close together in long rows, Houses built close together in long rows, one against anotherone against another

Workers crowd together in cramped Workers crowd together in cramped unsanitary roomsunsanitary rooms

Fire hazardsFire hazards Factories pollute the airFactories pollute the air

Transportation within the Transportation within the citiescities

Late 1800s Europe and the U.S. Late 1800s Europe and the U.S. developed street cars and trolleys for developed street cars and trolleys for people to commute back and forth to their people to commute back and forth to their jobs within the city.jobs within the city.

What were some of the technical What were some of the technical advances that helped solve the advances that helped solve the

problems of overpopulation in the problems of overpopulation in the cities?cities?Skyscraper – Chicago’s first was the Skyscraper – Chicago’s first was the

Home Insurance Building Home Insurance Building 10 stories – Louis Sullivan designed it10 stories – Louis Sullivan designed itNew York had the Flatiron BuildingNew York had the Flatiron Building

Mass TransitMass Transit1873 – San Francisco- first Trolley car 1873 – San Francisco- first Trolley car 1887 – Frank Sparque – developed the first 1887 – Frank Sparque – developed the first

electric trolley carelectric trolley car1888- Richmond, VA 11888- Richmond, VA 1stst electric trolley line electric trolley line

Mass Transit: EL TRAIN – Chicago

SUBWAY – New York

City servicesCity services

City governments installed close sewer lines City governments installed close sewer lines and improved garbage collection with police and improved garbage collection with police and fire protectionand fire protection

City planning-set aside areas as parks.City planning-set aside areas as parks. Architect Frederick Law Olmsted and Architect Frederick Law Olmsted and

landscape designer Calvert Vaux designed landscape designer Calvert Vaux designed Central Park in 1858.Central Park in 1858.

A place to go to “completely shut out the A place to go to “completely shut out the city”city”

Leisure TimeLeisure Time

1800s-People enjoyed more cultural 1800s-People enjoyed more cultural activities such as fine arts, museums, and activities such as fine arts, museums, and amusement parks.amusement parks.

Other sources of entertainment:Other sources of entertainment: LibrariesLibraries Sports such as soccer rugby, archery, Sports such as soccer rugby, archery,

tennis, and cricket.tennis, and cricket.

AMUSEMENT PARKSAMUSEMENT PARKS

Family entertainmentFamily entertainment Coney IslandConey Island

New YorkNew York Water slides and Railroad ridesWater slides and Railroad rides Cost 5 cents or 10 centsCost 5 cents or 10 cents

Coney IslandConey Island

Games Games Participate or spectator Participate or spectator CricketCricket RoundersRounders

Combined Cricket and BaseballCombined Cricket and Baseball BoxingBoxing BaseballBaseball

Cincinnati Red Stockings – first paid team Cincinnati Red Stockings – first paid team 18691869

First World Series 1903First World Series 1903Boston Red Sox and Pittsburgh PiratesBoston Red Sox and Pittsburgh Pirates

FootballFootball Appealed to the upper classAppealed to the upper class Began in private colleges and universitiesBegan in private colleges and universities Late 1800s - spread to public universitiesLate 1800s - spread to public universities

Leisure ActivitiesLeisure Activities Work was less physically demandingWork was less physically demanding More spare timeMore spare time Tennis, golf, croquet, Basketball, circus, Tennis, golf, croquet, Basketball, circus,

photographyphotography

MusicMusic Rag TimeRag Time

Fast paced Fast paced Syncopated rhythmsSyncopated rhythms Scott JoplinScott Joplin

One of the most important African One of the most important African American ragtime composersAmerican ragtime composers

““The King of Ragtime”The King of Ragtime”Maple Leaf RagMaple Leaf Rag

Settlement House MovementSettlement House Movement

Social Gospel Movement-preached Social Gospel Movement-preached salvation through service to the poor.salvation through service to the poor.

Settlement houses-community centers in Settlement houses-community centers in slum neighborhoods that provided slum neighborhoods that provided assistance.assistance.

Ran by middle-class, college-educated Ran by middle-class, college-educated women.women.

Settlement houses cont…Settlement houses cont…

11stst settlement house (Hull House) founded settlement house (Hull House) founded by Jane Addams in Chicago in 1889.by Jane Addams in Chicago in 1889.

New interest in EducationNew interest in Education

U.S. and Great Britain supported public U.S. and Great Britain supported public schools by funding from the gov’t and made schools by funding from the gov’t and made it available for everyone.it available for everyone.

Women’s role did not require education but Women’s role did not require education but others believed women should have the others believed women should have the same opportunities.same opportunities.

Laws were put in place to include girls and Laws were put in place to include girls and some secondary schools(limited only to some secondary schools(limited only to wealthy few) began to open enrollment.wealthy few) began to open enrollment.

Education for womenEducation for women

Women’s collegesWomen’s colleges 1837 Mary Lyon (American educator)-1837 Mary Lyon (American educator)-

opened first women’s college.opened first women’s college. Later becomes known as Mount Holyoke Later becomes known as Mount Holyoke

College in Massachusetts.College in Massachusetts. 1874- London School of Medicine1874- London School of Medicine Two years of debate-British Parliament Two years of debate-British Parliament

allowed women to be registered as doctors.allowed women to be registered as doctors.

Results of educationResults of education Demands for reading materials such as Demands for reading materials such as

magazines and books was a direct effect of magazines and books was a direct effect of the educational system.the educational system.

By 1860 mass-circulation of newspapersBy 1860 mass-circulation of newspapers More than 3,000 were published in the U.S.More than 3,000 were published in the U.S. Newspapers provided rapid communication Newspapers provided rapid communication

thanks to cheaper printing methods, and thanks to cheaper printing methods, and improved distribution by RR and steamshipimproved distribution by RR and steamship


Bell work: Study for vocab quiz!Bell work: Study for vocab quiz! After you turn in your quiz you will do the After you turn in your quiz you will do the

Chapter 13 Cultural Revolution worksheet. Chapter 13 Cultural Revolution worksheet. Number the bullet points from 1-8. Wait for Number the bullet points from 1-8. Wait for

further instructions…I will tell you what to further instructions…I will tell you what to do.do.

Revolution in the ArtsRevolution in the Arts

The Romantic MovementThe Romantic Movement Romanticism-a movement in which artists Romanticism-a movement in which artists

would emphasize human emotion and would emphasize human emotion and imagination over reason.imagination over reason.

The struggle for personal freedom and The struggle for personal freedom and heroic rebellion against society’s rules are heroic rebellion against society’s rules are frequent themes in their works.frequent themes in their works.

Felt compassion for the weak and Felt compassion for the weak and oppressed.oppressed.

Romantic MusicRomantic Music

These people fused music with These people fused music with imaginative literature.imaginative literature.

Music was meant to stir emotions-Music was meant to stir emotions-Beethoven, Tchaikovsky, and Chopin: all Beethoven, Tchaikovsky, and Chopin: all great composers from this time period.great composers from this time period.

Romantic LiteratureRomantic Literature

Created emotion filled, imaginative works.Created emotion filled, imaginative works. Schiller and Von Goethe glorified freedom Schiller and Von Goethe glorified freedom

fighters.fighters. Alexandre Dumas-The Three Musketeers.Alexandre Dumas-The Three Musketeers. Victor Hugo-Victor Hugo-The Hunchback of Notre The Hunchback of Notre

Dame Dame and and Les Miserables Les Miserables portraying portraying human suffering with compassion and human suffering with compassion and power.power.

Romantic PaintingRomantic Painting

Painters began to portray exotic, powerful Painters began to portray exotic, powerful subjects in a dramatic and colorful way.subjects in a dramatic and colorful way.

Eugene Delacroix shows the figure of Eugene Delacroix shows the figure of Liberty as a brave woman carrying a flag Liberty as a brave woman carrying a flag and leading patriots through the streets of and leading patriots through the streets of Paris.Paris.

The Turn Toward RealismThe Turn Toward Realism

Realism-portray life in a realistic matter.Realism-portray life in a realistic matter. Painter and writers wished to portray life Painter and writers wished to portray life

as it was.as it was.

Realism in LiteratureRealism in Literature

Charles Dickens focused on deplorable Charles Dickens focused on deplorable conditions in hospitals, prisons and conditions in hospitals, prisons and poorhouses of London.poorhouses of London.

Leo Tolstoy-wrote Leo Tolstoy-wrote War and PeaceWar and Peace He reflected his compassion for the He reflected his compassion for the

peasants and gave his analysis of social peasants and gave his analysis of social customs.customs.

Symbolism-created a world of shadowy Symbolism-created a world of shadowy images evoked by symbols.images evoked by symbols.

New Trends in PaintingNew Trends in Painting

Impressionism-based their art on proper Impressionism-based their art on proper subject matter and traditional techniques.subject matter and traditional techniques.

Claude Monet-most famous Claude Monet-most famous impressionists.impressionists.

New trends in PaintingNew trends in Painting

Postimpressionism-formed their styles Postimpressionism-formed their styles independently to express in different way independently to express in different way the chaos and complexity around themthe chaos and complexity around them

Post ImpressionismPost Impressionism 1880s artists turn away from impressionism. 1880s artists turn away from impressionism. They formed styles independently to express They formed styles independently to express

in different ways the chaos and complexity in different ways the chaos and complexity around them.around them.

Vincent Van Gogh-used brilliant colors and Vincent Van Gogh-used brilliant colors and distorted forms to make intense statements.distorted forms to make intense statements.

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec-Used Paris Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec-Used Paris nightlife as a major subject.nightlife as a major subject.

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