1

September 12, 2008

DO-NOWBased on your earlier HW assignment, list the key players and the events you remember from the Span-Am War. Define (in-depth):Imperialism

OBJECTIVESTo be able to answer: What were the main events in the Spanish American War?

How does this war reflect the sense of imperialism

AGENDAHomework checkShare our examples of Y.J.Notes on Span-Am War“Exit Slips”

DO-LATEROn a ½ sheet of paper, provide 2 questions, concerns, needs to clarify, praises, etc. regarding this week of class. Questions and comments will be addressed on Monday

Introduction to Spanish-American War

“A Splendid Little War” John Hay, Secretary of State, 1898

3

Background:

Who?

•Spain vs. America

Where?

•Phillipines, Cuba (Spain’s Colonies)

4

Background: Identify the locations

5

Background:

The Philippines

CubaUSA

6

Why?

Help give freedom to Spain’s colonies!Was this the US’s sole reason for becoming involved?

7

Spain’s Re-concentration Policy

•Spain was fighting a guerilla war and needed to separate “good” (in favor of Spanish rule) from “bad” (associated with rebellion) guys

What?

Why?

• Cuban civilians were forced into government run concentration camps by Spanish instated governor, Valeriano “Butcher” Weyler

•Atrocities are published in US newspapers, using “Yellow Journalism” to compete for sales.

How did it lead to war?

8

General Weyler “The Butcher”

In 1896, the Spanish sent "The Butcher," to Cuba

To prevent the insurrectos

Weyler built concentration camps in which he imprisoned a large portion of the population

Under the harsh and unsanitary conditions in the concentration camps,

Cuban prisoners died rapidly, especially from disease

9

American Economic Interests

•Protecting their economic interests

What?

Why?

• Many of Cuba’s sugar plantations were owned by Americans

•Made Americans more likely to help out Cuba

How did it lead to war?

10

“Yellow Journalists”

•Make more $ if they keep you scared and interested

What?

Why?

• Newspaper created highly biased, exaggerated stories

•Made Americans want war! The masses pressured the leaders for war. Everyone a hawk.

How did it lead to war?

11

Recall:

Define Yellow Journalism.

What role did it play in the Spanish American War?

12

Sinking of the Maine in Havana Harbor

What?• USS Maine explodes in Havana Harbor

• Spark that started the war• You could say “9/11” effect

•“Remember the Maine! To hell with Spain!”

How did it lead to war?

• Most Americans believe it was Spain’s fault

• 1976 US Navy analyzed the sunken ship, decided that the hull blew OUT not IN

13

Thinking Slide:

Which of these do you think was most responsible for the nation going to war?

14

Analysis: Headline of the Maine Explosion

“Maine Explosion Caused by Bomb or Torpedo?”2/17/1898 New York World

15

William McKinley, Jr. (1843-1901)

25th President

Wanted to avoid war in CubaLike his predecessor, Grover Cleveland

Yellow journalism and public supported war

(Maine explosion Fed, 1898)

In April 1898, President McKinley abandoned his failed diplomatic efforts and asked Congress for permission to intervene in Cuba.

16

More than McKinley bargained for:

April 1898, finally asks Congress to authorize invasion of Cuba

Congress approves, AND ALSO create a resolution recognizing Cuban independence from Spain.

Spain declares war on the US, April 24, 1989

17

Analysis: Judge Cartoon

18

Manila Bay, Philippines

What Happened at Manila Bay?

• Surprise naval attack by the US sunk the crumbling Spanish Navy

• Made Americans feel very superior

19

Commodore George Dewey

First Action:

May 1,— Commodore Dewey and his Asiatic Squadron defeated the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay

During and after the war, George Dewey became one of the war's most celebrated heroes

20

Rough RidersWho were the Rough Riders? Who was their leader?

•Teddy Roosevelt resigns as Asst Secy of the Navy to lead a “Cowboy Calvary”

•Brought his own photographer

•Teddy’s popularity from this leads to his becoming v.p. and president

21

TR’s Rough Riders

What famous Battle did they participate in?

• The charge on San Juan Hill

• One of the only land battles in Cuba

•African Americans also helped but get no credit

22

Theodore Roosevelt Assistant Secretary of the

Navy

“I should welcome almost any war, for I think this country needs one”

First Volunteer Cavalry, nicknamed the "Rough Riders.“

23

Teddy Roosevelt

24

Results• US defeats Spain & becomes a world power

• Teddy Roosevelt elected Vice President in 1900 and becomes President in 1901 when McKinley is shot

• US must decide what to do about Spain’s former colonies

(Philippines, Puerto Rico, Guam, Cuba)

25

Thinking Slide

Do you think the war was a good idea?