Sentinel-2A Launch - Copernicus · Sentinel-2 What is Sentinel-2A? Sentinel-2A was launched from...
Transcript of Sentinel-2A Launch - Copernicus · Sentinel-2 What is Sentinel-2A? Sentinel-2A was launched from...
Sentinel-2A Launch
22 June 22:52 at Kourou time23 June 03:52 at Brussels time
http://copernicus.eu
Space
Copernicus EU
@CopernicusEU
Sentinel-2
What is Sentinel-2A?Sentinel-2A was launched from Europe’s Spaceport in
Kourou (French Guiana) on 22 June (local time) on top
of a Vega launcher, making it the second satellite in
orbit for Europe’s Copernicus programme. Sentinel-2A
is a polar-orbiting, multispectral high-resolution
imaging mission for land monitoring to provide, for
example, imagery of vegetation, soil and water cover,
inland waterways and coastal areas.
Sentinel 2A is a key element of the Copernicus
programme of the European Union and features a
two-satellite land monitoring constellation designed
by the European Space Agency (ESA) and built by
Airbus Defence and Space. The satellites’ development
capitalises on the know-how and advanced space
technologies from sixty European industrial partners.
Cooperation agreements between ESA and national
space agencies have been established in the area of
image quality (with the French CNES), inter-orbit optical
communications (with the German DLR), and for cross-
calibrations (with NASA in the U.S.).
With a 290 km-wide field of view, Sentinel 2A will deliver
images of Earth’s changing land with an unprecedented
frequency and level of detail and accuracy. Sentinel 2B
which will complete the constellation is expected for
launch mid-2016.
Sentinel-2 missionWith its systematic and frequent coverage, Sentinel 2
will make a significant contribution to Land Monitoring
Services by providing input data for land cover change
mapping, as well as supporting the assessment of bio-
geophysical parameters of vegetation like Leaf Area
Index (LAI), Leaf Chlorophyll Content (LCC) and Leaf
Cover (LC).
Sentinel 2’s instruments comprise 13 spectral channels
with a 290 km swath and spatial resolutions of 10 m
(4 visible and near infrared bands), 20 m (6 red-edge/
shortwave infrared bands) and 60 m (3 atmospheric
correction bands). It is able to support a wide range of
land studies and geophysical applications, reducing the
Space
time required to build a rich and worldwide cloud-free
imaging archive. The spectral bands of Sentinel 2 will
provide data for land cover and change classification,
atmospheric correction and separation between cloud and
snow.
Operational information from this latest Copernicus
mission will help improve agricultural practices, monitor
desertification and the state of the world’s forests, detect
pollution in lakes and coastal waters, contribute to disaster
mapping and much more.
These high-level objectives specified in 2007, after intense
consultation with user communities, will make Sentinel 2
a significant asset for Copernicus Services such as Land
Monitoring, Emergency Management, Security and Climate
Change.
The Sentinel 2 mission will support broader policy
objectives of the European Union, particularly in the areas
of climate and environment.
Concrete applications Agricultural monitoring: food security monitoring,
agricultural production estimation, crop area monitoring
for agricultural statistics;
Disaster monitoring: responses to major disasters in
the shortest possible time, assisting in the identification
of priority areas for humanitarian and financial aid,
providing essential geographical information for remote
areas where the information is absent or inaccurate (e.g.
following flooding or earthquakes);
Forest monitoring: contribution to the conservation of
biodiversity in forests, soil conservation;
Urban planning: supporting
urban planning in order to
ensure sustainable and balanced
development, providing the
means for a consistent basis
of comparison across Europe,
allowing the tracking of urban
developments to understand how
policies trigger or suppress urban
expansion;
Water monitoring: water stress assessment and water
scarcity forecasting, as information on the extent and
impact of water scarcity and drought is indispensable for
decision-making at national and continental scale;
Cryosphere: assisting in improving the understanding of
the water cycle and climate, supporting decision-making at
the public and private levels, supporting flood forecasting
and early warning systems;
Soil conservation: supporting European decision-making
and spatial planning authorities with consistent and
comparable EU-wide information products to analyse
current and potential future trends and impacts of land
use changes for urban developments and infrastructure
investment, the prevention of land degradation;
Biodiversity monitoring: supporting European, national
and local authorities in monitoring the state of European
habitats, supporting research monitoring and the
assessment of biodiversity.
For more information, visit http://www.copernicus.eu/main/last-steps-road-launch
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Copernicus is the EU Earth Observation and Monitoring Programme
What is Copernicus?Copernicus is a European Union Programme aimed at
developing European information services based on
satellite Earth Observation and in-situ (non-space) data
analyses. The Programme is coordinated and managed
by the European Commission. It is implemented in
partnership with the Member States, the European
Space Agency (ESA), the European Organisation for the
Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT),
the European Centre for medium-range Weather
Forecasts (ECMWF), EU Agencies and Mercator Océan.
Vast amounts of global data from satellites and from
ground-based, airborne and seaborne measurement
systems are being used to provide information to
help service providers, public authorities and other
international organisations improve the quality of life
for the citizens of Europe. The information services
provided will be freely and openly accessible to its
users.
How does Copernicus collect data?The Copernicus Space and Service Components have
been specifically designed to meet user requirements.
Through satellite and in-situ observations, the
services deliver near-real-time data on a global
level which can also be used for local and regional
needs, to help us better understand our planet and
sustainably manage the environment we live in.
Copernicus observes from Satellites: Copernicus will
be served by a set of dedicated satellites (the Sentinels)
and contributing missions (existing commercial and
public satellites). The Sentinels are specifically designed
to meet the needs of the Copernicus services and their
users. Since the launch of Sentinel-1A in 2014, the
Union set in motion a process to place a constellation
of more than a dozen satellites in orbit over the course
of the next ten years. Sentinel-1A provides a unique
set of observations, starting with high-resolution, all-
weather, day and night radar images to be used for
land and ocean services.
Copernicus collects information from In-situ systems
such as ground stations, which deliver data acquired by
a multitude of sensors on the ground, at sea or in the
air. These data come from European and non-European
organisations and from Member States as well.
Copernicus monitors: It stores the information and
keeps track of changes or recurring phenomena: this
constitutes a large amount of reliable and up-to-date
information on the status of our planet.
Copernicus analyses: The data is analysed in a way
that generates indicators useful for researchers and
end users, providing information on past, present and
future trends. They can analyse, for example, the air
quality in our cities and detect visible and noticeable
Space
increases in air pollution (smoke, dust, smog)
or analyse the rise in global sea levels.
What are the services?The services address six thematic areas:
An Atmosphere Monitoring Service
⇢ fully operational from July 2015;
A Marine Environment Monitoring Service
⇢ fully operational since May 2015;
A Land Monitoring Service
⇢ fully operational since January 2013;
A Climate Change Service
⇢ in ramp-up phase;
An Emergency Management Service
⇢ fully operational since April 2012;
A Security Service
⇢ in ramp-up phase.
What happens to the data?The Copernicus system delivers data and
information to Copernicus users, supplied
on a long term and sustainable basis
through a set of services. The EC funds
companies and public entities which provide
these services. The information can be used
by end users for a wide range of applications
in a variety of areas. These include urban
area management, sustainable development
and nature protection, regional and local
planning, agriculture, forestry and fisheries,
health, civil protection, infrastructure,
transport and mobility, as well as tourism.
What is the added-value of the Copernicus System?
• Guarantee of service, providing global
spatial coverage;
• Near-real time data provided to end users;
• Enable integration of the data (space and
in-situ) and analyses;
• High resolution images, and lower
resolution overviews;
• Regular and systematic review of data;
• Reduced reaction time to enable better
response to man-made or natural disasters;
• Global/Pan European Approach to Earth
monitoring.
The Copernicus data policy promotes the
access, use and sharing of Copernicus
information and data on a full, free and
open basis.
How does Copernicus help the citizens of Europe?
Copernicus is the concrete realisation of
the European idea of providing our citizens
with new public services on both a European
and global scale. By investing in Earth
monitoring and observation systems and
networks, which monitor and forecast the
state of the environment on land, sea and
in the atmosphere, we are now better able
understand our planet, protect and sustain
our environment and feel more safe and
secure.
Copernicus in Action (examples)• The Marine Environment Monitoring Service
provided data to the Italian authorities
supporting oil spill scenario calculations
during the parbuckling of Costa Concordia;
• During the terrible floods that hit central
Europe in 2013 the Emergency Management
Service provided reference maps and flood
delineation to the affected areas;
• Copernicus also plays an important role
in creating business opportunities for small
and medium-sized enterprises, which create
jobs and growth. It is estimated that the
programme could result in some 48,000
direct and indirect jobs being created over
the period 2015-2030.
Web: http://copernicus.eu | Facebook: Copernicus EU | Twitter: @CopernicusEU
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Space
The Local component of the Copernicus
Land Monitoring Service is also managed by
the EEA. It aims to provide specific and more
detailed information complementing the
information produced by the Pan-European
component. It focuses on “hotspots”
which are prone to specific environmental
challenges in Europe.
The Urban Atlas, one of the local components,
focuses on the mapping and change analysis
of urban areas. It provides reliable, inter-
country comparable, high resolution land
use maps for 695 European cities and their
surroundings for the reference years 2006
and 2012 which allow land use comparisons
across cities and over time.
The Urban Atlas is used to detect building
footprints, land use changes, urban sprawl
and urban green area decline and high urban
densities. The information is used to prioritise
public transport, support emergency planning
or promote sustainable urban development
in general in a pan-European comparable
mode.
For example, in the case of mapping
areas affected by emergency situations,
a comparison can be made between the
situation before and after the crisis to
understand if and how this can be prevented
by smart urban planning.
Who can use it and is it for free?The Copernicus data policy promotes the
access, use and sharing of Copernicus
information and data on a full, free and
open basis. There is no restriction on use
or reproduction and redistribution, with or
without adaptation, for commercial or non-
commercial purposes.
This data policy applies to the data and
information generated within the Copernicus
programme, i.e., Sentinel mission data and
Copernicus service information.
Users can find out more about the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service at: http://land.copernicus.eu/
Land Monitoring ServiceThe Copernicus Land Monitoring Service is part of the Copernicus Programme, which is an EU Programme managed by the European Commission (EC) and implemented in partnership with the Member States, the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), the European Centre for medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), EU Agencies and Mercator Océan. The Programme is aimed at developing a set of European information services based on satellite Earth Observation and in-situ (non-space) data analyses.
What is the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service?
The Copernicus Land Monitoring Service provides
geographical information on land cover, land use,
land cover-use changes over the years, vegetation
state or water cycle. Applications that are built upon
and integrate the information supplied by the service
can provide support in areas such as spatial planning,
forest management, water management, agriculture
and food security and emergency management,
amongst others.
Service priorities and their relevance to users are
defined and validated by the EC and the Member
States.
The service became operational in 2012.
What does the Land Monitoring Service do?The three main components of the Copernicus Land
Monitoring Service are currently:
A Global component;
A Pan-European component;
A Local component.
The Global component of the Copernicus Land
Monitoring Service is managed by the European
Commission’s Directorate Joint Research Centre. It
produces biophysical parameters that give a picture
of the state of vegetation (e.g. leaf area index, fraction
of green vegetation cover, vegetation condition index),
the energy budget (e.g. land surface temperature) and
the water cycle (e.g. soil water index, water bodies)
every ten days and on a worldwide scale.
The biophysical parameters production is
complemented with an activity providing detailed
and high resolution land cover - land use information
on specific hot spot areas around the world, mainly
targeted to support biodiversity preservation.
The Pan-European component is managed by the
EEA and is producing high resolution information
sets describing the main land cover types: artificial
surfaces (e.g. roads and paved areas), forest areas,
agricultural areas (grasslands), wetlands and small
water bodies.
Bruxelles / Brussel
Observing our planet for a safer world
REGIOgis
0 0.75 1.5 Km
0 10 205 Km
Larger Urban Zone: Bruxelles / Brussel Continuous Urban fabric (S.L. > 80%)
Discontinuous Dense Urban Fabric (S.L.: 50% - 80%)
Discontinuous Medium Density Urban Fabric (S.L.: 30% - 50%)
Discontinuous Low Density Urban Fabric (S.L.: 10% - 30%)
Discontinuous Very Low Density Urban Fabric (S.L. < 10%)
Isolated Structures
Industrial, commercial, public, military and private units
Fast transit roads and associated land
Other roads and associated land
Railways and associated land
Port areas
Airports
Mineral extraction and dump sites
Construction sites
Land without current use
Green urban areas
Sports and leisure facilities
Agricultural Areas, semi-natural areas and wetlands
Forests
Water
No data
Urban Atlas map: Brussels
High Resolution Layer Forest Tree cover density
(Brno, CZ)
Corine Land cover (minimum mapping unit 25 ha)
Corine Land Cover: the distribution of aggregated land cover classes
Global Land biophysical parameters: Albedo
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The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service is part of the Copernicus Programme, which is an EU Programme managed by the European Commission (EC) and implemented in partnership with the Member States, the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), the European Centre for medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), EU Agencies and Mercator Océan. The Programme is aimed at developing a set of European information services based on satellite Earth Observation and in-situ (non-space) data analyses.
Space
Marine environment issues
The Copernicus Marine Environment
Monitoring Service assimilates marine data
into 3D models and then reanalyses these
over long term periods in the past. This
work helps address marine and coastal
environment issues.
Products delivered by the Copernicus Marine
Environment Monitoring Service contribute to
the protection and sustainable management
of living marine resources, including fish
stock management.
Understanding weather and climate change
Many of the data delivered by the service
(e.g. temperature, currents) play a crucial
role in the domain of weather, climate
and seasonal forecasting. The Service also
records the status of polar icecaps, which
helps us to understand the impact of climate
change.
What is the added value of the Copernicus Marine Environment
Monitoring Service?• The Service provides a single point of
access to a large variety of marine data and
information;
• The critical data produced by the Copernicus
Marine Environment Monitoring Service helps
scientists better understand the ocean and
EU regional seas;
• Monitoring of sea ice together with its
forecast can provide useful information to
marine transport in ice infested waters;
• The service provides useful information for
various activities in the context of fisheries
and mariculture, tourism, or the overall
management of coastal zones;
• Freely available high quality data opens
new possibilities in monitoring our marine
environment and enables new business
ideas in a wide area of marine activities.
The Copernicus data policy promotes the
access, use and sharing of Copernicus
information and data on a full, free and
open basis.
Users can find out more about the products delivered by the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service at: http://marine.copernicus.euThe products delivered by the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service are provided free of charge to registered users through a Catalogue available at: http://operation.myocean.eu/web/24-catalogue.php
Marine Environment Monitoring Service
What is the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service?
The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring
Service provides regular and systematic information
about the physical state and dynamics of the ocean
and marine ecosystems for the global ocean and the
European regional seas. This data covers analysis of
the current situation, forecasts of the situation a few
days in advance and the provision of retrospective
data records (re-analysis).
The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service
calculates and provides products describing currents,
temperature, wind, salinity, sea level, sea ice and
biogeochemistry. These factors support marine and
maritime applications and related EU policies, e.g. in
the fields of:
Marine safety;
Marine and coastal environment;
Marine resources;
Weather, seasonal forecasting and climate.
In November 2014, the European Commission signed
a Delegation Agreement with Mercator Océan for the
implementation of the service. The service became
fully operational in April 2015.
What does the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service do?
The service provides information on the ocean for the
large scale (worldwide coverage) and regional scales
(main European basins and seas).
Typical products provided by the service are:
• Maps and data for oceanographic forecasts;
• Retrospective assessments of the sea state;
• Simulations of pollution transport;
• Inputs to fine scale analysis in coastal areas.
Some examples:Shipping and sea rescue services
The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service
collects observational data about the sea level, sea
surface temperature, sea ice and sea surface wind
using in-situ sensors and earth observation satellites
which can provide useful information for ship routing
services or search and rescue operations.
The Costa Concordia: Fuel leak simulation illustrated by surface oil concentration (tonne/km²)
on March 31st 2011.
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A Japanese use case (Fukushima):
Search and Rescue Scenario
Salinity: Information relevant
for water quality monitoring and pollution control
Search and rescue scenario
Sea Surface Temperature on a global scale
The Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service is part of the Copernicus Programme, which is an EU Programme managed by the European Commission (EC) and implemented in partnership with the Member States, the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), the European Centre for medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), EU Agencies and Mercator Océan. The Programme is aimed at developing a set of European information services based on satellite Earth Observation and in-situ (non-space) data analyses.
Space
Some examples:Air Quality
The Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring
Service provides continuous observation of
the composition of the Earth’s atmosphere
and helps predict air quality. Atmospheric
composition helps to understand phenomena
such as desert dust plumes, long-range
transport of atmospheric pollutants including
pollen as well as ash plumes from volcanic
eruptions. This information can be relevant
for different domains such as public health
or even safety of air traffic.
Each day, the Copernicus Atmosphere
Monitoring Service provides analyses and
forecasts detailing constituents in the Earth’s
atmosphere at various heights above sea
level for the next 96 hours.
Solar RadiationThe Service also monitors levels of UV
radiation and provides 4-day forecasts
on a European and global scale, which
helps optimise the use of solar energy and
supports the prevention of skin cancer.
What is the added value of the Copernicus
Atmosphere Monitoring Service?• The service delivers information on the air
we breathe;
• The recording and analysis of solar
radiation provides information to public and
private organisations in fields such as health,
agriculture and solar energy;
• The service compiles emission data and
also estimates net fluxes of CO2 and CH4
at the Earth’s surface. This helps improve
understanding of key climate forcings;
• Freely available high quality data opens new
possibilities in monitoring the composition
of the atmosphere and enables the creation
of new business ideas supporting public
and private stakeholders in a wide area of
applications linked to atmospheric science.
The Copernicus data policy promotes the
access, use and sharing of Copernicus
information and data on a full, free and
open basis.
Users can find out more about the products delivered by the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service at: http://atmosphere.copernicus.eu
Atmosphere Monitoring Service
Global nitrogen oxides
What is the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service?
The Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service
provides the capacity to continuously monitor the
composition of the Earth’s atmosphere at global and
regional scales. This service capacity encompasses
the description of the current situation (analysis), the
prediction of the situation a few days ahead (forecast),
and the provision of consistent retrospective data
records for recent years (re-analysis). The service
generates geophysical products which require further
technical processing and various forms of high level
information to support decision makers.
The main areas that the Copernicus Atmosphere
Monitoring Service focuses on are:
Air quality and atmospheric composition;
Ozone layer and ultra-violet radiation;
Emissions and surface fluxes;
Solar radiation;
Climate forcing.
In November 2014, the European Commission
signed a Delegation Agreement with ECMWF for the
implementation of the service. The service will be fully
operational from July 2015.
What does the Atmosphere Monitoring Service do?
Typical products provided by the service are:
• Maps and data for regional air quality forecasts;
• Retrospective assessments of air quality;
• Identification of pollutants and their source;
• Pollen concentration levels in the atmosphere;
• Resources for evaluating possible emission control
measures;
• Inputs to local air quality forecasts, health information
and warnings.
Co2 concentration over Africa
Pollution forecast for Brussels
Surface Carbon Monoxide
Total Aerosol Optical Depth
Surface parameter: Nitrogen dioxide
Average of Observed Fire Radiative
Power Areal Density
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The Copernicus Emergency Management Service is part of the Copernicus Programme, which is an EU Programme managed by the European Commission (EC) and implemented in partnership with the Member States, the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), the European Centre for medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), EU Agencies and Mercator Océan. The Programme is aimed at developing a set of European information services based on satellite Earth Observation and in-situ (non-space) data analyses.
SpaceUsers can download maps and see the latest activations on the Emergency Management Service website: http://emergency.copernicus.eu/
Details of flood forecasts can be found on the EFAS European Commission’s Flood Portal: http://efas.eu
What is the Emergency Management Service?The Copernicus Emergency Management Service (EMS),
managed directly by the European Commission via
the Joint Research Centre, has two main components,
Early Warning and Mapping. EMS provides reliable
maps derived from satellite images to assess the
impact of natural and man-made disasters all over the
world. The Service also supports crisis managers, civil
protection authorities and humanitarian aid actors, as
well as those involved in preparedness and recovery
activities. As an EU service, the EMS’s first priority is
responding to EU needs and interests, whether within
the EU or abroad. The Emergency Management Service
is provided free of charge to authorised users.
Early Warning ServiceThe Early Warning component of the EMS currently
provides alerts related to flood and forest fire risks. The
European Flood Awareness System (EFAS) provides
flood probability forecasts for all European rivers.
The European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS)
provides fire danger forecasts up to 10 days in advance
and near real-time and historical information on forest
fires and their ecological impacts in the European,
Middle East and North Africa region are provided by the
European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS).
Emergency Management Service
EMS Mapping ServiceThe EMS Mapping Service provides
reliable maps derived from satellite
images to assess the impact and
respond to natural and man-made
disasters. The mapping service
operates in two modes – rapid
mode for emergencies that require
an immediate response, and risk
& recovery mode for emergency services that do
not require immediate action such as prevention and
disaster risk analysis and recovery activities.
The service can be activated for natural or man-made
disasters including earthquakes, storms, humanitarian
crises (refugee camps), floods, forest fires, industrial
accidents and windstorms. In rapid mapping mode,
maps are delivered as fast as possible, typically within
a few hours or days, after the reception of satellite
data.
In Rapid Mapping Mode, the main products of the
EMS Mapping Service are:
Reference maps, which provide an overview of the
geographic area prior to the disaster;
Delineation maps, which provide an assessment of
the event’s extent, such as burnt area after a forest
fire or flooded area;
Grading maps, which provide an assessment
of the impact, e.g. showing the number
of totally destroyed, severely or slightly
damaged buildings.
Who can use the EMS Mapping Service?
There are three levels of users:
• Authorised Users – may activate the service
directly. Authorised Users are the designated
National Focal Points (NFPs), one in each EU
Member State, as well as EC services and
the European External Action Service;
• Associated Users – these users may
trigger the service through Authorised
Users. They include local, regional and other
public entities, international governmental
organisations (e.g. UN agencies, the World
Bank) and national and international non-
governmental organisations;
• General Public Users – these users may not
trigger the service, but can access the service
products though the Copernicus Emergency
website.
The Copernicus data policy promotes the
access, use and sharing of Copernicus
information and data on a full, free and
open basis.
How can the EMS Mapping Service be accessed?
Copernicus EMS Mapping Authorised Users
may activate the service by completing
the relevant Service Request Form (SRF).
Associated Users have to contact their
respective Focal Points who are authorised
to trigger the service. There are two types
of Service Request Forms: (I.) for Rapid
Mapping; (II.) for Risk & Recovery Mapping.
The completed form must be sent by
e-mail to DG ECHO’s Emergency Response
Coordination Centre (ERCC) and followed up
by a phone call. Once the service request is
properly submitted, it undergoes a review
by the ERCC against predefined eligibility
criteria (technical feasibility, sensitivity,
mapping capacity, event’s magnitude). From
April 2012 to April 2015, there have been a
total of 123 activations of the Copernicus
EMS, producing circa 1350 maps for disaster
events all over the world. These have been
triggered in response to flood emergencies
in Europe (Germany, Spain and the UK)
and Africa (Mozambique) as well as fires,
earthquakes (Nepal), tsunamis and also
as a result of humanitarian crises in the
Central African Republic, Syria/Jordan and
Bangladesh.
What is the Added Value of the EMS?• Operational service 24/7 all year round;
• The only existing emergency response
service, which supplies standard information
products derived from satellite data in
rapid mode to first disaster responders and
humanitarian actors worldwide;
• The Risk & Recovery Mapping module
delivers information and analysis in support
of activities for disaster risk reduction,
prevention, preparedness, recovery, and
reconstruction.
Forest Fire, La Gomera in Spain
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Via Valli
via Perossara
Via della Repubblica
Via Sabbioni
Via Gregorio Agnini
Via
Eur
opa
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Bru
ino
Via dell'Industria
Via
Cas
arin
o
SS
12
Via 2 Giugno
Via delle Nazio
ni Un
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Viale Antonio Gramsci
Via Mazzone
Via Mazza
Via Statale
Via per Concordia
Stra
da N
azio
nale
Del
Can
alet
to N
ord
Via Bosco
Via Sabbioni
Via Galeazza
Via Provinciale
Via Stat
aleVia Casarino
Bologna-Verona
Ospedale SantaMaria Bianca
Carabinieri
Municipio
Comune dimodolla
PoliziaMunicipale
11°15'0"E
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000 GLIDE number: EQ-2012-000090-ITA
Production date: 21/06/2012
Cartographic Information
1:30 000
±Map Coordinate System: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 32N
Map Information
Data Sources
Dissemination/Publication
Map production
Full color ISO A1, high resolution (300 dpi)
The products elaborated for this rapid mapping has been realized to the best of our ability,within a very short time frame during a crisis, optimising the available data and information.All geographic information has limitations due to scale, resolution, date and interpretation ofthe original data sources. The products are compliant with GIO-EMS RUSH Product Portfoliospecifications.
No restrictions on the publication of the mapping apply.Delivery formats are GeoTIFF, GeoPDF, GeoJPEG and vectors (shapefile and KML formats).
An earthquake with a magnitude 5.8 killed at least 16 people in northern Italy on 29/05/2012,damaging buildings and leaving 14,000 people homeless in the Emilia Romagna region northof Bologna, one of Italy most agriculturally and industrially productive areas. The epicentre ofthe earthquake, which struck at depth of 9.6 km (6 miles), was less than 30 km (19 miles)from Modena, not far from where the magnitude 6 earthquake struck on 20th May (Source:Glide Number).The core users of the map are Civil Protection authorities involved in operations in the field.The aim of the map production is to support the emergency response activities.
The present map shows a delineation of the affected buildings in the area of San Felice sulPanaro, ITALY, based on visual interpretation of post-event satellite imagery acquired on30/05/2012 (WorldView-02, spatial resolution 0.5 m).Post-event satellite images have been orthorectified using RPC model and SRTM elevationdata.The estimated geometric accuracy of this product is 5 m CE90 or better, from nativepositional accuracy of the background orthoimage.The estimated thematic accuracy of this product is 60% or better, as it is based on visualinterpretation of recognizable items on very high resolution satellite imagery. Please note thatdue to the high off nadir angle, presence of haze and 0.5m resolution only damages to largestructures could be detected.Map produced on 21/06/2012 by SIRS under contract 257219 with the EuropeanCommission. All products are © of the European Commission.Name of the release inspector (quality control): GAF AG (ODO).E-mail: [email protected]
Legend
Graticule: WGS 84 geographical coordinates
Product N.:05SanFelice, v2Activation ID: EMSR004
Background imagery: WorldView-02 © Digitalglobe (0% cloudy, 0.5 m resolution, acquired on30/05/2012)LandScan ©UT BATTELLE, LLC. 2010 (approx. 1km resolution).Base vector layers based on Openstreetmap and Wikimapia refined by SIRS (nominal scale1:5000).All Data sources are complete and with no gaps.
Civil Protection
Response
Delineation Map - Overview
Planning
WorldView-02 satellite imagery
29-05-2012Earthquake
0 1 20,5km
San Felice, Emilia Romagna, ITALYEarthquake - 29/05/2012Delineation Map - Overview
Detailed Areaof Interest 2
Detailed Areaof Interest 1
Mirandola
San Felice
Medolla
Cavezzo
Framework
Areas of interest
Crisis Information
;Ø Gathering of People
Building Blocks
Not Affected
Transportation
Primary Road
Secondary Road
Local Road
Other
Railway
Points of Interest
X Transportation
9 Institutional
4 Educational
K Medical
F Cemetery
" Affected Building
Affected
Earthquake in San Felice, Emilia Romagna, Italy
Crisis InformationFlood (04/06/2013)
General InformationArea of Interest
Settlements! Populated Place
Industrial
Multi-functional
Industry / UtilitiesPower Substation
HydrologyCanal
Stream
Lake
Reservoir
River
Point of Interest4 Educational
K Medical
^ Religious
X Transportation
Transportation
!(u Helipad
Railway
Primary Road
Secondary Road
Local Road
The present map shows basic topographic features such as transportation, hydrology andsettlements in the area of Torgau (Saxony Region, GERMANY). These basic topographic featuresare derived from public datasets, refined by means of visual interpretation of the national officialaerial orthoimages © Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (BKG) (GSD 0.40 m, 0% cloudcoverage).Thematic layer assessing the delineation of the flood event as been derived from COSMO-SkyMedpost-event imagery (5 m resolution, acquired on 04/06/2013).The estimated geometric accuracy of this product is 3m CE90 or better, from native positionalaccuracy of the background aerial image.The estimated thematic accuracy of this product is 85% or better, based on previous experience inusing high-resolution SAR for flood extent delineation. Please be aware that the thematic accuracymight be lower in urban and forested areas due to known limitations of the analysis technique.Land cover data are delivered as vector files and they are not displayed in the map.Map produced on 04/06/2013 by e-GEOS under contract 257219 with the European Commission.All products are © of the European Commission.Name of the release inspector (quality control): e-GEOS (ODO).
!
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4
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KK
Area of Interest - Detail
GroßerTeich
AlteElbe
Kuhteich
HafenTorgau
AlteElbe
alteElbe
Gehegeteich
Röhrgraben
Saulachgraben
Laggegraben
Nordumfluter
SchwarzerGraben
Schwarzer Graben
Eller Graben
Torgau-BeilrodeAirfield
Torgau
Beilrode
Kreisvolkshochschule
Berufsschule
Tagesklinik Torgau Kreis-KrankenhausTorgau
KircheZinna
Kirche zuWelsau
NeuapostolischeKirche
KatholischeKirche Torgau
StadtkircheSt. Marien
KircheKreichau
Kirche Zwethau
Bahnhofst r aßeErnst-Thälm
ann-Straße
Eilenburger Straße
Dah
lene
rSt
raße
Warschauer Straße
Dorfstraße
Südring
Zinnaer Straße
Werdau
Herzb
erger Straße
Elbbrücke
Auße
nring
Zwethau
Werdau
Welsau
Torgau
Repitz
Losswig
Kreischau
Graditz
EulenauBruckenkopf
13°4'0"E
13°4'0"E
13°3'0"E
13°3'0"E
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13°1'0"E
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51°3
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358000
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GLIDE number: N/A
!.
!.
!.
Torgau
Brandenburg
Sachsen
Sachsen-Anhalt
Elbe
Oder
Germany
^Berlin
BalticSeaNorth
Sea
Austria
CzechRepublic
Belgium
France
Germany
Netherlands
Poland
Switzerland
Production date: 05/06/2013
Cartographic Information
1:12500
±Map Coordinate System: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 33N
Full color ISO A1, high resolution (300 dpi)
The products elaborated in the framework of current mapping in rush mode activation are realizedto the best of our ability, within a very short time frame during a crisis, optimising the available dataand information. All geographic information has limitations due to scale, resolution, date andinterpretation of the original data sources. The products are compliant with GIO-EMS RUSHProduct Portfolio specifications.
Starting from beginning of June, heavy rainfalls have caused flooding along rivers and lakes inGermany, Austria, Switzerland and the Czech Republic, forcing authorities to issue disasterwarnings and reinforce defenses. Several people have already been killed, with water levelsexpected to continue rising.In Germany floods have been affecting several towns and villages in both Southern Bavaria andSaxony.This is a delineation map for the region of Torgau (Saxony) showing the situation as of 04/06/2013.The core users of the map are Civil Protection authorities involved in in-field operations.The potential additional users of the map are other Civil Protection authorities involved inoperations.The scope of the map production is planning and support to logistics.
No restrictions on the publication of the mapping apply.Delivery formats are GeoTIFF, GeoPDF, GeoJPEG and vectors (shapefile and KML formats).
Legend
Graticule: WGS 84 geographical coordinates
Product N.: 04Torgau, v1Activation ID: EMSR-044
Inset maps based on: Administrative boundaries (JRC 2013, GISCO 2010, © EuroGeographics),Hydrology, Transportation (Natural Earth, 2012, CCM River DB © EU-JRC 2007), Settlements(Geonames, 2013).COSMO-SkyMed © ASI (2013) (acquired on 04/06/2013, GSD 5 m) provided under ESA GSC-DADWH License.Aerial orthoimages © Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (BKG) (GSD 0.40 m, 0% cloudcoverage)Base vector layers based on Openstreetmap, Geonames, Corine Land Cover, Urban Atlas (approx.1:25:000, extracted on 03/06/2013), refined by e-GEOS.All Data sources are complete and with no gaps.
Civil Protection
Response
Delineation Map - Detail
Planning
COSMO-SkyMed
03-06-2013Flood
0 0,5 10,25km
Torgau - GERMANYFlood - 03/06/2013
Delineation Map - Detail
Data Sources
Map Information
Dissemination/Publication
Framework
Map Production
Denmark
Elbe
Estimated PopulationTransportationLand use Forest 3.5 ha Grassland 2.30 ha
Agricolture 246.82 ha Scrub 0 ha
1.16 km
Consequences within the Detail AOI on 04/06/20130 inhabitants
Flood in Torgau, Germany
Present map shows the current situation at the area of Za'atri (Jordan). These basictopographic features derive from public open source and institutional datasets, refined bymeans of visual interpretation of post-event WorldView-2 satellite imagery (28/11/2012, GSD0.5 m, 0% cloud coverage).The satellite imagery has been radiometrically enhanced and geometrically corrected usingthe MONIT07 satellite imagery and vector data as reference.The estimated geometric accuracy of this product is 12 m CE90 or better, from nativepositional accuracy of the reference satellite image.The estimated thematic accuracy of this product is 90% or better, as it is based on visualinterpretation of recognizable items on very high resolution optical imagery.Map produced by GAF under contract 257219 with the European Commission. All productsare © of the European Commission.Name of the release inspector (quality control): e-GEOS (ODO).E-mail: [email protected]
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32°1
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"N
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7'20
"N
32°1
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N
32°1
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GLIDE number: OT-2012-000135-JOR
Production date: 28/11/2012
Cartographic Information
1:6,000
±Map Coordinate System: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 37N
Full color ISO A1, high resolution (300 dpi)
The products elaborated in the framework of current mapping in rush mode activation arerealized to the best of our ability, within a very short time frame during a crisis, optimising theavailable data and information. All geographic information has limitations due to scale,resolution, date and interpretation of the original data sources. The products are compliantwith GIO-EMS RUSH Product Portfolio specifications.
Delivery formats are GeoTIFF, GeoPDF, GeoJPEG and vectors (shapefile and KML formats).
The Syrian refugee population in Jordan seems to have increased compared to the end ofOctober: UNHCR adjusted the number of refugees to some 136,785 that have already beenassisted by humanitarian organizations.(Source: UNHCR Syrian Regional Refugee Response weekly update, 28th November 2012,http://data.unhcr.org/syrianrefugees/country.php?id=107).The German Federal Relief Agency (THW) supports efforts in setting up a refugee camp atZa'atri (Jordan) near the Syrian border.This reference map is foreseen to provide the THW team with adequate knowledge of theterritory, in order to plan the camp in cooperation with Jordan authorities.The core users of the map are Humanitarian Aid Operators. The scope of the mapproduction is planning and support to logistics.
Legend
Graticule: WGS 84 geographical coordinates
Product N.: 00AlMafraq, v1Activation ID: EMSR-014
WorldView-02 © DigitalGlobe (2012) (acquired on 28/11/2012, GSD 0.5 m, 0% cloudcoverage,42.2° off-nadir angle) provided under ESA GSC-DA DWH License.Base vector layers based on Openstreetmap (approx. 1:5,000, extracted on 27/07/2012),Wikimapia (approx. 1:5,000, extracted on 28/07/2012), Geonames (approx. 1:5,000,extracted on 27/07/2012), refined by GAFElevation data: SRTM v4 (90m posting).All Data sources are complete and with no gaps.
Humanitarian Aid
Response
Reference Map - Detail
Planning
WorldView-02 (c) DigitalGlobe
27-07-2012Other
0 250 500125m
Al Mafraq - JORDANRefugee camp authorized area
Reference Map - Detail Monit 08
Map production
Framework
Dissemination/Publication
Data Sources
Map Information
Area of InterestDetail - Za'atri
Number of shelters/tents: 7,708 unitsNumber of people hosted in the refugee camp: more than 40,941 inhabitants(Source: UNHCR Syrian Regional Refugee Response weekly update, 28th November 2012,http://data.unhcr.org/syrianrefugees/country.php?id=107)
General Information
Area of Interest
Transportation
Primary Road
Local Road
Other
Aerodrome
Runway
Building
Other or Unknown
Residential
Built-Up Area
Refugee camp
Residential
Refugee Camp in Al Mafraq: 7 708 tents
Data Sources
Map ProductionThe present map shows basic topographic features such as Transport Network, Hydrology,Population, Toponyms and Critical Crisis Infrastructure in the fictive area of Nordland andSydland. These basic topographic features are derived from publicly available datasets,Danish and German national topgraphic vector datasets, refined by means of visualinterpretation of Danish and German national aerial orthophoto imagery.Flood inundation extent was modeled using combination of Danish and German national 10m Digital Elevation Model and European 30m EUDEM. The extent of inundation yieldsnumerous flooded areas and infrastructure depicted in the map. It is result of simplifiedhydrologic model and as such it exceeds the natural conditions.Integrated vector and mapping products inherit high geometric accuracy of input vectordatesets and of aerial orthophotoimagery, which complies with JRC requirements for1:10.000 cartography.Only the area enclosed by the Area of Interest has been analyzed.Map produced on 03/09/2013 by GISAT s.r.o. and Indra Sistemas S.A. under contract257228 with the European Commission. All products are © of the European Commission.Name of the release inspector (Quality Control): JRCE-mail: [email protected]
GLIDE number: N/A
Cartographic Information
Map Coordinate System: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 32N
Full color A1, low resolution (300dpi)
The products elaborated in the framework of current mapping in non-rush mode activationare realized to the best of our ability, within a very short time frame during a crisis, optimisingthe available data and information. All geographic information has limitations due to scale,resolution, date and interpretation of the original data sources. The products are compliantwith GIO-EMS non-rush Product Portfolio specifications.
The core user of the map is the German Federal Agency for Technical Relief (THW)International Division.The purpose of the requested mapping is to provide flood inundation and impact analysissupporting the TRIPLEX exercise. The exercise is based on fictive scenario reflecting thesituation after a hurricane (cat. 3), when sea raises and flesh floods from heavy rainfalls hitthe border region Nordland (part of Denmark) and Sydland (Schlewig-Holstein, Germany).The maps will be used by European Civil Protection team and United Nation DisasterAssessment Coordination team. The teams will use the maps in the On Site Operations andCoordination Center (OSOCC).
No restrictions on the publication of the mapping applyDelivery formats are GeoTIFF, GeoPDF, GeoJPG JRC PLEASE SPECIFY IF VECTORS.
LegendGraticule: WGS 84 Geographical Coordinates
Product N.: 02TRIPLEX, v01 Activation ID: EMSN-004
Inset maps based on: Administrative boundaries (GADM database of Global Adm. Areas).Main map background: DOP40_DE orthophoto © BKG (acquired - various dates, GSD 0.4m, 0% cloud coverage), FOT orthophoto © Miljoministeriet (acquired - various dates, GSD0.1 m, 0% cloud coverage) JRC PLEASE SPECIFY LICENCEVector layers are based on: 1) Integration of source data - Danish topographic vectordataset (KORT10), German Base Digital Landscape Model (BDLM), Open Street Maps,Google Earth (approx. equivalent scale 1:10:000, obtained on 09/08/2013), 2) Refinementusing national aerial orthophotoimagery - specified in the main map backgroundAnalysis layers based on:DTM10 © Miljoministeriet (2013, GSD 10 m), DTM - Altimeter © BKG (2013, GSD 10 m),EUDEM © EUDEM (2009, GSD 30 m)All Data sources are complete and with no gaps.
NORDLAND and SYDLANDPost Disaster Situation Map
Detail
Dissemination/Publication
Framework
1:10,000
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Kravlund
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Terkelsbol
9°18'0"E
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54°5
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54°5
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54°5
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54°5
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54°5
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513000
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France
Morocco
PortugalSpain
±0 100 200 300 400 500Meters
0 50 100 150 200
km
ABENRA^
Map Information
Dissemination/Publication
Framework
Map Production
Data sources
Prodution Date: 03/09/2013
^
^
FLENSBURG
ODENSE
NEKSDOHR
NORDLAND
SYDLAND
Critical Crisis Infrastructure" IDP Tent
IDP Camp
> Evacuation Point
Population
Transportation
Number of harbors
Number of airports
Number of hospitals
Length of roads (km)
Length of railways (km)
Number of buildings
Consequences within the mapsheet Functional Flooded/Affected
0
0
0
76.9
13.0
1320
0
0
0
45.3
9.4
242
Building Building, Flooded
®v ®v
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Harbor
Airport
Harbor, Affected
Airport, Flooded
Railway Railway, Flooded
Hospital Hospital, Flooded
Administrative
Country Border
HydrologyWater Course
Simulated Inundation Extent
Motorway
Primary Route
Secondary & Local Route
Motorway, Flooded
Primary Route, Flooded
Secondary & Local Route, Flooded
Post disaster Situation Map
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The Copernicus Security Service is part of the Copernicus Programme, which is an EU Programme managed by the European Commission (EC) and implemented in partnership with the Member States, the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), the European Centre for medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), EU Agencies and Mercator Océan. The Programme is aimed at developing a set of European information services based on satellite Earth Observation and in-situ (non-space) data analyses.
Space
to safer maritime transport in remote areas.
Improved maritime surveillance through
complementary observations from space can
act as a deterrent to illegal actions and can
contribute to reducing the economic toll of
illegal activities and related accidents at sea,
while improving the planning of conventional
patrolling operations.
Several R&D and demonstration projects
paved the way for the definition of
Copernicus services in Maritime surveillance.
These include FP7 funded activities such
as the DOLPHIN, NEREIDS and SIMTISYS
projects, or the MARISS project funded by
ESA, which have contributed to engage the
maritime community in the usage of space-
derived data and related services.
The European Maritime Safety Agency
(EMSA) currently provides operational
maritime safety services and Copernicus
related services will have been operated by
the Agency fom as a natural extension of
their current capacities.
Border SurveillanceThe objective of this Service is to support
the European Union’s external border
surveillance system (EUROSUR), an initiative
based on an EU-level approach to reinforcing
Member States’ control across the Schengen
border. The objective is to help reduce
the number of incidents related to illegal
immigration (e.g. death at sea) by improving
the intelligence available to coast and border
guards as well as port authorities and law
enforcement agencies, also with the use of
satellite imagery.
Copernicus is working with FRONTEX to
reinforce its intelligence capacities based
also on spaceborne observations.
Border Surveillance services entered a pre-
operational phase in 2013 with the launch
of two FP7 projects: SAGRES, which focused
on the validation of the highly time-critical
EUROSUR components (vessel detection),
and LOBOS, which addressed the validation
of less time-critical components (monitoring
of ports, coasts and pre-frontier land areas).
Lessons learned from these projects drove
the definition of the operational services
through a Joint Operations concept, which
will involve close cooperation with Member
States’ National Coordination Centres but
also with EMSA (maritime surveillance) and
EUSC (land borders monitoring).
The system will be operated under the
aegis of Frontex as from mid-2015 and will
allow the seamless integration of satellite
observations into operational systems
run by FRONTEX and available to national
authorities through the EUROSUR network.
Users can find out more about the support provided to EU External Actions, Maritime Surveillance, Border Surveillance on the Copernicus websites: http://externalaction.security-copernicus.eu/ - http://maritimesurveillance.security-copernicus.eu/ - http://www.copernicus-sagres.eu/ - http://www.copernicus-lobos.eu/
Security Service
What is the Copernicus Security Service?
The Copernicus Security Service aims to support related
European Union policies, by providing information in
response to the security challenges Europe is facing,
namely improving crisis prevention, preparedness and
response capacities in the following key areas:
Support to EU External Actions;
Maritime surveillance;
Border surveillance.
Support to EU External ActionsEurope has a responsibility to promote stable
conditions for human and economic development,
human rights, democracy and fundamental freedoms.
In this context, it assists non-EU countries in situations
of crisis or emerging crisis, for instance by undertaking
peacekeeping operations or assessing risks for global
and trans-regional threats leading to destabilisation.
The Copernicus Security Service can provide rapid, on-
demand geospatial information for the detection and
monitoring of events or activities outside Europe that
may have implications in European and global security.
The information provided by the Service, which is
also based on space-derived data, will contribute to
improve situational awareness and, consequently,
European capacities in crisis prevention, preparedness
and response.
Services were tested and validated until early 2015
through two projects financed by the FP7 Research
Framework Programme: G-NEXT, providing pre-
operational services and G-SEXTANT, aimed at
bringing technology to a
level of maturity allowing
operational deployment.
Operat ional isat ion of
services will be done
throughout 2015, in close
coordination with the
European Union Satellite
Centre and the Emergency
Management Service ,
leading to a fully operational service by early 2016.
Maritime Surveillance The extension of the EU maritime domain and the
number of Member States with coastal or maritime
jurisdiction (23 out of 28) present a challenge to
surveillance operations. The challenge is significantly
increased when considering also EU economic activities
across global oceans, such as transport and fisheries.
Maritime surveillance services are designed to support
efforts to tackle piracy, drug trafficking, illegal fishing
activities or dumping of toxic waste, and to contribute
Geographic reference map
Geographic reference map
Situation awareness
Assessment map
Geographic reference map
Phot
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The Copernicus Climate Change Service
will also provide relevant information to EU
sectors including agriculture, forestry, health,
energy, water management and tourism.
How will the Copernicus Climate Change Service
be organised?The service is based on four pillars:
• A climate data store that contains the
geophysical information needed for
analysing the climate change indicators in a
consistent and harmonized manner;
• A sectoral information system providing
information tailored to the needs of the end
users and in particular those linked with
existing EU legislation;
• An evaluation and quality control of the
information set up in order to guarantee the
reliability of the service and the quality of
the delivered information;
• Outreach and dissemination activities
to deliver the information to the general
public and public authorities and fulfil an
educational task.
What is the added value of the Copernicus
Climate Change Service?The Copernicus Climate Change service will
provide the EU and its member states with
access to high quality information in order
to support the legislation in response to
adaptation and mitigation measures.
For the first time, Europe is setting up a
unique system to address climate change
issues and ensure the provision of relevant
information to EU citizens.
The Copernicus data policy promotes the
access, use and sharing of Copernicus
information and data on a full, free and
open basis.
Users can find out more about the Copernicus Climate Change Service on the Copernicus website: http://www.copernicus.eu/pages-principales/services/climate-change/
Climate Change Service
What is the Copernicus Climate Change Service?
The Copernicus Climate Change Service is designed to
respond to changes in the environment and society
associated with climate change.
The service will provide information for monitoring
and predicting climate change and help to support
adaptation and mitigation strategies. It will provide
access to several climate indicators (e.g. temperature
increase, sea level rise, ice sheet melting, ocean
warming) and climate indices (e.g. based on records
of temperature, precipitation, drought events) for both
the identified climate drivers and the expected climate
impacts.
The Copernicus Climate Change Service will enter
a pre-operational stage by the end of 2017. The
operational phase will start before the end of 2018.
This pre-operational phase is also supported by
The Copernicus Climate Change Service is part of the Copernicus Programme, which is an EU Programme managed by the European Commission (EC) and implemented in partnership with the Member States, the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), the European Centre for medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), EU Agencies and Mercator Océan. The Programme is aimed at developing a set of European information services based on satellite Earth Observation and in-situ (non-space) data analyses.
a series of projects funded by the EU research
framework programme related to climate modelling
and observation analyses.
Visit the climate change project page of the Copernicus
website for more information about this initiative:
http://www.copernicus.eu/main/climate-change
and http://www.ecmwf.int/en/about/what-we-do/
copernicus/copernicus-climate-change-service.
What does the Climate Change Service do?The Copernicus Climate Change Service will contribute
to the provision of Essential Climate Variables,
climate re-analyses, multi-model seasonal forecasts
and climate projections at temporal and spatial
scales relevant to
European Union sectoral
policies. It will deliver
climate data records to
monitor major climate
drivers (e.g. greenhouse
gases) and to document
climate fingerprints (e.g.
surface temperature and
precipitation).
Phot
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