Semiotic Analysis: Signs/Codes Images/signs Reader/viewer applies cultural codes...
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Transcript of Semiotic Analysis: Signs/Codes Images/signs Reader/viewer applies cultural codes...
![Page 1: Semiotic Analysis: Signs/Codes Images/signs Reader/viewer applies cultural codes Language/metaphors/dialogue/white space R/V applies genre/linguistics/discourses.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022072010/56649dca5503460f94ac1129/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Semiotic Analysis: Signs/Codes Images/signs
Reader/viewer applies cultural codes Language/metaphors/dialogue/white space
R/V applies genre/linguistics/discourses Language echoes/mimics discourse (Bahktin)
Genre/story features: symbolic meanings R/V applies conventions/rules R/V infers deliberate patterns/intended meaning
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Audience Analysis Who’s the intended or target audience:
Who is this text being written for? How am I being positioned by this text? What signs, markers, images, language,
social practices imply that audience? Do I accept or resist the way in which I
am being positioned?
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Positioning Subjective stance within a group Influence of discourses shaping language use
and roles Competing subject positions Adopting positions in terms of class, race, or
gender stances and practices Reaction to and resistance of categories
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Critical Discourse analysis Discourses--sources of social knowledge Discourses: ways of knowing/thinking; serves to
limit/restrain ways of talking Foucault (Stuart Hall): “madness”/hysteria Rules for talking/defining knowledge Subjects--represent discourse “mad” people Social practices for dealing with people
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Gender as Culturally Constructed Problems with binary categories based
on biological sex Study of historical/cultural aspects of
gender construction Wearing of lace as a masculine marker Matriarchy in Chinese myths
Gay/lesbian studies
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Discourse of Femininity Media construction of identity Beauty work: sense of inadequacy Membership in imaginary communities
of consumption “synthetic personalization”
Mass audience treated as an individual “you” “synthetic sisterhood”
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Discourse of class Focus on power and social/class hierarchy
Use of the “social ladder” chart Economic factors shaping characters
Ideological positioning of readers/audiences Advertising as indoctrination of consumerism
Analysis of language of catalogues Neiman Marcus Walter Drake Sharper Image
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Problems with Theories of Racism: Bonilla-Silva Psychological
focus on individual only as “racist”/”prejudiced” Ignores ideological aspects of racism Ignores institutional aspects
Neoconservative agendas: welfare/housing/poverty as an “individual” problem vs. government intervention
“Institutional racism” Everything is “racist”: simplistic Failure to challenge root causes of problem Binary categories: “black” vs. “white” Lack of coalition with progressive whites
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Problems with Theories of Racism: Bonilla-Silva Internal colonialism: white privilege
+ Challenges racism simply as prejudice + Racism as systematic and rational + Challenges notion of curing racism
through education vs. social mobilization Does not analyze how racism is
systematized or reproduced
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Racism as “Racialized Social Systems” Placement of people in social categories
Attaching meaning to groups Creation of hierarchies
Top group--economic, social, political power Conflict: maintain vs. challenge hierarchy Application of racial ideology to explain and
justify hierarchy “Blacks as lacking motivation to work”
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Racial Ideologies as “Interpretive Repertoires” Common frames
Fear of the other; Token inclusionism “Racetalk”
Avoid being seen as “racist”/Archer Bunker Storylines used to justify hierarchy
“the past is part”/”my friend lost out on a job” Categorizing: whiteness as normalizing
“White lives” isolated in schools/suburbs/peer group Whites as “racial tourists”-- “others defined by what
whiteness is not”
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“Color-Blind Racism” Collective understandings/representations Use of “racetalk” to avoid racist label
“Everyone is equal, but….” “I am not prejudice, but…”
Denial of structural nature of discrimination Criticism of government race-based programs
Use of storylines “I didn’t own slaves” “The past is past”
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Children’s Programs and Generational Values Baby Boomers
Diversity Equity of wealth Gender equality Open to “difference” Schooling as
important Concern for urban
blight Sesame Street
Under 18 Self-esteem Building relationships Specialization Acceptance of inequity of
wealth/segregation Schooling as side-show
Barney and His Friends/Blues Clues
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Discourse of business applied to education Standards that are “measurable” Need for “accountability” Value of “objective” numbers in
assessment Labeling of schools/students as “failing” Concern with “bottom-line investment” Need for more “productivity”
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“Implied Adolescents/teachers” Adolescence as “stress/strain” vs. capable of
inventiveness/agency Adopting on-line persona
Preservice teachers In course: imaginative play related to media
use/CD covers In school: need to be in control/wary of imaginative
play
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Postructuralist Criticism Challenge to structuralist/formalist notions of
language as a “prison-house” Language meaning a social construction Language categories are “slippery”/need to be
contested and challenged Readers’ stances as constructed through cultural
categories/codes
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Postmodernism Challenge to the “master narratives”/traditional
beliefs of modernism Contemporary fiction: DeLillo, Carver, Atwood Pulp Fiction, Mulholland Drive, Run Lola Run,Memento
Challenge to traditional forms of art, music, literature, architecture Wiseman Art Museum building Conceptual/pop art Atonal music MTV: combinations of images/music
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Postmodernism Baudrillard: hyperreality based on simulation of
reality Focus on the image/surface/parody of mass culture
Jeff Koons statues (Michael Jackson) All experience as mediated through
language/images Plurality/multiplicity of perspectives Self-reflexivity/ironic humor
Cindy Sherman photos Hypertextual fiction