Seminar Report on HVD by Gaurav Anand

8/10/2019 Seminar Report on HVD by Gaurav Anand

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Vlnb < ia 44

L Tbgcelr Zbpirt

Ie

MIKINZLVMCD QBZTLXCKB HCTD(MQH)

Tujgcttbh jy0

Nriup-DTB-<1

Hbbpbehrl Tcenm Tbenlr (6><12<66:8)Hcvyl Leleh (6><12<66:2)

NlnleVrbbt Tcenm Oimkc (6><12<66:>)Nlurlv Leleh (6><12<66:=)Nlurlv Tcenm (6><12<66:3)

Ce plrtclk aukackkgbet ia rbqucrbgbet ia tmb hbnrbb ia

Jldmbkir ia Xbdmeikiny (J.Xbdm)

CE

Digputbr Tdcbedb & Bencebbrcen.

Tujgcttbh Xi

Gcss. Lprel Xrcpltmc

Olepur Cestctutb Ia Xbdmeikiny,Olepur, CEHCLR.V. Xbdmecdlk Recvbrscty, Kudoeiw, CEHCL

@uky-Hbdbgjbr,:6<6



Vlnb : ia 44

Dbrtcacdltb

Ct cs dbrtcacbh tmlt tmcs cs l jielachb rbdirh ia sbgcelr betctkbh

‛MIKINZLVMCD QBZTLXCKB HCTD‗

Vrbsbetbh jy tmb aikkiwcen stuhbet0

<.) Hbbpbehrl Tcenm Tbenlr (6><12<66:8)

:.) Hcvyl Leleh (6><12<66:2)

4.)

Nlnle Vrbbt Tcenm Oimkc (6><12<66:>)8.) Nlurlv Leleh (6><12<66:=)

2.) Nlurlv Tcenm (6><12<66:3)

ia tmb Qkk sbgbstbr, Digputbr Tdcbedb & Bencebbrcen ce tmb yblr :6<6 ce plrtclk

aukackkgbet ia tmb rbqucrbgbets ce tmb lwlrh ia Hbnrbb ia Jldmbkir Ia Xbdmeikiny

ce Digputbr Tdcbedb & Bencebbrcen ia Nlutlg Juhml Xbdmecdlk Recvbrscty.

Gs.Lprel Xrcpltmc Vria./Grs. Tmujml @lce

(Lssct. Vriaa.) (M.I.H)Hbplrtgbet ia Digputbr Lppkcdltcie Hbplrtgbet ia digputbr

Tdcbedb & Benn. (VZI@BDX NRCHB)



Vlnb 4 ia 44

Ldoeiwkbhnbgbet

Gley pbipkb mlvb dietrcjutbh ti tmb suddbss ia tmcs. Lktmiunm l scenkb

sbetbedb mlrhky suaacdbs, ^b wiukh tmleo Lkgcnmty Nih air jkbsscen us wctm mcsnrldb. ^b bxtbeh iur scedbrb & mblrtabkt tmleos ti Grs. Tmujml @lce, Mblh ia

Hbplrtgbet, Digputbr Tdcbedb & Bencebbrcen, air privchcen us tmb rcnmt lgjcbedb

air dlrrycen iut tmcs wiro. ^b lrb priaiuehky cehbjtbh ti iur sbgcelr nuchb, Gcss

Lplrel Xrcpltmc, air ceeugbrljkb ldts ia tcgbky lhvcdb, bediurlnbgbet & wb

scedbrbky bxprbss iur nrltctuhb ti mbr.

^b bxprbss iur cggbesb pkblsurb & tmleoaukebss ti lkk tmb tbldmbrs & stlaa

ia tmb Hbplrtgbet ia Digputbr Tdcbedb & Bencebbrcen, air tmbcr diipbrltcie &

suppirt.Klst jut eit tmb kblst, ^b tmleo lkk itmbrs, & bspbdclkky iur dklssgltbs wmi

ce ieb wly ir leitmbr mbkpbh us ce tmb suddbssauk digpkbtcie ia tmcs wiro.

Xblg Gbgjbrs

<. Hbbpbehrl scenm Tbenlr:. Hcvyl Leleh4. Nlnle Vrbbt scenm Oimkc8. Nlurlv Leleh2. Nlurlv Tcenm



Vlnb 2 ia 44

XLJKB IA DIEXBEXT

Dmlptbr Ei. Xctkb Vlnb

< CEXZIHRDXCIE 3

<.< Jrbca mcstiry <6

<.: Kienbvcty <<

<.4 Ablturbs <<

: REHBZKSCEN XBDMEIKINS <:

:.< Mikinrlpmy <:

:.: Dikkceblr Mikinrlpmy <8

4

TXZRDXRZB <2

4.< MQH Ttrudturb <2

4.: MQH Zblhbr Vrititypb <1

8 HLXL TXIZLNB <>

8.< Zbdirhcen Hltl <>

8.: Zblhcen Hltl <3



Vlnb 1 ia 44

2 MLZH^LZB :<

2.< Tpltclk Kcnmt Gihukltir :<

1 XSVBT :4

1.< Zblh Ieky :4

1.: Zblh- ^rctb :4

> GIZB IEMQH :2

>.< Digpbtcen Xbdmeikincbs :2

>.: MQH Lhiptcie :2

>.4 MTH Airug :1

>.8 Ttlehlrhs :1

>.2 Ttirlnb Dlpldcty :1

>.1 MQH lt l Nkledb :>



Vlnb > ia 44

= DIGVLZCTIE :=

3 HBQBKIVGBEX CTTRBT :3

<6 DIEDKRTCIE 46

<< ZBABZBEDBT 4<

KCTX IA XLJKBT ccc

KCTX IA ACNRZBT ccc

KCTX IA XLJKBT

EI0 ELGB VLNB

< Ablturbs Digplrcsie :=



Vlnb = ia 44

KCTX IA ACNRZBT

EI0 ELGB VLNB

<. Cetbrabrbedb <:

:. Mikinrlpmy <4

4. Dikkceblr Mikinrlpmy <8

8. Arcenbs Vlttbre <8

2. Hcsd Ttrudturb <2

1. MQH Zblhbr Vrititypb <1

>. Zbdirhcen Hltl <=

=. Zblhcen Hltl :6

3. TKG :<

<6. Hltl Ttirlnb ::

<<. Bkbdtrie dkiuh :8

<:. MQH :>



Vlnb 3 ia 44

Mikinrlpmcd Qbrsltckb Hcsd

CEXZIHRDXCIE

Le MQH (Mikinrlpmcd Qbrsltckb Hcsd), l mikinrlpmcd stirlnb gbhcl, cs le lhvledbh

iptcdlk hcso tmlt's prbsbetky ce tmb hbvbkipgbet stlnb. Viklrich sdcbetcst @. vle Mbbrhbe

wls tmb acrst ti digb up wctm tmb chbl air mikinrlpmcd tmrbb-hcgbescielk stirlnb ce

<316. Le MQH wiukh jb l suddbssir ti tihly's Jku-rly leh MH-HQH tbdmeikincbs. Ct

dle trlesabr hltl lt tmb rltb ia < Ncnljct pbr sbdieh. Xmb tbdmeikiny pbrgcts ivbr <6

ockijcts ia hltl tijb wrcttbe leh rblh ce plrlkkbk wctm l scenkb aklsm. Xmb hcso wckk stirb

up-ti 4.3 tbrljytb (XJ) ia hltl ie l scenkb iptcdlk hcso.

Mikinrlpmcd hltl stirlnb, l pitbetclk ebxt nbebrltcie stirlnb tbdmeikiny, iaabrs jitm

mcnm stirlnb hbescty leh alst rblhiut rltb. Ce tmcs lrtcdkb, C hcsduss tmb pmyscdlk ircnce ia

tmbsb lttrldtcvb tbdmeikiny ablturbs, leh tmb digpiebets leh bencebbrcen rbqucrbh ti

rblkczb tmbg. Xmb strbentms leh wbloebssbs ia lvlckljkb wrctb-iedb leh rblh-wrctbljkb

stirlnb gbhcl lrb hcsdussbh, cedkuhcen tmb hbvbkipgbet cssubs ia ldmcbvcen eie-

vikltckb rblhiut arig rblh-wrctb gbhcl. Tystbgs cssubs sudm ls tmb gl`ir eicsb siurdbs

leh lvbeubs air hbabltcen ir acebsscen tmbg lrb hbtlckbh, cedkuhcen tmb pitbetclks leh

pctalkks ia pmlsb- die`unltb rblhiut leh mikinrlpmcd stirlnb ie spceecen gbhcl. C

diedkuhb jy hbsdrcjcen tmb durrbet stltb ia mikinrlpmcd stirlnb rbsblrdm leh

hbvbkipgbet baairts ce tmb dietbxt ia ienicen cgprivbgbets ti bstljkcsmbh stirlnb



Vlnb <6 ia 44

tbdmeikincbs.

k.k JZCBA MCTXIZS

Lktmiunm mikinrlpmy wls diedbcvbh ce tmb kltb <386s, ct wls eit dieschbrbh l

pitbetclk stirlnb tbdmeikiny uetck tmb hbvbkipgbet ia tmb klsbr ce tmb <316s. Xmb

rbsuktcen rlpch hbvbkipgbet ia mikinrlpmy air hcspklycen 4-H cglnbs kbh

rbsblrdmbrs ti rblkczb tmlt mikinrlgs diukh lksi stirb hltl lt l vikugbtrcd

hbescty ia ls gudm ls </ L4 wmbrb L, cs tmb wlvb-kbentm ia tmb kcnmt jblg usbh.Tcedb bldm hltl plnb cs rbtrcbvbh jy le lrrly ia pmiti hbtbdtirs ce plrlkkbk,

rltmbr tmle jct-jy-jct, tmb mikinrlpmcd sdmbgb prigcsbs alst rblhiut rltbs ls wbkk

ls mcnm hbescty. Ca l tmiusleh mikinrlgs, bldm dietlcecen l gckkcie pcxbks, diukh

jb rbtrcbvbh bvbry sbdieh, air cestledb, tmbe tmb iutput hltl rltb wiukh rbldm <

Ncnljct pbr sbdieh. Hbspctb tmcs lttrldtcvb pitbetclk leh alcrky cgprbsscvb blrky

prinrbss rbsblrdm ceti mikinrlpmcd hltl stirlnb hcbh iut ce tmb gch-<3>6s

jbdlusb suctljkb hbvcdbs air tmb ceput leh iutput ia klrnb pcxckltbh :-H hltl

plnbs wbrb `ust eit lvlckljkb.

Ce tmb blrky <336s, cetbrbst ce vikugb-mikinrlpmcd hltl stirlnb wls rbocehkbh jy

tmb lvlckljckcty ia hbvcdbs tmlt diukh hcspkly leh hbtbdt :-H plnbs, cedkuhcen

dmlrnb diupkbh hbvcdbs (DDH), digpkbgbetlry gbtlk-ixchb sbgcdiehudtir

(DGIT) hbtbdtir dmcps leh sglkk kcquch-drystlk plebks. Xmb wchb lvlckljckcty ia

tmbsb hbvcdbs wls glhb pisscjkb jy tmb diggbrdclk suddbss ia mleh-mbkh

dlgdirhbrs, hcnctlk dlgbrls, leh vchbi pri`bdtirs.

^ctm tmbsb digpiebets ce mleh, mikinrlpmcd-stirlnb rbsblrdmbrs mlvb jbnue ti

hbgiestrltb tmb pitbetclk ia tmbcr tbdmeikiny ce tmb kljirltiry. Jy uscen tmb



Vlnb << ia 44

vikugb ia tmb gbhcl, rbsblrdmbrs mlvb bxpbrcgbetlkky hbgiestrltbh tmlt hltl

dle jb stirbh lt bqucvlkbet lrblk hbesctcbs ia eblrky 866 jcts/sq. gcdrie. (Air

digplrcsie, l scenkb-klybr ia l HQH hcso stirbs hltl lt ~ 80> jcts/sq. gcdrie ) L

rblhiut rltb ia <6 Ncnljct pbr sbdieh mls lksi jbbe ldmcbvbh ce tmb kljirltiry.

<.: KIENBQCXS

Mikinrlpmcd hltl stirlnb dle privchb digplecbs l gbtmih ti prbsbrvb leh

lrdmcvb ceairgltcie. Xmb wrctb-iedb, rblh gley (^IZG) lpprildm ti hltlstirlnb wiukh besurb dietbet sbdurcty, prbvbetcen tmb ceairgltcie arig jbcen

ivbrwrcttbe ir gihcacbh. Gleualdturbrs jbkcbvb tmcs tbdmeikiny dle privchb slab

stirlnb air dietbet wctmiut hbnrlhltcie air girb tmle 26 yblrs, alr bxdbbhcen

durrbet hltl stirlnb iptcies. Diuetbrpicets ti tmcs dklcg picet iut tmb bvikutcie

ia hltl rblhbr tbdmeikiny dmlenbs bvbry tbe yblrs? tmbrbairb, jbcen ljkb ti stirb

hltl air 26-<66 yblrs wiukh eit glttbr ca yiu diukh eit rblh ir lddbss ct.

<.4 ABLXRZBT

Hltl trlesabr rltb 0 k njps.

Xmb tbdmeikiny pbrgcts ivbr <6 ockijcts ia hltl ti jb wrcttbe leh rblh ce

plrlkkbk wctm l scenkb aklsm.

Gist iptcdlk stirlnb hbvcdbs, sudm ls l stlehlrh DH slvbs ieb jct pbr

puksb. MQHs glelnb ti stirb 16,666 jcts pbr puksb ce tmb slgb pkldb.

< MQH 7 2=66 DHs 7 =46 HQH 7<16 JKR-ZLS Hcsds.



Vlnb <4 ia 44

(Acn :.< 0- iptcdlk cetbrabrbedb)

Xmb rbabrbedb jblg cs hbscnebh ti jb scgpkb ti rbprihudb lt l kltbr stlnb. (L diggie

rbabrbedb jblg cs l pkleb wlvb0 l kcnmt jblg tmlt priplnltbs wctmiut dievbrncen ir

hcvbrncen.) Xmbsb cetbrabrbedb arcenbs lrb rbdirhbh ca tmb twi jblgs mlvb jbbe

ivbrklppbh wctmce l suctljkb pmitisbesctcvb gbhcl, sudm ls l pmitipikygbr ir

ceirnlecd drystlk ir pmitinrlpmcd ackg. Xmb jrcnmt leh hlro vlrcltcies ia tmb

cetbrabrbedb plttbre drbltb dmbgcdlk leh/ir pmyscdlk dmlenbs ce tmb gbhcl, prbsbrvcen l

rbpkcdl ia tmb cetbrabrbedb plttbre ls l dmlenb ce ljsirptcie, rbarldtcvb cehbx ir

tmcdoebss.



Vlnb <8 ia 44

(Acn :.:0- cetbrabrbedb plttbre air rbdiestrudtcie ia ij`bdt jblg )

^mbe tmb rbdirhcen cs ckkugceltbh jy l rblhiut jblg scgcklr ti tmb ircncelk rbabrbedb

jblg, sigb ia tmb kcnmt cs hcaarldtbh ti "rbdiestrudt" l dipy ia tmb ij`bdt jblg ls

smiwe ce Acnurb :.:. Ca tmb ij`bdt jblg ircncelkky dlgb arig l 4-H ij`bdt, tmbe tmb

rbdiestrudtbh mikinrlg globs tmb 4-H ij`bdt rblppblr.

:.: DIKKCEBLZ MIKINZLVMS



Vlnb <2 ia 44

MQH usbs l tbdmeikiny dlkkbh 'dikkceblr mikinrlpmy,' ce wmcdm twi klsbr rlys, ieb

jkub- nrbbe leh ieb rbh, lrb dikkcgltbh ceti l scenkb jblg. Xmb rikb ia tmb jkub-nrbbe

klsbr cs ti rblh tmb hltl bedihbh ce tmb airg ia klsbr cetbrabrbedb arcenbs arig tmb

mikinrlpmcd klybr ie tmb tip, wmckb tmb rbh klsbr sbrvbs tmb purpisb ia l rbabrbedb jblg

leh lksi ti rblh tmb sbrvi ceai arig tmb lkugceug klybr - kcob ce eirglk DHs - eblr tmb

jittig ia tmb hcso. Xmb sbrvi ceai cs gblet ti giectir tmb diirhceltbs ia tmb rblh mblh

ljivb tmb hcso (tmcs cs scgcklr ti tmb trldo, mblh leh sbdtir ceairgltcie ie l eirglk

mlrh hcso hrcvb).

Acn :.4 smiws tmb twi klsbr dikkceblr mikinrlpmy tbdmecqub leh acn :.8 smiws tmb

cetbrabrbedb arcenbs plttbre stirbh ie tmb hcsd.

4. TXZRDXRZB

4.< MQH TXZRDXRZB

MQH strudturb cs smiwe ce acn 4.<. Xmb aikkiwcen digpiebets lrb usbh ce MQH.

<. Nrbbe wrctcen/rblhcen klsbr (24: eg)

:. Zbh pisctciecen/lhhrbsscen klsbr (126 eg)

4. Mikinrlg (hltl)



Vlnb <1 ia 44

8. Vikydlrjie klybr

2. Vmitipikygbrcd klybr (hltl-dietlcecen klybr)

1. Hcstledb klybrs

>. Hcdmricd klybr (rbakbdtcen nrbbe kcnmt)

=. Lkugcecug rbakbdtcvb klybr (rbakbdtcen rbh kcnmt)

3. Xrlesplrbet jlsb

V. VCX

(Ttrudturb Ia Mikinrlpmcd Qbrsltckb Hcsd)

4.: MQH ZBLHBZ VZIXIXSVB

Xi rblh hltl arig le MQH wb ebbh le MQH rblhbr. Xmb aikkiwcen digpiebets lrb

usbh ti glob l rblhbr.

L jkub-nrbbe lrnie klsbr, jblg spkcttbrs ti spckt tmb klsbr jblgs, gcrrirs ti hcrbdt tmb



Vlnb <> ia 44

klsbr jblgs, KDH plebks (spltclk kcnmt gihukltir), kbesbs ti aidus tmb klsbr jblgs,

kctmcug-ecijltb drystlks ir pmitipikygbrs, leh dmlrnb-diupkbh hbvcdb (DDH) dlgbrls.

Acn 4.: smiws tmb prititypb ia l rblhbr.

(Acn 4.: 0 prititypb ia rblhbr)

8. HLXL TXIZLNB

8.< ZBDIZHCEN HLXL

Mikinrlpmcd hltl stirlnb wiros ie tmb prcedcpkb ia mikinrlpmy. Ce mikinrlpmcd hltl

stirlnb le betcrb plnb ia ceairgltcie cs stirbh lt iedb ls le iptcdlk cetbrabrbedb plttbre



Vlnb <= ia 44

wctmce l tmcdo, pmitisbesctcvb iptcdlk gltbrclk (Acn 8.<). Xmcs cs hieb jy cetbrsbdtcen

twi dimbrbet klsbr jblgs wctmce tmb stirlnb gltbrclk. Xmb acrst, dlkkbh tmb ij`bdt jblg,

dietlces tmb ceairgltcie ti jb stirbh? tmb sbdieh, dlkkbh tmb rbabrbedb jblg, cs

hbscnebh ti jb scgpkb ti rbprihudb. Xmb rbsuktcen iptcdlk cetbrabrbedb plttbre dlusbs

dmbgcdlk leh/ir pmyscdlk dmlenbs ce tmb pmitisbesctcvb gbhcug. L rbpkcdl ia tmb

cetbrabrbedb plttbre cs stirbh ls l dmlenb ce tmb ljsirptcie, rbarldtcvb cehbx, ir

tmcdoebss ia tmb pmitisbesctcvb gbhcug. Ckkugceltcen tmb stirbh nrltcen wctm tmb

rbabrbedb wlvb rbdiestrudts tmb ij`bdt wlvb.

Kcnmt arig l scenkb klsbr jblg cs hcvchbh ceti twi sbplrltb jblgs, l rbabrbedb jblgleh le ij`bdt ir scnelk jblg? l spltclk kcnmt gihukltir cs usbh ti bedihb tmb ij`bdt

jblg wctm tmb hltl air stirlnb. Le iptcdlk ceabrbedb plttbre rbsukts arig tmb drisscen

ia tmb jblgs' pltms, drbltcen l dmbgcdlk leh/ir pmyscdlk dmlenb ce tmb pmitisbesctcvb

gbhcug? tmb rbsuktcen hltl cs rbprbsbetbh ce le iptcdlk plttbre ia hlro leh kcnmt pcxbks.

Jy lh`ustcen tmb rbabrbedb jblg lenkb, wlvbkbentm, ir gbhcl pisctcie, l guktctuhb ia

mikinrlgs (tmbirbtcdlkky, sbvbrlk tmiusleh) dle jb stirbh ie l scenkb vikugb. Xmb

tmbirbtcdlk kcgcts air tmb stirlnb hbescty ia tmcs tbdmecqub lrb lpprixcgltbky tbes ia

tbrljcts (< tbrljytb 7<,666 ncnljytbs) pbr dujcd dbetcgbtbr.



Vlnb <3 ia 44

(Acn 8.<0-Zbdirhcen Hltl)



Vlnb :6 ia 44

8.: ZBLHCEN HLXL

L jldowlrh-priplnltcen rbabrbedb wlvb, ckkugceltcen tmb stirbh nrltcen arig tmb

"jldo" schb, rbdiestrudts le ij`bdt wlvb tmlt lksi priplnltbs jldowlrh tiwlrh cts

ircncelk siurdb wmbrb tmb jct vlkub dle jb rblh.

L klrnb eugjbr ia tmbsb cetbrabrbedb nrltcens ir plttbres dle jb supbrcgpisbh ce tmb

slgb tmcdo pcbdb ia gbhcl leh dle jb lddbssbh cehbpbehbetky, ls kien ls tmby lrb

hcstcenucsmljkb jy tmb hcrbdtcie ir tmb spldcen ia tmb nrltcens. Tudm sbplrltcie dle jb

lddigpkcsmbh jy dmlencen tmb lenkb jbtwbbe tmb ij`bdt leh rbabrbedb wlvb ir jydmlencen tmb klsbr wlvbkbentm. Ley plrtcduklr hltl plnb dle tmbe jb rblh iut

cehbpbehbetky jy ckkugceltcen tmb stirbh nrltcens wctm tmb rbabrbedb wlvb tmlt wls

usbh ti stirb tmlt plnb. Jbdlusb ia tmb tmcdoebss ia tmb mikinrlg, tmcs rbabrbedb wlvb

cs hcaarldtbh jy tmb cetbrabrbedb plttbres ce sudm l alsmcie tmlt ieky tmb hbscrbh ij`bdt

jblg cs scnecacdletky rbdiestrudtbh leh cglnbh ie le bkbdtriecd dlgbrl.

Leitmbr wly ti rbtrcbvb hltl cevikvbs ckkugceltcen ct wctm l hcvbrncen ij`bdt jblg,

wmcdm rbdiestrudts tmb ircncelk pkleb wlvb rbabrbedb jblg. Xmcs jblg dle jb aidusbh

ieti l hbtbdtir leh privchbs le iptcdlk gblsurbgbet ia tmb dirrbkltcie jbtwbbe tmb

stirbh hltl leh tmb ckkugceltcen ij`bdt jblg. Xmcs tbdmecqub dle lkkiw ieb ti sblrdm

tmb stirbh hltl lddirhcen ti cts dietbet, rltmbr tmle lddirhcen ti cts

lhhrbss (Acn 8.:).



Vlnb :< ia 44

(Acn 8.:0-Zblhcen Hltl)



Vlnb :: ia 44

2. MLZH^LZB

2.<

TVLXCLK KCNMX GIHRKLXIZ

Xi usb vikugb mikinrlpmy ls l stirlnb tbdmeikiny, hcnctlk hltl gust jb cgprcetbh ieti

tmb ij`bdt jblg air rbdirhcen leh tmbe rbtrcbvbh arig tmb rbdiestrudtbh ij`bdt jblg

hurcen rblhiut. Xmb hbvcdb air puttcen hltl ceti tmb systbg cs dlkkbh l spltclk kcnmt

gihukltir (TKG) - l pklelr lrrly diescstcen ia tmiuslehs ia pcxbks.

Bldm pcxbk cs le cehbpbehbet gcdrisdipcd smuttbr tmlt dle bctmbr jkido ir plss kcnmt

uscen kcquch-drystlk ir gcdri-gcrrir tbdmeikiny. Kcquch drystlk plebks leh gcdri-gcrrir lrrlys wctm <:=6 ] <6:8 pcxbks lrb diggbrdclkky lvlckljkb hub ti tmb suddbss

ia digputbr-hrcvbe pri`bdtcie hcspklys. Xmb pcxbks ce jitm typbs ia hbvcdbs dle jb

rbarbsmbh ivbr <666 tcgbs pbr sbdieh, lkkiwcen tmb mikinrlpmcd stirlnb systbg ti

rbldm le ceput hltl rltb ia < Njct pbr sbdieh - lssugcen tmlt klsbr piwbr leh gltbrclk

sbesctcvctcbs wiukh pbrgct. Xmb hltl lrb rblh uscen le lrrly ia hbtbdtir pcxbks, sudm ls l

DDH dlgbrl ir DGIT sbesir lrrly.

(Acn 2.<0-Tpltclk Kcnmt Gihukltir)



Vlnb :4 ia 44

Xi lddbss mikinrlpmcdlkky-stirbh hltl, tmb dirrbdt rbabrbedb jblg gust acrst jb

hcrbdtbh ti tmb lppriprcltb spit wctmce tmb stirlnb gbhcl. ^ctm gbdmlecdlk lddbss (c.b.,

l spceecen hcso), nbttcen ti tmb rcnmt spit cs skiw (kien kltbedy), jut rblhcen hltl iut

dle jb qucdo. Eie - gbdmlecdlk lddbss kblhs ti pisscjckcty air kiwbr kltbedy. L

arbqubetky gbetciebh nilk cs le cetbnrltcie tcgb ia ljiut < gckkcsbdieh, wmcdm cgpkcbs

tmlt <666 plnbs ia hltl dle jb rbtrcbvbh pbr sbdieh. Ca tmbrb lrb < gckkcie pcxbks pbr

hltl plnb leh bldm pcxbk stirbs ieb jct tmbe tmb rblhiut rltb cs < Ncnljct pbr sbdieh.

Xmcs nilk rbqucrbs mcnm klsbr piwbr (lt kblst < ^), l stirlnb gltbrclk dlpljkb ia mcnm

hcaarldtcie baacdcbedcbs, leh l hbtbdtir wctm l gckkcie pcxbks tmlt dle jb rblh iut lt mcnmarlgb rltbs. Arlgb rltbs ia < oMz mlvb jbbe hbgiestrltbh ce sudm "gbnlpcxbk" DDHs,

jut tmbsb lrb eit ybt diggbrdclkky lvlckljkb. Kiw-eicsb gbnlpcxbk DGIT hbtbdtir

lrrlys tmlt dle suppirt 266 arlgbs pbr sbdieh mlvb lksi jbbe hbgiestrltbh. Bvbe wctm

tmbsb rbqucrbgbets, alstbr rblhiut leh kiwbr kltbedy diukh jb rbldmbh jy stbbrcen tmb

rbabrbedb jblg lenkb eie- gbdmlecdlkky, jy uscen l puksbh klsbr, leh jy bkbdtriecdlkky

rblhcen ieky tmb hbscrbh pirtcie ia tmb hbtbdtir lrrly. Jitm tmb dlpldcty leh tmb

rblhiut rltb lrb glxcgczbh wmbe bldm hbtbdtir pcxbk cs gltdmbh ti l scenkb pcxbk ie

tmb TKG, jut air klrnb pcxbk lrrlys tmcs rbqucrbs dlrbauk iptcdlk hbscne leh lkcnegbet.



Vlnb :8 ia 44

(Acn-2.:0-Hltl Ttirlnb)

1. XSVBT

1.< ZBLH IEKS

L gltbrclk tmlt pbrglebetky stirbs vikugb mikinrlgs gust nbebrlkky suppirt sigb

crrbvbrscjkb pmitidmbgcdlk rbldtcie, trcnnbrbh jy tmb jrcnmt rbncies ia tmb iptcdlk

cetbrabrbedb plttbre, tmlt dle kblh ti dmlenbs ce cehbx ia rbarldtcie ir ljsirptcie. Air

bxlgpkb, l pmitipikygbr gltbrclk pikygbrczbs ce rbspiesb ti iptcdlk ckkugceltcie0

gltbrclk hcaausbs arig hlrobr ti jrcnmtbr rbncies si tmlt smirt gieigbr dmlces dle

jceh tinbtmbr ti airg kien gikbduklr dmlces. Jbdlusb tmcs hcaauscie pridbss dle jb

pmiti trcnnbrbh, sbesctcvctcbs dle jb glhb mcnm beiunm ti suppirt mikinrlpmcd

rbdirhcen wctm scenkb smirt puksbs. Miwbvbr, tmb mcnm sbesctcvcty gbles tmlt sigb ia

tmb gbhcl vikugb gly jb celhvbrtbetky laabdtbh jy plrtclk bxpisurb ls eblrjy spits

lrb rbdirhbh. Ce dietrlst ti pmitipikygbrs, tmb ckkugceltbh gikbdukbs ce l si-dlkkbhhcrbdt-wrctb ir pmitidmrigltcd gltbrclk uehbrni l kidlk dmlenb ce tmbcr ljsirptcie ir

cehbx ia rbarldtcie, hrcvbe jy pmitidmbgcstry ir pmiti-cehudbh gikbduklr

rbdieacnurltcie. Bxlgpkbs cedkuhb pmitilhhrbssljkb pikygbrs, leh jcehcen ia

ljsirjbrs ti pikygbr mists. Jitm typbs ia gltbrclks lrb cebxpbescvb ti glob ce juko,

jut jitm dle mlvb prijkbgs rbprihudcen tmb ij`bdt jblg alctmaukky.

1.: ZBLH-^ZCXB

Ce dietrlst ti tmb irnlecd ^IZG gbhcl, gist brlsljkb mikinrlpmcd gltbrclks tbeh ti

jb ceirnlecd pmitirbarldtcvb drystlks hipbh wctm trlesctcie gbtlks ir rlrb-blrtm cies.



Vlnb :2 ia 44

Xmbsb gltbrclks rbldt ti le iptcdlk cetbrabrbedb plttbre jy trlespirtcen leh trlppcen

bkbdtries.

Ce le besbgjkb sbesb, bkbdtries pmitibxdctbh lt tmb jrcnmt arcenbs hcaausb ir hrcat

(lrb pusmbh jy le bkbdtrcd acbkh) leh lrb rbtrlppbh lt l hlro arcenb. Jy uscen eiedbetri

syggbtrcd drystlks bxmcjctcen l kceblr bkbdtri-iptcd baabdt, tmb rbsuktcen spltclk

gihukltcie ia bkbdtrcd acbkh kblhs ti l dirrbspiehcen kidlk dmlenb ce cehbx ia

rbarldtcie. Xmb trlppbh dmlrnb dle jb rblrrlenbh jy kltbr ckkugceltcie, si ct cs pisscjkb

ti brlsb rbdirhbh mikinrlgs leh rbpkldb tmbg wctm ebw iebs. Xmcs wiukh sbbg ti

beljkb l rblh-wrctb stirlnb hbvcdb, wmbrb sglkk jkidos ia hltl lrb wrcttbe, rblh, leh

brlsbh wctm bqulk aldckcty. Miwbvbr, tmb rbdirhcen rltbs ia pmitirbarldtcvb gltbrclkslrb typcdlkky 2-26 tcgbs skiwbr tmle tmb ldmcbvljkb rblhiut rltb lt ley ncvbe klsbr

piwbr. Ce lhhctcie, brlscen cehcvchulk mikinrlgs arig l sglkk stirlnb vikugb wctmiut

laabdtcen tmb itmbr supbrcgpisbh mikinrlgs cs quctb digpkcdltbh.

Acn 1.< smiws spltclk rb-dieacnurltcie ia bkitriecd dkiuh ,tmus prihudcen gihukltcie ce

bkbdtrcd acbkhs.



Vlnb :1 ia 44

(Acn 1.<0- Tpltclk Zb-Dieacnurltcie ia Bkitriecd dkiuh)

>. GIZB IE MQH

>.< DIGVBXCEN XBDMEIKINCBT

MQH cs eit tmb ieky tbdmeikiny ce mcnm-dlpldcty, iptcdlk stirlnb gbhcl. CeVmlsb

Xbdmeikincbs cs hbvbkipcen l rcvlk mikinrlpmcd airglt dlkkbh Xlpbstry Gbhcl, wmcdm

tmby dklcg wckk bvbetulkky stirb <.1 XJ wctm l hltl trlesabr rltb ia <:6 GJ/s, leh

sbvbrlk digplecbs lrb hbvbkipcen XJ-kbvbk hcsds jlsbh ie 4H iptcdlk hltl stirlnb

tbdmeikiny. Tudm klrnb iptcdlk stirlnb dlpldctcbs digpbtb alvirljky wctm tmb Jku-rly

Hcsd airglt. Miwbvbr, mikinrlpmcd hrcvbs lrb pri`bdtbh ti cectclkky dist lriueh

RT$<2,666, leh l scenkb hcsd lriueh RT$<:6-<=6, lktmiunm prcdbs lrb bxpbdtbh ti alkk

stblhcky. Xmb glrobt air tmcs airglt cs eit cectclkky tmb diggie diesugbr, jut



Vlnb :> ia 44

betbrprcsbs wctm vbry klrnb stirlnb ebbhs.

>.: MQH LHIVXCIE

Xmb jcnnbst dmlkkbenb air MQH wckk jb ce bstljkcsmcen ctsbka ce tmb diggbrdclk glrobt,

wmcdm ls ia eiw sbbgs ti jb l hcstlet hrblg, ncvbe cts mcnmbr dist glrnces. Ct cs

letcdcpltbh tmlt l scenkb MQH, wmbe diggbrdclkky lvlckljkb, gly dist leywmbrb

jbtwbbe $<66-<:6 , leh tmb rblhbr wckk jb prcdbh leywmbrb ce tmb rlenb ia $<6,666 ti

$<2,666. Miwbvbr, kcob leytmcen bksb lssidcltbh wctm tbdmeikiny, tmb prcdb wckk siie

alkk ls Z&HH dists lrb rbdiupbh leh digpbtctcies kiwbrs priact glrnces.

>.4 XMB MTH AIZRG

Xmb MTH Airug (airgbrky tmb MQH Lkkcledb & MQH AIZRG) cs l dilkctcie ia

dirpirltcies purpisbh ti privchb le cehustry airug air tbstcen leh tbdmecdlk

hcsdusscie ia lkk lspbdts ia MQH hbscne leh gleualdturcen. Jy diipbrltcen, gbgjbrs

ia tmb Airug mipb ti bxpbhctb hbvbkipgbet leh benbehbr l glrobt rbdbptcvb ti MQH

tbdmeikiny.

>.8 TXLEHLZHT

Ie Hbdbgjbr 3,:668 lt cts ==tm Nbebrlk Lssbgjky tmb stlehlrhs jihy Bdgl

Cetbreltcielk drbltbh Xbdmecdlk Diggcttbb 88, hbhcdltbh ti stlehlrhczcen MQH



Vlnb := ia 44

airglts jlsbh ie Iptwlrb's tbdmeikiny. Ie @ueb <<, :66>, XD88 pujkcsmbh tmb acrst

twi MQH stlehlrhs0 BDGL-4>>, hbacecen l :66 NJ MQH "rbdirhljkb dlrtrchnb" leh

BDGL-4>=, hbacecen l <66 NJ MQH-ZIG hcsd. Cts ebxt stltbh nilks lrb 46 NJ MQH

dlrhs leh sujgcsscie ia tmbsb stlehlrhs ti tmb Cetbreltcielk Irnleczltcie air

Ttlehlrhczltcie air CTI lpprivlk.

>.2 TXIZLNB DLVLDCXS CE DIEXB]X

Xmb betcrb RT Kcjrlry ia Dienrbss dle jb stirbh ie scx MQHs, lssugcen tmlt

bvbry jiio mls jbbe sdleebh ce tmb tbxt airglt. Xmb Kcjrlry ia Dienrbss cs tmbklrnbst ce tmb wirkh leh dietlces ivbr <46 gckkcie ctbgs.

Xmb pcdturbs ia bvbry klehglss ie Blrtm - kcob tmb iebs smiwe ce Niinkb Blrtm -

dle jb stirbh ie twi MQHs.

^ctm GVBN8 LTV bedihcen, l 4.3 XJ MQH dle mikh leywmbrb jbtwbbe 8,166-

<<,366 miurs ia vchbi, wmcdm cs beiunm air eie-stip pklycen air l yblr.

>.1 MQHLX L NKLEDB



Vlnb :3 ia 44

(Acn >.<0-Qcbw Ia MQH)

Gbhcl typb0 Rktrl-mcnm hbescty iptcdlk hcsd

Bedihcen 0 GVBN-:, GVBN-8 LQD (M.:18), leh QD-<

Dlpldcty 0 Xmbirbtcdlkky up ti 4.3 XJ

Hbvbkipbh 0 Jy MTH Airug

Rslnb 0 Hltl stirlnb, Mcnm-hbacectcie vchbi, & tmb pisscjckcty ia uktrl

mcnm hbacectcie vchbi.

=. DIGVLZCTIE



Vlnb 46 ia 44

(Acn =.<0- Digplrcscie Xljkb)

3. GIZB HBQBKIVGBEX CTTRBT



Vlnb 4< ia 44

Hbspctb tmb mcnmky lttrldtcvb elturb ia 4H iptcdlk hltl stirlnb, tmb hbvbkipgbet ia

diggbrdclk prihudts mls tlobe l scnecacdlet kbentm ia tcgb. Xmcs cs tmb rbsukt ia tmb

kcgctbh aceledclk jldocen tmlt 4H iptcdlk stirlnb vbeturbs mlvb rbdbcvbh, ls wbkk ls

tbdmecdlk cssubs cedkuhcen0

Hbstrudtcvb rblhcen0 Tcedb jitm tmb rblhcen leh tmb wrctcen ia hltl lrb

dlrrcbh iut wctm klsbr jblgs, tmbrb cs l pitbetclk air tmb rblhcen pridbss ti dlusb

l sglkk lgiuet ia wrctcen. Ce tmcs dlsb, tmb rbpbltbh rblhcen ia hltl gly

bvbetulkky sbrvb ti brlsb ct (tmcs lksi mlppbes ce pmlsb dmlenb gltbrclks usbh ce

sigb HQHs). Xmcs cssub mls jbbe lhhrbssbh jy gley lpprildmbs, sudm ls tmbusb ia hcaabrbet ljsirptcie jlehs air bldm pridbss (rblhcen leh wrctcen), ir tmb

usb ia l rblhcen gbtmih tmlt hibs eit cevikvb tmb ljsirptcie ia bebrny.

Xmbrgihyelgcd stljckcty0 Gley dmbgcdlk rbldtcies tmlt lppblr eit ti tlob

pkldb ce aldt mlppbe vbry skiwky. Ce lhhctcie, gley rbldtcies tmlt lppblr ti mlvb

mlppbebh dle skiwky rbvbrsb tmbgsbkvbs. Tcedb gist 4H gbhcl lrb jlsbh ie

dmbgcdlk rbldtcies, tmbrb cs tmbrbairb l rcso tmlt bctmbr tmb uewrcttbe picets wckk

skiwky jbdigb wrcttbe ir tmlt tmb wrcttbe picets wckk skiwky rbvbrt ti jbcen

uewrcttbe. Xmcs cssub cs plrtcduklrky sbrcius air tmb spcripyrles, jut bxtbescvb

rbsblrdm wls diehudtbh ti aceh girb stljkb dmrigipmirbs air 4H gbgircbs.

Gbhcl sbesctcvcty0 Ls wb mlvb eitbh, :-pmitie ljsirptcie cs l wblo

pmbeigbeie, leh tmbrbairb mcnm piwbr klsbrs lrb usulkky rbqucrbh ti prihudb ct.

<6. DIEDKRTCIE



Vlnb 4: ia 44

Xmb Ceairgltcie Lnb mls kbh ti le bxpkiscie ia ceairgltcie lvlckljkb ti usbrs. ^mckb

durrbet stirlnb ebbhs lrb jbcen gbt, stirlnb tbdmeikincbs gust dietceub ti cgprivb ce

irhbr ti obbp pldb wctm tmb rlpchky cedrblscen hbgleh. Miwbvbr, dievbetcielk hltl

stirlnb tbdmeikincbs, wmbrb cehcvchulk jcts lrb stirbh ls hcstcedt glnebtcd ir iptcdlk

dmlenbs ie tmb suraldb ia l rbdirhcen gbhcug, lrb lpprildmcen pmyscdlk kcgcts. Ttircen

ceairgltcie tmriunmiut tmb vikugb ia l gbhcug eit `ust ie cts suraldb iaabrs le

cetrcnucen mcnm-dlpldcty lktbreltcvb. Mikinrlpmcd hltl stirlnb cs l vikugbtrcd lpprildm

wmcdm, lktmiunm diedbcvbh hbdlhbs lni, mls glhb rbdbet prinrbss tiwlrh prldtcdlkcty

wctm tmb lppblrledb ia kiwbr-dist beljkcen tbdmeikincbs, scnecacdlet rbsukts arig

kienstlehcen rbsblrdm baairts, leh prinrbss ce mikinrlpmcd rbdirhcen gltbrclks.

MQH ncvbs l prldtcdlk wly ti bxpkict tmb mikinrlpmy tbdmeikincbs ti stirb hltl upti

4.3 tbrljytbs ie l scenkb hcsd. Ct dle trlesabr hltl lt tmb rltb ia < Ncnljct pbr sbdieh.

Xmb tbdmeikiny pbrgcts ivbr <6 ockijcts ia hltl tijb wrcttbe leh rblh ce plrlkkbk wctm l

scenkb aklsm. Ti le MQH wiukh jb l suddbssir ti tihly's Jku-rly leh MH-HQH

tbdmeikincbs.

ZBABZBEDBT



mttp0//www.cjg.dig - CJG Zbsblrdm Vrbss Zbsiurdbs Mikinrlpmcd

Ttirlnb.

mttp0//www.miwstuaawiros.dig

mttp0//www.mvh-airug.irn

mttp0//www.iptwlrb.di.`p/benkcsm/wmltY686=:4 .mtg

mttp0//ebwsnriups.hbrobckbr.dig/pha/Lrdm....hvh/:662-

63Lesn668=>.pha

mttp0//www.pha-sblrdm-benceb.dig/dikkceb...y-pha.mtgk

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Seminar Report on HVD by Gaurav Anand

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