SEMINAR ON SWINE FLU

SUBMITTED BYMONOWAR HOSSAIN MOLLAHB.PHARM 6TH SEMESTER GUIDED BYDR.DAMIKI LALOO

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION EPIDEMIOLOGY SIGN & SYMPTOMS TRANSMISSION COMPLICATION DIAGNOSIS PREVENTION TREATMENT CONCLUSION REFERENCES

INTRODUCTION

It is an infection caused by any one of several types of swine influenza viruses.

SIV strains include influenza C and the subtypes of influenza A known as H1N1, H1N2, H2N1, H3N1, H3N2 and H2N3 

Swine influenza virus is common throughout pig populations worldwide

People with regular exposure to pigs are at increased risk of swine flu infection

Swine flu viruses may mutate (change) so that they are easily transmissible among humans.

Vaccination is the best way to prevent or reduce the chances of becoming infected with influenza viruses.

The most serious complication of the flu is pneumonia.

Epidomiology

Swine influenza virus was first isolated from pigs in 1919 and from human in 1974.

In 2009 swine flu outbreak (pandemic) was due to infection with the H1N1 virus and was first observed in Mexico.

In June 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) raised its pandemic alert level to the highest level, phase 6.

India confirmed its first case on 16 May,2009 According to the data released by the Health Ministry of India,33,761

had been infected and 2,035 person had died.

Electron microscope image of the reassortedH1N1 influenza virus photographed at the CDC Influenza Laboratory. The viruses are 80–120 nm in diameter.

SIGN & SYMPTOMS

TRANSMISSION

Swine influenza caused slightly more infections than would be normal for an influenza season

Coughing Sneezing Touching something with flu viruses to your mouth or

nose People who work with poultry and swine, especially those

with intense exposures

COMPLICATION

Exacerbation of underlying chronic medical conditions Upper respiratory tract disease - sinusitis, otitis media, croup Lower respiratory tract disease - pneumonia, bronchiolitis, status

asthmaticus Cardiac - myocarditis, pericarditis Neurologic - acute and post-infectious encephalopathy encephalitis Toxic shock syndrome Neurologic complications with seizures Higher Risk Groups for Severe H1N1 Illness

Effects on pregnancy:The major adverse effect of H1N1 is attributed to hyperthermia during the pregnancy . the risk of neural tube defects and other adverse including neonatal seizures, encephalopathy, cerebral palsy, and neonatal death. This might be treated with the use of antipyretic medications like Acetaminophen and/or multivitamins containing folic acid. 

DIAGNOSIS

Laboratory Test - Viral culture Presence of Virus confirmed by - ELISA(4 fold rise) - RT-PCR Rapid antigen test(distinguish between influenza A and

B)

PREVENTION

Avoid close contact Stay home when you are sick Cover the mouth and nose Clean your hands Avoid touching your eyes nose or mouth

TREATMENT

1.Symptomatic treatment : Stay at home Get plenty of rest Drink a lot of liquids Do not smoke or drink alcohol Consider over-the-counter medications to relieve flu symptoms Consult a physician early on for best possible treatment

2) OTC medication : Analgesic,antihistaminic,cough suppressant3) Antiviral drugs : Antiviral drugs directly target the viruses responsible for

influenza infections.

CLASSM2 inhibitor

Neuraminidase inhibitors

EFFECTIVE AGAINSTInfluenza A

Influenza A & B

DRUG NAME amantadine, rimantadine

 zanamivir, and oseltamivir

CONCLUSION

Swine flu is very rapidly spreading disease People have to take prophylaxis action like vaccination , safe

from contamination etc.. The person suffering from this flu ensure him or her will be cure

very soon Proper medication should be taken

REFERENCES

www.cdc.gov/flu/swineflu www.mayoclinic.org/swineflu wikipedia.org Indian journals of community medicine

THANK YOU