Seminar on 2 Nd December 2009

8/14/2019 Seminar on 2 Nd December 2009

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OLOGRAPHY

Seminar on 2eminar on 2 ndd December 2009December 2009


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Topics Discussed...1.INTRODUCTION

2.Hologram & Holography

3.History of holography

4.Photography vs Holography

5.HOLOGRAM- Recording & Reading

6.Usages

7.Types of hologram

8.Holographic Memory

9.Holographic Versatile Discs (HVD)

10.Applications

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Hologram & Holography

A hologram is a flat surface that,under proper illumination, appearsto contain a three-dimensional

image.

Holography is the Nobel award-

winning science

The hologram presents a true threedimensional recreation of theoriginal object.


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History of holography

Invented in 1948 by Dennis Gabor for use

,in electron microscopy before the

invention of the laser

( )Leith and Upatnieks 1962 applied laser

light to holography and introduced an-important off axis technique


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Conventional vs. Holographic

photography

:C o n v e n tio n a l

- -2 d version of a 3 d scene Photograph lacks depth perception Film sensitive only to radiant energy ( . . )Phase relation i e interference are lost


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Conventional vs. Holographicphotography

:H o lo g ra m Freezes the intricate wavefront of light that

carries all the visual information of thescene ,To view a hologram the wavefront is

reconstructed

View what we would have seen if present at the

original scene through the window defined bythe hologram Provides depth perception


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HOLOGRAM

Recording:Two laser beams used (Signal and

Reference)

Data encoded on signal beam via SpatialLight Modulator

Second beam interfaces with reference beamthrough the volume of photosensitiverecording medium


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Reading: Reference beam used to diffract off recorded

gratings reconstructing stored array


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Areas of HolographicApplications Security

Entertainment

Packaging (Consumer Goods Brand Protection) Gifts

Tax Stamp

Labels & Tapes


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Areas of HolographicApplications Decoration

Art and Interactive Graphics

Architecture Sports Events


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Medical Applications

Holographic TechniquesX-Ray Holography

Endoscopic HolographyInternal Hologram Recording EndoscopeExternal Hologram recording EndoscopeMultiplexed Holography For Medical TomographyHolography in OphthalmologyDiffractive Bifocal Intraocular LensHolography in Dentistry

Holography in OtologyStudy of Tympanic Membranes

Holography in Orthopedics


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TransmissionTransmission :hologram reference and object wavestraverse the film from the samesameside

ReflectionReflection :hologram reference and object wavestraverse the emulsion from oppositeoppositesides

Hologram Reflection vs. Transmission

View inTransmission

View in

reflection


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3.4 Embossed Holograms

idely used in most security.pplications


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3.5 Integral Hologram

Made from a series of photographs of an object.These are usually transparencies.


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3.6 Rainbow Holograms

Very practical holograms Displaying three-dimensional images

Images are reconstructed by white light.


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Computer GeneratedHolograms

Holograms produced with the help ofcomputer

Used for developing 2D and 3D

holograms.


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Multiplex Hologram

Depicting the holographic storage ofphotographic information.

Produced by combining a large number of

photographs in a holographic manner.


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-Holographic Storage Background

Holographic Imaging discovered in 1947by Hungarian Physicist

Original Theory was to improve electron

microscopes ,Holographic images on toys credit

, , , .cards magazine covers art etc


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OLOGRAPHIC MEMORY ( )to rin g 1 te ra b yte T B d a ta in a- - .u g a r cu b e size d cry sta l ,a ta fro m m o re th a n 1 0 0 0 C D s

o u ld fit o n a h o lo g ra p h ic.e m o ry sy ste m recording multiple images in the

same area utilizing light atdifferent angles

capable of recording and readingmillions of bits in parallel

: /a ta tra n sfe r ra te 1 G B se c


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H olog rap h ic D ata S torag e

uses three-dimensional holographic imagesto enable more information to be stored in

a much smaller space.

holography records and reads over a million

bits of data with a single flash of light.

High storage densities and fast transferrates, combined with durable, reliable, low

cost media

50 hours of high definition video on a singledisk, 50,000 songs on a postage stamp, or500,000 x-rays on a credit card.Holographic storage makes it all possible.


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Storage Trends:

- ,T h e fu tu re is sto ra g e ce n tric sto re dd a ta is th e h e a rt o f a m o d e rn

.netw ork

B y 2 0 1 4 th e av e rag e U S h ou se h oldw illh a ve a b o u t 1 2 Te ra b yte s o f

co n te n t sto re d

,U p to 1 600 Terabytes m ay be

re q u ire d fo r a co m p le te d ig ita lm o vie p ro d u ctio n a t 4 K re so lu tio n

B y 2 0 1 5 p e rso n a lco n te n t w illg re a tly

ex cee d com m e rcia lco n te n t a n d


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Holographic Versatile Discs (HVD)

What is next?

,7 GB GB 30~ 0 GB
http://www.touch-dvd.com/home.htmhttp://www.akdesign.no/goodies/cd_logo_black.jpg


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Holographic Versatile Discs (HVD)

fe w h u n d re d m o vie s o n a n o p ticald isc? T h a t's th e g o a lo f th e

( )H o lo g ra p h ic V e rsa tile D isc H V D

( )1TB of data onto a single optical

-d isc H a lf o f th e ca p a city w o u ld b ee n o u g h to re co rd six ch a n n e ls of T V

fo r five a n d a h a lf d a ys -non stop

H V D d isc cou ld h o ld a s m u ch d a ta a s2 0 0 sta n d a rd D V D s

Tra n sfe r d a ta a t o v e r 1 g ig a b it p e r

,se co n d o r 4 0 tim e s fa ste r th a n a
http://news.cnet.com/Sonys-home-server-stores-1-terabyte/2100-1041_3-5397103.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/Sonys-home-server-stores-1-terabyte/2100-1041_3-5397103.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/Sonys-home-server-stores-1-terabyte/2100-1041_3-5397103.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/Sonys-home-server-stores-1-terabyte/2100-1041_3-5397103.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/Sonys-home-server-stores-1-terabyte/2100-1041_3-5397103.html


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olographic Versatile Discs( )VD

D ata are recorded on to thesu rfa ce a s b it b y b it

/in C D D V D S yste m

1

B itD a ta

SurfaceRecording

Layer

Substrate

nventional Optical Disc

PageData

VolumetricRecordingLayer

Page data are recorded intothe volumetric recording layer

in Holographic recording

HVD

~1m

TM


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PPLICATIONS OF HOLOGRAPHY Optical computers Will use holograms

as "circuit elements". Parallelprocessing is made possible

because when a hologram isaddressed, all the informationcomes out simultaneously


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PPLICATIONS OF HOLOGRAPHY

CommunicationHolography
http://smb//tmp/svjjm.tmp/holo-ppt/video/video.mp4http://smb//tmp/svjjm.tmp/holo-ppt/video/video.mp4


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PPLICATIONS OF HOLOGRAPHY

ENTERTAINMENT


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PPLICATIONS OF HOLOGRAPHY Mostly the holographic techniques have

been used for biomedical applications.

X-ray holography

Endoscopic holography

Three dimensional images of biologicalspecimens

Holography is useful for measurementsfor biomedical specimen.


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PPLICATIONS OF HOLOGRAPHY Holograms are made inside live organs

through optical fibers, providing moredetails than any previous alternatetechniques.

Holographic interferometryis used innumerous laboratories for non-destructive testing. It visually

reveals structural faults withoutdamaging the specimen.

Instantaneous growth rate of a live plant

can be directly observed through aholo ram.


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PPLICATIONS OF HOLOGRAPHY Anti-counterfeiting in credit card is

now a common practice.

Holographic microfiche for highdensity information storage is moreattractive then conventional

microfiche.

Holographic scanners are used in

store check-out counters for


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Zebra hologram

A 2-foot-by-3-foot colourZebra hologram containsa staggering 2 terabytes(2 trillion characters) of

data. Zebra's "virtual camera"records a 3-D image file,like a map, from 500,000slightly different

perspectives. Each shot isencoded on a laser,focused through aspherical lens and burnedonto a 1-millimeter

section of plastic called a


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Future Applications of Holographic Technology

holographic televisions Holographic cinematography

Holographic projector

holograms will revolutionize storagecapacities.

Optical or holographic computers

holographic security methods Using holograms in museums and

exhibitions with animated multimediacontent.


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Holographic Mobile


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