Seminar Cakna KKP - CONFINED SPACE Every Entry Shouldn't Be A One Way Trip

CONFINED SPACE (Procedure Of Entry)

Yurizman Jamil Industrial Hygiene & Ergonomic Division DOSH

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CONTENT

• Duties of parties involved

• Health requirements

• Preparation for entry

• Entry procedure

• Rescue and Emergency Procedure

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PERSON INVOLVED

• Authorised Entrant (AE) – An employee who is authorized by the employer to enter

and do work in a confined space and has attended a training course for AESP and passed the examination

• Authorised Gas Tester (AGT)

– A competent person who is appointed by the employer and is authorized by DOSH to carry out atmosphere testing in a confined space

• Entry Supervisor (ES)

– A person appointed by employer and is authorized by DOSH to be responsible for determining that entry conditions are acceptable

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• Stand-by Person (SP)

– A person who is stationed outside a confined space to monitor the condition of the authorized entrants, and to raise the alarm, if required and has attended a training course for AESP and passed the examination

• Permit Issuer (PI)

– A person who is trained as AGT/ES and authorized by the employer. He cannot be the same person who supervise the confined space activity.

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PERSON INVOLVED

DUTIES OF EMPLOYER

• To inform his employees or contractor

– Entry is allowed only if requirements of ICOP are complied

– Previously identified hazards

– Precautionary measures and procedures implemented

• Coordinate entry operation with contractors

• Ensure all persons involved in entry operation carry out their duties

• Conduct debriefing at the end of entry

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DUTIES OF CONTRACTOR • Obtain information regarding confined space hazard and

entry operation from the employer

• Cooperate with owner when personnel will be working in or near confined spaces

• Brief the owner on the implementation of confined space programme

• Inform employer of hazards that the contractor confronted

or created through debriefing

• If the contractor possesses the site, they have to comply with duties of employer

• Ensure all persons involved in entry operation carry out

their duties

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DUTIES OF PERMIT ISSUER

• To identify and recommend control measures to ensure safe entry

• Ensure there is no other incompatible activity in the vicinity of the confined space

• Authorise the permit to work

• Endorse the cancellation and closure of the permit to work

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DUTIES OF ENTRY SUPERVISOR

• Ensure the permit to work has been filled, tests specified by

the permit has been conducted, procedures and equipment specified in the permit are in place before endorsing the permit and allowing the entry

• Remove unauthorised individuals who attempt to enter the

confined space during entry operation • Terminate the entry and cancel the permit if the acceptable

entry condition cannot be maintained

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DUTIES OF ENTRY SUPERVISOR

• Verify that the rescue services are available and means for summoning them are operable

• Be in-charge of communication during emergency

• To ensure entry operation remain consistent with terms in the permit, and acceptable entry conditions are maintained

• Brief entry team on hazards, permit to work requirements and emergency procedures

• Conduct debriefing

• Close the permit to work

• Submit the PTW to employer for record keeping 9

DUTIES OF AGT • To update his knowledge of hazards in confined

space • To identify hazards and recommend control

measures to ensure safe entry • Familiar with all equipment used in confined

space entry (including rescue equipment) • Test and interpret the reading from gas detector

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• Aware of possible behaviour changes due to exposure to hazards in the confined space

• To ensure accurate count and identification of entrants in confined spaced

• Remain outside the assigned confined space area during entry operation

• Communicate with entrants or fire watch regularly to monitor entrants, and to alert of the need to evacuate

• Not to perform any duties that may interfere with stand-by person duties

• Monitor the condition of equipment required for the entry

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DUTIES OF STANDBY - PERSON

DUTIES OF AUTHORISED ENTRANT

• To have knowledge of hazards in the confined space

• Declare his fitness in writing prior to entry into confined space

• To use equipment require to perform job correctly

• To communicate with stand-by person regularly and when he identify any dangerous situation or prohibited condition

• To evacuate from confined space as quickly as possible if required

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HEALTH REQUIREMENTS

Employees should be certified physically and mentally fit by

OHD without health problems such as:

– Fits, blackout and faintings

– History of heart disease and heart disorder

– High blood pressure

– Asthma, bronchitis and shortness of breath

– Sensory problems: defective hearing, defective eyesight, defective sense of smell – Meniere's Disease - giddiness & loss of balance

– Claustrophobia or other nervous disorders

– Back pain or joint trouble that limits mobility

– Any other disease or condition that may affect or endanger the person’s safety and health

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Declaration Of Health Status by AE

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Declaration by OHD

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TRAINING

Code 12 Training

• Employer shall provide training to all employees working in confined spaces before they are assigned duties under this ICOP

• Retraining shall be provided every two (2) years for AE, SP, AGT, ES or when there are changes in assigned duties and / or confined space hazards

• Employer shall a keep record of the training

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PERMIT TO WORK SYSTEM

• To prepare permit to work based on risks identified

• Entry supervisor may issue the permit after ensuring that:

– All hazards have been identified and controlled; gas testing has been done, isolations have been carried out, and LOTO if applicable

– All precautions have been taken, including ventilation, communication, fire fighting and emergency response

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• All equipment and tools to be brought in are certified as fit for the job

• The duration should be just sufficient to complete the work

• The entry supervisor or the authorized person to cancel the permit if and when a condition that is not allowed under the permit arises in or near the confined space

• The permit to be closed by the entry supervisor or authorized person after the completion of the work

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PERMIT TO WORK SYSTEM

PREPARATION FOR ENTRY

• Step 1: Request for Work by WL/PA

• Step 2(a): Isolation of Work Area

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Step 2(b): Isolation of Confined Space

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Step 3(a): Initial Cleaning & Draining

Potentially dangerous materials which may be trapped in sludge, scale or other deposits, may be released when disturbed or heat is applied

Confined space should be allowed to return to acceptable thermal environment prior to entry.

Step 3(b): PURGING

• After the cleaning, the confined space shall be cleared of contaminants using suitable purging agents

• When flammable contaminants are to be purged, precautions shall be taken to eliminate sources of ignition, including static electricity discharges.

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Step 4: Initial Ventilation

• Ventilate all confined areas completely with normal air,

using recommended procedures even if no hazards were

detected during testing.

• Choose the best method for ventilation e.g. mechanical

ventilation, push-pull ventilation

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Step 5: Evaluation of the confined space conditions shall be conducted as follows:-

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Oxygen (OX) (<19.5% or >23.5%)

Explosive (EX) (above 10% LEL)

Toxic (TOX) (above PEL)

Step 6: Continuous Ventilation

Step 7(a): PPE for Confined Space Work

Step 7(b): Equipment to be prepared

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Step 8: Issuance of Permit to Work

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Step 9 : Entry and Work

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• What to do in case of emergency : – Stand-by person to call for help immediately using walkie

talkie or phone asking for help from ERT or BOMBA, and for medical aid

– Wait for help. Do not enter the confined space, do not leave the area.

– Start ventilation equipment (if not already on) while waiting

– Rescue team must get casualties out speedily. Only workers trained in rescue can enter the space for the purpose of rescue.

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Step 10: Work Completed

• Housekeeping

• Debriefing

• De-isolate, de-energize

• PTW closed

• Hand-over

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RESCUE AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURE

• The employer has to establish a rescue and first aid procedure and provision of rescue equipment

• Rescue procedure should consider:

– The shape and size of confined space

– The nature of task to be performed

– Obstacles within confined space

– Size and position of the mean of ingress and egress

– Number of persons in confined space

– The number of stand-by persons required

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• Created specifically for each potential accident or emergency • Alarm:

– First alert of an emergency. – Different types of alarms. – Flashing lights – in noisy locations – Automatic alarms

• Emergency Action: sequence of things to be done, decisions to be made; flow chart, check lists prepared for reference.

• Evacuation, Rescue, First Aid • Communication : Coordination and flow of information; only

one person in charge. Communication with involved parties and with BOMBA, hospital etc

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• An accident in a confined space

demands immediate action. One of

the most important goals of confined

space rescue training is learning to

work as a team.

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Mechanical equipment is required for rescue when the

depth is more than 1.5 m


EMERGENCY AND RESCUE EQUIPMENT

• Suitable clothing • Breathing and resuscitation apparatus

+ O2 • Safety harness + rope + tripod • Torches, lamps • Breathing apparatus – SCBA • First aid equipment • Audible alarm • Communication sets • Others…

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SHORTFALLS

• Any system is only as good as the people who use it

• Some operators may be required to sign hundreds of PTW documents at the start of shifts. It is so easy to fill out a tick box, and not check it out at all, physically.

• Two thousand years ago workers were dying in confined spaces due to asphyxiation. Sadly today, it is still happening.

• Technological advances can and should stop this from happening, but cost constraints mean that these equipment are often not made available.

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Amalkan Budaya Kerja Selamat dan Sihat

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Seminar Cakna KKP - CONFINED SPACE Every Entry Shouldn't Be A One Way Trip

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Transcript of Seminar Cakna KKP - CONFINED SPACE Every Entry Shouldn't Be A One Way Trip